CN115362883B - Comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of sloping field - Google Patents
Comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of sloping field Download PDFInfo
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- CN115362883B CN115362883B CN202110548676.4A CN202110548676A CN115362883B CN 115362883 B CN115362883 B CN 115362883B CN 202110548676 A CN202110548676 A CN 202110548676A CN 115362883 B CN115362883 B CN 115362883B
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- sloping field
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/108—Rainwater harvesting
Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of water and soil loss treatment engineering of a sloping field, in particular to a comprehensive water and soil loss treatment method of the sloping field, which comprises the steps of excavating a plurality of water reservoirs on the sloping surface along the sloping surface in an inclined direction, installing drainage devices in the water reservoirs, and planting plants on the surface of the sloping field; the drainage device comprises a drainage plate and a lifting assembly, wherein the drainage plate is positioned in the water storage tank and is communicated with the lifting assembly, the lifting assembly lifts the drainage plate upwards after the water storage tank is fully filled with water once, water in the water storage tank is drained from an opening in the upper portion of the water storage tank and seeps into a sloping field, and then the drainage plate is put down by the lifting assembly to enable the water storage tank to cut off rainwater on the sloping field surface next time. The application can improve the effect of controlling the water and soil loss of the sloping field in rainy season.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of water and soil loss treatment engineering of hillside fields, in particular to a comprehensive water and soil loss treatment method of hillside fields.
Background
Soil erosion includes soil erosion and water loss, and especially soil erosion of hillside fields under the influence of rain wash can be easier, engineering measures and ecological measures are generally adopted in the process of soil erosion treatment of hillside fields, wherein the engineering measures include construction of water blocking ditch ridges, hillside intercepting ditches or terraces, and the ecological measures adopt soil improvement or plant cultivation.
The patent application document with the publication number of CN110326496A discloses a comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field, which comprises the steps of preprocessing the sloping field, excavating a planting ditch and a water storage tank on the preprocessed sloping field, spraying slurry on the planting ditch and the ground surface of the sloping field and planting plants, and increasing the survival rate of the plants through nutrient soil and the water storage tank.
However, in the method, surface water is greatly lost in rainy season, and soil on the surface is easily washed.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field in order to improve the treatment effect on the water and soil loss of the sloping field in a rainy season.
The application provides a comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field comprises the steps of excavating a plurality of water reservoirs on the sloping field surface along the sloping direction of the sloping field surface, installing a drainage device in each water reservoir, and then planting plants on the surface of the sloping field; the drainage device comprises a drainage plate and a lifting assembly, wherein the drainage plate is positioned in the water storage tank and is communicated with the lifting assembly, the lifting assembly lifts the drainage plate upwards after the water storage tank is fully filled with water once, water in the water storage tank is drained from an opening in the upper portion of the water storage tank and seeps into a sloping field, and then the drainage plate is put down by the lifting assembly to enable the water storage tank to cut off rainwater on the sloping field surface next time.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during the use, the tank excavation is on the surface of hillside fields, when the rainwater flows by hillside surface, in time with the rainwater by the tank, and then reduce the erodeing of rainwater, when being in rainy season rainwater more, the water in the tank need be through the drain bar upwards moving under the effect of lifting means, make the water in the tank drain from the upper portion of tank earlier, thereby ooze in the hillside fields, and then in making the tank in time reserve great water storage space, the convenience is to the collection of next rainwater, and then improve the effect of managing hillside fields soil erosion and water loss when rainy season.
Preferably, a filter plate for filtering sediment is arranged at the opening of the water storage tank, and the filter plate comprises a supporting screen plate and filter cloth paved on the supporting screen plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the opening part installation filter of tank, leave the opening part of tank with silt through the filter, when making the tank drainage, can flow the sloping field again with the silt on the filter, reduce the silt and pile up the nutrition loss that causes the sloping field surface in the tank, improve the plant survival rate on sloping field surface.
Preferably, a plurality of stop bars are fixed on the side, located on the higher side of the sloping field, of the water storage pool on the support screen plate, and the stop bars and the sloping field form a foreign matter blocking area.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, form between pin and the sloping field and keep off miscellaneous district to can keep off the great impurity of interception in the miscellaneous district, reduce great impurity and to the jam of filter, improve the filter effect of filter.
