CN110671050B - Directional rotary steering drilling tool - Google Patents
Directional rotary steering drilling tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110671050B CN110671050B CN201910931968.9A CN201910931968A CN110671050B CN 110671050 B CN110671050 B CN 110671050B CN 201910931968 A CN201910931968 A CN 201910931968A CN 110671050 B CN110671050 B CN 110671050B
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 21
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/06—Deflecting the direction of boreholes
- E21B7/064—Deflecting the direction of boreholes specially adapted drill bits therefor
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a directional rotary steering drilling tool, which comprises a body shell, wherein a central hole is arranged on the body shell in a penetrating way, and the bottom end of the body shell is connected with a hollow drill bit seat in a petal type; a guide inner cylinder which can axially move and circumferentially rotate is arranged in the central hole, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder is connected with the drill bit seat in a swinging mode through a rotating support shaft, a guide outer cylinder which can push and pull the guide inner cylinder to axially move is sleeved on the guide inner cylinder, and the bend angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell is changed through axial movement of the guide inner cylinder; the top of the guide inner cylinder is provided with a rotary driving structure capable of driving the guide inner cylinder to rotate in the circumferential direction, the guide inner cylinder changes the position of the drill bit seat through the circumferential rotation, the rotary driving structure comprises a hollow screw output shaft, and the bottom end of the screw output shaft drives the guide inner cylinder to rotate in the circumferential direction through a connecting shaft. The tool can simultaneously adjust the bending angle and the direction of the tool, automatically guide drilling and realize the control of the track of the well in the drilling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of petroleum drilling, in particular to a directional rotary steering drilling tool.
Background
In recent years, in order to meet the requirements of modern oil and gas field exploration and development, continuous innovation and optimization on borehole trajectory control in the drilling process are needed, particularly in the aspects of horizontal wells, extended reach wells and the like, so that the formation conditions of drilling tools are increasingly complex, and the borehole trajectory needs to be effectively controlled in order to achieve the purpose of improving productivity.
After the 21 st century, the development and utilization of ocean oil and gas resources, unconventional oil and gas and new energy have become the highest point for the future development of various countries, and especially the development of new energy such as combustible ice, hot dry rock and the like, significantly affects the international energy pattern. At present, the exploitation of the resources mainly comprises an extended reach well and a cluster horizontal well, the requirement on the deflecting capacity of a drilling tool is higher when the exploitation of the resources is carried out, and the traditional guiding drilling tool cannot meet the exploitation of the wells.
Currently, rotary steerable drilling is an effective way to develop such wells and is used on a large scale at the drilling site. The technology is mainly realized by a rotary steering drilling tool which is arranged near a drill bit, and the drill bit is rotated and drilled towards a preset track by adjusting the orientation and the bending angle of the drill bit while rotating and drilling. The drilling mode can obviously improve the drilling efficiency of the complex stratum and improve the exploitation possibility of the complex stratum.
The heart of the rotary steerable drilling technology is the rotary steerable drilling tool. At present, the maturity of the developed tools is relatively poor, and the requirements of complex stratum exploitation at present cannot be completely met.
Therefore, the inventor provides a directional rotary steering drilling tool by virtue of experience and practice of related industries for many years so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a directional rotary steering drilling tool, which can simultaneously adjust the bending angle and the direction of the tool, automatically steer the drilling and realize the control of the track of a borehole in the drilling process.
