CN110485923B - Half-rotation well track control tool - Google Patents
Half-rotation well track control tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN110485923B CN110485923B CN201910844112.8A CN201910844112A CN110485923B CN 110485923 B CN110485923 B CN 110485923B CN 201910844112 A CN201910844112 A CN 201910844112A CN 110485923 B CN110485923 B CN 110485923B
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- short section
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- outer barrel
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- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 abstract description 46
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B44/00—Automatic control systems specially adapted for drilling operations, i.e. self-operating systems which function to carry out or modify a drilling operation without intervention of a human operator, e.g. computer-controlled drilling systems; Systems specially adapted for monitoring a plurality of drilling variables or conditions
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of well drilling in the field of petroleum and natural gas, and particularly relates to a half-rotation well track control tool which is characterized by comprising a shell, a supporting sleeve, an outer barrel, a mechanical clutch short section arranged in the shell, and an electric control short section arranged in the outer barrel, wherein the electric control short section comprises an electronic module, a direct current motor and a telescopic mechanism, the mechanical clutch short section comprises an upper joint, an upper half clutch, a central rod with the bottom part being in threaded connection with the telescopic mechanism, a lower half clutch connected with the upper part of the central rod, an upper pressure cap, a bearing assembly and a sealing assembly, a group of piston claws and a return spring, and the bottom end of the outer barrel is connected. The invention has convenient use and lower cost, can realize reliable and effective track control of the well, has the advantages of complete rotation of the upper pipe column, large abrasion reduction and resistance reduction amplitude and capability of improving the cleaning capability of the well; compared with the rapid sliding drilling, the drilling tool has obvious technical advantages and better economic applicability compared with a rotary steering drilling tool.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of well drilling in the field of petroleum and natural gas, and particularly relates to a half-rotation borehole trajectory control tool.
Background
Along with the development requirements of unconventional oil and gas resources such as shale gas and the like in the middle and later stages of oil field development, the application of a long horizontal section horizontal well, a cluster well, a large displacement well and a five-section directional well is more and more extensive, the problem caused by large friction resistance in the drilling process is particularly prominent, and the extension of the length of the horizontal section and the speed increase of directional drilling are seriously restricted. The conventional guide drilling causes pressure relief due to large friction resistance, the drilling pressure cannot be effectively transmitted to a drill bit, and the problems of instability of a tool face, slow mechanical drilling speed and the like often occur. The rotary steering drilling well can solve the problem of abrasion resistance, but the application is limited to a certain degree due to high cost and strict requirements on the drilling working condition. The fast sliding guide drilling adopts clockwise and anticlockwise mutual rotation drilling string, makes the drilling string last just reversal in certain moment of torsion or corner, and the technique that reduces sliding drilling friction hinders makes the weight of a bit steadily transmit for the drill bit, and the instrument face is stabilized, but the construction needs the cooperation of top drive, and the drilling string is turned round the pendulum and can not stir the detritus of detritus bed fully, and is little to carrying the rock help, and the construction also receives the well depth restriction, can not reduce the friction by a wide margin.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a half-way rotary borehole trajectory control tool, which realizes the functions of rotary feeding of an upper drill column and simultaneous sliding directional drilling of an underground power drilling tool in a torque 'on-off' mode, thereby greatly reducing the friction of the drill column during the sliding directional drilling, relieving the pressure, stabilizing the tool surface, improving the trajectory control capability of a borehole and solving the problems of difficult directional orientation of a directional section of a horizontal well such as a very long horizontal section and low mechanical drilling speed.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a half-rotation well track control tool, which is characterized by comprising a shell, an outer cylinder, a mechanical clutch short section and an electric control short section, wherein the outer cylinder is arranged at the lower part of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell through a supporting sleeve, the mechanical clutch short section is arranged in the shell, the electric control short section is arranged in the outer cylinder, the electric control short section comprises an electronic module, a direct current motor connected with the electronic module, and a telescopic mechanism connected with the output end of the direct current motor,
the mechanical clutch short section comprises an upper joint, an upper half clutch which is arranged below the upper joint and is in threaded connection with the upper joint, a central rod of which the bottom is in threaded connection with the telescopic mechanism, a lower half clutch which is connected with the upper part of the central rod, an upper pressing cap, a bearing assembly and a sealing assembly which are arranged between the upper joint and the shell, a group of piston claws arranged on the supporting sleeve, and a return spring arranged at a gap between the supporting sleeve and a shaft shoulder at the upper part of the central rod,
the lower clutch is provided with an external spline, the inner wall of the shell is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline is matched with the external spline,
the bottom end of the outer barrel is connected with a lower joint, and the electronic module is connected with a ground control center.
