CN115351361A - Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears - Google Patents
Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears Download PDFInfo
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- CN115351361A CN115351361A CN202210904463.5A CN202210904463A CN115351361A CN 115351361 A CN115351361 A CN 115351361A CN 202210904463 A CN202210904463 A CN 202210904463A CN 115351361 A CN115351361 A CN 115351361A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010862 gear shaping Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007730 finishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/02—Lapping gear teeth
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding-Machine Dressing And Accessory Apparatuses (AREA)
Abstract
A method for processing tooth blanks of small-modulus gears. The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, and solves the problems of long preparation period and high single-piece cost of small and medium-sized trial-manufacture cutters in the prior art. The method for machining the tooth blanks of the small-modulus gears comprises the following steps: s1, clamping a positioning shaft diameter of a gear blank by a clamping piece; s2, trimming the grinding wheel into a pre-machined gear tooth groove shape by adopting a diamond trimmer; and S3, carrying out shallow grooving, deep grooving and tooth groove finish machining on the tooth blank by adopting the finished grinding wheel. The invention can be applied to customized production or nonstandard production of small-batch small-module gears, greatly saves the customization cost and the customization time of the gear making cutter and the clamp, and greatly shortens the gear manufacturing period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of part processing, in particular to a tooth blank processing technology of a small module gear.
Background
In the field of automobile research and development, gears are main parts in gearboxes such as gearboxes or speed reducers, so that gear parameters need to be continuously modified, processed and tested in the designing and research and development processes of the gears, and finally, economical and reliable gearboxes or speed reducers are developed.
In the prior art, hobbing or gear shaping is usually adopted for gear manufacturing in the rough machining process from a gear blank to a gear, the hobbing and gear shaping have the advantages of high machining efficiency, thousands of gears or more can be machined by one hobbing cutter or gear shaping cutter, the cost of a single gear of hobbing and gear shaping is low in mass production, and the economical efficiency is high. However, such a hob or a slotting cutter is customized according to the gear, and only one type of gear can be machined due to the specificity. For small-batch trial and customization processing, the following defects exist in the processing of hobbing and gear shaping: (1) the customization period of the cutter is longer; (2) Because the utilization rate of the cutter is low, only a few parts are processed, and the average single-piece cost is up to nearly thousand yuan.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for machining a tooth blank of a small-modulus gear.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for processing a tooth blank of a small-modulus gear comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping the positioning shaft diameter of a gear blank by a clamping piece;
s2, trimming the grinding wheel into a pre-machined gear tooth groove shape by adopting a diamond trimmer;
and S3, carrying out shallow grooving, deep grooving and tooth groove finish machining on the tooth blank by adopting the finished grinding wheel.
Preferably, the grinding wheel is a corundum grinding wheel.
Preferably, the diameter of the grinding wheel used for processing the shallow slot is 150mm-200mm, the width is 20mm-30mm, and the granularity is 80 meshes; the diameter of the grinding wheel used for deep grooving is 150mm-200mm, the width is 20mm-30mm, and the granularity is 60 meshes; the grinding wheel used for finish machining of the tooth grooves is 100mm-150mm in diameter, 20mm-30mm in width and 80-mesh in granularity.
Preferably, the shallow grooving processing adopts a bilateral grinding mode, the grooving depth is 1/2 of the finished product tooth groove depth, the linear speed of a grinding wheel is 35-45 m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.4mm, the feeding speed is 1200-1500 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
Preferably, the deep grooving process adopts a bilateral grinding mode, the processed unilateral tooth surface has a margin of 0.2mm, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.2mm, the feeding speed is 1000-1200 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
Preferably, the tooth slot finishing comprises two processes; the first procedure adopts a bilateral grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.12mm on one side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 2700-3500 mm/min, and the approach speed is 5000-6000 mm/min; the second procedure adopts a single-side grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.08mm on the single side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 1500-2000 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
Preferably, in the shallow grooving process, a dresser is used for dressing a grinding wheel once every 5 tooth grooves are machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are the same as the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 28m/s-35m/s.
Preferably, in the deep grooving process, a dresser is used for dressing a grinding wheel once every 5-10 tooth grooves are machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are the same as the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 28-35m/s.
Preferably, in the first step, grinding wheel dressing is performed once by using a dresser every time 1/2 of gears are machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are the same as the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 32m/s-40m/s.
Preferably, in the first step, a dresser is used for dressing a grinding wheel once for each 1 piece of gear to be machined, the rotation direction of the dresser and the rotation direction of the grinding wheel are opposite to the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 32m/s-40m/s.
