CN115353416B - Low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115353416B
CN115353416B CN202211058218.3A CN202211058218A CN115353416B CN 115353416 B CN115353416 B CN 115353416B CN 202211058218 A CN202211058218 A CN 202211058218A CN 115353416 B CN115353416 B CN 115353416B
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parts
low
raw materials
temperature
glaze
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CN115353416A (en
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李林
梁海潮
雷云
占顺旺
龚秋平
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Guangxi Jianyi Ceramics Co ltd
Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd
Qingyuan Jianyi Ceramics Co Ltd
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Guangxi Jianyi Ceramics Co ltd
Guangdong Jianyi Group Ceramics Co ltd
Qingyuan Jianyi Ceramics Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
    • C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
    • C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/02—Frit compositions, i.e. in a powdered or comminuted form
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
    • C03C8/14—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions
    • C03C8/20—Glass frit mixtures having non-frit additions, e.g. opacifiers, colorants, mill-additions containing titanium compounds; containing zirconium compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
    • C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
    • Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ceramic bricks, in particular to a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic brick and a preparation method thereof; the application discloses a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile, which comprises a surface glaze layer and a glaze polishing layer which are sequentially attached to a green body; the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials: feldspar, nepheline, kaolin, calcined talc, barium carbonate, low temperature frit crystal diamond, zinc oxide, zirconium silicate, methylcellulose, sodium tripolyphosphate; the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials: feldspar, limestone, kaolin, zinc oxide, barium carbonate, low-temperature frit, printing paste, aluminum borate and printing oil. The ceramic tile prepared by the method has the advantages of high strength, low water absorption, high wear resistance and the like.

Description

Low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of ceramic bricks, in particular to a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic brick and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The glaze is formed by a plurality of working procedures according to the proportion of mineral raw materials and chemical raw materials, and the strength and the heat stability and the water absorption of a green body are both obviously improved. However, the firing temperature of the glaze is generally higher, the period is long, the energy consumption is greatly increased, the waste of resources is also influenced, and the environment is polluted. Therefore, the research on the low-temperature glaze has positive significance, and we propose a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof;
CN201811514665.9 discloses a method for preparing ceramic tile with three-dimensional pattern texture, wherein the firing process is as follows: calcining at 1180-1230 ℃ to obtain a finished product;
CN201611000670.9, discloses a full-polished glazed ceramic tile with metal particles and luster and a preparation method thereof, wherein the firing process is as follows: sintering in kiln at 1200-1220 deg.c for 65-70 min;
therefore, the current glaze firing process can be found that the temperature is high (about 1200 ℃) and the required time is long, so that the waste of energy sources and the low production efficiency are easily caused; and the binding force between the glaze polishing layer and the surface glaze layer is poor, the glaze polishing layer and the surface glaze layer are easy to fall off after long-time use, and the blank body is exposed and easy to damage.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the application provides a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and a preparation method thereof, and compared with a common ceramic tile, the prepared ceramic tile has the advantages of high strength, low water absorption, high wear resistance and the like.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises a surface glaze layer and a glaze polishing layer which are sequentially attached to a green body;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 30-50 parts of nepheline: 20-30 parts of kaolin: 6-10 parts of calcined talc: 3-6 parts of barium carbonate: 6-10 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond: 10-25 parts of zinc oxide: 3-5 parts of zirconium silicate: 8-15 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.1-0.15 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.2-0.4 part;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 5-15 parts of a permeant: 2-7 parts of kaolin: 6-10 parts of zinc oxide: 8-15 parts of barium carbonate: 2-6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond: 60-80 parts of printing paste: 6-10 parts of aluminum borate: 1-5 parts of stamp-pad ink: 0.8-1.5 parts.
Further, the low-temperature frit crystal diamond comprises one or more of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate, limestone and quartz. The low-temperature frit crystal diamond has the advantages that the low-temperature frit crystal diamond has a cooling effect, the raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond subjected to ball milling and water washing are subjected to acid washing, purification and aging, high-melting-point soluble impurities can be removed, and the low-temperature frit crystal diamond is obtained through a calcining process at 700-900 ℃, so that the low-temperature frit crystal diamond is high in stability, and the sintering temperature and the sintering time of glaze can be reduced by introducing the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer.
