CN115370288A - Direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity - Google Patents

Direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115370288A
CN115370288A CN202110537852.4A CN202110537852A CN115370288A CN 115370288 A CN115370288 A CN 115370288A CN 202110537852 A CN202110537852 A CN 202110537852A CN 115370288 A CN115370288 A CN 115370288A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
pressure
steering
piston
hole
guide
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110537852.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
程光明
阮臣良
戴文潮
胡亮
张文平
刘奔
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
Original Assignee
China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering
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Publication date
Application filed by China Petroleum and Chemical Corp, Sinopec Research Institute of Petroleum Engineering filed Critical China Petroleum and Chemical Corp
Priority to CN202110537852.4A priority Critical patent/CN115370288A/en
Publication of CN115370288A publication Critical patent/CN115370288A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/04Directional drilling
    • E21B7/06Deflecting the direction of boreholes
    • E21B7/065Deflecting the direction of boreholes using oriented fluid jets
    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21BEARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B7/00Special methods or apparatus for drilling
    • E21B7/18Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement, which comprises a universal connector, wherein the universal connector comprises an upper short section and a lower short section which are connected in a rotating manner, and the middle parts of the upper short section and the lower short section are provided with central holes which are communicated with each other; the flow guide device is connected to the lower end of the lower short section and is provided with a plurality of jet holes in different radial directions; different pressure or displacement in the flow guide device opens different injection holes, and after the injection holes are opened, the fluid is injected to change the direction of the flow guide device. The invention can deflect the tool in the underground according to the designed direction and angle by controlling the pumping pressure and the jet flow direction, thereby realizing the orientation of the underground tool.

Description

Direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control jet flow
Technical Field
The invention relates to a direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity, and belongs to the technical field of drilling and completion.
Background
Modern oil drilling mostly adopts horizontal wells and directional wells. In the drilling process of the well, the drilling direction of the drill bit needs to be adjusted to change the track of the shaft, and finally the aim of matching with the designed track is achieved. The prior art requires the attachment of angled bent subs or bent screws in the drill string. During drilling, the direction of the elbow joint or the elbow screw rod in a shaft is adjusted by rotating the drill column on the ground, so that the drilling direction of the drill bit is adjusted, and the drilling track is controlled.
High pressure water jet drilling methods have been developed in recent years to create very fine boreholes within reservoirs by high pressure jets through small diameter pipes. Due to size limitation, a bent joint or a bent screw cannot be installed on the small-diameter pipe, and in addition, the small-diameter pipe cannot be directly rotated through the ground without being continued to the ground, so that the adjustment of the drilling direction of the small-diameter pipe cannot be realized through the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems in the prior art, the invention provides a direction regulating device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement, which can deflect a tool in a downhole according to a designed direction and angle by controlling pumping pressure and jet flow direction so as to realize the orientation of the downhole tool.
The invention provides a direction regulating device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity, which comprises:
the universal connector comprises an upper short section and a lower short section which are connected in a rotating mode, and central holes which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle of the upper short section and the lower short section;
the flow guide device is connected to the lower end of the lower short section and is provided with a plurality of jet holes in different radial directions;
different injection holes are opened by different pressures or displacement in the flow guide device, and the injection fluid enables the flow guide device to change the direction after the injection holes are opened.
The invention is further improved in that the flow guide device comprises a steering sleeve connected to the lower part of the lower short section, a slide way communicated with the central hole is arranged in the middle of the steering sleeve, and the jet holes are arranged on the steering sleeve along the radial direction;
and a flow guide piston which slides along the axial direction along with the pressure in the central hole is arranged in the slide way, and the flow guide piston slides along the axial direction to selectively open or close each jet hole.
The invention is further improved in that an elastic resetting device is arranged between the upper short section and the steering sleeve.
The invention has the further improvement that the middle part of the diversion piston is provided with a flow passage, and the side wall of the diversion piston is provided with a plurality of diversion holes along the radial direction; when the guide piston moves in the axial direction by the pressure in the central hole, the guide hole selectively aligns with the injection hole and communicates the flow passage and the injection hole, thereby opening the injection hole.
