WO2002087285A1 - Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state - Google Patents

Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2002087285A1
WO2002087285A1 PCT/IB2002/001301 IB0201301W WO02087285A1 WO 2002087285 A1 WO2002087285 A1 WO 2002087285A1 IB 0201301 W IB0201301 W IB 0201301W WO 02087285 A1 WO02087285 A1 WO 02087285A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
discoidal
cylindrical body
magnets
axis
vice versa
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2002/001301
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Paolo Arnaldo Rosastro
Original Assignee
Paolo Arnaldo Rosastro
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Application filed by Paolo Arnaldo Rosastro filed Critical Paolo Arnaldo Rosastro
Publication of WO2002087285A1 publication Critical patent/WO2002087285A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/109—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor using magnets rotating with respect to a susceptor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
    • H05B6/02—Induction heating
    • H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
    • H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
    • H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid

Definitions

  • Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state
  • the present invention relates to a device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state.
  • the chief object of the present invention is to provide a device that will apply the above theory in order to convert, in a simple and economically advantageous manner, magnetic energy into thermal energy which can then be put to use for many applications, both residential and industrial.
  • one aim of the invention is to propose a device that is simple to construct.
  • a device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state, characterized in that it comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element bearing a plurality of high- energy permanent magnets and at least one second element made of an electrically conducting material facing the said first element, drive means being provided to impart a movement to the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa, the said high-energy permanent magnets having alternating polarities along the direction of motion of the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa.
  • Figure 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view
  • Figure 2 shows schematically an enlarged detail from Figure 1 in section
  • Figure 3 shows schematically a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view
  • Figure 4 shows schematically an enlarged detail from Figure 3 in section
  • Figure 5 shows schematically a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view
  • Figure 6 shows schematically a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the first element of the device according to the invention, in perspective and partly in section; and Figure 8 shows schematically a fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention, in a perspective view.
  • the device according to the invention which is indicated in its various embodiments by reference numbers la, lb, lc, Id, comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d which bears a plurality of high- energy permanent magnets 3, and at least one second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, made of an electrically conducting material, such as metal, facing the first element.
  • the device includes drive means for imparting a movement to the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d relative to the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or vice versa.
  • the magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along the direction of motion of the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d relative to the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or vice versa.
  • "High-energy permanent magnets” here means permanent magnets exhibiting a magnetic induction greater than or at least equal to 2000 G (gauss), such as the neodymium iron magnets .
  • either the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d or the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or both may be driven in the same or opposite directions, provided that the result is a relative movement of one with respect to the other.
  • the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is cut by a flux of magnetic induction which is variable and induces electric currents in the second element.
  • These induced electric currents produce, by the Joule effect, a heating of the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and the heat produced can be carried away by a heat-transfer fluid or solid, which strikes the second element, and can be used in both residential and industrial applications.
  • the motion with which the first and/or the second element is driven is preferably a movement of rotational type.
  • the first element 2a comprises a discoidal body 11 interposed coaxially between two discoidal bodies 12, 13 which belong to the second element 4a.
  • the magnets 3 are mounted on both faces of the discoidal body 11 and are arranged so that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the discoidal body 11.
  • the discoidal body 11 may contain seats open on both faces of the discoidal body 11, in which the magnets 3 are housed, the magnets thus facing both the discoidal body 12 and the discoidal body 13.
  • the second element 4a comprises, in addition to the discoidal bodies 12 and 13, means for conveying a heat-transfer fluid or solid, these means preferably consisting of a pipe 14, preferably made of an electrically conducting material, which is formed into a spiral on that face of the discoidal body 12 and of the discoidal body 13 which is next to the discoidal body 11.
  • the pipe 14 may be formed into some other shape, such as linear.
  • the discoidal body 11 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by an electric motor 15, or by other drive means of known type, optionally via a transmission 16. Alternatively or in combination it is possible to drive the discoidal bodies 12 and 13, with rotational motion about their axis, by another motor 17.
  • the discoidal body 11 is shown driven directly by a motor 15 which is connected directly to the discoidal body 11 by its output shaft, while the discoidal bodies 12 and 13 are static.
  • the first element 2b comprises two coaxial discoidal bodies 21 and 22, between which is a coaxial discoidal body 23 belonging to the second element 4b.
  • the magnets 3 are mounted on that face of the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 which is next to the discoidal body 23 and are arranged with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the discoidal bodies 21 and 22.
