CN1153591A

CN1153591A - Heating device for heating solid or liquid medium

Info

Publication number: CN1153591A
Application number: CN96190456A
Authority: CN
Inventors: K·阿拉维
Original assignee: Enviro EC AG
Current assignee: Enviro EC AG
Priority date: 1995-03-17
Filing date: 1996-03-18
Publication date: 1997-07-02
Also published as: WO1996029845A1; JPH10503617A; CA2190360A1; AU4936596A; WO1996029844A1; EP0760198A1; AU2065195A

Abstract

The invention concerns a heating device (10) for heating a solid or liquid medium (11). Disposed on the periphery of a rotor (15, 18) are a plurality of permanent magnets (22, 24) which generate a magnetic field in the region of which the electrically conductive medium (11) is disposed. These permanent magnets (22, 24) radiate the magnetic field approximately radially. Rotation of the rotor produces a relative movement between these permanent magnets and the medium, such that eddy currents are generated in said medium which is consequently heated. The medium (11) provided is electrically conductive water guided through a pipe coil (14) which is disposed helically about the rotor at a spacing therefrom and comprises an inlet side (35) and an outlet side (36) which are connected to a pipe which, on the outlet side, leads to a consumer and is guided in a closed circuit back to the inlet side again. The heating device according to the invention transfers a very high thermal output to a medium.

Description

The firing equipment of heat medium

The present invention relates to a kind of firing equipment that is used for heat medium, this equipment has some permanent magnets that can produce the placed adjacent in magnetic field, and conductive materials is placed in the magnetic field, by the linear or rotation relative motion between conductive materials and the permanent magnet material is heated.

According to being installed in the firing equipment on the turbomolecular pump of CH-PS 662 691, its enclosure interior condition of high vacuum degree one side is equipped with rotor, works with the stator discs that is fixed on the housing with the rotor disk that rotor connects.Heating has the structure member on condition of high vacuum degree surface to quicken to remove this lip-deep adsorbed gas.In order to realize this this function, with eddy current rotor is heated, eddy current is to produce by the spinning motion of rotor and the magnetic line of force magnetic field interaction perpendicular to armature spindle.Magnetic field is to be produced by permanent magnet that is fixed on the housing outside or electromagnet, and the magnetic line of force in magnetic field is vertical with armature spindle.Use this mode of heating can only obtain limited heat.

According to the another kind of device that German patent DE-A-1 106440 announces, in the heater of another kind of different designs, a rotation bell jar of being made by ferrimagnet is installed in the bottom of the container that produces steam.This container is made of the good material of conductive performance.At the outer surface of container the permanent magnet of wheel-rim shape is housed, magnet produces magnetic field in the mode of conversion magnetic pole, surround have in the container of bell jar an annulus that constitutes by ferrimagnet (as soft iron) equally with a very little rang ring around magnet.During the bell jar rotation, the permanent magnet around it heats container and annulus on every side owing to the generation of eddy current.The latter conducts heat in the interior water of container.Use this device to transmit heat, can not realize best heat transmission the aqueous medium that will heat.

We have invented a kind of heater, and this device is compared with the above-mentioned device that everybody knows, and can improve heat transfer performance, thereby improve the efficient of heat medium.In addition, this device is suitable for various purposes again.

According to the present invention, task of the present invention is by with conducting medium, and particularly conducting liquid or gas are put into the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces, and solve by the eddy current electric conduction of heating medium that produces in magnetic field.

In a kind of preferred device, permanent magnet arrangement is around rotor, and magnetic field is similar to radially from magnet to external radiation, and medium is at the inside or the outside shuttling movement of rotor.Drive the permanent magnet rotation during rotor rotation, thus the relative motion that produces medium.

In another kind of preferred construction, permanent magnet is distributed on the front end face of rotating circular disk, produces the magnetic field along the radiation of disk rotating shaft direction, and medium is placed at least one end near disk.

By heater involved in the present invention, heat does not almost have loss, and can pass to the medium that heats by permanent magnet with unexpected high heat load.

Introduce embodiments of the invention and other advantage with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein

Fig. 1 is the profile of heater involved in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of heater shown in Figure 1;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the another kind configuration of the heater that the present invention relates to;

Fig. 4 is the outline drawing according to the rotating circular disk that permanent magnet is housed of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is out of shape the part outline drawing of conduit;

Fig. 6 is the catheter section figure along VI-VI line among Fig. 5.