The invention is further improved in that a nozzle is arranged at the top of the steering sleeve, a piston spring is arranged between the diversion piston and the nozzle, the diversion piston moves forwards when the pressure in the central hole is greater than the elastic force of the piston spring, and the diversion piston moves backwards when the pressure in the central hole is less than the elastic force of the piston spring.
A further development of the invention is that the injection orifices comprise a first injection orifice and a second injection orifice, which are located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve and are diametrically opposed;
the flow guide holes comprise first flow guide holes in the same direction as the first injection holes and second flow guide holes in the same direction as the second injection holes; the first guide hole and the second guide hole are located on the same axial line position on the guide piston.
The invention is further improved in that the inner side of the injection hole is provided with a ring groove, and the outer side of the injection hole is provided with an alloy nozzle.
The invention has the further improvement that the upper short section is of a cylindrical structure, and the lower part of the upper short section is provided with a circular steering groove; and a circular steering ball is arranged at the upper part of the lower short section, is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.
The invention is further improved in that the upper end of the upper short section is connected with a shell through threads, and a drill rod is connected through the shell.
The invention is further improved in that the side surface of the guide piston is provided with a plurality of annular seals.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control jet flow provided by the invention can deflect a tool in a downhole according to a designed direction and angle by controlling pumping pressure and jet flow direction, so that the downhole tool is oriented.
The steering sleeve and the shell are connected through the universal connector, and can keep coaxial and also generate a certain included angle; the piston and the piston spring driven by hydraulic pressure are arranged in the shell, and the piston can keep balance at a set position under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring force.
The outer wall of the steering sleeve is provided with injection holes with different directions and different diameters along the axis; the guide piston moves along the axis of the steering sleeve under the action of hydraulic pressure, the position of the guide piston is controlled by pressure or displacement and spring force, a guide channel inside the guide piston is communicated with jet holes in different directions and blocks other jet holes, and the steering sleeve deflects relative to the shell under the action of jet flow.
The invention controls the deflection angle of the steering sleeve relative to the shell by setting the rigidity of the return spring and the size of the jet hole, thereby realizing the orientation of the downhole tool.
Drawings
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a pressure or displacement based control jet steering arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a pressure or displacement based control jet direction control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing the first orifice open;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a pressure or displacement control jet-based direction control device according to an embodiment of the present invention, showing a state where a second injection hole is opened;
in the drawings, like parts are provided with like reference numerals. The figures are not drawn to scale.
The meaning of the reference symbols in the figures is as follows: 1. the universal connector comprises a universal connector 2, a steering sleeve 3, a diversion piston 11, an upper short section 12, a lower short section 13, a shell 14, a steering ball 15, a center hole 21, an elastic resetting device 22, a first jet hole 23, a second jet hole 24, a nozzle 25, a ring groove 26, an alloy nozzle 31, a flow channel 32, a first diversion hole 33, a second diversion hole 34, an annular seal 35 and a piston spring.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, exemplary embodiments of the present invention are described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is clear that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the invention, and not an exhaustive list of all embodiments. And the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a direction regulating device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or displacement according to an embodiment of the present invention, which comprises a universal connector 1, wherein the universal connector 1 comprises an upper short joint 11 and a lower short joint 12. The upper short section 11 is used for connecting a drill rod above, the lower short section 12 is used for connecting a flow guiding device below, and the upper short section 11 is rotatably connected with the lower short section 12. The centers of the upper short section 11 and the lower short section 12 are provided with center holes 15 which are communicated with each other, and the two center holes 15 are communicated with each other all the time in the rotating process of the upper short section 11 and the lower short section 12. The lower end of the lower short section 12 is connected with a flow guide device, a plurality of jet holes arranged along the radial direction are arranged on the flow guide device, and the radial directions of the jet holes are different.
Different jet holes are opened by different pressures in the flow guide device, fluid in the central hole 15 is jetted through the jet holes after the jet holes are opened, and the flow guide device is bent towards opposite directions due to reaction force to drive the universal connector 1 to be bent, so that the direction adjustment is completed. In the present embodiment, the universal connector 1 can rotate around a central point, in this embodiment, the ball-end universal connector 1, and other types of universal connectors 1, such as bellows, can also be used.
