CN1153640C - 车床 - Google Patents

车床 Download PDF

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CN1153640C
CN1153640C CNB008094713A CN00809471A CN1153640C CN 1153640 C CN1153640 C CN 1153640C CN B008094713 A CNB008094713 A CN B008094713A CN 00809471 A CN00809471 A CN 00809471A CN 1153640 C CN1153640 C CN 1153640C
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凯文·道格拉斯·宾尼
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Bini Engineering Co ltd Trustee Of Bini Engineering Over Value Annuity Foundation AS
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/04—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being arranged to operate simultaneously at different stations, e.g. with an annular work-table moved in steps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23B—TURNING; BORING
    • B23B3/00—General-purpose turning-machines or devices, e.g. centre lathes with feed rod and lead screw; Sets of turning-machines
    • B23B3/30—Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement
    • B23B3/32—Turning-machines with two or more working-spindles, e.g. in fixed arrangement for performing identical operations simultaneously on two or more workpieces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q39/00—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation
    • B23Q39/02—Metal-working machines incorporating a plurality of sub-assemblies, each capable of performing a metal-working operation the sub-assemblies being capable of being brought to act at a single operating station
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
    • B23Q7/10—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of magazines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5104—Type of machine
    • Y10T29/5109—Lathe
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5124—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling with means to feed work intermittently from one tool station to another
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5136—Separate tool stations for selective or successive operation on work
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2511—Vertical
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2514—Lathe with work feeder or remover
    • Y10T82/2516—Magazine type
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2529—Revolvable cutter heads
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T82/00—Turning
    • Y10T82/25—Lathe
    • Y10T82/2531—Carriage feed
    • Y10T82/2533—Control

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
  • Automatic Tool Replacement In Machine Tools (AREA)
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  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
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  • Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)

Abstract

车床(10)包括一个支撑结构(12)，该支撑结构将料箱(14)支撑在基本竖直的工作方向上。料箱(14)可旋转地支撑在托架(24)上，该料箱是一个多层盒体，上面支撑着多个工件。工作台顶盖(40)安装在箱体(18)上。工作台顶盖包含多个工作台(46)。每一个工作台顶盖都含有多个刀具。