Preferably, the inside of sloping field buries a plurality of communicating pipes, and the both ends of communicating pipe are water inlet end and play water end respectively, and water inlet end is higher than water outlet end, and two adjacent rows of aquariums are connected to water inlet end and play water end to the aquariums that water inlet end connects are higher than the aquariums that water outlet end connects, and a plurality of aquariums are communicated in proper order from top to bottom through communicating pipe to water inlet end is provided with the valve plate of switching water inlet end.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect two adjacent water storage tanks of arranging with communicating pipe, and then when the rainwater reaches the maximum in the water storage tank, the rainwater can enter into communicating pipe from the position of water inlet end in, flows in proper order in the water storage tank of below again, reduces the rainwater and flows the washing of sloping field by the sloping surface.
Preferably, the upper side edge of the valve plate is rotationally connected to the side wall of the water storage tank, the middle part of the valve plate is connected with a floating ball through a rope, and the floating ball is positioned in the water storage tank.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the floater is connected at the valve plate middle part, and after the water gathering in the tank, the floater upwards floats, and when the water yield in the tank reached the maximum, the floater passed through the rope and drives the valve plate upwards to rotate, and then makes things convenient for the valve plate to open communicating pipe.
Preferably, a vertical guide rod is fixed below the drain plate, a guide hole is formed in the bottom of the water storage tank, and the lower end of the guide rod is inserted into the guide hole in a matched mode.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the guide bar of drain bar below inserts in the guiding hole to when the drain bar moves in vertical direction, can restrict the direction of drain bar by the guide bar, make the drain bar remove more stably.
Preferably, the lifting assembly comprises a pull rope, a fixed pulley, a winding wheel and a driving motor, the driving motor is arranged on the upper portion of the sloping field, the winding wheel is connected through the driving motor, the fixed pulley is arranged above each water storage tank, one end of the pull rope is fixed on the drain board, and the other end of the pull rope spans the fixed pulley to be fixed on the winding wheel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, during operation of driving motor, driving motor drives the winding wheel and rotates, and the one end of stay cord is fixed on the winding wheel to make the stay cord wind on the winding wheel, the other end of stay cord can take the drain bar vertical upward movement.
Preferably, two adjacent rows of water storages are arranged in a staggered mode, and the interval between two water storages in the same row is smaller than the length of the water storages.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, two row of aquariums dislocation sets each other, and then when the rainwater on hillside fields flows down, the aquariums can be fast to all rainwater cut off, reduces the washing of hillside fields.
Preferably, when the water in the water storage tank is discharged, the water in the water storage tank flows out a part first and then stops, and after the water flowing out of the water storage tank spreads out on the sloping surface and permeates into the sloping field, the water flows out a part again and then stops, and the process is repeated in turn.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, discharge a portion rainwater at every turn can make the rainwater flow out the filter to silt on the filter easily, and then clear up the filter, conveniently uses next time.
Preferably, the lower end of the valve plate extends to the lowest position of the drain plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the lower extreme of valve plate extends to drain bar lowest department, makes the drain bar can be when rising, and the drain bar in time keeps off the valve plate, avoids the rainwater in the tank to be discharged by communicating pipe.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the rainwater is intercepted in time through the water storage tank, so that the scouring of the rainwater is reduced, when the rainwater is more in rainy season, the water in the water storage tank needs to be discharged from the upper part of the water storage tank firstly, so that the water seeps into the sloping field, a larger water storage space is reserved in time in the water storage tank, the next rainwater is conveniently collected, and the effect of controlling the water loss and soil erosion of the sloping field in rainy season is improved;
2. the filter plate is arranged at the opening of the water storage tank, and sediment is reserved at the opening of the water storage tank through the filter plate, so that when the water storage tank drains, the sediment on the filter plate can flow to the sloping field again, the nutrition loss of the sloping surface caused by sediment accumulation in the water storage tank is reduced, and the plant survival rate of the sloping surface is improved;
3. form the fender miscellaneous district through between pin and the sloping field to can block great impurity in keeping off miscellaneous district, reduce great impurity to the jam of filter, improve the filter effect of filter.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of a full section of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an exploded construction of a filter plate;
fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the portion B in fig. 2.
Reference numerals illustrate: 1. slope land; 2. a water storage tank; 21. a guide hole; 3. a drainage device; 31. a drain plate; 311. a guide rod; 32. a lifting assembly; 321. a pull rope; 322. a fixed pulley; 323. a winding wheel; 324. a driving motor; 325. a speed reducer; 326. a rotating shaft; 4. a filter plate; 41. a support screen; 42. a filter cloth; 5. a stop lever; 6. a impurity blocking area; 7. a communicating pipe; 71. a water inlet end; 72. a water outlet end; 8. a valve plate; 81. a floating ball; 82. a rope.