Aluminum borate and barium carbonate are added in the ceramic glaze, and the aluminum borate and the barium carbonate are combined to form aluminum-barium crystal nucleus, so that the aluminum-barium crystal nucleus has stable performance, excellent mechanical performance and high applicability, can be used as a reinforcing material for ceramic glaze and the like, and is used for improving the wear resistance of the glaze polishing layer in the ceramic glaze;
an aluminum barium crystal nucleus: density of 2.60g/cm 3 The alloy has a melting point of 1460-1490 ℃, a heat-resistant temperature of 1300 ℃, a Mohs hardness of 7.5, a tensile strength of 7.94GPa, a tensile elastic modulus of 402GPa, a high elastic modulus, good mechanical strength, heat resistance, chemical resistance, acid resistance (stable in 1mol/L hydrochloric acid at 80 ℃), electrical insulation and neutron absorption performance.
The aluminum borate has higher elasticity and strength than the potassium titanate whisker; while barium carbonate, chemical formula BaCO 3 Molecular weight 197.35, hexagonal fine crystals or white powder, insoluble in water, melting point 1740 ℃,1450 ℃, decomposition, carbon dioxide evolution.
Similarly, the application also provides a preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile, which comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the green body dried in the step S1 with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 4-6% of water;
s3, preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond
Taking the corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond, performing ball milling and water washing on the raw materials, performing acid washing, purification and aging on the raw materials, and performing calcination at 700-900 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the overglaze layer, fully mixing, performing ball milling, and uniformly applying to the blank obtained in the step S2 for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, fully mixing, performing ball milling, and uniformly applying the materials to the blank obtained in the step S4 for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S5 at a high temperature in a kiln to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Further, in step S6, the high temperature calcination temperature is 1090-1100 ℃ for 40-50min. In the method, the conventional calcining temperature is reduced to 1090-1100 ℃ from 1200-1210 ℃, the used fuel gas is greatly reduced, the calcining time is reduced to 40-50min from the original 70-80min, and the efficiency is improved.
Further, in the step S4, after the raw materials of the overglaze layer are mixed, water accounting for 40% of the weight of the overglaze layer is added, ball milling is carried out for 10min for every 100g, and the obtained overglaze mixture is screened by a 325-mesh screen for standby.
Further, in the step S5, after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min, and sieving the obtained glaze polishing mixture with a 325-mesh screen for later use;
further, in the step S3, the mixture ratio of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond raw materials and water in ball milling water washing is prepared according to the weight ratio of 5:4.
Further, in step S3, the pickling is soaking with oxalic acid for 2 hours.
Further, in step S3, the purification process is: and after the pickling is finished, washing the low-temperature frit with water until the pH value is 5-7.
Further, in step S3, the aging time is 3 to 5 days.
The beneficial effects of this application are:
1. according to the method, the stable aluminum barium crystal nucleus obtained by combining aluminum borate and barium carbonate is added in the overglaze layer and the polished glaze layer, so that the glaze layer is smoother in the firing process, the performance of the glaze slurry is easier to control, and the fired glaze layer has better wear resistance.
2. The ceramic tile prepared by the method has the strength of 45-50MPa and the water absorption of 0.013-0.019; the wear resistance can resist 6000 rotations, the hardness grade reaches 5 grades, and the acid and alkali resistance grade reaches A grade;
3. the viscosity of the overglaze mixture prepared by the method is 130-150cp, and the viscosity of the polished glaze mixture is 110-130cp; therefore, the binding force of the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer is good, and the overglaze layer can be well attached to the blank body.
Drawings
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the construction of a ceramic tile as described herein;
description of the drawings: 1. polishing the glaze layer; 2. an overglaze layer; 3. and (5) a blank body.
Detailed Description
The present application is further described below in conjunction with examples, which are not intended to be limiting, in order to facilitate understanding of those skilled in the art.
The control requirements of the element content in the conventional ceramic blank are as follows:
element(s) SiO 2 Al 2 O 3 GaO MaO Fe 2 O 3 TiO 2 K 2 O Na 2 O
Weight percent (%) 60-70 20-30 0.7-0.8 0.8-1.5 0.6-0.9 0.7-0.9 3-7 3-7
In the following embodiments, conventional ceramic blanks are mixed, pressed and dried to obtain blanks after meeting the requirements;
example 1
The low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile as shown in fig. 1 comprises a surface glaze layer 2 and a glaze polishing layer 1 which are sequentially attached to a green body 3;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 30 parts of nepheline: 20 parts of kaolin: 6 parts of calcined talc: 3 parts of barium carbonate: 6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (quartz): 10 parts of zinc oxide: 3 parts of zirconium silicate: 8 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.2 parts;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 5 parts of limestone: 2 parts of kaolin: 6 parts of zinc oxide: 8 parts of barium carbonate: 2 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (quartz): 60 parts of printing paste: 6 parts of aluminum borate: 1. stamp-pad ink: 0.8 parts.
The preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the dried green body with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 4% of water;
s3, taking corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond (surface glaze layer), ball milling, washing the raw materials with water (the ratio of the raw materials to water is 5:4), soaking the raw materials in 10% oxalic acid for 2 hours, washing the raw materials with water to reach pH value of 5 after the acid washing is finished, ageing the raw materials for 3 days, and finally calcining the raw materials at 700 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the surface glaze layer; preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the glaze polishing layer according to the same method;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, adding water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer after mixing the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained surface glaze mixture to the blank obtained in the step S2 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained glaze polishing mixture to the blank obtained in the step S3 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S4 at a high temperature in a kiln for 40min at 1090 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after the calcining is finished to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Example 2
The low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile as shown in fig. 1 comprises a surface glaze layer 2 and a glaze polishing layer 1 which are sequentially attached to a green body 3;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 50 parts of nepheline: 30 parts of kaolin: 10 parts of calcined talc: 6 parts of barium carbonate: 10 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (20 parts of limestone and 5 parts of quartz): 25 parts of zinc oxide: 5 parts of zirconium silicate: 15 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.15 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.4 parts;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 15 parts of a transparent limestone: 7 parts of kaolin: 10 parts of zinc oxide: 15 parts of barium carbonate: 6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (50 parts of limestone and 30 parts of quartz): 80 parts of printing paste: 10 parts of aluminum borate: 5 parts of stamp-pad ink: 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the dried green body with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 6% of water;
s3, taking corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond (surface glaze layer), ball milling, washing the raw materials with water (the ratio of the raw materials to water is 5:4), soaking the raw materials in 10% oxalic acid for 2 hours, washing the raw materials with water to pH 7 after the acid washing is finished, ageing the raw materials for 5 days, and finally calcining the raw materials at 900 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the surface glaze layer; preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the glaze polishing layer according to the same method;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, adding water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer after mixing the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained surface glaze mixture to the blank obtained in the step S2 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained glaze polishing mixture to the blank obtained in the step S3 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S4 at a high temperature in a kiln for 50min at 1100 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after the calcining is finished to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Example 3
The low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile as shown in fig. 1 comprises a surface glaze layer 2 and a glaze polishing layer 1 which are sequentially attached to a green body 3;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 40 parts of nepheline: 25 parts of kaolin: 8 parts of calcined talc: 4 parts of barium carbonate: 8 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (3 parts of limestone and 15 parts of quartz): 18 parts of zinc oxide: 4 parts of zirconium silicate: 11 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.12 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.3 parts;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 20 parts of a transparent stone: 5 parts of kaolin: 8 parts of zinc oxide: 12 parts of barium carbonate: 4 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (5 parts of limestone and 65 parts of quartz): 70 parts of printing paste: 8 parts of aluminum borate: 4 parts of stamp-pad ink: 1.2 parts.
The preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the dried green body with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 5% of water;
s3, taking corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond (surface glaze layer), ball milling, washing the raw materials with water (the ratio of the raw materials to water is 5:4), soaking the raw materials in 10% oxalic acid for 2 hours, washing the raw materials with water to reach pH value of 6 after the acid washing is finished, ageing the raw materials for 4 days, and finally calcining the raw materials by 800 to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the surface glaze layer; preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the glaze polishing layer according to the same method;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, adding water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer after mixing the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained surface glaze mixture to the blank obtained in the step S2 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained glaze polishing mixture to the blank obtained in the step S3 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S4 at a high temperature in a kiln for 45min at 1095 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after the calcining is finished to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Example 4
The low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile as shown in fig. 1 comprises a surface glaze layer 2 and a glaze polishing layer 1 which are sequentially attached to a green body 3;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 30 parts of nepheline: 30 parts of kaolin: 6 parts of calcined talc: 6 parts of barium carbonate: 6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (5 parts of sodium carbonate, 18 parts of limestone and 2 parts of quartz): 25 parts of zinc oxide: 3 parts of zirconium silicate: 15 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.1 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.4 parts;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 5 parts of limestone: 7 parts of kaolin: 6 parts of zinc oxide: 15 parts of barium carbonate: 6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (5 parts of sodium carbonate, 58 parts of limestone and 2 parts of quartz): 60 parts of printing paste: 10 parts of aluminum borate: 1 part of stamp-pad ink: 1.5 parts.
The preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the dried green body with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 4% of water;
s3, taking corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond (surface glaze layer), ball milling, washing the raw materials with water (the ratio of the raw materials to water is 5:4), soaking the raw materials in 10% oxalic acid for 2 hours, washing the raw materials with water to pH 7 after the acid washing is finished, ageing the raw materials for 5 days, and finally calcining the raw materials at 700 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the surface glaze layer; preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the glaze polishing layer according to the same method;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, adding water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer after mixing the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained surface glaze mixture to the blank obtained in the step S2 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained glaze polishing mixture to the blank obtained in the step S3 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S4 at a high temperature in a kiln for 50min at 1090 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after the calcining is finished to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Example 5
The low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile as shown in fig. 1 comprises a surface glaze layer 2 and a glaze polishing layer 1 which are sequentially attached to a green body 3;
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 32 parts of nepheline: 22 parts of kaolin: 8 parts of calcined talc: 5 parts of barium carbonate: 7 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (1 part of potassium carbonate, 2 parts of sodium carbonate, 10 parts of limestone and 10 parts of quartz): 23 parts of zinc oxide: 4 parts of zirconium silicate: 9 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.14 parts of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.25 parts;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 5 parts of limestone: 7 parts of kaolin: 9 parts of zinc oxide: 9 parts of barium carbonate: 5 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond (1 part of potassium carbonate, 2 parts of sodium carbonate, 30 parts of limestone and 30 parts of quartz): 63 parts of printing paste: 7 parts of aluminum borate: 4 parts of stamp-pad ink: 1.1 parts.
The preparation method of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the dried green body with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 4% of water;
s3, taking corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond (surface glaze layer), ball milling, washing the raw materials with water (the ratio of the raw materials to water is 5:4), soaking the raw materials in 10% oxalic acid for 2 hours, washing the raw materials with water to reach pH value of 6 after the acid washing is finished, ageing the raw materials for 5 days, and finally calcining the raw materials at 710 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the surface glaze layer; preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond for the glaze polishing layer according to the same method;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, adding water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer after mixing the raw materials of the surface glaze layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained surface glaze mixture to the blank obtained in the step S2 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, adding water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer after mixing the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, ball milling for 10min every 100g, and uniformly applying the obtained glaze polishing mixture to the blank obtained in the step S3 after passing through a 325-mesh screen for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S4 at a high temperature in a kiln for 43min at 1095 ℃, and cooling to room temperature after the calcining is finished to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
Comparative example 1
The low-temperature frit crystal diamond is not added into the raw materials of the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 1;
comparative example 2
Barium carbonate and zirconium silicate are not added into the raw materials of the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 1;
comparative example 3
The raw materials of the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer are not added with low-temperature frit crystal diamond, barium carbonate and zirconium silicate; the remaining conditions were the same as in example 1;
the ceramic tiles prepared in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were subjected to glazing property detection, and the results were summarized as follows:
TABLE 1
Group of Water absorption (%) Wear-resistant grade (rotating) Brick strength (MPa) Hardness of
Example 1 0.015 6000 48 Grade 5
Example 2 0.013 6000 45 Grade 5
Example 3 0.019 6000 50 Grade 5
Example 4 0.016 6000 46 Grade 5
Example 5 0.017 6000 47 Grade 5
Comparative example 1 0.17 2100 31 3 grade
Comparative example 2 0.13 600 24 Level 2
Comparative example 3 0.22 600 21 Level 2
In addition, in examples 1-5, the firing temperature and firing time were significantly reduced because of the introduction of a large amount of low temperature frit crystal drills; in addition, the viscosity of the glaze can be measured through a viscosity instrument through the glaze slurry obtained through ball milling, and the following steps are obtained: the viscosity of the overglaze mixture is 130-150cp, and the viscosity of the glaze polishing mixture is as follows: 110-130cp; wherein the viscosity of the overglaze mixture of the embodiment 1 is 135cp, and the viscosity of the glaze mixture is 124cp;
comparative examples 1-3, the corresponding overglaze mixture viscosities were 80, 100, 60cp, respectively, and the polished mixture viscosities were 83, 102, 69cp, respectively, each being less than the viscosity of example 1.
In comparative example 1, the temperature melting point of the super wear-resistant glaze hardly reaches the sintering system of the existing kiln temperature of 1100 ℃ (the sintering temperature needs to be increased to be sintered) without adding a low-temperature frit crystal drill, and the sintering time is so fast that the melting point of the glaze also needs to be adjusted according to the kiln temperature, and the conventional glaze effect is not achieved without adding the frit crystal drill, and the super wear-resistant glaze is not sintered; the comparative example 1 was fired at 1200 ℃ for 75min, and the wear resistance grade of the fired glaze was increased to 4500 rpm, the hardness was also 4 grade, the water absorption was 0.051, and the performance was still lower than that of example 1.