The invention aims to realize the aim, and the directional rotary steering drilling tool comprises a body shell, wherein a central hole is axially arranged on the body shell in a through mode, and the bottom end of the body shell is connected with a hollow drill bit seat in a petal type; a guide inner cylinder which can axially move and circumferentially rotate is arranged in the central hole, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder is connected with the drill bit seat in a swinging mode through a hollow rotary supporting shaft, a guide outer cylinder which can push and pull the guide inner cylinder to axially move is sleeved on the guide inner cylinder, and the bend angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell is changed through axial movement of the guide inner cylinder; the top end of the guide inner cylinder is provided with a rotary driving structure capable of driving the guide inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially, the guide inner cylinder changes the position of the drill bit seat through circumferential rotation, the rotary driving structure comprises a hollow screw output shaft, the top end of the screw output shaft is connected with a screw motor capable of driving the screw output shaft to rotate, and the bottom end of the screw output shaft drives the guide inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially through a hollow connecting shaft; and the screw output shaft, the connecting shaft, the guide inner cylinder and the inner cavity of the rotary supporting shaft are axially communicated to form a drilling fluid channel.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adjusting structure capable of driving the guide outer cylinder to move axially and adjusting the rotation speed of the guide inner cylinder is further disposed in the body housing.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder is eccentrically provided with an inclined support block accommodating groove, a support block is arranged in the support block accommodating groove, and a first spherical groove is arranged in the support block; the top of rotation support shaft sets up the back shaft bulb, rotation support shaft downwardly extending wears to locate in the drill bit seat, the back shaft bulb can swing connect in the first spherical recess with the change the drill bit seat with position and bent angle between the body shell.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a first bevel gear is fixedly disposed on the screw output shaft, a second bevel gear is fixedly disposed on the connecting shaft, a connecting cylinder is rotatably sleeved in the body housing, third bevel gears are circumferentially disposed at intervals in the connecting cylinder, the first bevel gear is engaged with the second bevel gear through the third bevel gear, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear form a planetary bevel gear mechanism, the rotating speed of the first bevel gear is constant, and the connecting cylinder adjusts the rotating speed of the connecting shaft through the third bevel gear and the second bevel gear.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjusting structure includes a speed regulating motor, an output shaft of the speed regulating motor extends downward, a first spur gear is fixedly disposed on the output shaft, a hollow guide wheel is rotatably sleeved in the body housing, a first inner spur gear is disposed at a top end of an inner wall of the guide wheel, the first spur gear can be engaged with the first inner spur gear, and the speed regulating motor drives the guide wheel to rotate relative to the body housing through the first spur gear and the first inner spur gear;
the inner wall bottom of guide pulley sets up straight-teeth gear in the second, the fixed second straight-teeth gear that sets up on the screw output shaft, the top of connecting cylinder sets up a plurality of straight-teeth gear axles along the protruding a plurality of straight-teeth gear axles of circumference interval, each set up the third straight-teeth gear on the straight-teeth gear axle respectively, straight-teeth gear passes through in the second the third straight-teeth gear with the meshing of second straight-teeth gear is connected, straight-teeth gear in the second straight-teeth gear with the third straight-teeth gear constitutes planet straight-teeth gear mechanism, the rotational speed of second straight-teeth gear is invariable, the guide pulley passes through straight-teeth gear in the second with the third straight-teeth gear is adjusted the rotational speed of connecting cylinder.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a threaded cylinder is rotatably sleeved in the body housing, an inner trapezoidal threaded portion is disposed at a lower portion of an inner wall of the threaded cylinder, an outer trapezoidal threaded portion matched with the inner trapezoidal threaded portion is disposed at an upper portion of an outer wall of the guide outer cylinder, and the guide outer cylinder and the threaded cylinder form a screw nut mechanism; the outer wall of the guide outer cylinder is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the body shell through a spline structure, a clamping ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the guide outer cylinder, and a clamping convex ring capable of being axially clamped in the clamping ring groove is formed in the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder; the top end of the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder can axially move through a spline structure and is circumferentially and fixedly sleeved on the lower portion of the inner wall of the connecting shaft.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a fourth spur gear is disposed on the connecting shaft, a third inner spur gear is disposed on an upper portion of an inner wall of the thread cylinder, a clutch shaft capable of moving along an axial direction is disposed between an inner wall of the body housing and an outer wall of the connecting shaft, a fifth spur gear is disposed on a top portion of the outer wall of the clutch shaft, a sixth spur gear is disposed on a lower portion of the outer wall of the clutch shaft, a seventh spur gear is disposed on a bottom portion of the outer wall of the clutch shaft, and the seventh spur gear is in meshing connection with the third inner spur gear; the clutch shaft can drive the thread cylinder to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the clutch shaft has axially spaced first, second and third operating positions;
a fourth inner straight gear is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, the clutch shaft moves upwards to a first working position where the fifth straight gear is meshed with the fourth inner straight gear, and the connecting cylinder is meshed with the fifth straight gear through the fourth inner straight gear and is meshed with the third inner straight gear through the seventh straight gear to drive the threaded cylinder to rotate in the same direction relative to the connecting cylinder;
the clutch shaft moves downwards until the fifth straight gear is separated from the fourth inner straight gear and the sixth straight gear is separated from the fourth straight gear to form a second working position;
the clutch shaft moves downwards to a third working position where the fifth straight gear is disengaged from the fourth inner straight gear, the sixth straight gear is meshed with the fourth straight gear, and the connecting shaft is meshed with the fourth straight gear through the sixth straight gear and the seventh straight gear is meshed with the third inner straight gear to drive the threaded cylinder to reversely rotate relative to the connecting shaft.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the guide wheel, the connecting cylinder and the threaded cylinder are rotatably sleeved on an inner wall of the body housing by a suspension ball.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a second spherical groove is disposed at the bottom of the body housing, and a drill bit seat ball head capable of being connected to the second spherical groove in a swinging manner is disposed at the top end of the drill bit seat; the bottom of the body shell is provided with a petal groove, the drill bit seat is sleeved with a lower petal shell, and the top end of the lower petal shell is provided with an outer petal convex part which can form a petal connection with the petal groove and can swing.