  • the second element 4b comprises, in addition to the discoidal body 23, means for conveying a heat- transfer fluid or solid, these means preferably consisting of a pipe 24, preferably made of an electrically conducting material, which is formed into a spiral on both faces of the discoidal body 23.
  • the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 may be driven with rotational motion about their axis by an electric motor 25, or by other drive means of known type. Alternatively or in combination it is possible to drive the discoidal body 23 with rotational motion about its .axis by another motor, not shown for clarity.
  • Figure 4 shows the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 driven directly by a motor 25 which is connected directly to the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 by its output shaft, while the discoidal body 23 is static.
  • the magnets 3 can be arranged, using a plurality of magnets along a radial direction of the corresponding discoidal body, in such a way that there are also alternating polarities when working away from the centre towards the periphery of the corresponding discoidal body.
  • both the first element 2a, 2b and the second element 4a, 4b as two single discoidal bodies each having only one opposing face, with the magnets 3 on one and the pipe 14 or 24 on the other.
  • the functions of the discoidal bodies 12, 13 and 23 may be simply to support the pipe 14, 24, which would thus be the only element in which an e.m.f. was actually induced by the changing magnetic induction flux produced by the relative motion between the first element 2a, 2b and the second element 4a, 4b; or they may be made of an electrically conducting material and be involved in the e.m.f. induction effect.
  • the second element 4a, 4b could consist of the pipes 14, 24 only, or of the discoidal bodies 12, 13, 23 only. In this latter case, the only function of the pipes 14, 24 would be to carry a heat-transfer fluid into contact with the discoidal bodies 12, 13, 23.
  • the first element 2c comprises a cylindrical body 31 whose side wall is next to the second element 4c, which lies coaxially around the cylindrical body 31.
  • the second element 4c may simply be a pipe 32 made of an electrically conducting material, through which a heat- transfer fluid is fed, and which is arranged in a cylindrical helix, or at any rate a coaxial cylinder, around the side wall of the cylindrical body 31, or else it may be a cylindrical body arranged coaxially around the cylindrical body 31, with the pipe 32 attached to it or formed within it.
  • the magnets 3 are mounted on the side wall of the cylindrical body 31 in such a way as to be next to the second element 4c. These magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the cylindrical body 31.
  • the cylindrical body 31 is preferably hollow and able to be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 33, optionally with a transmission 34.
  • the pipe 32 or the cylindrical body on which this pipe may be mounted may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 35.
  • the first element 2d comprises a hollow cylindrical body 41 whose internal side wall is next to the second element 4d, which is arranged coaxially inside the cylindrical body 41.
  • the second element 4d may simply be a pipe made of an electrically conducting material in a cylindrical helix, much as described with reference to the third embodiment, or, as illustrated, may be a hollow cylindrical body 42 made of an electrically conducting material into which a heat- transfer fluid or solid is fed and advanced along the axis of the cylindrical body 42 by known means, e.g. by a screw 43 located coaxially inside the cylindrical body 42 and driven by a motor 44.
  • the cylindrical body 41 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 45.
  • the cylindrical body 42 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by another motor 46.
  • the magnets 3 are mounted on the inner side wall of the cylindrical body 41 so as to be next to the second element 4d. These magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the cylindrical body 31.
  • Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the first element in the cylindrical body form.
  • the magnets 3 are arranged in windows defined in the side wall of the cylindrical body 51 of the first element so as to face both into and out away from the cylindrical body 51.
  • the second element of the device according to the invention may comprise a cylindrical body, or simply a pipe made of an electrically conducting material, which goes inside coaxially with the cylindrical body 51, of the type illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, and a cylindrical body, or simply an electrically conducting pipe, that goes around the outside of and coaxially with the cylindrical body 51.
  • the cylindrical body 51 and/or the inner and outer cylindrical bodies or the pipe, which represent the second element may be driven with rotational motion about their axis by motors.
  • the first element 2e comprises a body 61, shaped as a cone or a truncated cone, whose side wall is next to the second element 4e, which is arranged coaxially around the said body 61 shaped as a cone or a truncated cone.
  • the second element 4e may simply be a duct 62 of an electrically conductive material, into which a heat- transfer fluid is fed, arranged as a conical helix, or as a cone or a truncated cone, coaxially positioned around the side wall of the above described body 61, or may be a member, shaped as a cone or a truncated cone coaxially positioned around the same body 61, on which the duct 62 is mounted or formed.
  • the magnets 3 are fixed on the side wall of the body 61 so as to result opposed to the second element 4e.
