ES2549175A1 - Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) - Google Patents
Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ES2549175A1 ES2549175A1 ES201430601A ES201430601A ES2549175A1 ES 2549175 A1 ES2549175 A1 ES 2549175A1 ES 201430601 A ES201430601 A ES 201430601A ES 201430601 A ES201430601 A ES 201430601A ES 2549175 A1 ES2549175 A1 ES 2549175A1
- Authority
- ES
- Spain
- Prior art keywords
- rotor
- fluid
- fluid heater
- heater according
- cylindrical
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
- F24H1/00—Water heaters, e.g. boilers, continuous-flow heaters or water-storage heaters
- F24H1/10—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium
- F24H1/101—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply
- F24H1/102—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance
- F24H1/105—Continuous-flow heaters, i.e. heaters in which heat is generated only while the water is flowing, e.g. with direct contact of the water with the heating medium using electric energy supply with resistance formed by the tube through which the fluid flows
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/02—Induction heating
- H05B6/10—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications
- H05B6/105—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor
- H05B6/108—Induction heating apparatus, other than furnaces, for specific applications using a susceptor for heating a fluid
Abstract
Description
CALENTADOR DE FLUIDOS FLUID HEATER
La presente invención se refiere a un calentador de fluidos, más concretamente a un calentador de fluidos donde se aprovechan las pérdidas energéticas de las The present invention relates to a fluid heater, more specifically to a fluid heater where the energy losses of the
5 corrientes de Foucault o corrientes parásitas en forma de calor (efecto Joule), por ejemplo para calentar agua, con el fin de obtener agua caliente en una instalación doméstica de agua sanitaria o bien para obtener un fluido caliente para su aplicación a nivel industrial. 5 eddy currents or parasitic currents in the form of heat (Joule effect), for example to heat water, in order to obtain hot water in a domestic sanitary water installation or to obtain a hot fluid for industrial application.
Las corrientes de Foucault se producen cuando u n conductor atraviesa un campo Foucault currents occur when a conductor crosses a field
10 magnético variable o viceversa. El movimiento relativo causa una circulación de electrones o corriente inducida dentro del conductor. Estas corrientes circulares de Foucault crean electroimanes con campos magnéticos que se oponen al efecto del campo magnético aplicado. Cuanto más fuerte es el campo magnético aplicado, o mayor la conductividad del conductor, o mayor la velocidad relativa de 10 magnetic variable or vice versa. Relative motion causes an electron circulation or induced current within the conductor. These circular eddy currents create electromagnets with magnetic fields that oppose the effect of the applied magnetic field. The stronger the applied magnetic field, or the greater the conductivity of the conductor, or the greater the relative speed of
15 movimiento, mayores serán las corrientes de Foucault y los campos opositores generados. Las corrientes de Foucault crean pérdidas de energía debido al efecto Joule. Más concretamente, dichas corrientes transforman formas útiles de energía, como la cinética, en calor, aunque generalmente es un efecto no deseado, ya que disminuyen la eficiencia de muchos dispositivos que usan 15 movement, greater will be the currents of Foucault and the opposing fields generated. Foucault currents create energy losses due to the Joule effect. More specifically, these currents transform useful forms of energy, such as kinetics, into heat, although it is generally an unwanted effect, since they decrease the efficiency of many devices that use
20 campos magnéticos variables, como los transformadores de núcleo de hierro y los motores eléctricos. 20 variable magnetic fields, such as iron core transformers and electric motors.
La presente invención aprovecha la desventaja que supone la generación de estas corrientes de Foucault y su conversión en calor debido al efecto Joule para calentar un fluido, por ejemplo para conseguir agua caliente sanitaria, aplicando 25 un campo magnético variable que inducecorrientes de Foucault sobre un serpentín de material ferromagnético y por cuyo interior circula el fluido a calentar. The present invention takes advantage of the disadvantage of generating these eddy currents and their conversion into heat due to the Joule effect to heat a fluid, for example to obtain domestic hot water, applying a variable magnetic field that induces eddy currents on a coil of ferromagnetic material and through which the fluid to be heated circulates.
Son bien conocidos, por ejemplo, calentadores de agua eléctricosque incluyen un depósito de agua de considerable tamaño donde se mantiene almacenada agua caliente gracias a la incorporación de una resistencia eléctrica. Éstos ocupan 30 mucho espacio y, cuando la necesidad de flujo de agua caliente es elevada, no satisfacen la demanda de forma adecuada. Por otro lado, también son conocidos They are well known, for example, electric water heaters which include a water tank of considerable size where hot water is kept stored thanks to the incorporation of an electric heater. These take up a lot of space and, when the need for hot water flow is high, they do not meet the demand adequately. On the other hand, they are also known
los calentadores de agua basados en combustibles no renovables, como gas natural o propano, que, además de hacer necesaria su instalación y verificación por parte de técnicos especialistas, conlleva los riesgos conocidos asociados al combustible, tales como posibilidad de deflagración o explosión, inhalación water heaters based on non-renewable fuels, such as natural gas or propane, which, in addition to making their installation and verification by specialist technicians necessary, entail known risks associated with the fuel, such as the possibility of deflagration or explosion, inhalation
5 accidental de gases por mala combustión, etc. 5 accidental gas from bad combustion, etc.
Así el calentador de fluidos de la presente invención permite evitar las desventajas de los dispositivos convencionales conocidos del estado actual de la técnica. Thus, the fluid heater of the present invention avoids the disadvantages of conventional devices known from the current state of the art.
Para ello, el calentador aquí descrito esencialmente consta de un elemento rotor For this, the heater described here essentially consists of a rotor element
10 cilíndrico en el cual se fijan una serie de imanes permanentes y de un elemento conductor hueco dispuesto de forma no movible cercano al rotor, a modo de serpentín, rodeando dicho rotor a cierta distancia y por cuyo interior fluye el fluido a calentar impulsado por una correspondiente bomba. El rotor está adecuadamente conectado al eje de un motor que, a su vez, acciona la citada 10 cylindrical in which a series of permanent magnets and a hollow conductive element arranged in a non-movable manner close to the rotor are fixed, by way of a coil, surrounding said rotor at a certain distance and through which the fluid to be heated flows driven by a corresponding pump. The rotor is properly connected to the axis of an engine that, in turn, drives the aforementioned
15 bomba. El giro del rotor así diseñado genera un campo magnético que varía cíclicamente, de forma que el movimiento relativo entre los imanes permanentes insertos en el rotor y el elemento conductor fijo provocan un campo magnético variable, produciéndose corrientes de Foucault en este último, las cuales, por efecto Joule, provocan el calentamiento del elemento conductor o serpentín 15 bomb The rotation of the rotor thus designed generates a magnetic field that varies cyclically, so that the relative movement between the permanent magnets inserted in the rotor and the fixed conductor element causes a variable magnetic field, producing eddy currents in the latter, which, by Joule effect, they cause heating of the conductive element or coil
20 ferromagnético y, con ello, del fluido que circula por su interior. La transmisión del calor del serpentín sobre el flu ido que circula por el mismo se produceentonces por contacto directo, de manera que la temperatura que se puede alcanzar variará en función de diferentesparámetros, tales como el número y la disposición particular de los imanes en el rotor, su tamaño, su longitud en correspondencia 20 ferromagnetic and, with it, the fluid that circulates inside. The heat transfer of the coil over the fluid flowing through it then occurs by direct contact, so that the temperature that can be reached will vary depending on different parameters, such as the number and the particular arrangement of the magnets in the rotor , its size, its length in correspondence
25 con la longitud del serpentín, etc. 25 with the length of the coil, etc.
A continuación se describe la invención en base a una realización preferente de la The invention will now be described based on a preferred embodiment of the
misma y en referencia a las figuras adjuntas, en las cuales: same and in reference to the attached figures, in which:
Figura 1: vista en perspectiva despiezada de un ejemplo de realización del calentador de la invención; Figure 1: exploded perspective view of an embodiment example of the heater of the invention;
30 Figura 2: vista en perspectiva del ejemplo de la figura 1 estado montado; Figure 2: perspective view of the example of figure 1 assembled state;
Fig. 3: Vista en sección transversal del elemento rotor mostrando la disposición de los imanes. Fig. 3: Cross-sectional view of the rotor element showing the arrangement of the magnets.
En referencia a la figura 1, el calentador de la invención consta de un elemento rotor cilindrico (1) en el cual se fijan una serie de imanes permanentes (11) y de Referring to Figure 1, the heater of the invention consists of a cylindrical rotor element (1) in which a series of permanent magnets (11) and of
5 un elemento conductor hueco (2) dispuesto de forma no movible cercano al rotor, a modo de serpentin, rodeando dicho rotor (1) a cierta distancia y por cuyo interior fluye el fluido a calentar impulsado por una correspondiente bomba (no mostrada). El rotor está adecuadamente conectado al eje (3) de un motor (4) que también suministra energía a la citada bomba. 5 a hollow conductive element (2) arranged in a non-movable manner close to the rotor, as a coil, surrounding said rotor (1) at a certain distance and through which the fluid to be heated flows driven by a corresponding pump (not shown). The rotor is properly connected to the shaft (3) of a motor (4) that also supplies power to said pump.
10 El motor (3) no está limitado en cuanto a su fuente de alimentación, pudiendo tratarse de un motor eléctrico, solar, etc. 10 The motor (3) is not limited in terms of its power supply, and may be an electric motor, solar, etc.
El elemento conductor hueco (2) se dispone longitudinalmente rodeando y alojando en su interior el rotor cilíndrico (1) que porta los imanes permanentes (11), estando dimensionados ambos elementos en cuanto a su diámetro de forma The hollow conductor element (2) is arranged longitudinally surrounding and housing inside the cylindrical rotor (1) that carries the permanent magnets (11), both elements being dimensioned in terms of their shape diameter
15 se facilita esta disposición y dependiendo su longitud de las necesidades de la aplicación particular a la que se refiere. En una realización preferente, la longitud del rotor cilíndrico (1) Y del elemento conductor (2) son aproximadamente iguales. El elemento conductor (2) está fabricado de un material metálico conductor eléctrico, preferentemente cobre. 15 this provision is provided and its length depends on the needs of the particular application to which it refers. In a preferred embodiment, the length of the cylindrical rotor (1) Y of the conductive element (2) is approximately equal. The conductive element (2) is made of an electrically conductive metallic material, preferably copper.
20 Aunque en la presente realización el elemento conductor (2) está confirmado en base a espiras circulares, su forma no está limitada a las mismas, pudiendo ser éstas rectangulares, cuadradas, etc., así como pudiendo éstas disponerse alrededor del rotor cilíndrico (1) de cualquier forma adecuada, transversalmente, longitudinalmente, etc. 20 Although in the present embodiment the conductive element (2) is confirmed based on circular turns, its shape is not limited thereto, they can be rectangular, square, etc., as well as they can be arranged around the cylindrical rotor (1 ) in any suitable way, transversely, longitudinally, etc.
25 La utilización para el elemento conductor (2) de un conductor eléctrico tal como el cobre, sometido a un campo magnético en movimiento proporcionado por el rotor (1), provocan un efecto de movimiento sobre los electrones del cobredebido a la fuerza normal generada en el campo magnético variable, provocando en ellos las corrientes de Foucault, cuya intensidad es proporcional a la velocidad de The use for the conductive element (2) of an electrical conductor such as copper, subjected to a moving magnetic field provided by the rotor (1), causes a movement effect on the electrons of the copper due to the normal force generated in the variable magnetic field, causing eddy currents in them, whose intensity is proportional to the velocity of
30 movimiento y a la amplitud del campo magnético obtenido por los imanes (11). 30 movement and the amplitude of the magnetic field obtained by the magnets (11).
El elemento conductor (2) se conecta por uno de sus extremos, de forma The conductive element (2) is connected by one of its ends, so
convencional y conocida, a unared de suministro de fluido, tal como agua, a calentar, bien sea directamente o bien a través de una bomba de fluido. El otro extremo se conecta correspondientemente a la red de distribución del flu ido una Conventional and known, to a fluid supply network, such as water, to be heated, either directly or through a fluid pump. The other end connects correspondingly to the flow distribution network a
5 vez calentado, por ejemplo a una red doméstica de distribución de agua caliente sanitaria, bien directamente o bien a través de una bomba de fluido. 5 once heated, for example to a domestic domestic hot water distribution network, either directly or through a fluid pump.
En la figura 2 se muestra la disposición en estado montado del rotor cilindrico (1) Figure 2 shows the arrangement in the mounted state of the cylindrical rotor (1)
Y del elemento conductor (2). Como puede observarse en esta figura, una vez And of the conductive element (2). As can be seen in this figure, once
dispuesto el elemento conductor (2) alrededor del rotor (1), ambos elementos arranged the conductive element (2) around the rotor (1), both elements
10 están alojados en una cubierta cilindrica hueca (6) hecha de un material aislante térm ico con el fin de minimizar posibles pérdidas de calor y maximizar el 10 are housed in a hollow cylindrical cover (6) made of a thermal insulating material in order to minimize possible heat losses and maximize the
rendimiento del calentador de la invención. Con este mismo fin, la cubierta (6) heater performance of the invention. For this same purpose, the cover (6)
cilíndrica dispone en sus extremos de sendas tapas circulares (5, 5'), presentando cylindrical has at its ends circular paths (5, 5 '), presenting
la tapa (5) del extremo correspondiente al rotor (1) un orificio circular central para 15 el paso y acoplamiento del eje (3) del motor (4). La cubierta (6) junto con sus tapas (5,5') alojando el rotor cilindrico (1) y el elemento conductor (2) permiten the cover (5) of the end corresponding to the rotor (1) a central circular hole for the passage and coupling of the motor shaft (3) (4). The cover (6) together with its covers (5.5 ') housing the cylindrical rotor (1) and the conductive element (2) allow
que el calentador de la invención presente un diseño compacto y fácilmente instalable en una carcasa pre-diseñada para un calentador convencional. that the heater of the invention has a compact and easily installable design in a pre-designed housing for a conventional heater.
20 permanentes (11) dispuestos sobre la superficie lateral del rotor cilindrico (1) en una configuración de polaridad N-S enfrentada tanto en la dirección longitudinal 20 permanent (11) arranged on the lateral surface of the cylindrical rotor (1) in an N-S polarity configuration facing both in the longitudinal direction
preferente de la invención, los imanes (11) están fabricados a partir de tierras Preferred of the invention, the magnets (11) are made from earth.
raras, en particular se trata de imanes de neodim io o NdFeB, opcionalmente rare, in particular these are neodymium magnets or NdFeB, optionally
25 aleados con terbio y disprosio para aumentar su Temperatura de Curie y opcionalmente revestidos con metales, polímeros o cubiertas de laca para minimizar el riesgo de corrosión. 25 alloys with terbium and dysprosium to increase its Curie Temperature and optionally coated with metals, polymers or lacquer shells to minimize the risk of corrosion.
Claims (10)
- 4. Four.
- Calentador de fluidos según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque el elemento conductor (2) está fabricado de un material metálico conductor. Fluid heater according to claim 1, characterized in that the conductive element (2) is made of a conductive metallic material.
- 5. 5.
- Calentador de fluidos según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque el Fluid heater according to claim 4, characterized in that the
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201430601A ES2549175A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2014-04-23 | Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ES201430601A ES2549175A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2014-04-23 | Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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ES2549175A1 true ES2549175A1 (en) | 2015-10-23 |
Family
ID=54325824
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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ES201430601A Granted ES2549175A1 (en) | 2014-04-23 | 2014-04-23 | Fluid heater (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
Country Status (1)
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017144057A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | Löhr, Mirja Liane | Apparatus for generating heat |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4486638A (en) * | 1981-10-16 | 1984-12-04 | La Material Magnetique | Device for converting rotational kinetic energy to heat by generating eddy currents |
GB2207739A (en) * | 1987-03-10 | 1989-02-08 | Dr Mohammad O A Othman | Wind-driven eddy current water heater |
JPH0835722A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-02-06 | Katsuto Ueru Kk | Hot water supplying apparatus |
WO1996029845A1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-26 | Enviro Ec Ag | Device for heating a medium |
-
2014
- 2014-04-23 ES ES201430601A patent/ES2549175A1/en active Granted
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4486638A (en) * | 1981-10-16 | 1984-12-04 | La Material Magnetique | Device for converting rotational kinetic energy to heat by generating eddy currents |
GB2207739A (en) * | 1987-03-10 | 1989-02-08 | Dr Mohammad O A Othman | Wind-driven eddy current water heater |
JPH0835722A (en) * | 1994-07-25 | 1996-02-06 | Katsuto Ueru Kk | Hot water supplying apparatus |
WO1996029845A1 (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-26 | Enviro Ec Ag | Device for heating a medium |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2017144057A1 (en) * | 2016-02-24 | 2017-08-31 | Löhr, Mirja Liane | Apparatus for generating heat |
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