From the above, the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention, the main driving power is from the screw motor, the driving torque is larger, larger deflecting force can be provided, and the deflecting stability of the tool can be improved; in the drilling process, the guide inner cylinder rotates in the body shell, and the directions of the rotary support shaft and the drill bit seat are changed; the axial movement of the guide inner cylinder changes the axial position of the rotary support shaft, so that the bend angle of the tool is changed, the tool bend angle adjusting range is large, the direction adjustment of the tool is realized by pushing the guide inner cylinder to move axially through the guide outer cylinder, and the adjusting process is reliable and stable;
in the directional rotary guiding drilling tool provided by the invention, the rotating speed of a screw motor is constant, the screw motor drives the screw output shaft to rotate in the same direction, the screw output shaft drives the guiding inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially through the connecting shaft, and the guiding inner cylinder drives the rotary supporting shaft to swing so as to regularly change the direction of the drill bit seat; the temporary adjustment of the direction of the drill bit seat is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor, the control mode is only micro-adjustment, the driving torque required by the speed regulating motor is small, and the adjustment mode is reliable;
in the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention, the adjustment of the bending angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell is realized through the axial movement of the clutch shaft, and the adjustment process is stable and reliable;
the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention can simultaneously adjust the bending angle and the direction of the tool, automatically steer the drilling and realize the control of the track of the well in the drilling process.
Drawings
The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating and explaining the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Wherein:
FIG. 1: is an external view of the directional rotary steerable drilling tool of the present invention.
FIG. 2: is a cross-sectional view taken at a-a in fig. 1.
FIG. 3: is a schematic view of the screw output shaft of the present invention.
FIG. 4: is a schematic view of the connecting shaft of the present invention.
FIG. 5: is a schematic view of the clutch shaft of the present invention.
In the figure:
100. a directional rotary steerable drilling tool;
1. a body housing; 10. a central bore;
2. a bit seat; 21. a drill bit seat ball head; 22. a lower shell of petals;
31. a guide inner cylinder; 311. a support block accommodating groove; 312. a support block; 313. a convex ring is clamped; 32. a guide outer cylinder; 33. a threaded barrel; 331. a third inner spur gear;
4. rotating the support shaft; 41. supporting a shaft ball head;
51. a screw output shaft; 52. a first bevel gear; 53. a second spur gear;
6. a connecting shaft; 61. a second bevel gear; 62. a fourth spur gear;
71. a connecting cylinder; 711. a straight gear shaft; 712. a fourth inner spur gear; 72. a third bevel gear; 73. a speed-regulating motor; 74. a first straight gear; 75. a guide wheel; 751. a first inner spur gear; 752. a second inner spur gear; 76. a third spur gear;
8. a clutch shaft; 81. a fifth spur gear; 82. a sixth spur gear; 83. a seventh spur gear;
9. the ball is suspended.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The specific embodiments of the present invention described herein are for the purpose of illustration only and are not to be construed as limiting the invention in any way. Any possible variations based on the present invention may be conceived by the skilled person in the light of the teachings of the present invention, and these should be considered to fall within the scope of the present invention. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may include, for example, mechanical or electrical connections, communications between two elements, direct connections, indirect connections through intermediaries, and the like. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the present application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the present invention provides a directional rotary steerable drilling tool 100, which includes a body housing 1, wherein a central hole 10 is axially formed through the body housing 1, the bottom end of the body housing 1 is petal-connected to a hollow drill bit seat 2, the bottom end of the drill bit seat 2 is connected to a drill bit (not shown in the drawings, in the prior art), the top end of the body housing 1 is connected to an upper drill collar (not shown in the drawings, in the drilling process, a torque is transmitted to the drill bit through the body housing 1 and the petal-connected drill bit seat 2, and a drill bit pressure is transmitted to the drill bit through the body housing 1 and the drill bit seat 2. A guide inner cylinder 31 which can axially move and circumferentially rotate is arranged in the central hole 10, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder 31 is connected with the drill bit seat 2 in a swinging mode through a hollow rotary supporting shaft 4, a guide outer cylinder 32 which can push and pull the guide inner cylinder 31 to axially move is sleeved on the guide inner cylinder 31, and the bend angle between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 is changed through axial movement of the guide inner cylinder 31; the top end of the guide inner cylinder 31 is provided with a rotary driving structure capable of driving the guide inner cylinder 31 to rotate circumferentially, the guide inner cylinder 31 changes the position of the drill bit seat 2 through circumferential rotation, the rotary driving structure comprises a hollow screw output shaft 51, the top end of the screw output shaft 51 is connected with a screw motor (in the prior art, not shown in the figure) capable of driving the screw output shaft 51 to rotate, the screw motor has constant rotating speed and can generate larger output torque, and the bottom end of the screw output shaft 51 is connected with the guide inner cylinder 31 through a hollow connecting shaft 6 to drive the guide inner cylinder 31 to rotate circumferentially; the inner cavities of the screw output shaft 51, the connecting shaft 6, the guide inner cylinder 31 and the rotary supporting shaft 4 are axially communicated to form a drilling fluid channel.