The heater 10 of the heating liquid medium 11 shown in Fig. 1, its major part comprises housing 12, is wrapped in around the housing and the conduit 14 and the driver element 13 of medium for storing 11.Rotor ring is around axle 15, and axle 15 is installed in the housing 12 and can be rotated, and a concentric cylinder 18 is fastened on the axle by ring flange 34.Housing 12 external structures are cylindrical, are placed on ground or other above object by base 16, housing can be fixed on the base when needing.And the total inner surface of housing 12 preferably is equipped with insulating material, and needs time installing sound insulating material 32,33.In addition, for rotor inside is installed, housing 12 is made bilayer or sandwich construction form.Cylinder 18 is fixed on the ring flange 34 of both sides, and each ring flange itself is fixed on the axle 15.Rotor is positioned at shell 12 inside rotationally in the mode of ubi supra, and is connected with driver element 13.Driver element has electro-motor 17, gear box 19 etc.Obviously, can use cylindrical object to replace cylinder 18.

According to the present invention, around cylinder 18, some permanent magnets 22,24 are housed, magnet is adjacent one another are along spiral shaped catheter 14, and conduit 14 is wrapped in around the cylinder 18, and conductive fluid medium 11 is equipped with in the inside.By swing roller 18, between the medium 11 in permanent magnet 22,24 and the magnetic field, produce relative rotary motion in its generation, in this motion process, permanent magnet 22,24 is successively by medium 11.By this relative motion, in medium, produce eddy current, and medium is heated.Preferablely be, magnet 22,24 be placed on along the axial groove 18 of cylinder 18 ' in, these magnet should equidistantly be placed outside.

According to shown in Figure 2, permanent magnet 22,24 be arranged in cylinder 18 around, at interval very little each other, north, south (-) (+) utmost point is arranged outside alternately.These magnet peritrochanteric necessarily clearly bandwidth range produce a static toroidal magnetic field, magnetic field produces eddy current by described relative motion at the medium that is arranged in this bandwidth range.

In order to make permanent magnet 22,24 and rotating shaft parallel, place it in cylinder 18 groove on every side, and " it is in place to be fixed by the dead ring 18 around the cylinder.Dead ring 18 " should be made by nonmagnetic substance, and can also cover magnet with ring after around magnet is placed cylinder.Cylinder 18 itself is made by nonmetallic materials.

Permanent magnet the 22, the 24th, the rectangular strip structure, each independent groove 18 of cylinder ' in, several magnet placed adjacent, the permanent-magnetic field that they produce roughly radially radiate from cylinder 18, radially turns back to adjacent opposite pole with annular form approx then.Medium 11 and conduit 14 medium and that be fixed in the housing 12 is housed keeps a distance of determining with these magnet is in the magnetic field to guarantee them.This distance should be selected very for a short time, and promptly only several millimeters get final product.In an example shown, conduit 14 cross sections are rectangular, and the distance between its adjacent coiling circle is as far as possible little, to guarantee can not produce useless gap, promptly magnetic field arranged in the gap but are not heated material.

In the structure according to concrete heater 10 illustrated in figures 1 and 2, many magnet that equidistantly distribute 22,24, its number is between 20 to 50, its each height is 20mm, width is 10mm, magnet distance each other is as far as possible little, and they are distributed on the cylinder 18 of the about 300mm of external diameter, the about 500mm of length.Settle 5 identical bar magnets in each groove successively.Cylinder 18 rotates with the speed about 3000rpm.And in general, the speed about 1000rpm just can obtain enough heats that heat medium needs.With the rotation of the speed about 3000rpm, the relative velocity of the cylinder external diameter of about 300mm is near 47m/s.

Permanent magnet 22,24 to becoming, is preferably selected neodymium, strontium-iron by conventional material for use, the material of strontium-cobalt alloy or other suitable corresponding conditions.Be understood that under the same terms, the magnetic field that each unit of magnet surface produces is strong more, the heat that produces in the middle of the medium is many more.Conduit 14 should be made by nonmagnetic synthetic material.Medium also can be made by electric conducting material, as copper alloy, chromium steel, aluminium or noble metal such as platinum etc.Preferably can repeatedly walk around cylinder.

As an advantage,, in conductivity water, add some chemical addition agents, as potassium or similar compound etc. in order to improve the conductivity of water.In addition, if the water in the conduit coil is turbulence-like, will obtain bigger heat-transfer effect.