In one embodiment, the flow guiding device comprises a steering sleeve 2, wherein the steering sleeve 2 is of a cylindrical structure, and the upper part of the steering sleeve 2 is connected with a lower short section 12 of the universal connector 1. The middle part of the steering sleeve 2 is provided with a slideway which is communicated with a central hole 15 of the universal connector 1. The injection holes are radially arranged on the steering sleeve 2 and are communicated with a slide way of the steering sleeve 2 and an external space. In this embodiment, a diversion piston 3 is arranged in the slideway, and the diversion piston 3 can slide in the slideway. When the pressure in the central hole 15 reaches a certain level, the sliding piston is slidably moved by the pressure, thereby selectively opening or closing each injection hole. The selectively opening or closing manner means to rotate to open a specific injection hole or to close a specific injection hole according to the magnitude of the pressure, and the state of the injection hole may be rotated according to the pressure.
In a preferred embodiment, elastic return means 21 are provided between said upper short section 11 and said steering sleeve 2. The elastic return means 21 is preferably a coil spring, and may be other elastic elements such as a torsion spring and an elastic rod. The elastic return means 21 can provide an elastic force to the steering sleeve 2, so that the steering sleeve 2 receives a restoring force after changing the direction, and the direction of the steering sleeve 2 can be restored after the guide piston 3 closes the injection hole.
In one embodiment, the flow passage 31 is disposed in the middle of the guide piston 3, and a plurality of guide holes are radially disposed on the sidewall of the guide piston, and the guide holes communicate the flow passage 31 with the outside of the guide piston 3. The outer diameter of the diversion piston 3 is larger than the inner diameter of the central hole 15 of the lower short section 12, and the inner diameter of the flow passage 31 is smaller than the inner diameter of the central hole 15 of the lower short section 12. Thus, the upper end surface of the guide piston 3 forms a differential pressure surface in the central hole 15, and the pressure in the central hole 15 applies pressure to the upper end surface of the guide piston 3, so that the guide piston 3 moves downward in the axial direction under the action of the pressure.
In the direction-regulating device based on pressure or displacement control jet according to the present embodiment, when the pilot piston 3 is moved in the axial direction by the pressure in the center hole 15, the pilot hole selectively aligns with the injection hole and communicates the flow passage 31 and the injection hole, thereby opening the injection hole.
In one embodiment, the nozzle 24 is disposed at the top of the steering sleeve 2, the outer end of the nozzle 24 has an arc-shaped structure, and the middle of the nozzle 24 is provided with a nozzle 24 hole. The steering sleeve 2 is connected to the nozzle 24 by means of a screw thread. A piston spring 35 is arranged between the flow guide piston 3 and the nozzle 24, when the pressure in the central hole 15 is greater than the elastic force of the piston spring 35, the flow guide piston 3 moves forwards, and when the pressure in the central hole 15 is less than the elastic force of the piston spring 35, the flow guide piston 3 moves backwards.
When the direction adjusting device based on pressure or displacement control jet flow according to the present embodiment is used, the pressure received by the guide piston 3 is increased by pressurizing the inside of the central hole 15, and the guide piston 3 moves downward against the elastic force of the piston spring 35, so that the guide hole is selectively aligned with the injection hole, thereby opening the injection hole.
In one embodiment, the injection holes comprise a first injection hole 22 and a second injection hole 23, the first injection hole 22 and the second injection hole 23 being located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve 2 and being in opposite radial directions. The diversion holes comprise a first diversion hole 32 in the same direction as the first injection hole 22 and a second diversion hole 33 in the same direction as the second injection hole 23; the first guide hole 32 and the second guide hole 33 are located at the same axial position on the guide piston 3.
When the direction-regulating device based on pressure or displacement control jet according to the present embodiment is used, when the pressure in the central hole 15 is at the first pressure, the pilot piston 3 moves downward by the pressure while compressing the piston spring 35, and the elastic force of the piston spring 35 gradually increases. When the elastic force of the piston spring 35 is balanced with the pressure in the center hole 15, the first guide hole 32 is opposite to the first injection hole 22 to open the first injection hole 22, and the guide means is turned in the opposite direction to the first injection hole 22.
When the pressure in the central hole 15 continues to increase to the second pressure, the guide piston 3 continues to move downward against the elastic force of the piston spring 35, the elastic force of the piston spring 35 continues to increase, and when the elastic force of the piston spring 35 is balanced with the second pressure in the central hole 15, the second guide hole 33 is opposite to the second injection hole 23, so that the second injection hole 23 is opened, and at this time, the guide device turns in the direction opposite to the second injection hole 23. The present embodiment changes the direction of drilling by changing the pressure or displacement within central bore 15.