In the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention, the main driving power is from the screw motor, the driving torque is larger, larger deflecting force can be provided, and the deflecting stability of the tool can be improved; in the drilling process, the guide inner cylinder rotates in the shell of the body, and the directions of the rotary support shaft and the drill bit seat are changed; the axial movement of the guide inner cylinder changes the axial position of the rotary support shaft, so that the bend angle of the tool is changed, the tool bend angle adjusting range is large, the direction adjustment of the tool is realized by pushing the guide inner cylinder to move axially through the guide outer cylinder, and the adjusting process is reliable and stable; the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention can simultaneously adjust the bending angle and the direction of the tool, automatically steer the drilling and realize the control of the track of the well in the drilling process.
Further, an adjusting structure capable of driving the guide outer cylinder 32 to move axially and adjusting the rotating speed of the guide inner cylinder 31 is arranged in the body shell 1.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder 31 is eccentrically provided with an inclined support block accommodating groove 311, a support block 312 is arranged in the support block accommodating groove 311, the support block accommodating groove 311 is an eccentric circular hole, the support block 312 is a hollow cylindrical structure, and a first spherical groove is arranged in the support block 312; the top of the rotating support shaft 4 is provided with a support shaft ball 41, the rotating support shaft 4 extends downwards to penetrate through the drill bit seat 2, and the support shaft ball 41 can be connected in the first spherical groove in a swinging manner to change the orientation (the circumferential position of the drill bit seat relative to the body shell) and the bend angle (the included angle between the central axis of the drill bit seat and the central axis of the body shell, namely the included angle between the central axis of the drill bit and the central axis of the pipe column) between the drill bit seat and the body shell. In the present embodiment, an external thread is provided on the lower portion of the outer wall of the rotation support shaft 4, an internal thread is provided in the bit holder 2, and the rotation support shaft 4 is connected to the inside of the bit holder 2 by a thread.
The guide inner cylinder 31 axially moves under the push-pull of the guide outer cylinder 32, the supporting block 312 axially moves along with the guide inner cylinder, and the included angle between the rotary supporting shaft 4 and the guide inner cylinder 31 is changed, so that the bending angle adjustment between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 is realized; the guiding inner cylinder 31 rotates circumferentially, the circumferential position between the first spherical groove on the supporting block 312 and the body shell 1 is changed, and the circumferential position between the rotating supporting shaft 4 and the body shell 1 is changed, so that the orientation adjustment of the drill bit seat 2 is realized.
Further, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, a first bevel gear 52 is fixedly arranged on the screw output shaft 51, a second bevel gear 61 is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft 6, a connecting cylinder 71 is rotatably sleeved in the body housing 1, third bevel gears 72 are circumferentially arranged in the connecting cylinder 71 at intervals, the third bevel gears 72 are planet gears, the first bevel gear 52 is in meshing connection with the second bevel gear 61 through the third bevel gear 72, the first bevel gear 52, the second bevel gear 61 and the third bevel gear 72 form a planetary bevel gear mechanism, the rotating speed of the screw output shaft 51 is constant, so the rotating speed of the first bevel gear 52 fixedly connected thereto is constant, and the connecting cylinder 71 adjusts the rotating speed of the connecting shaft 6 through the third bevel gear 72 and the second bevel gear 61 (according to the principle of planetary gear speed adjustment, specific speed adjustment parameters are determined according to actual conditions). In an embodiment of the present invention, 2 bevel gear shafts are provided at a lower portion of an inner wall of the connecting cylinder 71, and a third bevel gear 72 is fixedly mounted on each of the bevel gear shafts.
The screw motor has constant rotating speed, the screw motor drives the screw output shaft 51 to rotate in the same direction, the screw output shaft 51 drives the guide inner cylinder 31 to rotate circumferentially through the connecting shaft 6, and the guide inner cylinder 31 drives the rotary supporting shaft 4 to swing so as to regularly change the direction of the drill bit seat 2. When the orientation of the drill bit seat 2 needs to be adjusted temporarily in the drilling process, the adjusting structure is started, so that the connecting cylinder 71 adjusts the rotating speed of the connecting shaft 6 through the third bevel gear 72 and the second bevel gear 61, and the orientation of the drill bit seat 2 is changed.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the adjusting structure includes a speed regulating motor 73, the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor 73 can be adjusted, the specific rotating speed is determined according to the actual requirement of the orientation adjustment, and the speed regulating motor 73 is fixedly installed on the body casing 1; an output shaft of the speed regulating motor 73 extends downwards, a first straight gear 74 is fixedly arranged on the output shaft, a hollow guide wheel 75 is rotatably sleeved on the body shell 1, a first inner straight gear 751 is arranged at the top end of the inner wall of the guide wheel 75, the first straight gear 74 can be meshed with the first inner straight gear 751, and the speed regulating motor 73 drives the guide wheel 75 to rotate relative to the body shell 1 through the first straight gear 74 and the first inner straight gear 751; in an embodiment of the present invention, the number of the speed regulating motor 73 and the first straight gear 74 is 2, and the two are radially and symmetrically arranged.