As mentioned above, by two housings 12 of forming of part, an

insulating barrier

32,33 is arranged in the inboard, it not only has can be heat insulation well and the material of sound insulation, and preferably also have the interlayer such as the lead foil of electromagnetic field outside the shielding.The non-magnetic steel covering can be laid in the housing inside portion.

Rotor 25 resembles a flywheel and cylinder 18 is installed together, and the advantage of doing like this is can expand from the energy that driver element passes over.After actuating force is cut off, rotor will rotate longer a period of time, and cylinder is heavy more, and effect is obvious more.

On continuous heating meaning, by spiral duct 14, conduit 14 twines cylinder 18 with helical form and is fastened on the housing 12 as the medium of conductivity water, and conduit 14 has an input 35 and output 36, as shown in the figure.At output 36, a pipeline that directly or indirectly is connected to the user is arranged, it is circulated back to arrival end 35 from the port of export by an encapsulation.This heater 10 especially is fit to the room heating, and heat is transmitted or indirectly by heated body, promptly each room perhaps directly enters in the tank, and tank or water are heated and circulate.Heat transfer process and boiler or similarly to add the container of hot water or other medium quite similar.

In addition, also have a well-known control power-equipment break-make (not being shown specifically) and control will heat the control device that hydraulic pressure is gone into the pump (not shown) of conduit 14.For the sake of security, an emergency braking device is arranged.Emergency braking device action rotor just can stop action immediately.When this raises above set point when temperature in the conduit as no longer flowing owing to medium, be highly effective.

According to Fig. 3 and Fig. 4, in heater 40, have be equally distributed on its outer surface 45 ' on the rotating circular disk 45 of

permanent magnet

42,44 be installed in the both sides of the conduit 46 of annular array.Conduit 46 is parallel with the rotating circular disk 45 on being fixed on driving shaft 43, and driving shaft can drive rotation by power set (further not marking).

Permanent magnet

42,44 is disposed opposite to each other, approximate like this along rotating shaft 41 the direction radiation and produce magnetic field.Two rotating circular disk 45 structures are identical, and the magnet adjacent with them is installed on the outer surface with relative polarity, and the arctic is adorned and another dress South Pole, surface in a surface.To entering adjacent heteropole magnet 44, a part of magnetic field vertically enters the opposite disk to formation closed-loop path, part magnetic field along disk diameter.Conduit of being made by electric conducting material 46 and the conducting medium (11) that is equipped with in pipe are placed on the 45 ' a distance, surface apart from disk 45, so that it is in magnetic field that

magnet

42,44 produces.Along with the rotation that is connected the rotating circular disk 45 on the axle, in conduit 46 and medium wherein, produced eddy current, thereby as required medium has been heated.Rotating circular disk should be installed in the housing, with shown in Figure 1 similar, does not further illustrate here.

According to Fig. 4,

magnet

42,44 is fixed on the periphery of corresponding rotating circular disk 45, at the magnet of each predetermined some of equidistant placement above the disk.Conducting tube 46 also from input 47 input medias, links to each other with the user through output 48 except twining axle 43 then.This heater 40 is well-suited for the minimum place of this device institute spacing and uses.

Fig. 5 and Fig. 6 show the part-structure of conduit 50, and it can be settled by the conduit on cylinder 18 in heater 10.These conduits 50 are included in the director element 55～59 of turbulization in wherein the fluid stream, and these director elements are arranged on the conducting tube inner section direction, radially extend, and be fixed on the concentric rod that is positioned at catheter center 52 of conducting tube on.The cross sectional shape of

guide

55,56,57,58,59 is circular or other shape, interlaced vertically arrangement, look from square with the axis direction, they are staggered at a certain angle, shown in the figure is 72 °, be preferably in and director element be installed in the whole length range of whole conducting tube 50, and needn't carry out throttling the medium of managing in 54 with turbulization in flow of liquid.Obviously, for turbulization, can adopt and conducting tubes different shown in the figure.

What the above-mentioned technical process of enumerating substantially proposed is that the eddy current in the conductive materials produces with the variation in the magnetic field relevant with the time, so eddy current can not leave transmitter.Thereby require liquid or gas medium to have conductivity and conduit should be made by non-conducting material such as plastics.