  • Said magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path around the axis of the body 61 that is shaped as a cone or a truncated cone.
  • the body 61 is able to be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 63, optionally with a transmission 64.
  • the duct 62 or the body on which this duct may be mounted may be driven with rotational motion about its axis.
  • the body 61 that is shaped as a cone or a truncated core is able to be moved along its axis for example by means of a lever, so as to be inserted into or pulled out from the second element 4e.
  • the magnets 3 may consist of parts that follow each other either circumferentially, with alternating polarities, about the axis of the body on which they are mounted, or axially, with alternating polarities, parallel to the axis of the body on which they are mounted, or along a diret rix of the conical surface on which they are fixed.
  • the fluid brought into contact with the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is fed through its pipes by known means, such as pumps .
  • the device according to the invention works in the following manner.
  • the heat generated is extracted from the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d by the fluid or solid which is fed through in contact with the second element.
  • the fluid may be heated in such a way as to bring about its partial or complete vaporization.
  • the extracted heat can be used directly or converted, in a manner known per se, into mechanical energy.
  • the fluid brought into contact with the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d may also be contained in vessels or other containers rather than being contained by a tubular pipe.
  • the device according to the invention fully achieves its object in that it converts, in a simple and financially advantageous manner, magnetic energy into thermal energy that can then be used for multiple applications, both residential and industrial.
  • the ferromagnetic element containing the magnets may, without affecting any of the modes of operation already described, be in the shape of a frustum of a cone, rather than a cylinder as depicted, and may face coaxially from the inside towards the conducting element, which in this case would also consist of turns laid out on the surface of a frustum of a cone complementary to the frustum of a cone of the ferromagnetic element.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Induction Heating (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state. The device comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element bearing a plurality of high-energy permanent magnets and at least one second element made of an electrically conducting material facing the first element. The device comprises drive means for imparting a movement to the first element relative to the second element or vice versa. The high-energy permanent magnets exhibit polarities that alternate along the direction of motion of the first element relative to the second element or vice versa. The electric currents induced by the variable magnetic induction flux cutting the second element produce, by the Joule effect, a heating of the second element and the heat produced can be carried away by a heat-transfer fluid or solid, which strikes the second element, and can be used in both residential and industrial applications.

Description

Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state
The present invention relates to a device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state.
As is known, in an electrically conducting material cut by a flux of magnetic induction (magnetic flux) that varies in time, electric currents known as Poucault currents or eddy currents are set up by the e.m.f . induced by this flux within the said material.
These currents have many industrial uses, such as induction furnaces, electricity meters, electromagnetic brakes, and techniques of welding or tinning.
The chief object of the present invention is to provide a device that will apply the above theory in order to convert, in a simple and economically advantageous manner, magnetic energy into thermal energy which can then be put to use for many applications, both residential and industrial.
Within the scope of this object, one aim of the invention is to propose a device that is simple to construct.
This object, and the above aim along with other aims which will become evident in the course of the text, are achieved with a device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state, characterized in that it comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element bearing a plurality of high- energy permanent magnets and at least one second element made of an electrically conducting material facing the said first element, drive means being provided to impart a movement to the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa, the said high-energy permanent magnets having alternating polarities along the direction of motion of the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa. Other features and advantages of the invention will become clear in the course of the description of certain preferred, but not exclusive embodiments of the device according to the invention, illustrated by way of non-limiting indication, in the attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 shows schematically a first embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view;
Figure 2 shows schematically an enlarged detail from Figure 1 in section;
Figure 3 shows schematically a second embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view;
Figure 4 shows schematically an enlarged detail from Figure 3 in section;
Figure 5 shows schematically a third embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view;
Figure 6 shows schematically a fourth embodiment of the device according to the invention, in an exploded perspective view;
Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the first element of the device according to the invention, in perspective and partly in section; and Figure 8 shows schematically a fifth embodiment of the device according to the invention, in a perspective view.
Referring to the abovementioned figures, the device according to the invention, which is indicated in its various embodiments by reference numbers la, lb, lc, Id, comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d which bears a plurality of high- energy permanent magnets 3, and at least one second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, made of an electrically conducting material, such as metal, facing the first element. The device includes drive means for imparting a movement to the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d relative to the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or vice versa. The magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along the direction of motion of the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d relative to the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or vice versa. "High-energy permanent magnets" here means permanent magnets exhibiting a magnetic induction greater than or at least equal to 2000 G (gauss), such as the neodymium iron magnets .