Compared with the prior art, the invention solves the problems of long preparation period and high single-piece cost of small-batch trial-manufacture cutters, and has the following specific beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the processing and forming grinding wheel to replace a hobbing machine or a gear shaping machine to finish the tooth socket processing in a multi-sequence processing mode, and by applying the processing method provided by the invention, the customizing cost and the customizing time of a tooth making cutter and a clamp can be greatly saved in the customized production or the nonstandard production of small-batch small-modulus gears, and the gear manufacturing period is greatly shortened.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a tooth blank according to embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a process for machining a gear blank by using the grinding wheel according to embodiment 1.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the shallow trench processing described in example 4.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of deep grooving process described in example 5.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of a grinding wheel dresser described in embodiment 7.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a dressing process of a grinding wheel according to embodiment 7.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings of the specification of the present invention, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are only used for better understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1.
The embodiment provides a method for machining a tooth blank of a small module gear, which comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping a positioning shaft diameter of a gear blank by a clamping piece;
s2, trimming the grinding wheel into a pre-machined gear tooth groove shape by adopting a diamond trimmer;
and S3, carrying out shallow grooving, deep grooving and tooth groove finish machining on the tooth blank by adopting the finished grinding wheel.
The schematic structural diagram of the gear tooth blank is shown in fig. 1, in the embodiment, the gear tooth groove machining is completed in a multi-sequence machining mode by adopting a machined grinding wheel to replace a hobbing machine or a gear shaping machine, the schematic processing state of the gear tooth blank by the grinding wheel is shown in fig. 2, by applying the machining method provided by the embodiment, the customizing cost and the customizing time of a gear making tool and a clamp can be greatly saved in the customized production or the nonstandard production of small-batch small-modulus gears, and the gear manufacturing period is greatly shortened.
Example 2.
This example is a further illustration of example 1, wherein the grinding wheel is a corundum grinding wheel.
The corundum grinding wheel adopted by the embodiment is suitable for processing high-strength materials, and the cutting efficiency of the gear tooth blank is high.
Example 3.
This example is a further illustration of example 1, in which the diameter of the grinding wheel used for the shallow grooving process is 150mm-200mm, the width is 20mm-30mm, and the particle size is 80 meshes; the diameter of the grinding wheel used for deep grooving is 150mm-200mm, the width is 20mm-30mm, and the granularity is 60 meshes; the grinding wheel used for finish machining of the tooth grooves is 100mm-150mm in diameter, 20mm-30mm in width and 80-mesh in granularity.
Example 4.
This example is a further illustration of example 1, and the schematic diagram of the shallow grooving process is shown in fig. 3, the shallow grooving process adopts a double-side grinding mode, the grooving depth is 1/2 of the finished product tooth groove depth, the grinding wheel linear speed is 35m/s to 45m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.4mm, the feeding speed is 1200mm/min to 1500mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000mm/min to 6000mm/min.
Example 5.
This example is a further illustration of example 1, and the schematic diagram of the deep grooving process is shown in fig. 4, the deep grooving process adopts a bilateral grinding mode, a margin of 0.2mm is left on a single-side tooth surface after the process, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40m/s to 50m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.2mm, the feed speed is 1000mm/min to 1200mm/min, and the approach speed is 5000mm/min to 6000mm/min.
Example 6.
This example is a further illustration of example 1, wherein the slot finishing process comprises two steps; the first procedure adopts a bilateral grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.12mm on one side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 2700-3500 mm/min, and the approach speed is 5000-6000 mm/min; the second procedure adopts a single-side grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.08mm on the single side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 1500-2000 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
Example 7.
This embodiment is a further illustration of embodiment 1, in the shallow grooving process, grinding wheel dressing is performed by using a dresser every 5 to 10 tooth slots, a schematic structural diagram of the dresser is shown in fig. 5, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a grinding wheel dressing process described in embodiment 7, a rotation direction of the dresser and a rotation direction of the grinding wheel are the same as a linear velocity direction, and a rotation speed of the dresser is 28m/s to 35m/s.
Example 8.
In this embodiment, as a further example of embodiment 1, in the deep grooving process, a dresser is used to dress a grinding wheel once every 5 to 10 tooth slots are machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are the same as the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 28 to 35m/s.
Example 9.
In this embodiment, as a further example of embodiment 6, in the first step, a dresser is used for dressing a grinding wheel every time 1/2 of gears are machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are the same as the linear velocity direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 32-40m/s.
Example 10
In this embodiment, as a further example of embodiment 6, in the first step, a dresser is used for dressing a grinding wheel once for each 1 piece of gear to be machined, the rotation directions of the dresser and the grinding wheel are linear velocity directions opposite, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 32-40m/s.
Claims (10)
1. A method for processing tooth blanks of small-modulus gears is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, clamping the positioning shaft diameter of a gear blank by a clamping piece;
s2, trimming the grinding wheel into a pre-machined gear tooth groove shape by adopting a diamond trimmer;
and S3, carrying out shallow grooving, deep grooving and tooth groove finish machining on the tooth blank by adopting the finished grinding wheel.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel is a corundum grinding wheel.
3. The method for machining a tooth blank of a small-modulus gear according to claim 1, wherein the grinding wheel used for the shallow grooving process has a diameter of 150mm to 200mm, a width of 20mm to 30mm, and a grain size of 80 meshes; the diameter of the grinding wheel used for deep grooving is 150mm-200mm, the width is 20mm-30mm, and the granularity is 60 meshes; the grinding wheel used for finish machining of the tooth grooves is 100mm-150mm in diameter, 20mm-30mm in width and 80-mesh in granularity.