In one embodiment, the injection hole is provided with an annular groove 25 on the inside and an alloy nozzle 26 on the outside. Alloy nozzle 26 may be provided with different bore sizes to maintain a particular jet flow at a particular pressure. In this embodiment, the alloy nozzle 26 is made of an alloy material to prevent erosion.
In one embodiment, the upper short section 11 is a cylindrical structure, and a circular steering groove is arranged at the lower part of the upper short section; the upper part of the lower short section 12 is provided with a round steering ball 14, and the steering ball 14 is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.
In a preferred embodiment, the side surface of the guide piston 3 is provided with a plurality of sealing grooves, and sliding sealing rings are arranged in the sealing grooves. The annular sealing groove and the sealing ring can seal the injection holes which are not required to be communicated, and other injection holes are in a closed state when a specific injection hole is opened, so that the direction adjusting effect is ensured.
In the case of using the direction-regulating device for controlling a jet flow based on pressure or displacement according to the present embodiment, in an initial state, fluid is pumped into the tool at a certain displacement Q, and due to the throttling effect of the flow passage 31 of the pilot piston 3, pressure is generated at an upper portion thereof, driving the pilot piston 3 to move downward. Because the piston spring 35 has a certain preload force to be balanced with hydraulic pressure, the guide piston 3 remains stationary at this time, and the first injection hole 22 and the second injection hole 23 are blocked by the ring seal 34. Because the elastic resetting device 21 has a certain pretightening force, the steering sleeve 2 is coaxial with the shell 13 under the action of the spring force.
When the direction of the tool needs to be adjusted, the discharge capacity is increased to Q1, and as the size of the central hole 15 of the diversion piston 3 is not changed, the throttling pressure is increased, and the diversion piston 3 is driven to downwards compress the piston spring 35. The return force increases after the piston spring 35 is compressed, so that the guide piston 3 is balanced in the new position. As shown in FIG. 2, when the first injection hole 22 is communicated with the first diversion hole 32, the annular seal 34 seals the other injection holes, the fluid inside the tool is injected through the first injection hole 22, and the inner diameter of the nozzle 24 is designed to limit the fluid injection speed and control the deflection force formed by the jet flow. Under the drive of the side jet flow, the steering sleeve 2 rotates around the center of the universal connector 1, one side of the elastic resetting device 21 is stretched, and the other side of the elastic resetting device 21 is compressed and acts on the steering sleeve 2 to enable the steering sleeve to have the tendency of recovering the initial state. When the restoring force of the elastic restoring device 21 is balanced with the deflecting force generated by the jet, the axis of the steering sleeve 2 is deflected by a certain angle alpha relative to the axis of the housing 13 and remains stable.
When the direction of the tool needs to be adjusted again, the discharge capacity is increased to Q2, and the throttling pressure is increased because the size of the central hole 15 of the diversion piston 3 is unchanged, so that the diversion piston 3 is driven to continuously compress the piston spring 35 downwards. The return force increases after the piston spring 35 is compressed, so that the guide piston 3 is balanced in the new position. As shown in FIG. 3, at this time, the second injection hole 23 is communicated with the second diversion hole 33, the annular seal 34 seals the other injection holes, fluid inside the tool is injected through the second injection hole 23, the inner diameter of the alloy nozzle 26 is designed to limit the fluid injection speed, and the deflection force formed by the jet flow is controlled. Under the drive of the side jet flow, the steering sleeve 2 rotates around the center of the universal connector 1, one side of the elastic resetting device 21 stretches, and the other side compresses, so that the steering sleeve 2 has the tendency of restoring to the initial state. When the return force of the return spring is balanced with the deflection force generated by the jet, the axis of the steering sleeve 2 is deflected by a certain angle β relative to the axis of the housing 13 and remains stable.
In the embodiment, by designing the rigidity of the elastic resetting device 21 and the piston spring 35, the sizes of the inner pore passage of the diversion piston 3 and the alloy nozzle 26, and the number and the orientation of the side wall jet holes of the steering sleeve 2, the deflection angle and the orientation of the steering sleeve 2 relative to the shell 13 can be controlled through the internal pressure/displacement of the tool, and then the drilling track can be adjusted according to the pressure or the displacement.