Detailed Description
The application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-5.
The embodiment of the application discloses a comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field. Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the method comprises the steps of excavating a water storage tank 2 on the surface of a sloping field 1, arranging a drainage device 3 in the water storage tank 2, planting plants on the surface of the sloping field 1, and slowly draining water in the water storage tank 2 through the drainage device 3 for water storage in the next rainfall in rainy seasons.
Referring to fig. 1, the water storages 2 are arranged in a plurality of rows at different horizontal heights along the sloping field 1, the water storages 2 are vertically arranged, the length of the water storages 2 along the line direction of the sloping field 1 is 1.2-1.5m, the width of the water storages 2 is 0.2-0.4m, two adjacent rows of water storages 2 are arranged in a staggered manner, and the water storages 2 of one row correspond to the position right in the middle of two adjacent water storages 2 of the other row. The interval between two water storages 2 in the same row is half the length of the water storages 2. Therefore, rainwater on the surface of the whole sloping field 1 can be intercepted under the action of the multiple rows of water storage tanks 2, so that the rainwater can be collected in the water storage tanks 2 in time.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the drain 3 includes a drain plate 31 and a lifting assembly 32, the drain plate 31 being horizontally disposed within the reservoir 2, the edge of the drain plate 31 being sealed to the side wall of the reservoir 2. In combination with fig. 3, the lifting assembly 32 comprises a pull rope 321, a fixed pulley 322, a winding wheel 323 and a driving motor 324, the fixed pulley 322 is installed on the sloping field 1 through a support rod, one end of the support rod is inserted into the sloping field 1, the other end of the support rod is used for rotating and connecting the fixed pulley 322, the fixed pulley 322 is located right above the water storage tank 2, one end of the pull rope 321 is fixed on the water drainage plate 31, the other end extends to the top of the sloping field 1, the driving motor 324 is fixed at the top of the sloping field 1, and an output shaft of the driving motor 324 is connected with a rotating shaft 326 through a decelerator 325, the rotating shaft 326 rotates under the action of the driving motor 324, the winding wheel 323 is coaxially fixed on the rotating shaft 326, one end of the pull rope 321 far away from the water drainage plate 31 is fixed on the winding wheel 323, the winding wheel 323 can be wound through the rotation of the driving motor 324, so that the water in the water storage tank 2 can be lifted upwards, and then water in the water storage tank 2 flows out from an opening of the water storage tank 2 under the action of the water storage tank 2, rainwater in the water storage tank 2 should slowly or after the water is stopped by flowing out, and the water in the sloping field 1 is required to be drained out of the water in turn, and the water is discharged from the surface of the sloping field 1 for a plurality of times. When rainwater flows out from the water storage pool 2, the planted plants on the surface of the sloping field 1 can be watered, and the survival rate of the plants on the sloping field 1 is improved. Meanwhile, when rainfall occurs, the water storage pool 2 can collect rainwater rapidly, and the scouring of the rainwater to the surface of the sloping field 1 is reduced. When the drain board drains rainwater, the stay cord 321 is loosened, the drain board 31 falls downwards under the action of gravity, and more space is reserved for the next rainfall of the water storage tank 2. In order to make the movement of the drain plate 31 in the vertical direction stable, a guide rod 311 is fixedly arranged on the lower surface of the drain plate 31, the guide rod 311 is vertically arranged, a guide hole 21 is formed in the bottom of the water storage tank 2, and the lower end of the guide rod 311 is matched and inserted into the guide hole 21, so that the drain plate 31 moves up and down stably.
Referring to fig. 4 and 5, a filter plate 4 is disposed at an upper opening position of the water storage tank 2, the filter plate 4 includes a support screen 41 and a filter cloth 42, the filter cloth 42 is laid on an upper surface of the support screen 41, the number of the filter cloth 42 is greater than that of the support screen 41, the filter cloth 42 is used to filter rainwater flowing onto the filter plate 4, thereby reducing impurities and soil entering into the water storage tank 2, the filter plate 4 is fixed at an opening position at the upper portion of the water storage tank 2, the height of the filter cloth 42 is substantially flush with the lowest edge of the water storage tank 2, when the drain plate 31 in the water storage tank 2 drains to the outside of the water storage tank 2, soil on the filter cloth 42 can flow onto the sloping field 1 along with the drained water flow, and when the water permeates into the sloping field 1, the soil remains on the sloping field 1, thereby avoiding loss of soil with nutrition and improving the survival rate of plants planted on the sloping field 1.