The electronic module is connected with a battery bin, and the electronic module and the battery bin are fixed in the outer barrel through a supporting seat.
And an overflowing ring is arranged at the battery bin.
The bearing assembly includes a plain bearing and a thrust roller bearing.
The central rod is a diameter-variable rod with the diameter of the upper part larger than that of the lower part.
The invention has the advantages that:
the half-rotation well track control tool is convenient to use, low in cost and capable of realizing reliable and effective well track control, the upper pipe column of the half-rotation well track control tool is completely rotated, the abrasion and resistance reducing range is large, and the well cleaning capacity can be improved; the application is not limited by well depth and well type, and is suitable for extended reach wells, long horizontal section horizontal wells, complex deep wells and slim hole side drilling; compared with the rapid sliding drilling, the drilling tool has obvious technical advantages and better economic applicability compared with a rotary steering drilling tool.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the torque clutch of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figures 1 and 2, the half-rotation borehole trajectory control tool is characterized by comprising a shell 1-8, an outer cylinder 2-1 which is arranged at the lower part of the shell 1-8 and fixedly connected with the shell 1-8 through a support sleeve 1-11, a mechanical clutch short section arranged in the shell 1-8, an electric control short section arranged in the outer cylinder 2-1, wherein the electric control short section comprises an electronic module 2-4, a direct current motor 2-3 connected with the electronic module 2-4, and a telescopic mechanism 2-2 connected with the output end of the direct current motor 2-3,
the mechanical clutch short section comprises an upper joint 1-1, an upper half clutch 1-6 which is arranged below the upper joint 1-1 and is in threaded connection with the upper joint 1-1, a central rod 1-12 of which the bottom is in threaded connection with the telescopic mechanism 2-2, a lower half clutch 1-7 which is connected with the upper part of the central rod 1-12, an upper pressure cap 1-2, a bearing assembly and a sealing combination 1-5 which are arranged between the upper joint 1-1 and the shell 1-8, a group of piston claws 1-10 which are arranged on a support sleeve 1-11, and a return spring 1-9 which is arranged at the gap between the support sleeve 1-11 and the shaft shoulder at the upper part of the central rod 1-12,
the lower clutch 1-7 is provided with an external spline, the inner wall of the shell 1-8 is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline is matched with the external spline,
the bottom end of the outer barrel 2-1 is connected with a lower joint 2-8, and the electronic module 2-4 is connected with a ground control center.
The electronic module 2-4 is connected with a battery bin 2-6, and the electronic module 2-4 and the battery bin 2-6 are fixed in the outer barrel 2-1 through a supporting seat 2-5.
And an overflowing ring 2-7 is arranged at the position of the battery bin 2-6.
The bearing assembly comprises a sliding bearing 1-3 and a thrust roller bearing 1-4.
The central rods 1-12 are diameter-variable rods with the upper diameter larger than the lower diameter.
The half-rotation borehole trajectory control tool comprises a mechanical clutch short section and an electric control short section, wherein the mechanical clutch short section is arranged on the upper portion and the electric control short section is arranged on the lower portion as shown in figure 1. The electric control short section has the function of regularly shunting and relieving pressure through a pneumatic bypass valve arranged on a vertical pipe in a mode similar to a rotary steering ground signal instruction, sending an instruction to an underground electronic control module, and driving an actuating mechanism to realize torque clutch after the electronic module 2-4 receives the instruction. The mechanical clutch short section has the function that after receiving the instruction of the electric control unit, the clutch short section realizes two working states of 'disengagement' and 'locking' of the torque of the drilling tool through a mechanical mechanism.