Description

车床
发明领域
本发明涉及一种机床，特别是，涉及一种车床。
发明概述
根据本发明，提供一种车床，包括：
支撑结构；
固定在支撑结构上的夹持装置，夹持装置为一个可以夹持许多工件的多层盒体形式；
多个工作台，每个工作台对应一个被加工工件，其上放有多个刀具，使用中，每个工作台相对夹持装置有序排列，这样可以在每个工作台上对相关工件按顺序进行不同的加工操作，从而每个工作台上可以同时加工完成成品零件。
支撑结构可包括支撑柱，在支撑柱上可滑动地设置的托架和由托架可转动地支撑的料箱。
支撑结构中可配置一个箱体，箱体包括驱动机构，冷却液池等。
工作台顶盖安装在箱体上，工组台顶盖确定一个或每个工作台。工作台顶盖在箱体上可移动地设置。首先，顶盖可以相对箱体转动，以方便工作台转换角度。其次，工作台顶盖可以沿夹持装置的纵轴向着和远离箱体移动。
车床可包括配置在工作台顶盖和靠近工作台顶盖的夹持装置的端部之间的控制装置，以便控制将每个工件送至相关的工作台上。
控制装置包括夹持装置，用于可松开地夹持每一个工件；以及旋转装置，用于旋转运送每一工件，以便其进行切削加工。控制装置可进一步包括释放装置，可使工件从夹持装置中释放出来。
夹持装置可包括套爪，用于可松开地夹持每个要加工的工件。每一个套爪都固定安装在行星齿轮上。每一个行星齿轮由箱体中通过驱动电机驱动的中心齿轮带动旋转。因而，旋转装置可包括一个中心齿轮和多个行星齿轮。释放装置可以是装在套爪顶部的气动隔板，或是一个电磁系统。
料箱设计为夹持一套相关的空置工件，并且此外夹持每个加工工件。所谓“加工工件”是指那些正在加工或正要加工的工件。而“空置工件”是指当某些工件，即加工工件在进行切削加工时，其余的那些工件，作为储备被夹持在邻近相关加工工件的位置，等待进行随后的切削操作。这样，加工工件用完后，重新装满料箱的工作也不必经常进行。
如上所述，每一个工作台可包括多个刀具。例如，每个工作台可能包括一个切刀、一个车刀、一个螺纹车刀、一个镗刀和多个钻孔刀具。但是，本领域的技术人员会明白，所选刀具的实际设置将取决于各工件上所进行的加工操作。然而，每个工作台将对刀具作同样的选择。
车床是计算机控制的。因此，控制柜装有控制线路，以在使用时控制车床操作。
附图简述
参照附图用示例的方法描述本发明，其中：
图1是本发明所述车床的三维视图，车床的料箱处于工作位置；
图2是车床的三维视图，料箱处于上料时的非工作位置；
图3是一个车床局部放大的三维主视图；和
图4是车床一部分的放大三维后视图。
实施例详述
附图中，标号10总体代表本发明所述车床。车床10包括支撑结构12，它将料箱14支撑在基本竖直的操作方向上，如图1所示。
支撑结构12包括底板16，箱体18安装在该底板上。箱体18内装有驱动电机、冷却液池，冷却风扇等，通过门20可以接触到这些部件。
支撑柱22安装在底板16上与箱体18邻近的地方。托架24可滑动地安装在支撑柱22上，并通过链驱动装置26(图4)和齿轮电机28进行驱动。电机28通过支架30支撑在支撑柱22上。
料箱14通过包含一个斜齿轮的框架结构32可转动地支撑在托架24上。框架结构32设置在沿料箱14长度方向近似中间的位置。
另外，应当注意到支撑柱22包括两根分离的轨道34，它们中间有一个间隔36，料箱14就安置在这里，如图2所示，以便料箱14加载。料箱14的加载将在以下详细叙述。
料箱14是一个多层盒体，在上面支撑多个工件。在图示的实施例中，料箱14支撑24个工件，工件的形式为杆件38，图中显示了其中的6根杆件38，而且是前面所定义的“加工工件”，其余的杆件是“空置杆件”，这也是前面所定义过的。
车床10包括安装在箱体18上的工作台顶盖40。工作台顶盖40可以沿如箭头42(图3)所示的z轴移动，而且可以相对箱体18在如附图图3中的箭头44所示的水平面或x平面内旋转。
工作台顶盖40确定了多个工作台46。可以理解，有多少加工工件或杆件38，就有同样数量的工作台，就是说，不包括空置工件。因此，在图示的实施例中，6个工作台46在顶盖40上沿圆周方向间隔配置，尽管为清楚起见图中只显示了一个工作台46。
每一个工作台46包括多个刀具，例如，每一个工作台46包括一个切刀、一个车刀、一个螺纹车刀、一个镗刀和多个钻孔刀具，例如，三个钻孔刀具。
控制装置或驱动头48设置在料箱14底部的分度盘50和工作台顶盖40之间。驱动头48运送杆件38给工作台46，并控制杆件38相对工作台46的转动。由于料箱14的竖直方向，需加工的杆件38在重力的作用下被送至工作台46。因而，夹持装置包含在驱动头48内，用于当杆件处于加工位置时夹持杆件38。每一个夹持装置形如套爪，排列在驱动头48内。每个套爪，固定安装在设置于驱动头48内的行星齿轮(未示出)上。行星齿轮安装在中心齿轮的周围，使用时，由中心齿轮通过安装在箱体18中的驱动电机驱动，带动杆件38转动。套爪释放系统52安装在驱动头48上。当套爪释放系统52的弹簧54被隔板56压紧时，套爪打开将杆件38送入相应的工作台46中。应当注意，在附图的图3中，其中一个杆件38，图示中为38.1，在其工作位置上，相对其相关的工作台46，延伸通过驱动头48。
车床10由计算机控制，因而包括控制柜58，相关的处理电路置于其中。操作人员通过控制柜58上的控制面板60操作车床10。可以理解，控制柜58也可以成为箱体的一部分。
使用时，为了加载料箱14，料箱14的分度盘50伸起，与驱动头48上的套爪释放系统52脱离啮合。料箱14然后相对托架24绕框架结构32旋转，直到到达图2中所示的水平方向。杆件38从端部62装入料箱。当所有杆件38，包括空置工件，全部加载后，然后料箱14又竖立至图1所示的竖直位置，这样分度盘50与驱动头48中的套爪释放系统52重新啮合。
料箱14绕其纵轴旋转，直到分度盘50的开孔和驱动头48的套爪释放系统52的开孔对齐。这种情况下，杆件38在重力作用下从相关的套爪中落下。为了控制杆件38相对其相关工作台的放置位置，每个工作台46的切刀放置在杆件38正下方的位置，这样每个被切削的杆件38的端部就落在切刀上。降低工作台顶盖40，同时每个杆件38端部支承在相关的切刀顶部，直到杆件38端部到达需要的相对工作台46的位置。套爪将处于该位置的杆件38夹住，而工作台顶盖40相对箱体18继续降低。然后通过适当选用刀具，操纵工作台顶盖40的运动和通过料箱14的驱动头48控制杆件38的转动，在每个杆件38端部进行各种切削操作。当每次切削操作完成后，工作台顶盖40在x平面转换角度或转动，将下一把刀具放入相对杆件38端部的确切位置，来完成安装那把刀具所要进行的在杆件38端部的切削操作。一旦切削完成，就是说最终零件已经成形，工作台46上所要进行的最后一步操作就是将成品零件从杆件38的剩余部分上切下来，这将由位置保持在杆件38端部下方的切刀完成，这样，当成品零件从杆件38的剩余部分切下来后，套爪松开，杆件38在重力的作用下，重新落在切刀上，正如以上所述，重新进入相对工作台46的工位上。当提供的杆件38用完后，料箱14相对其分度盘50转动，将空置工件与分度盘的每个开孔再次对齐，通过驱动头48将其送至工作台顶盖40。
应当注意到在工作台顶盖40的下面有一个切屑通道64。切屑传送带或板66将切屑送入通道64以清空通道64。清空齿(未示出)安装在通道64上并通过它，由电机驱动，切屑被从通道64中清除。
冷却液从齿轮箱中的平台流在刀具上。这些冷却液来自通过邻近套爪的孔的中心支柱。它的功用就象直接在齿轮箱的轴承上冷却一样。而且，冷却液能够通过切屑台66下方的内部排放口流回箱体18中的冷却液箱。
本发明的一个特别优点是，可以同时对许多工件进行切削。在这方面，应该注意到，根据被加工部件或零件的复杂程度，车床10可以有任意数量的工作台46。由于可以同时加工许多工件，所以可以达到非常高的生产效率，因而导致成本的降低。
本领域的技术人员可以理解，可以对如具体实施例所示的本发明作出许多变型和/或修改，而不偏离本发明所广泛描述的实质和范围。因而，无论如何，本实施例应视为示例性而非限制性。