4. The method for machining a tooth blank of a small-modulus gear according to claim 1, wherein the shallow grooving is performed by double-side grinding, the grooving depth is 1/2 of the finished grooving depth, the linear speed of a grinding wheel is 35-45 m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.4mm, the feeding speed is 1200-1500 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the deep grooving process is carried out by double side grinding, the single flank surface is left with 0.2mm of margin after the process, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40m/s to 50m/s, the single grinding depth is 0.2mm, the feed rate is 1000mm/min to 1200mm/min, and the approach rate is 5000mm/min to 6000mm/min.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the tooth space finishing comprises two steps; the first procedure adopts a bilateral grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.12mm on one side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 2700-3500 mm/min, and the approach speed is 5000-6000 mm/min; the second procedure adopts a single-side grinding mode to process, the grinding depth is 0.08mm on one side, the grinding is completed in two times, the linear speed of the grinding wheel is 40-50 m/s, the feeding speed is 1500-2000 mm/min, and the approaching speed is 5000-6000 mm/min.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein a dresser is used to dress the gear teeth once every 5 tooth slots are machined in the shallow grooving process, the dresser and the grinding wheel rotate in the same linear velocity direction, and the dresser rotates at 28m/s-35m/s.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein a dresser is used to dress the gear wheel once every 5 to 10 tooth slots are machined in the deep grooving process, the dresser and the grinding wheel rotate in the same linear velocity direction, and the dresser rotates at a speed of 28m/s to 35m/s.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein in the first step, a dresser is used to dress a grinding wheel once per 1/2 gear pieces are machined, the dresser and the grinding wheel rotate in the same linear speed direction, and the dresser rotates at a speed of 32m/s to 40m/s.
10. The method according to claim 6, wherein the wheel dresser is used to dress the gear wheel once for each 1 piece of gear in the first step, the rotation direction of the dresser and the wheel is opposite to the linear speed direction, and the rotation speed of the dresser is 32m/s to 40m/s.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210904463.5A CN115351361A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210904463.5A CN115351361A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears |
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| CN115351361A true CN115351361A (en) | 2022-11-18 |
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| CN202210904463.5A Pending CN115351361A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears |
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Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2346530A1 (en) * | 1973-09-15 | 1975-03-27 | Fritz Boecker Fa | Gear tooth flank grinding machine - has a motor driven grinding wheel and the workpiece is moved by a geared mechanism |
| CN2254018Y (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1997-05-14 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Numerical control small module dimension gear multifunctional gear grinding machine tool |
| DE19900011A1 (en) * | 1999-01-02 | 2000-07-13 | Reishauer Ag | Fine finishing process for toothed gear wheels uses continuous rolling grinding process for finishing teeth, bore and possible end sides in one clamping action |
| CN1803359A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2006-07-19 | 潘旭华 | Teeth grinding method for formed grinding wheel |
| CN102463396A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-23 | 江苏高齿传动机械有限公司 | Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine |
| CN110193785A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-03 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of turbine long axis spline tooth plunge grinding method |
| CN110509126A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江阴塞特精密工具有限公司 | A kind of more grinding wheel molded line relieving techniques of super Gear Hob with Small Modulus |
| CN110814868A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-21 | 重庆瑞生机械厂有限公司 | High-precision gearbox shaft grinding process |
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 CN CN202210904463.5A patent/CN115351361A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2346530A1 (en) * | 1973-09-15 | 1975-03-27 | Fritz Boecker Fa | Gear tooth flank grinding machine - has a motor driven grinding wheel and the workpiece is moved by a geared mechanism |
| CN2254018Y (en) * | 1995-02-28 | 1997-05-14 | 中国科学院沈阳自动化研究所 | Numerical control small module dimension gear multifunctional gear grinding machine tool |
| DE19900011A1 (en) * | 1999-01-02 | 2000-07-13 | Reishauer Ag | Fine finishing process for toothed gear wheels uses continuous rolling grinding process for finishing teeth, bore and possible end sides in one clamping action |
| CN1803359A (en) * | 2006-01-10 | 2006-07-19 | 潘旭华 | Teeth grinding method for formed grinding wheel |
| CN102463396A (en) * | 2010-11-15 | 2012-05-23 | 江苏高齿传动机械有限公司 | Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine |
| CN110193785A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-09-03 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of turbine long axis spline tooth plunge grinding method |
| CN110509126A (en) * | 2019-08-27 | 2019-11-29 | 江阴塞特精密工具有限公司 | A kind of more grinding wheel molded line relieving techniques of super Gear Hob with Small Modulus |
| CN110814868A (en) * | 2019-11-30 | 2020-02-21 | 重庆瑞生机械厂有限公司 | High-precision gearbox shaft grinding process |
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