CN202673145U

CN202673145U - Guide apparatus used in rotary drilling

Info

Publication number: CN202673145U
Application number: CN 201220335407
Authority: CN
Inventors: 钱顺利; 王国祥
Original assignee: SHANGHAI KINFRAND MACHINERY MANUFACTURER CO Ltd
Current assignee: SHANGHAI KINFRAND MACHINERY MANUFACTURER CO Ltd
Priority date: 2012-07-11
Filing date: 2012-07-11
Publication date: 2013-01-16
Anticipated expiration: 2022-07-11

Abstract

The utility model discloses a guide apparatus used in rotary drilling, which comprises a rotating shaft, a hexagonal cylinder sleeve and a reducing sleeve. An upper connector and a lower connector which are respectively connected with a drill bit and a drilling rig are arranged at the two ends of the rotating shaft. The hexagonal cylinder sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft and is connected with the upper connector through screw threads. A limiting piston ring is arranged at one end of the hexagonal cylinder sleeve and is matched with the hexagonal cylinder sleeve so as to form a high pressure oil cavity. The reducing sleeve is sleeved on the rotating shaft at one side of the hexagonal cylinder sleeve through a bearing. A pair of flanges used for deflecting is arranged on the reducing sleeve. A flange driving mechanism used for controlling the flange to be put up and retract is arranged on the flanges, and the oil supply of the flanges is controlled through the high pressure oil cavity. A locking mechanism used for controlling the rotating shaft to be locked or disengaged with the reducing sleeve is arranged on the rotating shaft, and the oil supply of the locking mechanism is also controlled through the high pressure oil cavity. The guide apparatus feeds the drilling bit automatically through pressure difference and controls the putting up of the flange through the oil pressure at the same time so as to control the cutting track of the drilling bit. The guide apparatus has the advantages that the drilling efficiency is high, the work intensity is low, the quality of the well track is good, the risk of downhole accidents is greatly reduced, and the like.

Description

A kind of rotary drilling guider

Technical field

The utility model relates to the machine tool in oil drilling field, more particularly, relates to a kind of rotary drilling guider.

Background technology

Late 1990s, begin to develop the rotary drilling system abroad, the PowerDrive (rotary steerable drilling system) of Si Lunbeixie (Schlumberger) wherein, Bake Hughes's (Baker Hughes) AUTO-TRACK(downhole closed loop automatic following control system) and the SDD system (vertical drilling device) of the common development of ENI-Agip (ENI-Agip) and Bake Hughes comparatively successful, domestic the rotary drilling system is classified as 863 brainstorm projects, only have the rotary steerable drilling system of Shengli Oil Field drilling well institute development to begin underground trials, our rotary drilling guider that began one's study in 1996, tool construction and principle are comparatively ripe at present.

The PowerDrive (rotary steerable drilling system) of Si Lunbeixie (Schlumberger) is three hydraulic piston wing plates at drilling tool axle design 120 degree angles, wing plate all rotates with axle, main supply opening of inner via hole design at the drilling tool axle, main supply opening does not rotate with the drilling tool axle, but can control with the control device that the mud-pulse form reaches main supply opening by the ground signal of telecommunication, can 360 degree adjust the orientation of main supply opening, the stamper of main supply opening has three fluid pipelines, logical three hydraulic pistons, give wing plate piston feed flow, main supply opening and its stamper can rotate under sealing state mutually, main supply opening can be accepted surface instruction and turn the orientation, do not rotate with drilling tool, and three branched pipes rotate with drilling tool, whenever turn around and dock once with main supply opening respectively, make piston promote wing plate, produce the side cutting power of drill bit, if want drill bit to Due South to creeping into, main supply opening should be transferred to positive north, each wing plate forwards north to just by feed flow once like this, give a drill bit side direction smear metal power to the south, reach the purpose of control well track.This instrument uses at the XJ24-3-A18 well in China Nanhai Xijiang oil field, this well design well depth 8800m, horizontal movement 7500m, save 10 days drilling periods with PowerDrive, after removing PowerDrive daily rental fee tens thousand of dollars every day, still save 5,000,000 yuan of drilling costs, but the wing plate well accident that falls appears in second mouthful of well.Its major defect is: 1, control system is complicated, and difficulty of processing is large.2, the instrument cost is high, and a cover is wanted more than 1,000 ten thousand dollars.3, wing plate is followed drilling tool to turn and is easily caused the well accident.