In comparative example 2, barium carbonate and zirconium silicate are not added, the ceramic tile glaze has poor acid and alkali resistance, poor antifouling property, poor wear resistance, poor whiteness of the glaze layer and poor hardness;
in comparative example 3, no low temperature frit crystal diamond, barium carbonate, zirconium silicate was added; under the same firing temperature and firing time, the ceramic tile is not fired, and the prepared ceramic tile has poor acid and alkali resistance, antifouling property, wear resistance, whiteness of a glaze layer, hardness and glossiness.
The foregoing embodiments are preferred implementations of the present application, and in addition, the present application may be implemented in other manners, and any obvious substitutions are within the scope of the present application without departing from the spirit of the present application.

Claims (8)

1. A low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises a surface glaze layer and a glaze polishing layer which are sequentially attached to a green body; it is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of,
the overglaze layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 30-50 parts of nepheline: 20-30 parts of kaolin: 6-10 parts of calcined talc: 3-6 parts of barium carbonate: 6-10 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond: 10-25 parts of zinc oxide: 3-5 parts of zirconium silicate: 8-15 parts of methyl cellulose: 0.1-0.15 part of sodium tripolyphosphate: 0.2-0.4 part;
the glaze polishing layer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
feldspar: 5-15 parts of a permeant: 2-7 parts of kaolin: 6-10 parts of zinc oxide: 8-15 parts of barium carbonate: 2-6 parts of low-temperature frit crystal diamond: 60-80 parts of printing paste: 6-10 parts of aluminum borate: 1-5 parts of stamp-pad ink: 0.8-1.5 parts;
the low-temperature frit crystal diamond comprises one or more of potassium carbonate, sodium carbonate and limestone; the preparation process of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond comprises the following steps: taking the corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond, performing ball milling and water washing on the raw materials, performing acid washing, purification and aging on the raw materials, and performing calcination at 700-900 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond;
the preparation process of the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile comprises the following steps: after the raw materials of the overglaze layer and the glaze polishing layer are adhered on the green body, the green body is calcined in a kiln at a high temperature of 1090-1100 ℃ for 40-50min.
2. A method of preparing a low temperature super abrasive ceramic tile according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1, pressing a green body by using a conventional ceramic blank raw material, and drying for later use;
s2, wetting the green body dried in the step S1 with water to enable the surface of the green body to contain 4-6% of water;
s3, preparing a low-temperature frit crystal diamond
Taking the corresponding raw materials of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond, performing ball milling and water washing on the raw materials, performing acid washing, purification and aging on the raw materials, and performing calcination at 700-900 ℃ to obtain the low-temperature frit crystal diamond;
s4, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the overglaze layer, fully mixing, performing ball milling, and uniformly applying to the blank obtained in the step S2 for later use;
s5, preparing materials according to the weight parts of the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer, fully mixing, performing ball milling, and uniformly applying the materials to the blank obtained in the step S4 for later use;
s6, calcining the green body obtained in the step S5 at a high temperature in a kiln to obtain the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile.
3. The method for preparing a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in the step S4, water accounting for 40% of the weight of the surface glaze layer is added after the raw materials of the surface glaze layer are mixed, ball milling is carried out for 10min for each 100g, and the obtained surface glaze mixture is screened by a 325-mesh screen for later use.
4. The method for preparing the low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in the step S5, water accounting for 20% of the weight of the glaze polishing layer is added after the raw materials of the glaze polishing layer are mixed, ball milling is carried out for 10min for every 100g, and the obtained glaze polishing mixture is screened by a 325-mesh screen for later use.
5. The method for preparing a low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in the step S3, the mixture ratio of the low-temperature frit crystal diamond raw material and water in ball milling water washing is prepared according to a weight ratio of 5:4.
6. The method for producing a low-temperature super abrasive ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the pickling is immersing with oxalic acid for 2 hours.
7. The method for producing a low-temperature super abrasive ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the purifying process is: after the pickling is finished, the pH is washed to 5-7 by water.
8. The method for producing a low-temperature super abrasive ceramic tile according to claim 2, wherein in step S3, the aging time is 3 to 5 days.
CN202211058218.3A 2022-08-31 2022-08-31 Low-temperature super wear-resistant ceramic tile and preparation method thereof Active CN115353416B (en)

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