The bottom end of the inner wall of the guide wheel 75 is provided with a second inner spur gear 752, the screw output shaft 51 is fixedly provided with a second spur gear 53, the top end of the connecting cylinder 71 is provided with a plurality of spur gear shafts 711 at intervals along the circumferential direction (in a specific embodiment of the invention, the number of the spur gear shafts 711 is 4, the spur gear shafts are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction), each spur gear shaft 711 is provided with a third spur gear 76, the second inner spur gear 752 is meshed and connected with the second spur gear 53 through the third spur gear 76, the second inner spur gear 752, the second spur gear 53 and the third spur gear 76 form a planetary spur gear mechanism, the rotating speed of the second spur gear 53 is constant, and the guide wheel 75 adjusts the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder 71 through the second inner spur gear 752 and the third spur gear 76.
The speed regulating motor 73 and the planetary gear train (the planetary bevel gear mechanism and the planetary spur gear mechanism) can regulate the rotating speed of the connecting shaft 6 and the guide inner cylinder 31, realize the orientation regulation of the supporting block 312, and thus change the orientation of the drill bit holder 2.
When the direction of the drill bit seat 2 needs to be changed regularly and constantly, the speed regulating motor 73 is turned off, the screw motor drives the screw output shaft 51 to rotate constantly in the same direction, the screw output shaft 51 drives the guide inner cylinder 31 to rotate circumferentially through the connecting shaft 6, and the guide inner cylinder 31 drives the rotary supporting shaft 4 to swing, so that the direction of the drill bit seat 2 is changed regularly. When the orientation of the drill bit seat 2 needs to be adjusted temporarily in the drilling process, the speed regulating motor 73 is started, the speed regulating motor 73 is meshed with a planetary straight gear mechanism formed by a first straight gear 74 and a first inner straight gear 751, a second inner straight gear 752, a second straight gear 53 and a third straight gear 76 to regulate the rotating speed of the connecting cylinder 71, and the connecting cylinder 71 correspondingly drives a third straight gear 72 to change the rotating speed, so that the rotating speed regulation of the connecting shaft 6 and the guide inner cylinder 31 is realized, and the orientation of the drill bit seat 2 is changed. The azimuth adjustment of the drill bit seat 2 is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor 73, and the control mode is only micro-adjustment, so that the driving torque required by the speed regulating motor 73 is small, and the adjustment mode is reliable.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a screw cylinder 33 is rotatably sleeved in the body housing 1, an inner trapezoidal thread portion is arranged at the lower portion of the inner wall of the screw cylinder 33, an outer trapezoidal thread portion matched with the inner trapezoidal thread portion is arranged at the upper portion of the outer wall of the guide outer cylinder 32, and the guide outer cylinder 32 and the screw cylinder 33 form a screw nut mechanism; the outer wall of the guide outer cylinder 32 is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the body shell 1 through a spline structure, the inner wall of the guide outer cylinder 32 is provided with a clamping ring groove, and the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder 31 is provided with a clamping convex ring 313 which can be axially clamped in the clamping ring groove; the top end of the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder 31 can axially move through a spline structure and is circumferentially and fixedly sleeved on the lower part of the inner wall of the connecting shaft 6.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, 4, and 5, a fourth spur gear 62 is provided on the connecting shaft 6, a third inner spur gear 331 is provided on an upper portion of an inner wall of the thread cylinder 33, a clutch shaft 8 capable of moving in the axial direction is provided between an inner wall of the body case 1 and an outer wall of the connecting shaft 6 (the clutch shaft 8 may move in the axial direction by a hydraulic mechanism, which is prior art and not shown in the figure), and the adjustment of the bend angle between the bit holder 2 and the body case 1 is performed by the axial movement of the clutch shaft 8. A fifth straight gear 81 is arranged at the top of the outer wall of the clutch shaft 8, a sixth straight gear 82 is arranged at the lower part of the outer wall of the clutch shaft 8, a seventh straight gear 83 is arranged at the bottom of the outer wall of the clutch shaft 8, and the seventh straight gear 83 is meshed with the third inner straight gear 331; the clutch shaft 8 can drive the threaded cylinder 33 to rotate clockwise or counterclockwise.