Referring to fig. 2, a plurality of bars 5 are fixedly arranged on the filter plate 4, the bars 5 are vertically arranged, one ends of the bars 5 are welded and fixed on the supporting screen plate 41, the other ends of the bars 5 extend out of the water storage pool 2 upwards, the bars 5 are uniformly distributed along the supporting screen plate 41 and are close to one side edge of the water storage pool 2, which is higher than the sloping field 1, so that a hetero blocking area 6 is formed on one side of the bars 5, which is opposite to the water storage pool 2, and the surface of the sloping field 1. Meanwhile, the stacked impurities formed after the larger impurities are collected in the impurity blocking area 6 can be further filtered, and the filtering effect on the larger impurities is improved.
Referring to fig. 2, a communicating pipe 7 is buried inside a sloping field 1, the communicating pipe 7 is a straight pipe, one end of the communicating pipe 7 is set as a water inlet end 71 and is communicated with a water storage tank 2 located above in two adjacent rows of water storage tanks 2, the other end is a water outlet end 72 and is communicated with a water storage tank 2 located below in two adjacent rows of water storage tanks 2, the communicating pipe 7 is connected to the upper part of the water storage tank 2, the communicating pipe 7 sequentially communicates a plurality of water storage tanks 2 on the sloping field 1 along the surface inclined direction of the sloping field 1 through the plurality of communicating pipes 7, when rainwater is more, the water amount in the water storage tank 2 is at the maximum, the water inlet end 71 and the water outlet end 72 of the communicating pipe 7 are located below the filter plate 4, and the water inlet end 71 of the communicating pipe 7 is higher than the water outlet end 72, so that water in the water storage tank 2 is sequentially discharged into the lowest water storage tank 2 along the plurality of the communicating pipe 7, the water storage tank 2 is reduced from passing by the surface of the sloping field 1, and the flushing of the surface of the sloping field 1 is reduced.
Referring to fig. 5, a valve plate 8 is provided at one side of a water inlet end 71 of a communication pipe 7, an upper end of the valve plate 8 is rotatably connected to a side wall of a water storage tank 2, a lower end of the valve plate 8 is extended to a lowest position of a drain plate 31, and when the drain plate 31 moves upward, the drain plate 31 can block the valve plate 8 to prevent the valve plate 8 from opening, so that water can be discharged from an upper opening of the water storage tank 2 when the drain plate 31 drains water; when the drain plate 31 is at the lowest position, the valve plate 8 can be rotated upward to open the water inlet end 71 of the communicating tube 7, so that water can conveniently enter the communicating tube 7 from the water inlet end 71 of the communicating tube 7. The floating ball 81 is arranged in the water storage tank 2, the rope 82 is connected to the floating ball 81, one end of the rope 82 is fixed to the floating ball 81, the other end of the rope 82 is fixed to the middle of the valve plate 8, when the water quantity in the water storage tank 2 reaches the maximum, the floating ball 81 floats upwards under the action of water in the water storage tank 2, and the valve plate 8 opens the water inlet end 71 of the communicating pipe 7 under the action of the floating ball 81.
The working procedure of this embodiment is:
when rainwater flows from the surface of the sloping field 1, larger impurities are filtered through the impurity blocking area 6, then the rainwater with silt is filtered on the filter plate 4, the rainwater filtered by the filter plate 4 is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 2, after the rainwater stops, the rainwater in the water storage tank 2 is slowly discharged under the action of the lifting assembly 32 by the drainage plate 31, the rainwater permeates along the surface of the sloping field 1, plants planted on the surface of the sloping field 1 can be watered, the survival rate is improved, and meanwhile, the silt on the filter plate 4 can be reserved on the surface of the sloping field 1, so that the survival rate of the plants and the soil fixing effect are further improved; when the rainwater is large, the valve plate 8 is opened by the floating ball 81, after the valve plate 8 is opened, the water storage pool 2 positioned above can drain the rainwater downwards from the communicating pipe 7 through the water inlet end 71 of the communicating pipe 7, so that the rainwater is reduced to pass through the surface of the sloping field 1, and the scouring of the rainwater to the surface of the sloping field 1 is further reduced.