The shortcoming that turns with drilling tool in order to overcome wing plate, the Bake Hughes has designed AUTO-TRACK(downhole closed loop automatic following control system), AUTO-TRACK the design of three wing plates on rotary steering supporting positive cover not, the righting-oriented cover contacts by bearing with the drilling tool axle, can mutually rotate, the liquid feeding channel of three wing plates is controlled by electronic valve, ground can be by the unlatching of mud-pulse controlled in wireless electronic valve, wireless measuring system is arranged on the instrument, form closed loop with ground command system, driving shaft turns during work, and the righting-oriented cover does not turn the same PowerDrive of TRAJECTORY CONTROL principle.But the shortcoming of its existence is: 1, difficulty of processing is large, and cost is high.2, on-the-spot use cost is high.3, hydraulic seal and electronic valve are perishable, and life tools are short.

And SDD system (vertical drilling device) operating principle and structure and AUTO-TRACK are basic identical, just axle and not the rotary steering supporting positive cover can lock together rotation.

The utility model content

For the above-mentioned shortcoming that exists in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of rotary drilling guider, can directly drive drilling well by rotating disk, hydraulic pressure transfer the pressure of the drill, the pressure of the drill is steady, and drilling efficiency is high, labour intensity is low, and the well track quality is good, can prevent drilling tool accident simultaneously.

For achieving the above object, the utility model adopts following technical scheme:

This rotary drilling guider comprises axis of rotation, six side's oil cylinders cover and reducing cover, and the two ends of axis of rotation are respectively equipped with lower contact and the top connection that links to each other with drill bit, drilling tool; Six side's oil cylinder covers are sheathed on the axis of rotation, and are connected with top connection by screw thread, and six side's oil cylinders overlap an end and are provided with the limiting piston ring that is mated the formation high-voltage oil cavity; The reducing cover is located at six side's oil cylinders by bearing holder (housing, cover) and is overlapped on the axis of rotation of a side, reducing puts and also is provided with a pair of wing plate in order to deflecting, wing plate is provided with the wing plate driving mechanism that the control wing plate is propped, retracted, and by the control of high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding, also be provided with on the axis of rotation in order to overlap the locking mechanism of the control that locks mutually, gets loose with reducing, also controlled by the high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding.

Form the oil supply gallery that is communicated with high-voltage oil cavity between described limiting piston ring, reducing cover and the axis of rotation, described six side's oil cylinder covers are with the top connection uplink and downlink, with the compression high-voltage oil cavity, and by the fuel feeding control of oil supply gallery realization to wing plate driving mechanism and locking mechanism.

Described reducing puts and offers a pair of wing plate mounting groove, and described a pair of wing plate is divided in the corresponding wing plate mounting groove, and described wing plate driving mechanism comprises wing plate piston rod and wing plate piston, and wing plate is connected with the reducing cover by the wing plate piston rod.

The wing plate driving mechanism quantity of described each wing plate is one or more.

Described locking mechanism comprises lock piston and spring, described axis of rotation is provided with the piston mounting groove, described reducing puts and is provided with the latch recess that communicates with oil supply gallery, lock piston one end is located in the piston mounting groove by spring, and the other end inserts in the latch recess.

One end of described axis of rotation is provided with clamp nut, is provided with successively limiting piston and hydraulic control valve between clamp nut and the six side's oil cylinders cover.

Between described six side's oil cylinders cover and the limiting piston ring, reducing overlaps and limiting piston ring, axis of rotation between also be provided with seal.

In technique scheme, rotary drilling guider of the present utility model comprises axis of rotation, six side's oil cylinders cover and reducing cover, and the two ends of axis of rotation are respectively equipped with lower contact and the top connection that links to each other with drill bit, drilling tool; Six side's oil cylinder covers are sheathed on the axis of rotation, and are connected with top connection by screw thread, and six side's oil cylinders overlap an end and are provided with the limiting piston ring that is mated the formation high-voltage oil cavity; The reducing cover is located at six side's oil cylinders by bearing holder (housing, cover) and is overlapped on the axis of rotation of a side, reducing puts and also is provided with a pair of wing plate in order to deflecting, wing plate is provided with the wing plate driving mechanism that the control wing plate is propped, retracted, and by the control of high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding, also be provided with on the axis of rotation in order to overlap the locking mechanism of the control that locks mutually, gets loose with reducing, also controlled by the high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding.This guider is controlled propping of wing plate by oil pressure by the pressure reduction automatic bit feed time, thus control bit cutting track, and it is high to have a drilling efficiency, and labour intensity is low, and the well track quality is good, greatly reduces the advantages such as down-hole accident risk.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of guider of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of guider of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of reducing cover of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is the radial cross-section of reducing cover of the present utility model;

Fig. 5 is the structural representation of wing plate of the present utility model;

Fig. 6 is the enlarged diagram of locking mechanism of the present utility model;

Fig. 7 is force analysis figure of the present utility model;

Fig. 8 is use view of the present utility model.

The specific embodiment

Further specify the technical solution of the utility model below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.