Further, the clutch shaft 8 has a first working position, a second working position and a third working position which are axially spaced;
a fourth inner spur gear 712 is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder 71, the clutch shaft 8 moves upwards to a position where the fifth spur gear 81 is meshed with the fourth inner spur gear 712 to form a first working position, the connecting cylinder 71 is meshed with the fifth spur gear 81 through the fourth inner spur gear 712, and the seventh spur gear 83 is meshed with the third inner spur gear 331 to drive the threaded cylinder 33 to rotate in the same direction relative to the connecting cylinder 71;
the clutch shaft 8 moves downwards until the fifth spur gear 81 is disengaged from the fourth inner spur gear 712 and the sixth spur gear 82 is disengaged from the fourth spur gear 62, and is in a second working position;
the clutch shaft 8 moves downwards until the fifth spur gear 81 is disengaged from the fourth inner spur gear 712, the sixth spur gear 82 is meshed with the fourth spur gear 62 to form a third working position, the connecting shaft 6 is meshed with the fourth spur gear 62 through the sixth spur gear 82, and the seventh spur gear 83 is meshed with the third inner spur gear 331 to drive the threaded cylinder 33 to rotate reversely relative to the connecting shaft 6.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the rotation direction of the output shaft of the speed regulating motor 73 and the screw output shaft 51 is clockwise; in the drilling process, when the bending angle of the drill bit seat 2 relative to the body shell 1 does not need to be adjusted, the clutch shaft 8 is positioned at a second working position;
when the bending angle between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 needs to be increased, the guide inner cylinder 31 needs to move downwards, at this time, when the clutch shaft 8 moves upwards to the first working position, the fifth spur gear 81 is meshed with the fourth inner spur gear 712, the speed regulating motor 73 is started, the connecting cylinder 71 rotates clockwise, the connecting cylinder 71 is meshed with the fifth spur gear 81 through the fourth inner spur gear 712, the seventh spur gear 83 is meshed with the third inner spur gear 331 to drive the threaded cylinder 33 to rotate clockwise, the clockwise rotation of the threaded cylinder 33 is converted into the downward movement of the guide outer cylinder 32, the guide outer cylinder 32 moves downwards and pushes the guide inner cylinder 31 to move downwards, and the bending angle between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 is increased;
when the bend angle between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 needs to be reduced, the guide inner cylinder 31 needs to move upwards, at this time, the clutch shaft 8 is moved downwards to the third working position, and the fifth spur gear 81 is disengaged from the fourth inner spur gear 712, and the sixth spur gear 82 is meshed with the fourth spur gear 62; the screw output shaft 51 rotates clockwise to drive the connecting shaft 6 to rotate clockwise, the connecting shaft 6 is meshed with the fourth spur gear 62 through the sixth spur gear 82, the seventh spur gear 83 is meshed with the third inner spur gear 331 to drive the threaded cylinder 33 to rotate anticlockwise, the anticlockwise rotation of the threaded cylinder 33 is converted into upward movement of the guide outer cylinder 32, the guide outer cylinder 32 moves upward and pushes the guide inner cylinder 31 to move upward, and the bend angle between the drill bit seat 2 and the body shell 1 is reduced.
In the present embodiment, the guide pulley 75, the connecting cylinder 71, and the threaded cylinder 33 are rotatably fitted to the inner wall of the body housing 1 via the suspension ball 9.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, a second spherical groove is arranged at the bottom of the body shell 1, and a drill bit seat ball 21 capable of being connected in the second spherical groove in a swinging manner is arranged at the top end of the drill bit seat 2; the bottom of the body shell 1 is provided with a petal groove, the drill bit seat 2 is sleeved with a lower petal shell 22, in the embodiment, the lower petal shell 22 is connected to the drill bit seat 2 through threads, and the top end of the lower petal shell 22 is provided with an outer petal convex part which can form a petal connection with the petal groove and can swing.
From the above, the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention, the main driving power is from the screw motor, the driving torque is larger, larger deflecting force can be provided, and the deflecting stability of the tool can be improved; in the drilling process, the guide inner cylinder rotates in the body shell, and the directions of the rotary support shaft and the drill bit seat are changed; the axial movement of the guide inner cylinder changes the axial position of the rotary support shaft, so that the bend angle of the tool is changed, the tool bend angle adjusting range is large, the direction adjustment of the tool is realized by pushing the guide inner cylinder to move axially through the guide outer cylinder, and the adjusting process is reliable and stable;
in the directional rotary guiding drilling tool provided by the invention, the rotating speed of a screw motor is constant, the screw motor drives the screw output shaft to rotate in the same direction, the screw output shaft drives the guiding inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially through the connecting shaft, and the guiding inner cylinder drives the rotary supporting shaft to swing so as to regularly change the direction of the drill bit seat; the temporary adjustment of the direction of the drill bit seat is realized by controlling the rotating speed of the speed regulating motor, the control mode is only micro-adjustment, the driving torque required by the speed regulating motor is small, and the adjustment mode is reliable;
in the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention, the adjustment of the bending angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell is realized through the axial movement of the clutch shaft, and the adjustment process is stable and reliable;
the directional rotary steering drilling tool provided by the invention can simultaneously adjust the bending angle and the direction of the tool, automatically steer the drilling and realize the control of the track of the well in the drilling process.
