CN115356484B - Complete equipment and detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains - Google Patents
Complete equipment and detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains Download PDFInfo
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- CN115356484B CN115356484B CN202211286343.XA CN202211286343A CN115356484B CN 115356484 B CN115356484 B CN 115356484B CN 202211286343 A CN202211286343 A CN 202211286343A CN 115356484 B CN115356484 B CN 115356484B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/58—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances
- G01N33/585—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing involving labelled substances with a particulate label, e.g. coloured latex
- G01N33/587—Nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/10—Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/5308—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor for analytes not provided for elsewhere, e.g. nucleic acids, uric acid, worms, mites
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/48—Biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Haemocytometers
- G01N33/50—Chemical analysis of biological material, e.g. blood, urine; Testing involving biospecific ligand binding methods; Immunological testing
- G01N33/53—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor
- G01N33/543—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals
- G01N33/54313—Immunoassay; Biospecific binding assay; Materials therefor with an insoluble carrier for immobilising immunochemicals the carrier being characterised by its particulate form
- G01N33/54346—Nanoparticles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B04—CENTRIFUGAL APPARATUS OR MACHINES FOR CARRYING-OUT PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES
- B04B—CENTRIFUGES
- B04B5/00—Other centrifuges
- B04B5/10—Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges
- B04B2005/105—Centrifuges combined with other apparatus, e.g. electrostatic separators; Sets or systems of several centrifuges being a grinding mill
Abstract
The invention relates to a complete set of equipment and a detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains, wherein the complete set of equipment comprises an equipment tool kit, a preparation mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism, an eight-channel colloidal gold detector, detection test paper and a preparation liquid tank; the detection method of the complete equipment comprises the following steps: s1, erecting equipment; s2, crushing a sample; s3, centrifuging a sample extracting solution; s4, carrying out solid-liquid separation on the sample extracting solution; s5, diluting the extracting solution; and S6, detecting whether the standard is exceeded or not. The invention adopts integrated equipment, has compact equipment structure and convenient carrying, can realize the functions of crushing, extracting, diluting and sampling outdoors, has the detection precision of more than 85 percent of the detection precision of a laboratory, and reduces the external mould interference because the sample extracting solution and the diluent are always subjected to closed treatment in the detection process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of food safety detection, and particularly relates to complete equipment and a detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains.
Background
The mould in nature is widely distributed, has a plurality of pollution opportunities for various agricultural products, and can live on all agricultural products. Mycotoxins are found in seeds of oil crops, fruits, dried fruits, meat products, dairy products, fermented foods and the like in the processes of processing grains and making finished products.
After the agricultural products are polluted by the mould and mycotoxin, the caused harm has two main aspects: firstly, agricultural products are deteriorated due to mould, the edible value is reduced, even the food cannot be eaten, and at least 2% of grains in the world can not be eaten due to mould every year; secondly, mycotoxin poisoning of people and livestock can be caused by the production of toxin by moulds in agricultural products or feeds, wherein the poisoning caused by the mycotoxin is an important factor influencing the safety of the agricultural products.
The existing mould detection needs to be sampled and stored and then is carried to a laboratory for detection, the detection flow is long, the food safety cannot be quickly detected, the transportation, storage and the like of grains are delayed, the existing detection equipment adopted on site is manually operated and is carried with various devices for combined operation, in the operation process, a plurality of extracting solutions and diluent are exposed in the air, the extracting and diluting effects are poor, the mould detection range deviation is caused, the detection result is influenced, and the food safety problem is easily caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains and a detection method thereof, and solves the technical problem that extraction and dilution are easily exposed in the air in the field detection process in the related technology.
The invention solves the technical problem through the following technical scheme:
a complete set of equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains comprises an equipment tool box, a preparation mechanism, a centrifugal mechanism, an eight-channel colloidal gold detector, detection test paper and a preparation liquid tank, wherein a placing groove is formed in the equipment tool box;
the preparation mechanism comprises a stand, a crushing unit and a diluting unit, wherein the crushing unit and the diluting unit are respectively arranged on two sides of the stand, and the stand is in a vertical structure when the complete equipment detects the grain samples;
when the complete equipment is used for preparing a sample extracting solution from a grain sample, the centrifugal mechanism is arranged below the crushing unit, the crushing unit is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal mechanism, the preparation liquid tank is arranged on the outer side of the centrifugal mechanism, the centrifugal mechanism comprises a motor, a centrifugal tank and an opening and closing unit, the opening and closing unit is arranged at the opening end of the centrifugal tank, and an output shaft of the motor is arranged on one side, far away from the opening end, of the centrifugal tank;
the crushing unit crushes grain samples, the crushed grain samples enter the centrifugal tank through the opening and closing unit, preparation liquid is stored in the preparation liquid tank and enters the centrifugal tank, and the preparation liquid and the crushed grain samples are mixed into a sample extracting solution;
the opening and closing unit comprises a driving piece and a horizontal closing sector plate, wherein a vertical closing arc plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the horizontal closing sector plate, when the driving piece drives the horizontal closing sector plate to be closed inwards, the vertical closing arc plate is engaged and closed inwards in a staggered mode, an end closing sector plate is arranged on the inner side wall of the vertical closing arc plate, the end closing sector plate is closed inwards under the driving of the vertical closing arc plate, and the end side of the vertical closing arc plate is engaged and closed in a sealed and staggered mode;
when the motor drives the centrifugal tank to rotate, one end of the vertical closed arc plate which is engaged in a staggered mode and close to the near-end closed fan plate extends into the centrifugal tank, a liquid part in the sample extracting solution climbs along the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate, a solid part in the sample extracting solution slides downwards along the side wall of the centrifugal tank, and the liquid part and the solid part in the sample extracting solution are separated;
when this complete sets was used for sample extract preparation sample diluent, centrifugal mechanism installed to the top of diluting the unit, and the centrifugation jar is invertd, opens and close the open end below that the unit is located the centrifugation jar, liquid portion and solid part layer in the sample extract, and the solid portion laminating distributes at the outer wall of vertical closed arc board, and when opening and close the unit and open, vertical closed arc board outwards moved, drove the lateral wall of solid portion laminating centrifugation jar, and liquid portion communicates to the inside of diluting the unit.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the driving member comprises a linkage fluted disc, a meshing gear and a driving gear, a ring of teeth are arranged on the inner side of the linkage fluted disc, local teeth are arranged on one side of the linkage fluted disc close to the driving gear, the linkage fluted disc is connected with the driving gear through the local teeth, the meshing gear is connected with the inner side teeth of the linkage fluted disc, one end of the horizontal closing sector plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the meshing gear, when the driving gear drives the linkage fluted disc to rotate, the linkage fluted disc drives the meshing gear connected with the inner wall of the linkage fluted disc to rotate, and the horizontal closing sector plate rotates inwards around the center of the meshing gear as an axis.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, one side of the linkage fluted disc is provided with a knob, the bottom side of the knob is provided with teeth, and the bottom side of the knob is connected with the driving gear through the teeth.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the crushing unit comprises a sample tank and a crusher, the sample tank is arranged on one side of the stand, the crusher is arranged at the bottom end of the sample tank, and the crusher is used for crushing grain samples.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the dilution unit comprises a diluter body and a release valve, wherein the release valve is arranged at the bottom end of the diluter body, and the release valve is used for releasing diluted sample extracting solution.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a diluent injection joint is arranged on the lateral side of the diluter body and is used for connecting a preparation liquid tank, and diluent is arranged in the preparation liquid tank connected with the diluent injection joint.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a reagent dropping supporting plate is arranged on the outer wall of one side of the vertical frame, which is close to the dilution unit, the reagent dropping supporting plate is positioned below the release valve, and the detection test paper is horizontally placed on the upper surface of the reagent dropping supporting plate to bear the diluted sample.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, the pulverizer comprises a shell, a crank and a pulverizing roller, wherein one end of the crank is arranged at the end part of the pulverizing roller, and the pulverizing roller is in snap fit with the inner wall of the shell.
As a further optimization scheme of the invention, a quick-release support is further arranged in the equipment tool box, and when the complete equipment detects the grain sample, the quick-release support is arranged on the outer wall of the bottom end of the vertical frame.
A complete equipment detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains comprises the following steps:
s1: before grain grains are subjected to safety testing, equipment needs to be erected firstly, a quick-release support is installed at the bottom end of a vertical frame and is vertically placed on a horizontal plane, then a preparation liquid tank is taken out and installed at a corresponding connection part of a centrifugal mechanism and a dilution unit, the centrifugal mechanism is installed in a first clamping piece below the preparation mechanism, and testing operation is started;
s2: inputting a weighed sample into a sample tank, enabling the sample to fall into a crusher through a channel at the bottom of the sample tank, manually rotating the crusher through a crank to drive a crushing roller and the inner wall of a shell to be occluded, extruded and rubbed to crush the sample, crushing the sample into small particles, and enabling the small particles to fall onto an opening and closing unit which is of a closed structure;
s3: the preparation method comprises the steps that a liquid tank is prepared to push a certain amount of extracting solution, the extracting solution and a sample are mixed according to a proportion, the extracting solution enters a centrifugal tank, then an opening and closing unit is opened, the crushed sample enters the centrifugal tank, then the opening and closing unit is closed, at the moment, a vertical closed arc plate connected with the opening and closing unit is also synchronously closed to form a conical structure and extend to the inside of the centrifugal tank, the centrifugal tank is driven by a motor to rotate, components in the sample enter the extracting solution under the rotating action, the extracting solution is extruded by the outer surface of the conical vertical closed arc plate, the extracting solution can form a climbing rod effect, the extracting solution ascends, and solid parts in the sample are quickly attached to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank and slide downwards under the centrifugal action;
s4: after the centrifugal mechanism works, the whole centrifugal mechanism is taken down, the centrifugal mechanism is inverted, the second clamping piece is positioned above the dilution unit, one end of the centrifugal tank is installed on the second clamping piece, the bottom end of the centrifugal tank is opposite to the upper side of the dilution unit, after the centrifuged sample extracting solution is placed in the centrifugal tank for 1-3min, the solid part and the liquid part of the sample extracting solution are layered, the solid part is accumulated on the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate, when the opening and closing unit is opened, the vertical closed arc plate is extruded towards the side wall of the centrifugal tank to drive the solid part to be attached to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank, and the liquid part quickly enters the dilution unit through the opened opening and closing unit;
s5: injecting diluent into the diluting unit through a preparation liquid tank connected to the diluting unit, mixing the injected diluent and the extracting solution according to a proportion, releasing through a release valve at the lower part after mixing and standing, horizontally placing detection test paper for testing corresponding parameters on a reagent dropping supporting plate, dropping the diluted extracting solution onto the detection test paper, inserting the detection test paper into a detection end of an eight-channel colloidal gold detector, displaying the parameters through a display module on the eight-channel colloidal gold detector, and further judging whether the parameters exceed the standard;
s6: the release valve can release the test paper for many times, when different parameter indexes are detected each time, the corresponding test paper is replaced, the test paper on which the reagent is dripped is inserted into the eight-channel colloidal gold detector for detection, the detection result given by the eight-channel colloidal gold detector is recorded, and the standard exceeding condition of each parameter index value in the grain sample is obtained.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the integrated device is adopted, the device is compact in structure and convenient to carry, the functions of crushing, extracting, diluting and sampling can be realized outdoors, the detection precision can reach more than 85% of the detection precision of a laboratory, and in the detection process, the sample, the extracting solution and the diluent are always subjected to closed treatment, so that the external mould interference is reduced;
according to the centrifugal pump, the vertical closed arc plates connected in the opening and closing unit rotate along with the horizontal closed fan plates to form a conical structure, the conical structure extends into the centrifugal tank, the extracting solution can form a climbing rod effect, the extracting solution ascends upwards, the separation of a solid part and a liquid part in a sample is accelerated, and the centrifugal efficiency is improved;
in the dilution process, the vertical closed arc plates connected in the opening and closing unit rotate along with the horizontal closed fan plate, and when the opening unit is opened, the vertical closed arc plates can drive the solid part in the extracting solution to be attached to the wall body, so that the flow of filtering the filter paper or extracting the reagent by a reagent gun is avoided, the quick separation effect of the extract in the sample is improved, and the contact probability of the extracting solution and the outside is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic top view of the open state of the tool box of a complete set of equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the open state of the tool box of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the complete equipment shown in FIG. 1 in a working state;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of the complete equipment in FIG. 3 in a use state;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the centrifuge mechanism of FIG. 3 in a state mounted to the dilution unit;
FIG. 6 is a structural schematic view of a vertical cross-section of the mount of FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the vertical cross-sectional configuration of the mount of FIG. 5;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an opening and closing unit of a complete set of equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the opening and closing unit in FIG. 8 in a front view in an opened state;
FIG. 10 is a schematic front view of the open/close unit in FIG. 8 in a closed state;
fig. 11 is a schematic top view of the opening and closing unit in fig. 10 in a closed state.
In the figure: 100. an equipment tool box; 200. a preparation mechanism; 210. a sample tank; 220. a pulverizer; 230. a first clip member; 240. erecting a frame; 250. a dilution unit; 251. a diluter body; 252. a second clip member; 253. a diluent injection joint; 254. a release valve; 260. a reagent dropping support plate; 300. a centrifugal mechanism; 310. a motor; 320. a mounting member; 321. a bracket; 322. an extracting solution injection joint; 323. a centrifuge tank; 324. a connecting shaft; 330. an opening and closing unit; 331. a linkage fluted disc; 332. a knob; 333. a drive gear; 334. horizontally closing the fan plate; 335. a vertical closed arc plate; 336. a meshing gear; 337. end-closed fan plates; 400. a quick-release bracket; 500. an eight-channel colloidal gold detector; 600. detecting test paper; 700. a tank was prepared.
Detailed Description
The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings, it should be noted that the following detailed description is given for illustrative purposes only and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application, as those skilled in the art will be able to make numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations to the present application based on the above disclosure.
Example one
Referring to fig. 1-11, a complete set of equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grain comprises an equipment tool kit 100, a preparation mechanism 200, a centrifugal mechanism 300, an eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500, a detection test paper 600 and a preparation liquid tank 700, wherein a placement groove is formed in the equipment tool kit 100, and the preparation mechanism 200, the centrifugal mechanism 300, the eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500, the detection test paper 600 and the preparation liquid tank 700 are placed in the corresponding placement grooves;
the preparation mechanism 200 comprises a vertical frame 240, a crushing unit and a diluting unit 250, wherein the crushing unit and the diluting unit 250 are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical frame 240, and the vertical frame 240 is in a vertical structure when the complete equipment detects grain samples;
when the complete equipment is used for preparing a sample extracting solution from a grain sample, the centrifugal mechanism 300 is arranged below the crushing unit, the crushing unit is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal mechanism 300, the preparation liquid tank 700 is arranged on the outer side of the centrifugal mechanism 300, the centrifugal mechanism 300 comprises a motor 310, a centrifugal tank 323 and an opening and closing unit 330, the opening and closing unit 330 is arranged at the opening end of the centrifugal tank 323, and an output shaft of the motor 310 is arranged at one side, away from the opening end, of the centrifugal tank 323;
one side of the centrifugal tank 323, which is far away from the opening end, is connected with a connecting shaft 324, and the connecting shaft 324 is used for being connected with an output shaft of the motor 310;
the crushing unit crushes grain samples, the crushed grain samples enter the centrifugal tank 323 through the opening and closing unit 330, preparation liquid is stored in the preparation liquid tank 700 and enters the centrifugal tank 323, and the preparation liquid and the crushed grain samples are mixed into a sample extracting solution;
the opening and closing unit 330 is of an iris structure, the opening and closing unit 330 comprises a driving part and a horizontal closing sector plate 334, a vertical closing arc plate 335 is arranged on the inner side wall of the horizontal closing sector plate 334, when the driving part drives the horizontal closing sector plate 334 to be closed inwards, the vertical closing arc plate 335 is meshed and closed inwards in a staggered mode, an end closing sector plate 337 is arranged on the inner side wall of the vertical closing arc plate 335, the end closing sector plate 337 is driven by the vertical closing arc plate 335 to be closed inwards, and the end side of the vertical closing arc plate 335 is meshed and closed in a sealed mode;
when the motor 310 drives the centrifugal tank 323 to rotate, one end of the vertical closed arc plate 335, which is engaged in a staggered manner and is close to the end closed fan plate 337, extends into the centrifugal tank 323, the liquid part in the sample extracting solution climbs along the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate 335, the solid part in the sample extracting solution slides downwards along the side wall of the centrifugal tank 323, and the liquid part and the solid part in the sample extracting solution are separated;
the mounting member 320 is installed at one end of the output shaft of the motor 310, the mounting member 320 comprises a bracket 321, a conical cavity is arranged in the bracket 321, the extracting solution injection joint 322 is arranged at one side of the bracket 321 and extends to the open end of the centrifugal tank 323, so that the extracting solution can be injected conveniently, the centrifugal tank 323 is also arranged into a conical structure matched with the conical cavity, and the centrifugal tank 323 can rotate in the conical cavity, so that the centrifugal operation is realized;
it should be added that when the opening and closing unit 330 is closed, the side surfaces of the vertical closed arc plates 335 are attached to each other, some of the side surfaces are overlapped with each other, and when the opening and closing unit 330 is opened, the side edges of the vertical closed arc plates 335 are opposite, and a circle of vertical closed arc plates 335 form a complete conical structure attached to the side wall of the centrifuge tank 323;
when the complete equipment is used for preparing a sample diluent by using a sample extracting solution, after centrifugation, the centrifugal mechanism 300 needs to be detached from the preparation mechanism 200, and the centrifugal mechanism is installed above the dilution unit 250, at the moment, the centrifugal tank 323 is inverted, the opening and closing unit 330 is located below the opening end of the centrifugal tank 323, the opening and closing unit 330 is in a closed state, the sample extracting solution is waited to be stood, a liquid part and a solid part layer are formed after the sample extracting solution is stood, the solid part is attached to the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate 335 and distributed, when the opening and closing unit 330 is opened, the vertical closed arc plate 335 moves outwards, the side wall of the centrifugal tank 323 with the solid part attached is driven, and the liquid part is communicated to the inside of the dilution unit 250.
The driving piece comprises a linkage fluted disc 331, a meshing gear 336 and a driving gear 333, a ring of teeth are arranged on the inner side of the linkage fluted disc 331, partial teeth are arranged on one side, close to the driving gear 333, of the linkage fluted disc 331, the linkage fluted disc 331 is connected with the driving gear 333 through the partial teeth, the meshing gear 336 is connected with the inner teeth of the linkage fluted disc 331, one end of a horizontal closing sector plate 334 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the meshing gear 336, when the driving gear 333 drives the linkage fluted disc 331 to rotate, the linkage fluted disc 331 drives the meshing gear 336 connected with the inner wall of the linkage fluted disc 331 to rotate, and the horizontal closing sector plate 334 rotates inwards around the center of the meshing gear 336.
One side of the linkage gear disc 331 is provided with a knob 332, and the bottom side of the knob 332 is provided with teeth, and the bottom side of the knob 332 is connected with the driving gear 333 through the teeth.
The pulverizing unit includes a sample tank 210 and a pulverizer 220, the sample tank 210 is installed at one side of the stand 240, the pulverizer 220 is installed at the bottom end of the sample tank 210, and the pulverizer 220 is used for pulverizing grain samples.
The dilution unit 250 includes a diluter body 251 and a release valve 254, the release valve 254 being installed at a bottom end of the diluter body 251, the release valve 254 being for releasing the diluted sample extracting solution.
A diluent injection joint 253 is arranged on the lateral side of the diluent body 251, the diluent injection joint 253 is used for connecting the preparation liquid tank 700, and diluent is arranged inside the preparation liquid tank 700 connected with the diluent injection joint 253.
The preparation liquid tank 700 is similar to an injector structure, specific scale parameters are provided, the amount of the preparation liquid injected into the dilution unit 250 or the centrifugal mechanism 300 can be observed through the scale parameters, the preparation liquid tank 700 comprises two types of a diluent injector and an extracting liquid injector, and a plurality of groups are arranged in the equipment tool box 100;
the outer wall of one side of the vertical frame 240 close to the dilution unit 250 is provided with a reagent dropping support plate 260, the reagent dropping support plate 260 is positioned below the release valve 254, and the detection test paper 600 is horizontally placed on the upper surface of the reagent dropping support plate 260 to bear the diluted sample.
The shredder 220 includes a housing, a crank mounted at its end and a shredder roller that forms a snap fit with the inner wall of the housing.
A crushing channel matched with the crushing roller is arranged on the inner side of the shell, and the outer wall of the crushing roller is provided with auxiliary crushing structures such as a crushing blade and the like for quickly crushing a sample to form small particles so as to be conveniently and quickly mixed with an extracting solution;
the equipment tool box 100 is further provided with a quick-release support 400, and when the complete equipment detects grain samples, the quick-release support 400 is mounted on the outer wall of the bottom end of the vertical frame 240.
As shown in fig. 3, the quick release bracket 400 is an existing tripod structure, and has a connecting member at its upper end to form a stable connecting structure with the bottom side of the vertical frame 240, so as to facilitate the erection of equipment for testing operation;
a complete equipment detection method for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains comprises the following steps:
s1: before grain grains are subjected to safety testing, equipment needs to be erected firstly, the quick-release support 400 is installed at the bottom end of the vertical frame 240, the quick-release support 400 is vertically placed on a horizontal plane, then the preparation liquid tank 700 is taken out and installed at a corresponding connection position of the centrifugal mechanism 300 and the dilution unit 250, then the centrifugal mechanism 300 is installed in the first clamping piece 230 below the preparation mechanism 200, and testing operation is started;
the first clamping member 230 includes but is not limited to a clamping shape, and a clamping member is arranged above the centrifugal mechanism 300, so that when the clamping member is relatively inserted, the end surface of the opening and closing unit 330 is communicated with the discharging end of the pulverizer 220;
s2: the weighed sample is input into the sample tank 210, the sample falls into the crusher 220 through a channel at the bottom of the sample tank 210, the crusher 220 is manually rotated through a crank to drive the crushing roller and the inner wall of the shell to be occluded, extruded and rubbed to crush the sample, so that the sample is crushed into small particles and falls onto the opening and closing unit 330, and at the moment, the opening and closing unit 330 is of a closed structure;
s3: a certain amount of extracting solution is pushed by the preparation liquid tank 700, the extracting solution and the sample are mixed according to a ratio, if the sample is 2.0mg, the extracting solution is 3.0-4.0ml, the extracting solution enters the centrifugal tank 323, then the opening and closing unit 330 is opened, the crushed sample enters the centrifugal tank 323, then the opening and closing unit 330 is closed, the vertical closed arc plate 335 connected with the opening and closing unit 330 is synchronously closed at the moment to form a conical structure and extends into the centrifugal tank 323, the centrifugal tank 323 is driven by the motor 310 to rotate, components in the sample enter the extracting solution under the rotation action, the extracting solution is extruded by the outer surface of the conical vertical closed arc plate 335, the extracting solution can form a climbing rod effect, the extracting solution ascends upwards, and solid parts in the sample quickly adhere to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank 323 and slide downwards under the centrifugal action;
specifically, the opening and closing process of the opening and closing unit 330 is as follows:
when the door is closed, the knob 332 is rotated, the teeth at the bottom side of the knob 332 drive the driving gear 333 to rotate, the driving gear 333 is installed on the frame body of the opening and closing unit 330, partial teeth on the linkage fluted disc 331 meshed and connected with the driving gear 333 are stirred, namely the linkage fluted disc 331 is driven to rotate, the linkage fluted disc 331 rotates to drive the internal meshing gear 336 to rotate, the rotation of the meshing gear 336 causes the horizontal closing sector plate 334 connected with the horizontal closing sector plate to rotate, the structure of the horizontal closing sector plate 334 is shown in fig. 8, and the side walls of each sector plate are mutually attached and can synchronously rotate under the rotation action of the knob 332 to form a state of closing towards the middle;
when the door is opened, the knob 332 is rotated reversely to drive the driving gear 333, the linkage fluted disc 331 and the meshing gear 336 to rotate reversely, so that the opening is realized;
in the opening and closing process, the vertical closing arc plate 335 connected with the horizontal closing sector plate 334 is opened and closed synchronously to drive the end closing sector plate 337 inside to form a similar opening and closing state with the horizontal closing sector plate 334, so as to realize the closing of the end part of the vertical closing arc plate 335;
s4: after the centrifugal mechanism 300 operates, the centrifugal mechanism 300 is taken down, after inversion, one end of a centrifugal tank 323 is installed on a second clamping piece 252, the second clamping piece 252 is located above a dilution unit 250, the bottom end of the centrifugal tank 323 is opposite to the upper side of the dilution unit 250, after a centrifuged sample extracting solution is placed in the centrifugal tank 323 for 1-3min, a solid part and a liquid part of the sample extracting solution are layered, the solid part is accumulated on the outer wall of a vertical closed arc plate 335, when an opening and closing unit 330 is opened, the vertical closed arc plate 335 extrudes towards the side wall of the centrifugal tank 323 to drive the solid part to be attached to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank 323, and the liquid part quickly enters the dilution unit 250 through the opened opening and closing unit 330;
the second engaging member 252 includes but is not limited to a buckle shape, and a buckle member is disposed above the centrifugal mechanism 300, so that when the centrifugal mechanism is relatively inserted, the end surface of the opening and closing unit 330 is in end-to-end communication with the feed end of the diluter 251;
s5: injecting diluent into the diluting unit 250 through a preparation liquid tank 700 connected to the diluting unit 250, wherein the injected diluent and the extracting solution are mixed according to a proportion, if the extracting solution is 1.5ml, the extracting solution is 2.3-3.5ml, after mixing and standing, the extracting solution is released through a release valve 254 at the lower part, the detection test paper 600 for testing corresponding parameters is horizontally placed on the reagent drip supporting plate 260, after the diluted extracting solution drips onto the detection test paper 600, the detection test paper 600 is inserted into the detection end of the eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500, and the parameters are displayed through a display module on the eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500, so that whether the parameters exceed the standard is judged;
s6: the release valve 254 can release the test paper for a plurality of times, when different parameter indexes are detected each time, the corresponding test paper 600 is replaced, the test paper 600 on which the reagent is dropped is inserted into the eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500 for detection, the detection result given by the eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500 is recorded, and the standard exceeding condition of each parameter index value in the grain sample can be obtained.
The eight-channel colloidal gold detector 500 is an existing device, utilizes the principle of measuring the intensity of an attenuated signal by using a photosensitive sensor, and is applicable to colloidal gold immunochromatography items such as PCT, HIV, CRP, NT-proBNP, MYO and the like;
the detection test paper 600 includes but is not limited to a gibberellin ketene colloidal gold detection card, an aflatoxin B colloidal gold detection card, an ochratoxin A colloidal gold detection card, a vomitoxin colloidal gold detection card, a variegated aspergillomycin colloidal gold detection card, an fumonisin colloidal gold detection card, a trichothecene compound colloidal gold detection card, fumonisin and patulin colloidal gold detection card, an citrinin colloidal gold detection card, a viridin colloidal gold detection card, and the like, and can be used for detecting fungi affecting safety, such as gibberellin, aflatoxin B, ochratoxin A, vomitoxin, and the like.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments, which are only illustrative and not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention and the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a complete sets of mycotoxin in short-term test grain, includes equipment tool case (100), preparation mechanism (200), centrifugal mechanism (300), eight passageway colloidal gold detectors (500), test paper (600) and preparation fluid reservoir (700), its characterized in that: a placing groove is formed in the equipment tool box (100), and the preparation mechanism (200), the centrifugal mechanism (300), the eight-channel colloidal gold detector (500), the detection test paper (600) and the preparation liquid tank (700) are placed in the corresponding placing groove;
the preparation mechanism (200) comprises a vertical frame (240), a crushing unit and a diluting unit (250), wherein the crushing unit and the diluting unit (250) are respectively arranged on two sides of the vertical frame (240), and the vertical frame (240) is of a vertical structure when the complete equipment detects the grain samples;
when the complete equipment is used for preparing a sample extracting solution from a grain sample, a centrifugal mechanism (300) is arranged below a crushing unit, the crushing unit is communicated with the inside of the centrifugal mechanism (300), a preparation liquid tank (700) is arranged on the outer side of the centrifugal mechanism (300), the centrifugal mechanism (300) comprises a motor (310), a centrifugal tank (323) and an opening and closing unit (330), the opening and closing unit (330) is arranged at the opening end of the centrifugal tank (323), and an output shaft of the motor (310) is arranged on one side, away from the opening end, of the centrifugal tank (323);
the crushing unit crushes grain samples, the crushed grain samples enter the centrifugal tank (323) through the opening and closing unit (330), preparation liquid is stored in the preparation liquid tank (700), the preparation liquid enters the centrifugal tank (323), and the preparation liquid and the crushed grain samples are mixed into a sample extracting solution;
the opening and closing unit (330) comprises a driving piece and a horizontal closing sector plate (334), a vertical closing arc plate (335) is arranged on the inner side wall of the horizontal closing sector plate (334), when the driving piece drives the horizontal closing sector plate (334) to be closed inwards, the vertical closing arc plate (335) is meshed and closed inwards in a staggered mode, an end closing sector plate (337) is arranged on the inner side wall of the vertical closing arc plate (335), the end closing sector plate (337) is driven by the vertical closing arc plate (335) to be closed inwards, and the end side of the vertical closing arc plate (335) in the staggered mode is sealed;
the driving piece comprises a linkage fluted disc (331), a meshing gear (336) and a driving gear (333), a ring of teeth are arranged on the inner side of the linkage fluted disc (331), local teeth are arranged on one side, close to the driving gear (333), of the linkage fluted disc (331), the linkage fluted disc (331) is connected with the driving gear (333) through the local teeth, the meshing gear (336) is connected with the teeth on the inner side of the linkage fluted disc (331), one end of a horizontal closing sector plate (334) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the meshing gear (336), when the driving gear (333) drives the linkage fluted disc (331) to rotate, the linkage fluted disc (331) drives the meshing gear (336) connected with the inner wall of the linkage fluted disc (331) to rotate, and the horizontal closing sector plate (334) rotates inwards around the center of the meshing gear (336);
when the motor (310) drives the centrifugal tank (323) to rotate, one end of the vertical closed arc plate (335) which is meshed in a staggered mode and close to the end closed fan plate (337) extends into the centrifugal tank (323), a liquid part in the sample extracting solution climbs along the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate (335), a solid part in the sample extracting solution slides downwards along the side wall of the centrifugal tank (323), and the liquid part and the solid part in the sample extracting solution are separated;
when the complete equipment is used for preparing a sample diluent from a sample extracting solution, a centrifugal mechanism (300) is installed above a diluting unit (250), a centrifugal tank (323) is inverted, an opening and closing unit (330) is located below an opening end of the centrifugal tank (323), a liquid part and a solid part layer in the sample extracting solution are arranged, the solid part is attached to the outer wall of a vertical closed arc plate (335) and distributed, when the opening and closing unit (330) is opened, the vertical closed arc plate (335) moves outwards, the side wall of the solid part attached to the centrifugal tank (323) is driven, and the liquid part is communicated to the inside of the diluting unit (250).
2. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 1, characterized in that: one side of the linkage fluted disc (331) is provided with a knob (332), the bottom side of the knob (332) is provided with teeth, and the bottom side of the knob (332) is connected with a driving gear (333) through the teeth.
3. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the crushing unit comprises a sample tank (210) and a crusher (220), wherein the sample tank (210) is installed on one side of the stand (240), the crusher (220) is installed at the bottom end of the sample tank (210), and the crusher (220) is used for crushing grain samples.
4. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 3, is characterized in that: the dilution unit (250) comprises a diluter body (251) and a release valve (254), wherein the release valve (254) is installed at the bottom end of the diluter body (251), and the release valve (254) is used for releasing diluted sample extracting solution.
5. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the lateral side of the diluter body (251) is provided with a diluent injection joint (253), the diluent injection joint (253) is used for connecting the preparation liquid tank (700), and the diluent is arranged in the preparation liquid tank (700) connected with the diluent injection joint (253).
6. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the outer wall of one side of the vertical frame (240) close to the dilution unit (250) is provided with a reagent dropping support plate (260), the reagent dropping support plate (260) is positioned below the release valve (254), and the detection test paper (600) is horizontally placed on the upper surface of the reagent dropping support plate (260) to bear a diluted sample.
7. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the pulverizer (220) comprises a shell, a crank and a pulverizing roller, wherein one end of the crank is installed at the end part of the pulverizing roller, and the pulverizing roller is in snap fit with the inner wall of the shell.
8. The complete equipment for rapidly detecting mycotoxin in grains according to claim 7, is characterized in that: still be equipped with quick detach support (400) in equipment toolbox (100), and quick detach support (400) when complete sets detected the operation to grain sample, quick detach support (400) were installed on the bottom outer wall of grudging post (240).
9. The method for detecting mycotoxin in grain as claimed in claim 8, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
s1: before grain grains are subjected to safety testing, equipment needs to be erected, a quick-release support (400) is installed at the bottom end of a vertical frame (240), the quick-release support (400) is vertically placed on a horizontal plane, then a preparation liquid tank (700) is taken out and installed at a corresponding connection position of a centrifugal mechanism (300) and a dilution unit (250), the centrifugal mechanism (300) is installed in a first clamping piece (230) below a preparation mechanism (200), and testing operation is started;
s2: weighing a sample, inputting the weighed sample into a sample tank (210), enabling the sample to fall into a pulverizer (220) through a channel at the bottom of the sample tank (210), enabling the pulverizer (220) to rotate manually through a crank to drive a pulverizing roller and the inner wall of a shell to engage, extrude and rub the pulverized sample, enabling the sample to be pulverized into small particles, and enabling the small particles to fall onto an opening and closing unit (330), wherein the opening and closing unit (330) is of a closed structure;
s3: a certain amount of extracting solution is pushed into a centrifugal tank (323) through a preparation solution tank (700) arranged on a centrifugal mechanism (300), the extracting solution and a sample are mixed according to a ratio, after the extracting solution enters the centrifugal tank (323), an opening and closing unit (330) is opened, the crushed sample enters the centrifugal tank (323), the opening and closing unit (330) is closed, at the moment, a vertical closed arc plate (335) connected with the opening and closing unit (330) is synchronously closed to form a conical structure and extends into the centrifugal tank (323), the centrifugal tank (323) is driven by a motor (310) to rotate, components in the sample enter the extracting solution under the rotation action, the extracting solution is extruded by the outer surface of the conical vertical closed arc plate (335), the extracting solution can form a climbing rod effect, the extracting solution ascends upwards, and solid parts in the sample quickly adhere to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank (323) and slide downwards under the centrifugal action;
s4: after the centrifugal mechanism (300) works, the centrifugal mechanism (300) is taken down, the centrifugal mechanism is inverted, the second clamping piece (252) is located above the dilution unit (250), one end of the centrifugal tank (323) is installed on the second clamping piece (252), the bottom end of the centrifugal tank (323) is opposite to the upper portion of the dilution unit (250), after the centrifuged sample extracting solution stands still in the centrifugal tank (323) for 1-3min, the solid part and the liquid part of the sample extracting solution are layered, the solid part is accumulated on the outer wall of the vertical closed arc plate (335), when the opening and closing unit (330) is opened, the vertical closed arc plate (335) extrudes towards the side wall of the centrifugal tank (323) to drive the solid part to be attached to the inner wall of the centrifugal tank (323), and the liquid part quickly enters the dilution unit (250) through the opened opening and closing unit (330);
s5: the method comprises the steps that diluent is injected into a dilution unit (250) through a preparation liquid tank (700) connected to the dilution unit (250), the injected diluent and extracting solution are mixed according to a proportion, after the diluent and the extracting solution are mixed and stand still, the diluent and the extracting solution are released through a release valve (254) at the lower part, detection test paper (600) for testing corresponding parameters is horizontally placed on a reagent dropping supporting plate (260), after the diluted extracting solution drops to the detection test paper (600), the detection test paper (600) is inserted into a detection end of an eight-channel colloidal gold detector (500), parameters are displayed through a display module on the eight-channel colloidal gold detector (500), and whether the parameters exceed the standard is judged;
s6: the release valve (254) can release the test paper for multiple times, when different parameter indexes are detected each time, the corresponding test paper (600) is replaced, the test paper (600) on which the reagent is dripped is inserted into the eight-channel colloidal gold detector (500) for detection, the detection result given by the eight-channel colloidal gold detector (500) is recorded, and the standard exceeding condition of each parameter index value in the grain sample is obtained.
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