Claims (8)

1.一种车床，包括：
支撑结构；
固定在支撑结构上的夹持装置，夹持装置为一个可以夹持许多工件的多层料箱形式；
多个工作台，每个工作台对应一个被加工工件，其上放有多个刀具，使用中，每个工作台相对夹持装置有序排列，这样可以在每个工作台上对相关工件按顺序进行不同的加工操作，从而每个工作台上可以同时加工完成成品零件。
2.如权利要求1所述的车床，其特征在于，支撑结构包括支撑零件；在支撑零件上可滑动地设置的托架，和由托架上可转动地支撑的料箱。
3.如权利要求2所述的车床，其特征在于，箱体安置在支撑零件上。
4.如权利要求3所述的车床，其特征在于，工作台顶盖安装在箱体上，工作台顶盖确定每个工作台。
5.如权利要求4所述的车床，其特征在于，工作台顶盖在箱体上可移动地设置。
6.如前述任意一个权利要求所述的车床，其特征在于，包括配置在工作台顶盖和靠近工作台顶盖的夹持装置的端部之间的控制装置，以便控制将每个工件送至相关的工作台上。
7.如权利要求6所述的车床，其特征在于，控制装置包括夹持装置，用于可松开地夹持每一个加工工件；以及旋转装置，用于旋转运送每一加工工件，以便在加工工件上进行切削加工。
8.如权利要求1所述的车床，其特征在于，料箱设计为夹持一套相关的空置工件，并且此外夹持每个加工工件。
CNB008094713A 1999-06-25 2000-06-22 车床 Expired - Fee Related CN1153640C (zh)

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AUPQ1204 1999-06-25
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CN106737477A (zh) * 2017-01-18 2017-05-31 中信戴卡股份有限公司 一种立车夹盘安装架
CN108655430A (zh) * 2017-03-31 2018-10-16 上海新山田精密刀具有限公司 多功能复合刀具
CN116690315B (zh) * 2023-07-25 2024-09-06 杭州京奥遮阳制品有限公司 一种自动上料装夹定位的车削一体机

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CN1358120A (zh) 2002-07-10
WO2001000358A1 (en) 2001-01-04
US6651536B1 (en) 2003-11-25
DE60022349T2 (de) 2006-06-08
EP1198318A1 (en) 2002-04-24
CN1358121A (zh) 2002-07-10
CN1153641C (zh) 2004-06-16
WO2001000359A1 (en) 2001-01-04
HK1048615A1 (en) 2003-04-11
CA2377015A1 (en) 2001-01-04
JP2003503216A (ja) 2003-01-28
JP2003503217A (ja) 2003-01-28
EP1189718A4 (en) 2003-04-02
HK1048615B (zh) 2004-12-17
HK1048275A1 (en) 2003-03-28
CA2377012A1 (en) 2001-01-04
EP1189718A1 (en) 2002-03-27
DE60022349D1 (de) 2005-10-06
US6694849B1 (en) 2004-02-24
EP1189718B1 (en) 2005-08-31
AUPQ120499A0 (en) 1999-07-22
ATE303222T1 (de) 2005-09-15
HK1048275B (zh) 2004-12-17
EP1198318A4 (en) 2003-04-16
CA2377012C (en) 2005-04-12
CA2377015C (en) 2004-09-21

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