In the device according to the invention either the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d or the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, or both, may be driven in the same or opposite directions, provided that the result is a relative movement of one with respect to the other.
Owing to this relative movement, the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is cut by a flux of magnetic induction which is variable and induces electric currents in the second element. These induced electric currents produce, by the Joule effect, a heating of the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and the heat produced can be carried away by a heat-transfer fluid or solid, which strikes the second element, and can be used in both residential and industrial applications.
The motion with which the first and/or the second element is driven is preferably a movement of rotational type.
In the first embodiment, illustrated in Figures 1 and 2, the first element 2a comprises a discoidal body 11 interposed coaxially between two discoidal bodies 12, 13 which belong to the second element 4a. The magnets 3 are mounted on both faces of the discoidal body 11 and are arranged so that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the discoidal body 11. Alternatively, other than locating magnets 3 on both faces of the discoidal body 11, the discoidal body 11 may contain seats open on both faces of the discoidal body 11, in which the magnets 3 are housed, the magnets thus facing both the discoidal body 12 and the discoidal body 13.
The second element 4a comprises, in addition to the discoidal bodies 12 and 13, means for conveying a heat-transfer fluid or solid, these means preferably consisting of a pipe 14, preferably made of an electrically conducting material, which is formed into a spiral on that face of the discoidal body 12 and of the discoidal body 13 which is next to the discoidal body 11. As an alternative, the pipe 14 may be formed into some other shape, such as linear.
The discoidal body 11 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by an electric motor 15, or by other drive means of known type, optionally via a transmission 16. Alternatively or in combination it is possible to drive the discoidal bodies 12 and 13, with rotational motion about their axis, by another motor 17. In Figure 2 the discoidal body 11 is shown driven directly by a motor 15 which is connected directly to the discoidal body 11 by its output shaft, while the discoidal bodies 12 and 13 are static.
In the second embodiment, illustrated in Figures 3 and 4, the first element 2b comprises two coaxial discoidal bodies 21 and 22, between which is a coaxial discoidal body 23 belonging to the second element 4b. The magnets 3 are mounted on that face of the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 which is next to the discoidal body 23 and are arranged with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the discoidal bodies 21 and 22. The second element 4b comprises, in addition to the discoidal body 23, means for conveying a heat- transfer fluid or solid, these means preferably consisting of a pipe 24, preferably made of an electrically conducting material, which is formed into a spiral on both faces of the discoidal body 23.
The discoidal bodies 21 and 22 may be driven with rotational motion about their axis by an electric motor 25, or by other drive means of known type. Alternatively or in combination it is possible to drive the discoidal body 23 with rotational motion about its .axis by another motor, not shown for clarity. Figure 4 shows the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 driven directly by a motor 25 which is connected directly to the discoidal bodies 21 and 22 by its output shaft, while the discoidal body 23 is static.
In both the first and second embodiments, the magnets 3 can be arranged, using a plurality of magnets along a radial direction of the corresponding discoidal body, in such a way that there are also alternating polarities when working away from the centre towards the periphery of the corresponding discoidal body.
Obviously, a simplified version of the first and second embodiments would be to make both the first element 2a, 2b and the second element 4a, 4b as two single discoidal bodies each having only one opposing face, with the magnets 3 on one and the pipe 14 or 24 on the other. In both the first and second embodiments, the functions of the discoidal bodies 12, 13 and 23 may be simply to support the pipe 14, 24, which would thus be the only element in which an e.m.f. was actually induced by the changing magnetic induction flux produced by the relative motion between the first element 2a, 2b and the second element 4a, 4b; or they may be made of an electrically conducting material and be involved in the e.m.f. induction effect. As extreme cases, the second element 4a, 4b could consist of the pipes 14, 24 only, or of the discoidal bodies 12, 13, 23 only. In this latter case, the only function of the pipes 14, 24 would be to carry a heat-transfer fluid into contact with the discoidal bodies 12, 13, 23. In the third embodiment, shown in Figure 5, the first element 2c comprises a cylindrical body 31 whose side wall is next to the second element 4c, which lies coaxially around the cylindrical body 31. The second element 4c may simply be a pipe 32 made of an electrically conducting material, through which a heat- transfer fluid is fed, and which is arranged in a cylindrical helix, or at any rate a coaxial cylinder, around the side wall of the cylindrical body 31, or else it may be a cylindrical body arranged coaxially around the cylindrical body 31, with the pipe 32 attached to it or formed within it. The magnets 3 are mounted on the side wall of the cylindrical body 31 in such a way as to be next to the second element 4c. These magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the cylindrical body 31.