Please in conjunction with Fig. 1～shown in Figure 5, rotary drilling guider 100 of the present utility model mainly comprises axis of rotation 13, six side's oil cylinders cover 4 and reducing cover 8, wherein, axis of rotation 13 is the passages that connect drilling tool, form high-pressure slurry, also be the carrier of reducing cover 8 and six side's oil cylinders cover 4, the two ends of axis of rotation 13 are respectively equipped with lower contact 16 and the top connection 1 that links to each other with drill bit, drilling tool; Six side's oil cylinders cover 4 is sheathed on the axis of rotation 13, and the one end is connected with top connection 1 by screw thread, and six side's oil cylinders overlap 4 other ends and are provided with the limiting piston ring 5 that is mated formation high-voltage oil cavity 17; Reducing cover 8 is sheathed on the axis of rotation 13 that six side's oil cylinders overlap 4 one sides, and set up rotation relation by upper taper roll bearing 6 and lower taper roll bearing 11 and axis of rotation 13, also be provided with a pair of wing plate 7 in order to deflecting on six side's oil cylinders cover 4, wing plate 7 is provided with the wing plate driving mechanism that control wing plate 7 is propped, retracted, and by the control of high-voltage oil cavity 17 fuel feeding, also be provided with on the axis of rotation 13 in order to overlap 8 locking mechanisms 14 that lock mutually, get loose and control with reducing, also controlled by high-voltage oil cavity 17 fuel feeding.

The oil supply gallery 18 that formation is communicated with high-voltage oil cavity 17 between described limiting piston ring 5, reducing cover 8 and the axis of rotation 13, described six side's oil cylinders cover 4 is with top connection 1 uplink and downlink, with compression high-voltage oil cavity 17, and by the fuel feeding control of oil supply gallery 18 realizations to wing plate driving mechanism and locking mechanism 14.

Offer a pair of wing plate mounting groove 19 on the described reducing cover 8, described a pair of wing plate 7 is divided in the corresponding wing plate mounting groove 19, described wing plate driving mechanism comprises wing plate piston rod 10 and wing plate piston 9, and wing plate 7 is connected with reducing cover 8 by wing plate piston rod 10.The wing plate driving mechanism quantity of described each wing plate 7 can be for one or more, and the quantity of the wing plate driving mechanism shown in Fig. 1 is three.

One end of described axis of rotation links by spiral shell and is equipped with clamp nut 2, is provided with successively limiting piston 3 and hydraulic control valve 5 between clamp nut 2 and the six side's oil cylinders cover 4.Axis of rotation is under the effect of mud fluid column pressure, and there are a pressure reduction (having more than the 6MPa) in drilling tool internal volume and annular space, and this pressure reduction can produce nearly 10 tons the pressure of the drill to drill bit, breaks rock and creeps into.Six side's oil cylinders cover 4 limits with the stroke that is connected limiting piston of top connection 1, the drilling tool weight of transmitting along with top connection 1, promoting six side's oil cylinders overlaps 4 descending, oil in the compressing high-voltage oil cavity 17, make high-voltage oil cavity 17 produce oil pressure, when oil pressure reached the spool that promotes hydraulic control valve 5, hydraulic control valve 5 was opened, by wing plate piston 9 fuel feeding of oil supply gallery 18 to reducing cover 8.

This hydraulic control valve 15 is stopping means that bidirectional hydraulic drives, when promoting limiting piston 3, the oil pressure rising moves ahead, and leading nearly 45 degree of rotation under the rule effect, enter spacing seat, oil supply gallery 18 is opened, add oil pressure again after, under the effect of pump pressure and head of liquid, limiting piston 3 returns, oil supply gallery 18 are closed (with the spacing principle of ball pen).

Above-mentioned reducing cover 8 is parents of wing plate 7, during work, overcomes the rotational resistances such as bearing under wing plate 7 and the effect of wall friction power, guarantees that wing plate 7 moves up and down with well depth, does not rotate with drilling tool.The operating principle of wing plate 7 is the instruments that form nearly drill bit stable orientation fulcrum, gives and bores first side cutting component, does not rotate when work.The wing plate driving mechanism is by pressing down drilling tool, make to produce oil pressure in the chamber of six side's oil cylinders cover 4 and limiting piston ring 5 and control by hydraulic control valve 15, on when carrying drilling tool, oil pressure release can make wing plate 7 returns.

Please in conjunction with shown in Figure 6, described locking mechanism 14 comprises lock piston 20 and spring 21, described axis of rotation 13 is provided with piston mounting groove 22, described reducing cover 8 is provided with the latch recess 23 that communicates with oil supply gallery 18, lock piston 20 1 ends are located in the piston mounting groove 22 by spring 21, and the other end inserts in the latch recess 23.In the situation that without oil pressure, be subjected to spring 21 effects, can realize the locking of turning cylinder 13 and reducing cover 8, can adjust by dial rotation the direct bearing of guider 100, when oil pressure was arranged, piston was subjected to the oil pressure effect groove 23 that goes out of lock, thereby removed the locking of turning cylinder 13 and reducing cover 8, under borehole wall rotary resistance effect, can guarantee that the direct bearing of wing plate 7 is constant.