After the internal fluid displacement of the tool is reduced, the pressure above the guide piston 3 is reduced, the piston spring 35 pushes the guide piston 3 to move upwards, the annular seal 34 seals the jet hole of the guide piston, and the directional system returns to a linear state under the action of the elastic resetting device 21.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be construed to include preferred embodiments and all such changes and/or modifications as fall within the scope of the invention, and all such changes and/or modifications as are made to the embodiments of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A device for controlling the direction of a jet based on pressure or displacement, comprising:
the universal connector (1) comprises an upper short section (11) and a lower short section (12) which are connected in a rotating mode, and center holes (15) which are communicated with each other are formed in the middle parts of the upper short section (11) and the lower short section (12);
the flow guide device is connected to the lower end of the lower short section (12), and a plurality of jet holes in different radial directions are formed in the flow guide device;
different pressure or displacement in the flow guide device opens different injection holes, and after the injection holes are opened, the fluid is injected to change the direction of the flow guide device.
2. A device for pressure or displacement control jet-based steering according to claim 1, characterized in that the flow guiding device comprises a steering sleeve (2) connected to the lower part of the lower sub (12), the middle of the steering sleeve (2) is provided with a slide way communicating with the central hole (15), and the jet holes are radially arranged on the steering sleeve (2);
a flow guide piston (3) which slides along the axial direction along with the pressure in the central hole (15) is arranged in the slide way, and the flow guide piston (3) slides along the axial direction to selectively open or close each jet hole.
3. A pressure or displacement control jet-based steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that an elastic return device (21) is arranged between the upper nipple (11) and the steering sleeve (2).
4. The device for direction regulation based on pressure or displacement control jet flow according to claim 3, characterized in that the middle of the guide piston (3) is provided with a flow passage (31), and the side wall thereof is provided with a plurality of guide holes along the radial direction; when the guide piston (3) is axially moved by the pressure in the central hole (15), the guide hole selectively aligns with the injection hole and communicates the flow passage (31) and the injection hole, thereby opening the injection hole.
5. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to claim 4, characterized in that the steering sleeve (2) is provided with a nozzle (24) at its top, a piston spring (35) is provided between the steering piston (3) and the nozzle (24), the steering piston (3) moving forward when the pressure in the central bore (15) is greater than the spring force of the piston spring (35), and the steering piston (3) moving backward when the pressure in the central bore (15) is less than the spring force of the piston spring (35).
6. A pressure or displacement control jet-based steering device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that the injection holes comprise a first injection hole (22) and a second injection hole (23), the first injection hole (22) and the second injection hole (23) being located at different axial positions on the steering sleeve (2) and being diametrically opposite;
the guide holes comprise a first guide hole (32) in the same direction as the first injection hole (22) and a second guide hole (33) in the same direction as the second injection hole (23); the first guide hole (32) and the second guide hole (33) are located at the same axial position on the guide piston (3).
7. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to claim 6, characterized in that the injection hole is provided with an annular groove (25) on the inside and an alloy nozzle (26) on the outside.
8. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the upper nipple (11) is a cylindrical structure, the lower part of which is provided with a circular steering groove; the upper part of the lower short section (12) is provided with a round steering ball (14), and the steering ball (14) is clamped in the steering groove and can rotate in the steering groove.
9. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to claim 8, characterized in that the upper end of the upper pup joint (11) is connected with a housing (13) through threads, and a drill rod is connected with the housing (13).
10. A pressure or displacement control jet based steering device according to claim 2, characterized in that the side of the deflector piston (3) is provided with several annular seals (34).
CN202110537852.4A 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity Pending CN115370288A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110537852.4A CN115370288A (en) 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110537852.4A CN115370288A (en) 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Direction adjusting device for controlling jet flow based on pressure or discharge capacity

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Publication Number Publication Date
CN115370288A true CN115370288A (en) 2022-11-22

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CN117617039A (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-03-01 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) Water-saving irrigation system for greenhouse planting

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117617039A (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-03-01 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) Water-saving irrigation system for greenhouse planting
CN117617039B (en) * 2023-12-18 2024-05-24 金华市农产品质量安全中心(金华市农业综合检验检测中心) Water-saving irrigation system for greenhouse planting

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