The cylindrical body 31 is preferably hollow and able to be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 33, optionally with a transmission 34. As an alternative or in combination, the pipe 32 or the cylindrical body on which this pipe may be mounted, may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 35. In the fourth embodiment, shown in Figure 6, the first element 2d comprises a hollow cylindrical body 41 whose internal side wall is next to the second element 4d, which is arranged coaxially inside the cylindrical body 41. The second element 4d may simply be a pipe made of an electrically conducting material in a cylindrical helix, much as described with reference to the third embodiment, or, as illustrated, may be a hollow cylindrical body 42 made of an electrically conducting material into which a heat- transfer fluid or solid is fed and advanced along the axis of the cylindrical body 42 by known means, e.g. by a screw 43 located coaxially inside the cylindrical body 42 and driven by a motor 44. The cylindrical body 41 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 45. Alternatively or in combination, the cylindrical body 42 may be driven with rotational motion about its axis by another motor 46. In this embodiment the magnets 3 are mounted on the inner side wall of the cylindrical body 41 so as to be next to the second element 4d. These magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path about the axis of the cylindrical body 31.
Figure 7 shows an alternative embodiment of the first element in the cylindrical body form. In this alternative embodiment the magnets 3 are arranged in windows defined in the side wall of the cylindrical body 51 of the first element so as to face both into and out away from the cylindrical body 51. In this way, the second element of the device according to the invention may comprise a cylindrical body, or simply a pipe made of an electrically conducting material, which goes inside coaxially with the cylindrical body 51, of the type illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, and a cylindrical body, or simply an electrically conducting pipe, that goes around the outside of and coaxially with the cylindrical body 51. As before, the cylindrical body 51 and/or the inner and outer cylindrical bodies or the pipe, which represent the second element, may be driven with rotational motion about their axis by motors.
In the fifth embodiment, shown in figure 8, the first element 2e comprises a body 61, shaped as a cone or a truncated cone, whose side wall is next to the second element 4e, which is arranged coaxially around the said body 61 shaped as a cone or a truncated cone. The second element 4e may simply be a duct 62 of an electrically conductive material, into which a heat- transfer fluid is fed, arranged as a conical helix, or as a cone or a truncated cone, coaxially positioned around the side wall of the above described body 61, or may be a member, shaped as a cone or a truncated cone coaxially positioned around the same body 61, on which the duct 62 is mounted or formed. The magnets 3 are fixed on the side wall of the body 61 so as to result opposed to the second element 4e. Said magnets 3 are arranged in such a way that their polarities alternate along a circumferential path around the axis of the body 61 that is shaped as a cone or a truncated cone. The body 61 is able to be driven with rotational motion about its axis by a motor 63, optionally with a transmission 64. As an alternative or in combination, the duct 62 or the body on which this duct may be mounted, may be driven with rotational motion about its axis. Advantageously, the body 61 that is shaped as a cone or a truncated core is able to be moved along its axis for example by means of a lever, so as to be inserted into or pulled out from the second element 4e. By doing so, it is possible to move the body 61 away from the duct 62 after having heated up the said heat- transfer fluid that circulates across it. As an alternative, it may be foreseen to move the duct 62, or the body on which it is mounted or formed, with respect to the body 61 that is shaped as a cone or a truncated cone.
In the embodiments illustrated in Figures 5 to 8, the magnets 3 may consist of parts that follow each other either circumferentially, with alternating polarities, about the axis of the body on which they are mounted, or axially, with alternating polarities, parallel to the axis of the body on which they are mounted, or along a diret rix of the conical surface on which they are fixed.
For completeness, it should be added that the fluid brought into contact with the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d is fed through its pipes by known means, such as pumps . The device according to the invention works in the following manner.
When the first element 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d is set in motion relative to the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, the second element is cut by a flux of magnetic induction that varies in time. Because of this fact, an e.m.f. is set up in the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d and, by the Joule effect, heats the second element 4a,
4b, 4c, 4d and the heat generated is extracted from the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d by the fluid or solid which is fed through in contact with the second element. It should be observed that the fluid may be heated in such a way as to bring about its partial or complete vaporization. The extracted heat can be used directly or converted, in a manner known per se, into mechanical energy.
The fluid brought into contact with the second element 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d may also be contained in vessels or other containers rather than being contained by a tubular pipe.
It has been found in practice that the device according to the invention fully achieves its object in that it converts, in a simple and financially advantageous manner, magnetic energy into thermal energy that can then be used for multiple applications, both residential and industrial.
The device, thus conceived, is open to numerous modifications and variations that all come within the scope of the inventive concept; and, furthermore, all the details can be replaced by other technically equivalent elements.
In practice, there is no restriction on what materials are employed or on the shapes and dimensions of each component part, which will depend on requirements and the state of the art, provided they are compatible with the particular use. For example, in the illustrative embodiment described earlier and shown in Figure 5, the ferromagnetic element containing the magnets may, without affecting any of the modes of operation already described, be in the shape of a frustum of a cone, rather than a cylinder as depicted, and may face coaxially from the inside towards the conducting element, which in this case would also consist of turns laid out on the surface of a frustum of a cone complementary to the frustum of a cone of the ferromagnetic element. This version, which is not shown in the drawings, may advantageously be adopted where it is wished to have the possibility of rapidly withdrawing the magnets from the turns of the conducting element: the ferromagnetic element would simply be drawn slightly back from the latter to achieve the desired separation, for obvious geometrical reasons.

Claims

1. Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state, characterized in that it comprises at least one first ferromagnetic element bearing a plurality of high-energy permanent magnets and at least one second element made of an electrically conducting material facing the said first element, drive means being provided to impart a movement to the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa, and the said high-energy permanent magnets having alternating polarities along the direction of motion of the said first element relative to the said second element or vice versa.
2. Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that it comprises means for conveying at least one heat-transfer fluid or solid in contact with the said second element.
3. Device according to Claim 1 and/or 2, characterized in that the said first element comprises a discoidal body facing the said second element; the said magnets being mounted on that face of the said discoidal body of the first element which is nearest the said second element; the said discoidal body of the first element being capable of being driven with rotational motion about its axis relative to the said second element or vice versa and the said magnets being arranged on the said discoidal body of the first element with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the said discoidal body of the first element.
4. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said discoidal body of the first element carries magnets on both of its faces that both face the said second element.
5. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first element comprises two coaxial discoidal bodies facing each other, with the said second element between; the said magnets being mounted on those faces of the said discoidal bodies of the first element that are nearest the said second element; the said discoidal bodies of the first element being capable of being driven with rotational motion about their axis relative to the said second element or vice versa and the said magnets being arranged on the said discoidal bodies of the first element with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the corresponding discoidal body of the first element.
6. Device according to any of Claims 3 to 5, characterized in that the said magnets are arranged such that their polarities alternate from the centre towards the periphery of the corresponding discoidal body of the first element.
7. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said second element comprises at least one discoidal body facing the discoidal body of the said first element; the said discoidal body of the second element supporting, on its face nearest the said discoidal body of the first element, a pipe for conveying a fluid.
8. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said second element comprises two coaxial discoidal bodies, facing each other with the said discoidal body of the first element between them.
9. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first element comprises at least one cylindrical body whose side wall is next to the said second element; the said magnets being mounted on the side wall of the said cylindrical body of the first element next to the said second element; the said cylindrical body of the first element being capable of being driven with rotational motion about its axis relative to the said second element or vice versa and the said magnets being arranged on the said cylindrical body of the first element with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the said cylindrical body of the first element.
10. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first element comprises at least one body shaped as a cone or a truncated cone with its side wall facing the said second element; said magnets being mounted on the side wall of said body of the first element facing the second element, the said body shaped as a cone or a truncated cone of the first element being capable of being driven with rotational motion about its axis relative to the said second element or vice versa, and the said magnets being arranged on the said body shaped as a cone or a truncated cone of the first element with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the said body shaped as a cone or a truncated cone of the first element.
11. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized by that the said first element is capable to being moved axially with respect to the said second element in order to be inserted into or moved away from it.
12. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first element comprises at least one internally hollow, basically cylindrical body whose inner and/or outer side wall is next to the said second element; the said magnets being mounted on the side wall of the said cylindrical body of the first element next to the said second element; the said cylindrical body of the first element being capable of being driven with rotational motion about its axis relative to the said second element or vice versa and the said magnets being arranged on the said cylindrical body of the first element with alternating polarities along a circumferential path about the axis of the said cylindrical body of the first element.
13. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said second element comprises at least one cylindrical body positioned coaxially inside and/or outside the said cylindrical body of the first element.
14. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said cylindrical body of the second element comprises a fluid conveying pipe formed into a coaxial cylinder on the inside or outside of the cylindrical body of the said first element.
15. Device according to any of Claims 9 to 14, characterized in that the said magnets are arranged with alternating polarities in a direction roughly parallel to the axis of the cylindrical body of the said first element, or along a diretrix of the conical surface of the side wall of the body of said first element.
16. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said second element comprises a roughly cylindrical body situated coaxially inside the said cylindrical body of the first element; the cylindrical body of the said second element housing a means of moving a fluid or solid with a component parallel to the axis of the said cylindrical body of the second element.
17. Device according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the said first element and the said second element may both be driven with relative motion, one with respect to the other.
PCT/IB2002/001301 2001-04-19 2002-04-17 Device for converting magnetic energy into thermal energy, particularly for heating material in a solid or fluid state WO2002087285A1 (en)

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IT2001MI000835A ITMI20010835A1 (en) 2001-04-19 2001-04-19 DEVICE FOR THE TRANSFORMATION OF MAGNETIC ENERGY INTO THERMAL ENERGY PARTICULARLY TO OPERATE THE HEATING OF MATERIAL AT THE STA
ITMI01A000835 2001-04-19

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WO2004066681A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Sintef Energiforskning As An apparatus and a method for induction heating of pieces of electrically conducting and non-magnetic material
WO2010100082A3 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-12-16 Effmag Oy Method device and arrangement for heating an object by an induction
WO2011158030A1 (en) * 2010-06-16 2011-12-22 Carbon Zero Limited Heat generator
WO2012050799A1 (en) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-19 The Timken Company Hole heating and spot heating via rotational or reciprocating magnetic heating
JP2012195230A (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-10-11 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Induction heating apparatus and power generation system including the same
CN103348019A (en) * 2010-10-11 2013-10-09 铁姆肯公司 Apparatus for induction hardening
CN103347321A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-09 苏州科睿特能源科技有限公司 Cylindrical heating device against solid metal material
DE102012020458A1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Marco Weitkunat Device for energy transformation for heating metallic base element of container, has support that is provided two permanent magnets which are arranged with respect to each other, and coupled and rotatably supported with drive
WO2015025146A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Rotaheat Limited Heat generator
US8993942B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2015-03-31 The Timken Company Apparatus for induction hardening
WO2015074645A1 (en) * 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Werner Christmann Device for generating heat
US9169529B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2015-10-27 The Timken Company Inductive heating for hardening of gear teeth and components alike
GB2532443A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 Malcolm Tulloch Andrew Heat generator
WO2017004729A1 (en) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-12 Energía Vectorial Limitada. Device for heating fluids by means of rotary magnetic induction
WO2017103305A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-22 Maxwell & Lorentz, S.L. Device for heating by magnetic induction
GB2556267A (en) * 2016-02-10 2018-05-23 Rotaheat Ltd Heat generator
EP3217762A4 (en) * 2014-11-06 2018-07-04 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Eddy-current heating device
EP3217521A4 (en) * 2014-11-06 2018-07-04 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Eddy current type heating device
IT201700084034A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-24 Claudio Labbrozzi FLUID HEATER WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS WITH DOUBLE CHANNEL
WO2019193122A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Andreas Seiwald Rotary-induction heat generator with direct current excitation, extremely small electrical/kinetic efficiency, and extremely high thermal cop

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US7339145B2 (en) 2003-01-24 2008-03-04 Sintef Energiforskning As Apparatus and a method for induction heating of pieces of electrically conducting and non-magnetic material