The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any equivalent changes and modifications that can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and principles of the invention should fall within the protection scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A directional rotary steering drilling tool comprises a body shell, wherein a central hole is axially arranged on the body shell in a through mode, and the bottom end of the body shell is connected with a hollow drill bit seat in a petal type; a guide inner cylinder which can axially move and circumferentially rotate is arranged in the central hole, the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder is connected with the drill bit seat in a swinging mode through a hollow rotary supporting shaft, a guide outer cylinder which can push and pull the guide inner cylinder to axially move is sleeved on the guide inner cylinder, and the bend angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell is changed through axial movement of the guide inner cylinder; the top end of the guide inner cylinder is provided with a rotary driving structure capable of driving the guide inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially, the guide inner cylinder changes the position of the drill bit seat through circumferential rotation, the rotary driving structure comprises a hollow screw output shaft, the top end of the screw output shaft is connected with a screw motor capable of driving the screw output shaft to rotate, and the bottom end of the screw output shaft drives the guide inner cylinder to rotate circumferentially through a hollow connecting shaft; an inner cavity of the screw output shaft, an inner cavity of the connecting shaft, an inner cavity of the guide inner cylinder and an inner cavity of the rotary supporting shaft are axially communicated to form a drilling fluid channel;
an adjusting structure which can drive the guide outer cylinder to axially move and can adjust the rotating speed of the guide inner cylinder is also arranged in the body shell;
the bottom end of the guide inner cylinder is eccentrically provided with an inclined supporting block accommodating groove, a supporting block is arranged in the supporting block accommodating groove, and a first spherical groove is formed in the supporting block; a support shaft ball head is arranged at the top end of the rotary support shaft, the rotary support shaft extends downwards to penetrate through the drill bit seat, and the support shaft ball head can be connected in the first spherical groove in a swinging mode so as to change the direction and the bending angle between the drill bit seat and the body shell;
the connecting device is characterized in that a first bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the screw output shaft, a second bevel gear is fixedly arranged on the connecting shaft, a connecting cylinder is sleeved in the body shell in a rotating mode, third bevel gears are arranged in the connecting cylinder at intervals in the circumferential direction, the first bevel gear is meshed and connected with the second bevel gear through the third bevel gear, the first bevel gear, the second bevel gear and the third bevel gear form a planetary bevel gear mechanism, the rotating speed of the first bevel gear is constant, and the connecting cylinder adjusts the rotating speed of the connecting shaft through the third bevel gear and the second bevel gear.
2. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the adjustment structure comprises a speed-adjustable motor, an output shaft of the speed-adjustable motor extends downward, a first spur gear is fixedly disposed on the output shaft, a hollow guide wheel is rotatably sleeved in the body housing, a first internal spur gear is disposed at a top end of an inner wall of the guide wheel, the first spur gear is capable of meshing with the first internal spur gear, and the speed-adjustable motor drives the guide wheel to rotate relative to the body housing through the first spur gear and the first internal spur gear;
the inner wall bottom of guide pulley sets up straight-teeth gear in the second, the fixed second straight-teeth gear that sets up on the screw output shaft, the top of connecting cylinder sets up a plurality of straight-teeth gear axles along the protruding a plurality of straight-teeth gear axles of circumference interval, each set up the third straight-teeth gear on the straight-teeth gear axle respectively, straight-teeth gear passes through in the second the third straight-teeth gear with the meshing of second straight-teeth gear is connected, straight-teeth gear in the second straight-teeth gear with the third straight-teeth gear constitutes planet straight-teeth gear mechanism, the rotational speed of second straight-teeth gear is invariable, the guide pulley passes through straight-teeth gear in the second with the third straight-teeth gear is adjusted the rotational speed of connecting cylinder.
3. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein a threaded barrel is rotatably fitted around the body housing, an inner tapered threaded portion is provided on a lower portion of an inner wall of the threaded barrel, an outer tapered threaded portion matching the inner tapered threaded portion is provided on an upper portion of an outer wall of the outer guide barrel, and the outer guide barrel and the threaded barrel constitute a lead screw-nut mechanism; the outer wall of the guide outer cylinder is movably sleeved on the inner wall of the body shell through a spline structure, a clamping ring groove is formed in the inner wall of the guide outer cylinder, and a clamping convex ring capable of being axially clamped in the clamping ring groove is formed in the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder; the top end of the outer wall of the guide inner cylinder can axially move through a spline structure and is circumferentially and fixedly sleeved on the lower portion of the inner wall of the connecting shaft.
4. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool according to claim 3, wherein a fourth spur gear is provided on the connecting shaft, a third inner spur gear is provided on an upper portion of an inner wall of the threaded barrel, a clutch shaft capable of moving in the axial direction is provided between an inner wall of the body housing and an outer wall of the connecting shaft, a fifth spur gear is provided on a top portion of an outer wall of the clutch shaft, a sixth spur gear is provided on a lower portion of an outer wall of the clutch shaft, a seventh spur gear is provided on a bottom portion of an outer wall of the clutch shaft, and the seventh spur gear is engaged with the third inner spur gear; the clutch shaft can drive the thread cylinder to rotate clockwise or anticlockwise.
5. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 4, wherein the clutch shaft has axially spaced first, second and third operating positions;
a fourth inner straight gear is arranged at the bottom end of the inner wall of the connecting cylinder, the clutch shaft moves upwards to a first working position where the fifth straight gear is meshed with the fourth inner straight gear, and the connecting cylinder is meshed with the fifth straight gear through the fourth inner straight gear and is meshed with the third inner straight gear through the seventh straight gear to drive the threaded cylinder to rotate in the same direction relative to the connecting cylinder;
the clutch shaft moves downwards until the fifth straight gear is separated from the fourth inner straight gear and the sixth straight gear is separated from the fourth straight gear to form a second working position;
the clutch shaft moves downwards to a third working position where the fifth straight gear is disengaged from the fourth inner straight gear, the sixth straight gear is meshed with the fourth straight gear, and the connecting shaft is meshed with the fourth straight gear through the sixth straight gear and the seventh straight gear is meshed with the third inner straight gear to drive the threaded cylinder to reversely rotate relative to the connecting shaft.
6. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 3, wherein the guide wheel, the connecting cylinder, and the threaded cylinder are rotatably mounted on the inner wall of the body housing by suspension balls.
7. The directional rotary steerable drilling tool of claim 1, wherein the body housing has a second spherical recess formed in a bottom thereof, and the bit holder has a bit holder head pivotably attached to a top thereof; the bottom of the body shell is provided with a petal groove, the drill bit seat is sleeved with a lower petal shell, and the top end of the lower petal shell is provided with an outer petal convex part which can form a petal connection with the petal groove and can swing.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201910931968.9A CN110671050B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Directional rotary steering drilling tool |
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| CN201910931968.9A CN110671050B (en) | 2019-09-29 | 2019-09-29 | Directional rotary steering drilling tool |
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| CN113073939B (en) * | 2021-03-31 | 2022-04-29 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Inward-pushing directional rotary steering drilling tool |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US6092610A (en) * | 1998-02-05 | 2000-07-25 | Schlumberger Technology Corporation | Actively controlled rotary steerable system and method for drilling wells |
| JPH11280367A (en) * | 1998-03-30 | 1999-10-12 | Raito Kogyo Co Ltd | Directive boring device with eccentric type pit bending mechanism and directive boring method using the same |
| US6364034B1 (en) * | 2000-02-08 | 2002-04-02 | William N Schoeffler | Directional drilling apparatus |
| AR034780A1 (en) * | 2001-07-16 | 2004-03-17 | Shell Int Research | MOUNTING OF ROTATING DRILL AND METHOD FOR DIRECTIONAL DRILLING |
| US7445059B1 (en) * | 2005-01-05 | 2008-11-04 | Falgout Sr Thomas E | Drill string deflecting apparatus |
| US9428959B2 (en) * | 2012-11-15 | 2016-08-30 | Robert Charles Southard | Device and method usable in well drilling and other well operations |
| US9580968B2 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2017-02-28 | Bitswave, Inc. | Rotary steerable drilling tool with electromagnetic steering system |
| US9528320B2 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2016-12-27 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Rotary steerable drilling system |
| US10508493B2 (en) * | 2015-07-24 | 2019-12-17 | Ulterra Drilling Technologies | Universal joint |
| CN207988943U (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-10-19 | 西安石油大学 | A kind of high build angle rate rotary steerable drilling device |
| CN110118058B (en) * | 2019-05-21 | 2020-10-13 | 北京工业大学 | Petal type rotary guiding drilling tool |
| CN110185393A (en) * | 2019-05-28 | 2019-08-30 | 西南石油大学 | The drilling tool of rotary steering function is realized using change gear train |
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