And wing plate 7 is interlock control with locking mechanism 14 by oil pressure, namely wing plate 7 is paid when oil pressure is arranged, locking mechanism 14 returns, latch-release, wing plate 7 does not rotate with drilling tool together with reducing cover 8, instrument is in the deflecting state, by the pressure of the drill control oil pressure, can control arbitrarily the expenditure degree of wing plate 7.And during without oil pressure, wing plate 7 resets, and under spring 21 effects, lock piston 20 ejects, turning cylinder 13 and reducing cover 8 is fixed by lock pin, can not mutually rotate, and reducing cover 8 rotates with turning cylinder 13, instrument is in the hold angle state, and limiting piston ring 5 is the vitals that two bearings are fixed and regulate oil pressure and the pressure of the drill relation.And the maximum of wing plate 7 expenditure degree can prevent that the expenditure degree is large by 10 controls of wing plate piston rod, causes the fixedly destruction of wing plate 7 and produces down-hole accident.

In addition, between described six side's oil cylinders cover 4 and limiting piston ring 5, between reducing cover 8 and limiting piston ring 5, the axis of rotation 13, also be provided with seal, in order to guarantee sealing performance, avoid leakage.

Please in conjunction with Fig. 7～shown in Figure 8, guider 100 of the present utility model is exactly the fulcrum that forms a stable orientation at nearly drill bit point, and to 200 1 side cutting power of drill bit F, the expenditure degree of the size of F and wing plate 7, hardness and the oil pressure on stratum are relevant, after hole deviation is arranged, under gravitational effect, the drill bit cross component force that drilling tool weight produces and the point action of wing plate 7, drilling tool is produced crooked, increased the deflecting ability of instrument.And this guider 100 is directly installed on the drill bit 200, on connect non magnetic drill collar and conventional drilling tool, with the same drilled straight well of conventional drilling mode, but the pressure of the drill is less than 8 tons, and when increasing the pressure of the drill greater than 12 ton hours, top connection 1 is descending, drives six side's oil cylinders and overlaps 4 descending, and with the high-voltage oil cavity 17 interior generation oil pressure of limiting piston ring 5, oil pressure forces 9 actions of wing plate piston, promotes wing plate 7 expenditures, forms nearly drill bit fulcrum, thereby so that bit cutting track off-axis, the instrument deflecting creeps into; And below reducing the pressure of the drill to 8 ton the time, oil pressure returns zero, and under the effect of mud fluid column pressure, wing plate 7 returns, nearly drill bit fulcrum disappear, the instrument angle holding drilling.

In sum, guider 100 of the present utility model can be applicable to the hole trajectory control of all drilling wells and underground pipeline and pass through hole trajectory control with other types.The hard formation benefit is more obvious, is the rotation deflecting tool, can directly drive directed drilling with rotating disk, mud purification is not required, need not pull out of hole and change the incompatible control well eye of drill set track, drilling efficiency is high, labour intensity is low, and the well track quality is good, greatly reduces the risk of down-hole accident.Therefore, can be described as the revolution of wellbore trace control technology, also is the National 863 key research projects, has overcome the existing many difficult points of prior art and bottleneck.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment illustrates the utility model, and be not to be used as restriction of the present utility model, as long as in connotation scope of the present utility model, all will drop in claims scope of the present utility model variation, the modification of the above embodiment.

Claims

1. rotary drilling guider is characterized in that:

Comprise axis of rotation, six side's oil cylinders cover and reducing cover, the two ends of axis of rotation are respectively equipped with lower contact and the top connection that links to each other with drill bit, drilling tool; Six side's oil cylinder covers are sheathed on the axis of rotation, and are connected with top connection by screw thread, and six side's oil cylinders overlap an end and are provided with the limiting piston ring that is mated the formation high-voltage oil cavity; The reducing cover is located at six side's oil cylinders by bearing holder (housing, cover) and is overlapped on the axis of rotation of a side, reducing puts and also is provided with a pair of wing plate in order to deflecting, wing plate is provided with the wing plate driving mechanism that the control wing plate is propped, retracted, and by the control of high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding, also be provided with on the axis of rotation in order to overlap the locking mechanism of the control that locks mutually, gets loose with reducing, also controlled by the high-voltage oil cavity fuel feeding.

2. rotary drilling guider as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

3. rotary drilling guider as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

4. such as each described rotary drilling guider in the claim 1～3, it is characterized in that:

5. rotary drilling guider as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that:

6. rotary drilling guider as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:

7. rotary drilling guider as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: