CN115354781A - Template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method thereof - Google Patents
Template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115354781A CN115354781A CN202211106806.XA CN202211106806A CN115354781A CN 115354781 A CN115354781 A CN 115354781A CN 202211106806 A CN202211106806 A CN 202211106806A CN 115354781 A CN115354781 A CN 115354781A
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- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/56—Load-bearing walls of framework or pillarwork; Walls incorporating load-bearing elongated members
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2/8635—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms with ties attached to the inner faces of the forms
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B5/00—Floors; Floor construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted therefor
- E04B5/16—Load-carrying floor structures wholly or partly cast or similarly formed in situ
- E04B5/32—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements
- E04B5/36—Floor structures wholly cast in situ with or without form units or reinforcements with form units as part of the floor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
- E04B2/00—Walls, e.g. partitions, for buildings; Wall construction with regard to insulation; Connections specially adapted to walls
- E04B2/84—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ
- E04B2/86—Walls made by casting, pouring, or tamping in situ made in permanent forms
- E04B2002/8682—Mixed technique using permanent and reusable forms
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
Abstract
A construction method of a template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure comprises a plurality of cement-based artificial stone plates with decorative surfaces and a metal framework, wherein nuts are embedded in the back of the cement-based artificial stone plates, the nuts are in threaded connection with one end of an anchoring connecting rod, a plurality of cement-based artificial stone plates are arranged around the metal framework in a surrounding mode, concrete is poured into the plurality of cement-based artificial stone plates in the surrounding mode, a main body of the anchoring connecting rod is arranged in the poured concrete, and an anchoring portion is arranged on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod. The invention adopts the cement-based artificial stone board to replace the template to form the cast-in-situ building, which not only can reduce the cost of various templates in the existing cast-in-situ construction, but also can directly reduce the construction of mold assembling, mold disassembling, trimming and necessary decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation in the later period. Not only greatly reduces various expenses, but also can simultaneously realize delicate internal and external decoration, efficient bidirectional heat preservation and insulation function and extremely silent and healthy indoor environment in each independent space of the building.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and a construction method thereof.
Background
The existing cast-in-place building mainly adopts the following method: the construction method comprises the steps of fixing a steel bar framework made of steel bars on a construction site, enclosing the framework by using formworks made of various materials such as steel, aluminum and wood, completely fixing the formworks by various reinforcing members, then pouring concrete, removing the formworks and finishing after the concrete is solidified, and finally performing heat preservation, sound insulation and decoration construction according to needs, thereby forming the finished building capable of being used in residence. The existing construction method of cast-in-place buildings has the following defects: 1. the templates must be used in large quantities. The cost of the template accounts for 20-30% of the construction cost, accounts for 50% of the construction period, accounts for 30-40% of the engineering workload, the mass use of the template is the main reason of overhigh construction cost of the existing building, meanwhile, the production of various templates needs to consume a large amount of resources, according to statistics, the steel consumption of the cast-in-place template of the Chinese building, which accounts for less steel templates, exceeds 300 ten thousand tons each year, and the steel templates consume a large amount of energy from ore mining to smelting processing and can generate a large amount of carbon emission; the popular aluminum template in recent years has high cost, and the exploitation, smelting and processing of aluminum also cause great pollution; the larger bamboo wood template can meet the requirements only by cutting forests more than ten thousand hectares each year; the carbon emission and pollution generated by the composite template are also serious, and the bamboo and wood and the composite template have low strength and are easy to damage, so a large amount of harmful garbage can be generated. 2. The concrete surface after the form removal must be decorated, heat-insulated and soundproof to become a usable finished building, and the prior art has the following defects: firstly, no matter the construction of decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation needs to spend a large amount of manpower and material resources, secondly, the existing decorative materials such as paint, ceramic tiles, stones and the like can not reach the standard of green building materials generally, and some even completely violate the concept of green building materials. Meanwhile, the existing thermal insulation and sound insulation material has various defects in fixed installation. In summary, the existing cast-in-place construction technology has the problems of low construction efficiency, high construction cost, large waste, overhigh carbon emission and the like due to the fact that a template is required to be used and decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation construction is required to be carried out.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and a construction method thereof, and aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a construction method of a template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure comprises the following steps:
A. preparation for construction
(1) The cement-based artificial stone slab is prepared by using cement and aggregate as main raw materials and using vibration as a basic slab making technical means, and is maintained and thickened to form the cement-based artificial stone slab, and the front surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab forms a veneer layer in one of stripping, printing, adhering, wrapping and other modes; the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate is provided with an embedded nut, the nut is in threaded connection with one end of the anchoring connecting rod, and the outer surface of the cement-based artificial stone plate can be covered with a protective film for later use;
(2) preparing on site: paying off in site construction, and fixing the steel bars into a required metal framework in the construction site;
B. construction installation
(1) One or more than one surface of the periphery of the metal framework is/are surrounded by a cement-based artificial stone plate, and the periphery of the metal framework outside the surrounding surface is surrounded by a template; an anchoring part is arranged on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod at the back of the cement-based artificial stone slab, the anchoring part is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod, and a supporting and fixing frame is arranged at the outer sides of the cement-based artificial stone slab and the template;
(2) if water and electric pipelines and switch sockets need to be pre-embedded, the water and electric pipelines and the switch sockets are pre-embedded before concrete is poured;
C. pouring concrete
(1) Pouring concrete on the top of the metal framework of the enclosure, inserting a slender vibrating rod into the concrete during pouring, and vibrating until the pouring is finished to form reinforced concrete;
D. cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling a supporting fixing frame and a surrounding formwork of a construction site;
(2) performing seam beautifying treatment on plate seams between the plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure.
Preferably, in the construction preparation step (1), when the cement-based artificial stone slab is an ultrahigh-performance artificial stone slab, the artificial stone slab raw material is configured according to an ultrahigh-performance standard, and the slab making technology is mainly prepared by increasing pressure and vacuumizing on the basis of a basic vibration technical means.
Preferably, in the construction preparation step (1) a, the anchor connecting rod penetrates through the thermal insulation material layer or the sound insulation material layer or the composite material layer composed of the thermal insulation material layer and the sound insulation material layer and protrudes out of the outer end of the thermal insulation material layer or the sound insulation material layer or the composite material layer composed of the thermal insulation material layer and the sound insulation material layer.
Preferably, in the step (1), the cement-based artificial stone slab is an arc-shaped or rectangular cement-based artificial stone slab.
Preferably, in the construction preparation step (a), the cement-based artificial stone slab is provided with a mesh sheet.
Preferably, the periphery of the metal framework is completely surrounded by cement-based artificial stone plates.
Preferably, in the B-construction installation step (1), the anchor part and the anchor connecting rod are integrally formed.
Preferably, in the B construction installation step (1), the anchor part of the anchor connecting rod main body is connected to the metal framework.
Preferably, in the step (1) of installing in the construction B, the anchor part may be interconnected with another anchor connecting rod screwed to the back of another cement-based artificial stone slab disposed opposite to the anchor part or an anchor part on the anchor connecting rod.
Preferably, in the step (1) of B construction and installation, the supporting and fixing frame is a triangular supporting frame fixed with the ground, and the triangular supporting frame is formed by overlapping according to the requirement of height and clings to the surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab.
Preferably, in the step (1) of construction and installation, the supporting and fixing frame is a supporting frame or a plurality of horizontal and vertical plane reinforcing members which are fixedly connected with each other, and the plane reinforcing members are square pipes, channel steels or battens.
Preferably, in the step (2) of B construction and installation, a full-hall supporting scaffold is erected on a construction site, a cement-based artificial stone plate is laid on the top of the scaffold after leveling, a steel reinforcement framework is transversely placed above the cement-based artificial stone plate, and the transversely placed steel reinforcement framework is bound and fixed with the steel reinforcement frameworks at the periphery.
The artificial stone slab is made of cement-based main materials, can adopt the highest standard ultrahigh performance in the concrete field as a preparation standard, adopts a vibration, strong pressure and vacuum pumping plate making method, implants full-page interconnected stainless steel meshes and nuts capable of being externally hung and connected when the artificial stone slab is made, and adopts various decorative surfaces formed by a natural stone peeling principle on the surface after the artificial stone slab is made, so that the artificial stone slab can completely reach the service life of natural stones for more than one hundred years. When the cement-based artificial stone plate is used as a base material plate, the surface can be coated with extremely thin metal, so that any metal facing effect can be realized; the coating of soft decorative surfaces such as cloth and leather can realize all decorative effects of the materials; the surface of the cement-based artificial stone plate can realize any facing effect by adopting coating and printing treatment. The cement-based artificial stone plate has excellent performance which can reach the highest fireproof, waterproof and anticorrosion standards, can effectively prevent efflorescence and water seepage, and can ensure that the attached decorative surface can reach extremely long service life even if cloth, wallpaper and the like are pasted on the surface of the plate again. Therefore, the cement-based artificial stone plate can completely replace various decorative materials such as the prior paint, ceramic tile, stone, wood and the like, can realize all decorative effects of the materials inside and outside a building, and can thoroughly solve various defects of the materials.
The cement-based artificial stone plate with ultrahigh strength and ultrahigh durability is combined with a plate making method which can make the plate denser and higher and the water-gel ratio lower, and is additionally provided with the integrally interconnected stainless steel meshes and the nuts which have extremely high hanging strength after being formed into a whole, so that the cement-based artificial stone plate can have extremely high bending resistance, tensile strength and impact resistance, can completely bear the impact force and expansive force generated when concrete is poured, and can completely replace various templates such as steel, aluminum, wood and the like. The embedded nut on the back of the board has strong screw-joint hanging force, can easily and flexibly clamp the thermal insulation material and the sound insulation material of any material on the back of the board through screw-joint implanted anchoring connecting rods, physically clamps the formed multifunctional board, and can solve various defects of the existing thermal insulation and decoration integrated board mainly adhered by chemical glue. Meanwhile, the existing steel, aluminum, wood and other templates are extremely difficult to realize. The heat-insulating and sound-insulating material is clamped, one end of an anchoring connecting rod outside the heat-insulating and sound-insulating material is exposed, different anchoring parts are arranged according to needs, when the template is used for enclosing a steel reinforcement framework, the template can be interconnected with the steel reinforcement framework, or is interconnected with opposite cement-based artificial stone plates, or is directly suspended in or outside the steel reinforcement framework, and after the artificial stone plates are completely fixed from the periphery in a reinforcing mode basically the same as that of the existing template, the expansion force generated by concrete pouring can be borne and blocked by a peripheral reinforcing part. The anchoring part extending from the anchoring connecting rod to one end of the steel reinforcement framework is completely covered after the concrete is poured, and the anchoring part is completely wrapped after the poured concrete is completely solidified, so that the anchoring part arranged to be larger than the cross section of the anchoring connecting rod can generate extremely large drawing force, and meanwhile, the cement-based artificial stone slab which is completely screwed and interconnected with the anchoring connecting rod can be completely formed into an interconnected whole with a cast-in-place reinforced concrete structure. The cement-based artificial stone slab with the functions of decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation is cast in place of a template, and based on the principle, the cast-in-place building can directly realize the finished building with the functions of three in one.
The invention adopts the cement-based artificial stone board to replace the template to form the cast-in-situ building, which not only can reduce the cost of various templates in the existing cast-in-situ construction, but also can directly reduce the construction of mold assembling, mold disassembling, trimming and necessary decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation in the later period. Not only greatly reduces various expenses, but also enables all cast-in-place buildings to directly realize green energy-saving buildings with exquisite internal and external decoration, efficient bidirectional heat preservation and insulation functions, and extremely silent and healthy indoor environment. Meanwhile, the cement-based artificial stone plate with ultrahigh performance, which is configured by adopting the highest technical standard of cement concrete, can completely reach the performance limit of the existing cement concrete after the existing plate manufacturing method of vibration, strong pressure and vacuum which is extremely difficult to implement for manufacturing the cement-based artificial stone plate with ultrahigh performance is adopted. After the cement-based artificial stone slab replaces a template and is completely integrated with the whole reinforced concrete structure, the cement-based artificial stone slab with the ultrahigh strength of more than C150 can be used as the integral surface layer of the existing C30 and C40 reinforced concrete structures, and can completely block various erosion and damage of various harmful substances such as ultraviolet rays, rainwater and the like to the reinforced concrete structure. Therefore, compared with the existing reinforced concrete structure adopting template cast-in-place, the reinforced concrete structure completely protected by the cement-based artificial stone slab can greatly prolong the service life.
The cement-based artificial stone slab provided by the invention takes waste natural stone processing leftovers or miscellaneous stones and broken stones which widely exist in the nature and even influence the growth of crops as main materials, takes industrial wastes such as silica fume, mineral powder and fly ash combined with cement as a cementing material, does not need to be fired at high temperature in production, does not generate chemical odor, and can be reused or made into other building materials, so that the highest environmental protection standard of zero pollution and zero emission can be completely achieved. The cement-based artificial stone plate without any harmful substances can meet the highest health requirement when in use, and can realize a plurality of beneficial functions of sterilization, self-cleaning, air purification and the like after nano or surface nano treatment is added. The ultrahigh strength and the ultrahigh durability of the composite board can exceed the highest required high strength and high durability standards of green building materials, and the board can be reprocessed into a brand new veneer board after being dismantled and can also be reprocessed into a new product after being crushed, so the composite board can completely reach the highest standard of the green building materials. The invention adopts the cement-based artificial stone plate to replace a template for cast-in-place construction, and can directly realize efficient and energy-saving green construction for the construction. Therefore, the invention is an innovative technology which benefits the nation and the people.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is another schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view taken at A in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view at B in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view at C of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a cast-in-place frame structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cast-in-place structure of the present invention with added floor slab;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of a cast-in-place shear wall structure with a door or window according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-cement-based artificial stone slab; 2-mesh sheet; 3-a nut; 4-anchoring the connecting rod; 5-a heat insulating material layer; 6-a sound insulation material layer; 7-a metal skeleton; 8-reinforced concrete; 9-an anchoring portion; 10-floor slab.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, when the cast-in-place structure is a cast-in-place wall panel, the metal framework 7 is a steel bar framework.
A. Preparation of the product
(1) The cement-based artificial stone slab 1 is prepared by using cement and aggregate as main raw materials and using vibration as a basic slab making technical means, the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 is formed after maintenance and thickness setting, and the front surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 forms a finish coat in one of stripping, printing, adhesion, coating and the like; a nut 3 is embedded in the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate 1, the nut 3 is in threaded connection with one end of an anchoring connecting rod 4, and a protective film can be coated on the outer surface of the cement-based artificial stone plate 1 for later use;
(2) preparing on site: and (5) performing construction and paying off on the site, and fixing the steel bars into the required steel bar framework on the construction site.
B. Construction installation
(1) One surface of the steel bar framework is enclosed with a cement-based artificial stone plate 1, and the periphery of the steel bar framework outside the enclosing surface is enclosed through a template; an anchoring part 9 is arranged on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 on the back of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, and the anchoring part 9 is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod 4; and meanwhile, a supporting and fixing frame is arranged on the outer side of the cement-based artificial stone plate 1;
(2) the bottom of the outer side of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 can be provided with an L-shaped fixing piece for reinforcement, one end of the L-shaped fixing piece is fixed on the ground through an expansion bolt, the other end of the L-shaped fixing piece is tightly attached to the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, meanwhile, a supporting and fixing frame arranged on the outer side of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 and the template can be a triangular supporting frame fixed with the ground, the triangular supporting frame can be formed by overlapping according to the requirement of height, and a plurality of plane reinforcing pieces, such as square pipes, channel steel, battens and the like, can be arranged among the plurality of triangular supporting frames and are tightly attached to the surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1;
(3) if the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket need to be pre-buried, the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket are pre-buried before concrete is poured.
C. Pouring concrete
(1) Pouring concrete at the top of the steel reinforcement framework which completely encloses and fixes the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, and inserting a slender vibrating rod into the concrete during pouring until the pouring is finished to form reinforced concrete 8;
(2) the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is positioned in the reinforced concrete 8, and the anchoring part 9 and the anchoring connecting rod 4 can be of an integral structure; after the poured reinforced concrete 8 is completely solidified, the formed great structural force can bite the anchoring connecting rod 4 and the anchoring part 9, so that the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 and the reinforced concrete 8 are completely fixed into an interconnected whole.
D. Cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling the L-shaped fixing piece, the triangular support frame and the template on the construction site, and repairing the ground bolt hole;
(2) seam beautifying treatment is carried out on plate seams between plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the cast-in-place wallboard building structure with one surface having the decoration-free function.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 2-5, when the cast-in-place structure is a cast-in-place shear wall structure, the metal framework 7 is a steel reinforcement framework.
A. Preparation for preparation
(1) The difference from example 1 is: in the preparation of the plate, a mesh 2 is arranged in a cement-based artificial stone plate 1, and an anchoring connecting rod 4 penetrates through a heat insulation material layer 5 or a sound insulation material layer 6 or a composite material layer consisting of the heat insulation material layer 5 and the sound insulation material layer 6 to be screwed with a nut 3 on the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate 1, so that the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate 1 is covered with the heat insulation material layer 5 or the sound insulation material layer 6 or the composite material layer consisting of the heat insulation material layer 5 and the sound insulation material layer 6; the other end of the anchoring connecting rod 4 protrudes out of the outer end of the composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer 5 or the sound insulating material layer 6 or the heat insulating material layer 5 and the sound insulating material layer 6 according to requirements;
(2) preparing on site: and (3) paying off in site construction, and fixing the steel bars into a required steel bar framework (such as a shear wall and the like) in the construction site.
B. Construction installation
(1) The inner surface and the outer surface of a steel bar framework of the shear wall are enclosed with a cement-based artificial stone plate 1 of a heat insulating material layer 5 or a sound insulating material layer 6 or a composite material layer consisting of the heat insulating material layer 5 and the sound insulating material layer 6, and the two side surfaces of the cement-based artificial stone plate are enclosed through templates; according to the requirement, a breathable waterproof film can be arranged on the anchoring connecting rod 4 on the back of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 in a penetrating manner, an anchoring part 9 is arranged on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 on the back of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, and the anchoring part 9 is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod 4; the anchor connecting rod 4 which is screwed with the back of another cement-based artificial stone slab arranged oppositely or the anchor part 9 on the anchor connecting rod 4 can be interconnected, and a supporting and fixing frame is arranged at the outer side of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1;
(2) the bottom of the inner surface and the bottom of the outer surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 can be provided with an L-shaped fixing piece for reinforcement, one end of the L-shaped fixing piece is fixed on the ground by using an expansion bolt, the other end of the L-shaped fixing piece is tightly attached to the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, meanwhile, a supporting and fixing frame arranged on the outer side of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 and the template can be a triangular supporting frame fixed with the ground, the triangular supporting frame can be formed by overlapping according to the requirement of height, and a plurality of plane reinforcing pieces, such as square pipes, channel steel, battens and the like, can be arranged among the plurality of triangular supporting frames and are tightly attached to the surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab 1;
(3) if the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket need to be pre-embedded, the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket are pre-embedded before concrete is poured.
C. Pouring concrete
(1) Pouring concrete on the top of the steel reinforcement framework completely fixed with the cement-based artificial stone slab 1, and inserting a slender vibrating rod for vibrating during pouring until the final pouring is finished to form reinforced concrete 8;
(2) the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is positioned in the reinforced concrete 8, and the anchoring part 9 and the anchoring connecting rod 4 can be of an integral structure; after the poured reinforced concrete 8 is completely solidified, the formed great structural force can bite the anchoring connecting rod 4 and the anchoring part 9, so that the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 and the reinforced concrete 8 are completely fixed into an interconnected whole.
D. Cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling the L-shaped fixing piece, the supporting fixing frame and the template on the construction site, and repairing the ground bolt hole;
(2) seam beautifying treatment is carried out on plate seams between plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the decoration-free cast-in-place shear wall building structure with the decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation functions on the inner surface and the outer surface.
Example 3
As shown in fig. 6, when the cast-in-place structure is a cast-in-place frame structure, the mesh sheet 2 is a stainless steel mesh sheet, the metal framework 7 is a steel reinforcement framework, and the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 is an ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab.
A. Preparation for construction
(1) The ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab is prepared by taking cement and aggregate as main raw materials and configuring according to an ultra-high performance standard, and the slab manufacturing technology is prepared by taking the steps of increasing strong pressure and vacuumizing as main technical means on the basis of a basic vibration technical means, and the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab is formed after maintenance and thickness setting; forming a finishing coat on the front surface of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate in one of stripping, printing, adhering, wrapping and the like; a stainless steel mesh is arranged in the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate, a nut 3 is embedded in the back of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate, the nut 3 is in threaded connection with one end of an anchoring connecting rod 4, and a protective film can be coated on the outer surface of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate for later use;
(2) preparing on site: paying off in site construction, and fixing the steel bars into a required steel bar framework (such as columns, beams and the like) in the construction site;
B. construction installation
(1) An ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate is enclosed around the periphery of a steel reinforcement framework of the column, the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate is a rectangular ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, a supporting and fixing frame is arranged on the outer side of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, the supporting and fixing frame is a supporting frame or a plurality of horizontal and vertical plane reinforcing members which are fixedly connected with one another, and the supporting frame can be lapped to form the plane reinforcing members into square pipes, channel steel, battens and the like according to the height requirement;
(2) when the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone slab is an arc-shaped ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone slab, the arc-shaped ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone slab can be reinforced by a hoop;
(3) the method comprises the following steps of setting up a full framing support scaffold, laying an ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate at the top of the scaffold after leveling, and then transversely placing a reinforcement cage above the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, so as to form a beam reinforcement cage, wherein the front and the back of the beam reinforcement cage are surrounded by the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, and the left and the right ends of the beam reinforcement cage are respectively bound and fixed with the top ends of two columns of reinforcement cages.
(4) If water and electric pipelines and switch sockets need to be pre-embedded, the water and electric pipelines and the switch sockets are pre-embedded before concrete is poured;
C. pouring concrete
(1) Pouring concrete above the column metal framework, then sequentially pouring concrete above the beam metal framework, inserting a slender vibrating rod for vibrating during pouring until the pouring is finished, and forming reinforced concrete 8 after the poured concrete is solidified;
(2) the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is positioned in the reinforced concrete 8, the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is provided with an anchoring part 9, the anchoring part 9 is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod 4, and the anchoring part 9 and the anchoring connecting rod 4 can be in an integral structure; after the poured reinforced concrete 8 is completely solidified, the formed great structural force can bite the anchoring connecting rod 4 and the anchoring part 9, so that the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone slab and the reinforced concrete 8 are completely fixed into an interconnected whole.
D. Cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling a supporting fixing frame, a full-hall supporting scaffold and a template on a construction site;
(2) performing seam beautifying treatment on plate seams between the plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the multifunctional cast-in-place frame structure.
Example 4
The floor slab with various cast-in-situ structures is cast in situ, and the metal framework 7 is a steel bar framework.
A. Preparation for construction
Construction preparation was the same as in example 1;
B. construction installation
(1) Erecting a full-space supporting scaffold, laying a cement-based artificial stone plate 1 covered with a heat insulating material layer 5 or a sound insulating material layer 6 or a composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer 5 and the sound insulating material layer 6 on the top of the scaffold after leveling, horizontally arranging a steel reinforcement framework which is transversely and longitudinally staggered to form a floor slab 10 (shown in figure 7) on the cement-based artificial stone plate 1, and connecting the peripheral end parts of the steel reinforcement framework of the floor slab 10 to the steel reinforcement framework of a shear wall or the steel reinforcement framework of a beam column in a penetrating manner and binding and fixing the steel reinforcement framework with the steel reinforcement framework;
(2) if water and electricity pipelines need to be pre-embedded, the concrete is pre-embedded before concrete is poured.
C. Pouring concrete
(1) Pouring the stirred concrete above the floor slab steel reinforcement framework, and inserting and vibrating a slender vibrating rod during pouring until the pouring is finished to form the reinforced concrete 8;
(2) the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is positioned in the reinforced concrete 8, the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 is provided with an anchoring part 9, the anchoring part 9 is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod 4, and the anchoring part 9 and the anchoring connecting rod 4 can be in an integral structure; after the reinforced concrete 8 formed by pouring is completely solidified, the anchoring connecting rod 4 and the anchoring part 9 thereof can be occluded by the formed great structural force, so that the cement-based artificial stone slab and the reinforced concrete 8 are completely fixed into an interconnected whole.
D. Cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling the full framing scaffold on the construction site;
(2) performing seam beautifying treatment on plate seams between the plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the multi-surface cast-in-place floor structure with decoration-free function.
Example 5
As shown in fig. 8, when the cast-in-place structure is a cast-in-place shear wall structure with a door or a window, the cement-based artificial stone slab 1 is an ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab.
A. Preparation for construction
(1) The ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab is prepared by taking cement and aggregate as main raw materials and configuring according to an ultra-high performance standard, and the slab manufacturing technology is prepared by taking the steps of increasing strong pressure and vacuumizing as main technical means on the basis of a basic vibration technical means, and the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone slab is formed after maintenance and thickness setting; forming a finishing coat on the front surface of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate in one of stripping, coating, adhering, wrapping and the like; the net piece 2 is arranged in the ultra-high-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, the nut 3 is embedded in the back of the ultra-high-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, the nut 3 is in threaded connection with one end of the anchoring connecting rod 4, and one end of the anchoring connecting rod penetrates through the heat insulating material layer 5 or the sound insulating material layer 6 or the composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer 5 and the sound insulating material layer 6 to be screwed with the nut 3 on the back of the ultra-high-performance cement-based artificial stone plate; the other end of the anchoring connecting rod 4 protrudes out of the outer end of the composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer 5 or the sound insulating material layer 6 or the heat insulating material layer 5 and the sound insulating material layer 6 according to requirements, and the outer surface of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate can be covered with a protective film for later use;
(2) preparing on site: and (3) paying off in site construction, fixing the steel bars into a required steel bar framework on the construction site, and reserving the positions of doors or windows (such as cast-in-situ shear walls with doors or windows).
B. Construction installation
(1) Enclosing and installing an ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate covered with a heat insulation material layer 5 or a sound insulation material layer 6 or a composite material layer consisting of the heat insulation material layer 5 and the sound insulation material layer 6 at the periphery of a steel reinforcement framework of the shear wall; according to the requirement, a breathable waterproof film can be arranged on the anchoring connecting rod 4 at the back of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate in a penetrating manner, an anchoring part 9 is arranged on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod 4 at the back of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate, and the anchoring part 9 is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod 4; the anchor connecting rod 4 which is screwed with the back of another ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate which is arranged oppositely or the anchor part 9 on the anchor connecting rod 4 can be interconnected, and simultaneously, a supporting and fixing frame is arranged at the outer side of the ultra-high performance cement-based artificial stone plate;
(2) the bottom parts of the inner side and the outer side of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate can be provided with L-shaped fixing parts for reinforcement, one end of each L-shaped fixing part is fixed on the ground through an expansion bolt, the other end of each L-shaped fixing part is tightly attached to the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate, meanwhile, a supporting and fixing frame arranged on the outer side of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate can be a triangular supporting frame fixed with the ground, the triangular supporting frames can be formed by overlapping according to the requirement of height, and a plurality of plane reinforcing parts, such as square pipes, channel steel, battens and the like, can be arranged among the triangular supporting frames and are tightly attached to the surface of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plate;
(3) door, window position can be with the super high performance cement base artificial stone panel of polylith of lead angle through the long steel strip after establishing ties, with the 3 threaded connection of the super high performance cement base artificial stone panel back nut of both sides, specifically: the long steel bars are placed at the backs of the plurality of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plates, fixed through screw holes in the long steel bars by the anchoring connecting rods 4 and in threaded connection with nuts 3 at the backs of the ultrahigh-performance cement-based artificial stone plates on the side faces, the long steel bars can be bent by a certain angle according to needs to realize different modeling structures, and are clamped and fixed on the opening faces of doors or windows through reinforcing members;
(4) if the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket need to be pre-embedded, the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket are pre-embedded before concrete is poured.
The concrete pouring and the cleaning of the concrete C are all the same as the embodiment 1; finally, the cast-in-situ shear wall structure with the door or the window with the functions of decoration, heat preservation and sound insulation is obtained.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. preparation for construction
(1) The cement-based artificial stone slab (1) is prepared by using cement and aggregate as main raw materials and using vibration as a basic slab making technical means, the cement-based artificial stone slab is formed after maintenance and thickness setting, and the front surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab (1) forms a finish coat in one of stripping, printing, adhesion, wrapping and covering modes and the like; a nut (3) is embedded in the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate (1), the nut (3) is in threaded connection with one end of the anchoring connecting rod (4), and a protective film can be coated on the outer surface of the cement-based artificial stone plate (1) for later use;
(2) preparing on site: paying off in site construction, and fixing the steel bars into a required metal framework (7) in the construction site;
B. construction installation
(1) One or more than one surface of the periphery of the metal framework (7) is/are enclosed with a cement-based artificial stone plate (1), and the periphery of the metal framework (7) except the enclosing surface is enclosed by a template; an anchoring part (9) is arranged on a main body of the anchoring connecting rod (4) at the back of the cement-based artificial stone plate (1), the anchoring part (9) is in any geometric shape larger than the sectional area of the anchoring connecting rod (4), and a supporting and fixing frame is arranged at the outer sides of the cement-based artificial stone plate (1) and the template;
(2) if the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket need to be pre-buried, the water and electricity pipelines and the switch socket are pre-buried before concrete is poured;
C. pouring concrete
(1) Pouring concrete on the top of the metal framework (7) of the enclosure, and inserting and vibrating a slender vibrating rod during pouring until the pouring is finished to form reinforced concrete (8);
D. cleaning is completed
(1) Dismantling a supporting fixing frame and a surrounding formwork of a construction site;
(2) performing seam beautifying treatment on plate seams between the plates by using structural adhesive;
(3) and cleaning and tearing off the protective film to obtain the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure.
2. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the construction preparation step (1), when the cement-based artificial stone slab (1) is an ultrahigh-performance artificial stone slab, the artificial stone slab raw materials are configured according to an ultrahigh-performance standard, and the slab making technology is prepared by using a main technical means of increasing pressure and vacuumizing on the basis of a basic technical means of vibration.
3. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the construction preparation step (1), the anchoring connecting rod (4) penetrates through the heat insulating material layer (5) or the sound insulating material layer (6) or the composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer (5) and the sound insulating material layer (6), and protrudes out of the outer end of the heat insulating material layer (5) or the sound insulating material layer (6) or the composite material layer formed by the heat insulating material layer (5) and the sound insulating material layer (6).
4. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step (1) of construction and installation, the periphery of the metal framework (7) is completely surrounded by the cement-based artificial stone plate (1).
5. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the construction and installation step (1) B, the anchoring part (9) and the anchoring connecting rod (4) are of an integral structure.
6. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step (1) of B construction and installation, an anchoring part (9) on the main body of the anchoring connecting rod (4) is connected with the metal framework (7).
7. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: in the step (1) of B construction and installation, the anchoring part (9) is also interconnected with the anchoring connecting rod (4) which is oppositely arranged and is screwed with the back of another cement-based artificial stone plate or the anchoring part (9) on the anchoring connecting rod (4).
8. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and in the step (1) of construction and installation, the supporting and fixing frame is a triangular supporting frame fixed with the ground, and the triangular supporting frame is formed by overlapping according to the requirement of height and clings to the surface of the cement-based artificial stone slab (1).
9. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: and in the step (1) of B construction and installation, the support fixing frame is a support frame or a plurality of horizontal and vertical plane reinforcing members which are fixedly connected with each other, and the plane reinforcing members are square tubes, channel steel or battens.
10. The construction method of the template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: set up full hall supporting legs frame at the job site in B construction installation step (2), lay cement base rostone panel (1) at the scaffold frame top after the leveling, and place framework of steel reinforcement in cement base rostone panel (1) top after, the framework of steel reinforcement of placing is fixed with framework of steel reinforcement ligature all around.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211106806.XA CN115354781A (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method thereof |
| PCT/CN2023/095198 WO2024055623A1 (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2023-05-19 | Formwork-free and decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method therefor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211106806.XA CN115354781A (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Template-free decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method thereof |
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| CN115354781A true CN115354781A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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| WO (1) | WO2024055623A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| WO2024055623A1 (en) * | 2022-09-13 | 2024-03-21 | 钟兵 | Formwork-free and decoration-free cast-in-place structure and construction method therefor |
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