The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the application should be covered in the scope of protection of the application.
Claims (5)
1. A comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of a sloping field is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the steps of excavating a plurality of water storages (2) on the surface of a sloping field (1) along the inclined direction of the surface of the sloping field (1), installing a drainage device (3) in the water storages (2), and then planting plants on the surface of the sloping field (1); the drainage device (3) comprises a drainage plate (31) and a lifting assembly (32), wherein the drainage plate (31) is positioned in the water storage tank (2) and is communicated with the lifting assembly (32), the lifting assembly (32) lifts the drainage plate (31) upwards after the water storage tank (2) is fully filled with water for one time, water in the water storage tank (2) is discharged from an upper opening of the water storage tank (2) and seeps into the sloping field (1), and then the lifting assembly (32) lowers the drainage plate (31) to enable the water storage tank (2) to cut off rainwater on the surface of the sloping field (1) for the next time;
a plurality of communicating pipes (7) are buried in the sloping field (1), two ends of each communicating pipe (7) are respectively a water inlet end (71) and a water outlet end (72), the water inlet ends (71) are higher than the water outlet ends (72), the water inlet ends (71) and the water outlet ends (72) are connected with two adjacent rows of water storage tanks (2), the water storage tanks (2) connected with the water inlet ends (71) are higher than the water storage tanks (2) connected with the water outlet ends (72), the water storage tanks (2) are sequentially communicated from top to bottom through the communicating pipes (7), and the water inlet ends (71) are provided with valve plates (8) for opening and closing the water inlet ends (71);
the upper side edge of the valve plate (8) is rotationally connected to the side wall of the water storage tank (2), the middle part of the valve plate (8) is connected with a floating ball (81) through a rope (82), and the floating ball (81) is positioned in the water storage tank (2);
the lower end of the valve plate (8) extends to the lowest position of the drain plate (31);
a vertical guide rod (311) is fixed below the drain plate (31), a guide hole (21) is formed in the bottom of the water storage tank (2), and the lower end of the guide rod (311) is inserted into the guide hole (21) in a matching manner;
lifting assembly (32) are including stay cord (321), fixed pulley (322), take-up pulley (323) and driving motor (324), and driving motor (324) are installed on the upper portion of hillside fields (1), and take-up pulley (323) are connected through driving motor (324), fixed pulley (322) set up the top to every tank (2), and one end of stay cord (321) is fixed on drain bar (31), and the other end strides fixed pulley (322) and is fixed on take-up pulley (323).
2. The method for comprehensively treating the water and soil loss of the sloping field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the opening part of the water storage tank (2) is provided with a filter plate (4) for filtering sediment, and the filter plate (4) comprises a supporting screen plate (41) and a filter cloth (42) paved on the supporting screen plate (41).
3. The method for comprehensively treating the water and soil loss of the sloping field according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: a plurality of stop rods (5) are fixed on one side edge, located on the higher side of the sloping field (1), of the water storage pool (2) on the support screen plate (41), and the stop rods (5) and the sloping field (1) form a foreign matter blocking area (6).
4. The method for comprehensively treating the water and soil loss of the sloping field according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the two adjacent water storages (2) are arranged in a staggered way, and the interval between the two water storages (2) in the same row is smaller than the length of the water storages (2).
5. The method for comprehensively treating the water and soil loss of the sloping field according to claim 2, which is characterized in that: when the water in the water storage tank (2) is discharged, the water which flows out of a part firstly and then stops is adopted, and after the water which flows out of the water storage tank (2) spreads out on the surface of the sloping field (1) and permeates into the sloping field (1), the water flows out of a part again and then stops, and the steps are repeated in sequence.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110548676.4A CN115362883B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of sloping field |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110548676.4A CN115362883B (en) | 2021-05-20 | 2021-05-20 | Comprehensive treatment method for water and soil loss of sloping field |
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| CN115362883B true CN115362883B (en) | 2023-08-18 |
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| JP2000051112A (en) * | 1998-08-08 | 2000-02-22 | Shoichi Arakawa | Elevating double-bottom floor device of bathtub |
| JP2002153535A (en) * | 2000-11-20 | 2002-05-28 | Yoshinori Masuko | Bathtub for nursing |
| CN105230442A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-01-13 | 昆明理工大学 | Multi-stage automatic sprinkling irrigation device used for crops on slopes |
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| CN115362883A (en) | 2022-11-22 |
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