WO2004066681A1 (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-05 Sintef Energiforskning As An apparatus and a method for induction heating of pieces of electrically conducting and non-magnetic material
US9169529B2 (en) 2008-04-11 2015-10-27 The Timken Company Inductive heating for hardening of gear teeth and components alike
US9000337B2 (en) 2009-03-04 2015-04-07 Effmag Oy Method device and arrangement for heating an object by an induction
WO2010100082A3 (en) * 2009-03-04 2010-12-16 Effmag Oy Method device and arrangement for heating an object by an induction
CN102415210A (en) * 2009-03-04 2012-04-11 埃弗马格公司 Method, device and arrangement for heating an object by an induction
JP2012519364A (en) * 2009-03-04 2012-08-23 エフマグ、オサケユキチュア Method, apparatus and arrangement for heating an object by induction
CN102415210B (en) * 2009-03-04 2016-10-19 埃弗马格公司 For adding the method for hot object, device and equipment by sensing
EP2404480B1 (en) 2009-03-04 2015-11-11 Effmag OY Method device and arrangement for heating an object by an induction
WO2011158030A1 (en) * 2010-06-16 2011-12-22 Carbon Zero Limited Heat generator
GB2495027A (en) * 2010-06-16 2013-03-27 Carbon Zero Ltd Heat generator
US9883552B2 (en) 2010-06-16 2018-01-30 Rotaheat Limited Heat generator
WO2012050799A1 (en) * 2010-10-11 2012-04-19 The Timken Company Hole heating and spot heating via rotational or reciprocating magnetic heating
US9920392B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2018-03-20 The Timken Company Apparatus for induction hardening
US8993942B2 (en) 2010-10-11 2015-03-31 The Timken Company Apparatus for induction hardening
CN103348019A (en) * 2010-10-11 2013-10-09 铁姆肯公司 Apparatus for induction hardening
CN103202097A (en) * 2010-10-11 2013-07-10 铁姆肯公司 Hole heating and spot heating via rotational or reciprocating magnetic heating
JP2012195230A (en) * 2011-03-17 2012-10-11 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd Induction heating apparatus and power generation system including the same
DE102012020458A1 (en) * 2012-10-15 2014-04-17 Marco Weitkunat Device for energy transformation for heating metallic base element of container, has support that is provided two permanent magnets which are arranged with respect to each other, and coupled and rotatably supported with drive
CN103347321A (en) * 2013-06-28 2013-10-09 苏州科睿特能源科技有限公司 Cylindrical heating device against solid metal material
GB2527012B (en) * 2013-08-22 2016-04-20 Rotaheat Ltd Heat generator
GB2527012A (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-12-09 Rotaheat Ltd Heat generator
US10425998B2 (en) 2013-08-22 2019-09-24 Rotaheat Limited Heat generator
WO2015025146A1 (en) * 2013-08-22 2015-02-26 Rotaheat Limited Heat generator
WO2015074645A1 (en) * 2013-11-20 2015-05-28 Werner Christmann Device for generating heat
EP3217521A4 (en) * 2014-11-06 2018-07-04 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Eddy current type heating device
EP3217762A4 (en) * 2014-11-06 2018-07-04 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Eddy-current heating device
US10667334B2 (en) 2014-11-06 2020-05-26 Nippon Steel Corporation Eddy current heat generating apparatus
GB2532443B (en) * 2014-11-19 2021-01-13 Rotaheat Ltd Heat generator
GB2532443A (en) * 2014-11-19 2016-05-25 Malcolm Tulloch Andrew Heat generator
WO2017004729A1 (en) * 2015-07-03 2017-01-12 Energía Vectorial Limitada. Device for heating fluids by means of rotary magnetic induction
US10772163B2 (en) 2015-07-03 2020-09-08 Evus, Inc. Apparatus for heating fluids by rotary magnetic induction
WO2017103305A1 (en) * 2015-12-14 2017-06-22 Maxwell & Lorentz, S.L. Device for heating by magnetic induction
GB2556267A (en) * 2016-02-10 2018-05-23 Rotaheat Ltd Heat generator
IT201700084034A1 (en) * 2017-07-24 2019-01-24 Claudio Labbrozzi FLUID HEATER WITH PERMANENT MAGNETS WITH DOUBLE CHANNEL
WO2019193122A1 (en) * 2018-04-06 2019-10-10 Andreas Seiwald Rotary-induction heat generator with direct current excitation, extremely small electrical/kinetic efficiency, and extremely high thermal cop
JP2021520031A (en) * 2018-04-06 2021-08-12 ゼイバルド、アンドレアス Rotary inductive heat generator with DC excitation, very low electrical / kinetic efficiency, and very high thermal COP
EP4033859A1 (en) 2018-04-06 2022-07-27 Andreas Seiwald Rotary induction heat generator with direct current excitation, extremely low electric kinetic efficiency and extremely high thermal cop
JP7345496B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2023-09-15 ゼイバルド、アンドレアス Rotary induction heat generator with DC excitation, extremely low electrical/dynamic efficiency, and extremely high thermal COP
US11844169B2 (en) 2018-04-06 2023-12-12 Andreas Seiwald Rotary-induction heat generator with direct current excitation, extremely small electrical/kinetic efficiency, and extremely high thermal COP

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