When conduit 14 and cylinder 18 rotate effectively with opposite direction of rotation, produce relative rotary motion between magnet and the medium.Conduit should be with spiral or alternate manner around the cylinder the inside.

Be understood that cylinder 18 also can make the same structure of magnet.General practice shows, can choose permanent magnet as much as possible, carries and transmits to realize maximum heat, thereby under certain drum rotation speed condition, can obtain the umber of pulse of more unit interval.Cylinder also can be made a multipolarity annulus, and its both positive and negative polarity distributes alternately at external surface peripheral.

In general, along with relative rotary motion overlapping between magnet and the medium, can produce linearity or compounded linear relative motion between them.Certainly, also can make permanent magnet keep static, and produce relative motion by medium.

The range of application of the heater that more than is described in detail not only is confined to purposes recited above, and on the contrary, it can be applied to the various fields that need heat energy.Especially be fit to as: refrigerator, air conditioner, automobile motor, chemistry or medical supply etc.

Claims

1. the firing equipment of a heat medium, this equipment has some permanent magnets that can produce the placed adjacent in magnetic field (22,24,42,44), conducting medium be in the magnetic field and and permanent magnet (22,24,42,44) between produce linear and/or the rotation relative motion, thereby heat medium, it is characterized in that, medium (11) is particularly put into the magnetic field that permanent magnet (22,24,42,44) produces as the conducting liquid or the gas of electric conducting material, by the eddy current heat medium that produces in the magnetic field.

2. heater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, permanent magnet (22,24) be arranged in rotor around, (+) magnetic pole is alternately arranged in north, the south, the outside (-) of magnet, thereby make magnetic field be similar to radially radiation, and medium can be placed on the inside or the outside of rotor.

3. heater according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, adopt conduction water as medium (11), conductivity water is introduced by a spiral duct (14) that is wrapped in peritrochanteric, output to the user by the port of export (36,48), get back to input (35,47) by a closed circulation then.

4. according to claim 2 or 3 described heaters, it is characterized in that at the outside and the cylinder rotating shaft parallel of cylinder 18, arrange, and north and south magnetic pole alternately arrange respectively by the distance with minimum between the magnet for the permanent magnet of rectangle or other shape (22,24).

5. heater according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, permanent magnet (22,24) is placed on the circumference of cylinder (18) and is parallel in the groove (18 ') of cylinder rotation, and (18 ") are with the magnet fix in position by the dead ring around the wound drum simultaneously.

6. heater according to claim 5 is characterized in that, this cylinder (18) is made by nonmagnetic substance.

7. heater according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, permanent magnet (42,44) is distributed in the surface of rotating circular disk (43), the approximate rotor shaft direction radiation along rotating circular disk (43) in the magnetic field that magnet produces, medium (11) is introduced by the conduit (46) that is parallel to rotating circular disk (43).

8. heater according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, the conduit (46) that conductivity water is housed is bent to circle or other shape, on the plane that is parallel to rotating circular disk (45) running, its output (48) is connected and turns back to closed loop the input (47) of rotating circular disk (45) with the user.

9. according to claim 7 or 8 described heaters, it is characterized in that rotating circular disk (45) is installed in the both sides of conduit (46), they can rotate relatively independently, also can only by a driving shaft (43) with power source they be rotated together.

10. according to each described heater in the claim 7 to 9, it is characterized in that equidistantly distribute some permanent magnets (42,44) on the outer surface (45 ') of rotating circular disk (45), the positive negative pole of magnet is arranged alternately.

11., it is characterized in that magnet (in the disk outer surface groove) is arranged in a row successively according to the described heater of top any one claim, each other in fact not at interval.

12., it is characterized in that this liquid medium is imported with turbulence form by conduit (50) according to each described heater of claim 3 to 9.

13. heater according to claim 12 is characterized in that, for turbulization, director element (55,56,57,58,59) is installed in the conduit (54), they transversely are arranged in order in catheter interior.

14., it is characterized in that this rotor and rotating circular disk rotate with the speed between the 1500rpm to 4000rpm according to the described heater of above-mentioned any one claim.

15. according to each described heater in the claim 1 to 10 of front, it is characterized in that, when medium is water, need it be mixed with medium to the chemical addition agent such as the potassium that wherein add conduction.

16. each described heater in requiring according to aforesaid right is characterized in that this permanent magnet and medium are placed in the housing (12), that housing (12) has is heat insulation, the seal (32,33) of sound arrester and/or shielding built-in field.