According to the drilling working condition, when the half-rotation electric control guiding drilling tool needs to act, the ground sends a group of instructions, the instructions are transmitted to an electronic module 2-4 in the electric control short section, the electronic module 2-4 receives the instructions and then drives a direct current motor 2-3 to drive a telescopic mechanism 2-2 to achieve the locking function of stretching in the locking action and after the action, the telescopic mechanism 2-2 is connected with a central rod 1-12 in the mechanical clutch short section through threads, and then the pushing and pulling action of the central rod 1-12 is achieved. After the electric quantity set by the electronic control unit is lower than 20%, the clutch is forcibly closed and does not act any more, so that the situation that the clutch cannot be closed after being separated is prevented.
When the torque of an upper drill string needs to be transmitted downwards, the electric control short section pushes the central rod 1-12 upwards to drive the lower half clutch 1-7 to move upwards and be meshed with the upper half clutch 1-6 to realize the transmission of the torque, meanwhile, 3 piston claws 1-10 arranged on the supporting sleeve 1-11 are retracted into the supporting sleeve 1-11 through the conical surface reducing area of the central rod 1-12, as shown in the attached figure 2(b), the upper half clutch 1-6 is connected with the upper connector 1-1 through threads, the torque of the upper drill string is transmitted to the upper half clutch 1-6 through the upper connector 1-1 and then transmitted to the lower half clutch 1-7. The lower half clutch 1-7 is provided with an external spline, the inner wall of the shell 1-8 is provided with an internal spline, the torque can be transmitted to the shell 1-8 through the lower half clutch 1-7 through the matching of the internal spline and the external spline, and the shell 1-8 transmits the torque to the lower joint 2-8, so that the torque transmission is completed.
When the torque of an upper drill string does not need to be transmitted downwards, the electric control short section pulls the central rod 1-12 downwards to drive the lower half clutch 1-7 to move downwards to be separated from the upper half clutch 1-6 to realize torque disconnection, meanwhile, the piston claw 1-10 arranged on the support sleeve 1-11 radially extends out of the conical surface reducing area of the central rod 1-12 to be supported on a well wall, as shown in figure 2(a), the torque of the upper half clutch 1-6 is kept at the upper part through the bearing combination and is not transmitted to the lower half clutch 1-7. Meanwhile, the thrust roller bearings 1-4 can also transmit the bit pressure downwards. The rotary bit feeding of the upper drill column can be realized, the piston claws 1-10 extend out and are supported on the well wall, the reaction torque of the underground power drilling tool is balanced, and the underground power drilling tool has the function of simultaneously performing sliding directional drilling. If the tool surface needs to be adjusted in the directional drilling process, the ground sends a command to start the clutch to close, torque transmission is realized, and at the moment, the tool surface can be swung by the ground corotation pipe column. After the tool face is set, the clutch is separated, the upper drilling tool can continue to rotate, and the screw drilling tool drills in a directional mode.
Examples
An 81/2' well bore is conventionally drilled in a horizontal section using a downhole motor assembly, and a half-turn wellbore trajectory control tool is installed in the drill string at a distance from the rear end of the downhole motor. A group of bypass valve shunting pressure relief signals with a certain time interval are sent out by the ground and are transmitted to the half-stroke rotary well track control tool, and a pressure sensor arranged in an underground electronic control unit of the tool drives a direct current motor 2-3 to act after receiving a pressure change signal, so that a central rod 1-12 is driven to move upwards. The upper half clutch 1-6 and the lower half clutch 1-7 are separated, so that the pipe column can rotate up and down without rotation. At the moment, the rotary table can normally rotate at a certain rotating speed, the driller feeds the drill at a small bit pressure, and whether the tool surface is stable or not is observed. If the tool surface is stable, the half-rotation track control tool is in a departing state, and the bit pressure can be increased to carry out conventional sliding guide drilling. After the directional section is opened, another set of pump starting and stopping signals are sent to the ground, and a pressure sensor arranged in the underground electronic control unit drives the direct current motor 2-3 to act after receiving the pressure change signals, so as to drive the central rod 1-12 to move downwards. The upper half clutch 1-6 and the lower half clutch 1-7 are locked, so that the pipe column rotates up and down, and composite drilling can be performed. The sliding directional drilling and the composite drilling can be switched in real time by sending an instruction on the ground, and the working state of the half-rotation track control tool can be judged by the change of the torque of the turntable and the stability of the tool surface when the turntable rotates. If the tool surface deflects during directional drilling, a command can be sent from the ground to close the half clutch, the tool surface can be swung from the wellhead, the clutch is disengaged after the tool surface is swung, and the upper drilling tool rotates to feed the drilling tool and the lower drilling tool slides to directionally drill.
The half-rotation well track control tool is convenient to use, low in cost and capable of realizing reliable and effective well track control, the upper pipe column of the half-rotation well track control tool is completely rotated, the abrasion and resistance reducing range is large, and the well cleaning capacity can be improved; the application is not limited by well depth and well type, and is suitable for extended reach wells, long horizontal section horizontal wells, complex deep wells and slim hole side drilling; compared with the rapid sliding drilling, the drilling tool has obvious technical advantages and better economic applicability compared with a rotary steering drilling tool.
Claims (5)
1. A half-rotation borehole trajectory control tool is characterized by comprising a shell, an outer barrel, a mechanical clutch short section and an electric control short section, wherein the outer barrel is arranged at the lower part of the shell and is fixedly connected with the shell through a support sleeve, the mechanical clutch short section is arranged in the shell, the electric control short section is arranged in the outer barrel and comprises an electronic module, a direct current motor connected with the electronic module, and a telescopic mechanism connected with the output end of the direct current motor,
the mechanical clutch short section comprises an upper joint, an upper half clutch which is arranged below the upper joint and is in threaded connection with the upper joint, a central rod of which the bottom is in threaded connection with the telescopic mechanism, a lower half clutch which is connected with the upper part of the central rod, an upper pressing cap, a bearing assembly and a sealing assembly which are arranged between the upper joint and the shell, a group of piston claws arranged on the supporting sleeve, and a return spring arranged at a gap between the supporting sleeve and a shaft shoulder at the upper part of the central rod,
the lower clutch is provided with an external spline, the inner wall of the shell is provided with an internal spline, the internal spline is matched with the external spline,
the bottom end of the outer barrel is connected with a lower joint, and the electronic module is connected with a ground control center.
2. The tool of claim 1, wherein the electronic module is connected to a battery compartment, and the electronic module and the battery compartment are fixed in the outer barrel through a support seat.
3. The tool of claim 2, wherein the battery compartment is provided with an overflow ring.
4. The tool of claim 1, wherein the bearing assembly comprises a plain bearing and a thrust roller bearing.
5. The tool of claim 1, wherein the central rod is a tapered rod having an upper diameter greater than a lower diameter.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910844112.8A CN110485923B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Half-rotation well track control tool |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201910844112.8A CN110485923B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Half-rotation well track control tool |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN110485923A CN110485923A (en) | 2019-11-22 |
| CN110485923B true CN110485923B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201910844112.8A Active CN110485923B (en) | 2019-09-06 | 2019-09-06 | Half-rotation well track control tool |
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| CN110748296B (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2024-05-31 | 长江大学 | Mechanical pointing type rotary steering drilling tool |
| CN111287658B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2024-07-19 | 西南石油大学 | Full-rotation guiding drilling tool control pup joint and control method thereof |
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| CN111734363B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-02-18 | 合力（天津）能源科技股份有限公司 | Underground clutch |
| WO2022033610A1 (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-17 | 万晓跃 | Short radius, controllable track drilling tool and composite guiding and drilling tool |
| CN114352654A (en) * | 2020-10-13 | 2022-04-15 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Drilling tool clutch device |
| CN113047772A (en) * | 2021-03-12 | 2021-06-29 | 西南石油大学 | Tool and method for performing directional operation in cooperation with downhole power drilling tool |
| CN113882847B (en) * | 2021-09-27 | 2024-03-26 | 北京六合伟业科技股份有限公司 | Downhole tool face adjusting device |
| CN114109251B (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2023-08-22 | 西南石油大学 | Control device for composite directional drilling and use method |
| CN114110035B (en) * | 2022-01-27 | 2022-06-07 | 合力（天津）能源科技股份有限公司 | Hydraulic clutch |
| CN115822451B (en) * | 2022-06-28 | 2024-03-22 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Disengageable directional drilling tool assembly structure and directional drilling method |
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Effective date of registration: 20201021 Address after: No. 6, liupukang, Xicheng District, Beijing 100120 Applicant after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Applicant after: China National Petroleum Corporation Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. Address before: 124010 Xinglongtai, Liaoning Province, oil street, No. 96, No. Applicant before: China National Petroleum Corporation Great Wall Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd. |
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