CN102463396A - Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine - Google Patents
Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102463396A CN102463396A CN2010105443614A CN201010544361A CN102463396A CN 102463396 A CN102463396 A CN 102463396A CN 2010105443614 A CN2010105443614 A CN 2010105443614A CN 201010544361 A CN201010544361 A CN 201010544361A CN 102463396 A CN102463396 A CN 102463396A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving a grinding crack of a molding gear-grinding machine. Parameters of the gear-grinding machine for grinding a reducer gear are as follows: a modulus M equal to 32.82, a tooth number Z equal to 32, a pressure angle alpha equal to 20 degrees, a spiral angle beta equal to 0 and a tooth width B equal to 368. Tooth surface carburized quenching is taken as a heat treatment mode; quenching hardness is HRC58-62; a grinding wheel is made of corundum 4-400*70*127SA60J-35m/s; a particle size is 60; a linear velocity of the grinding wheel is 20m/s for coarse grinding and 30m/s for fine grinding; a stroke speed is 2000mm/min for coarse grinding and 1800mm/min for fine grinding; a stroke number is 2; a grinding volume is 0.02mm, 0.015mm, 0.01mm and 0.0088mm; a cutter grinding times: the grinding wheel is polished for one time by each three teeth; and a coolant flow is increased. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that after the grinding parameters are adopted, under the condition of processing a same component, no crack phenomenon exists and the quality of products is stable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to improving one's methods of a kind of gear grinding machines, the improving one's methods of especially a kind of gear grinding machines crackle.
Background technology
Gear drive is modal a kind of machine driving in the machine in modern age, is the important component part in the engineering goods.Profile of tooth be processed with gear hobbing, gear shaping, shaving, the tooth that spreads out, roll flute etc., at present just towards at a high speed, efficient, high accuracy direction develops, wherein roll flute is to obtain high class gear one of method the most reliably, increases day by day at the proportion of Gear Processing.
Present domestic import gear grinding machines are increasing, and wherein German NILES moulding gear grinding machines account for very big ratio, and his accuracy class (DIN3962) can reach 3 grades, and efficient is also than higher.
But because mostly emery wheel is corundum or CBN, hardness is higher, and gear teeth face is many through carburizing and quenching; Hardness is also than higher, if so during roll flute grinding process adopt improperly, the flank of tooth is easy to occur grinding crack, be full of cracks etc.; Reduce the service life of gear, even scrap.For this reason, grinding crack is eliminated in effort, improving the quality of products becomes the task of top priority.
The parameter of the grinding reducer gear of the NILES ZE2m moulding gear grinding machines that my company adopts is: modulus is M=32.82, tooth number Z=32, pressure angle α=20 °; Helixangle=0; Facewidth B=368, heat treatment mode are flank of tooth carburizing and quenching, and quenching hardness is HRC58-62.
Through the grinding test to two like products, cutting parameter is respectively:
First: the emery wheel kind: corundum PS*400*70*127mm 3SG70-GHAB40; Granularity: 70; Grinding speed: 25m/s (corase grind), 30m/s (correct grinding), stroke speed: 3000mm/min (corase grind), 2800mm/min (correct grinding), number of stroke: 4; Mill amount: 0.036mm, 0.025mm, 0.015mm, 0.0088mm, sharpening number of times: emery wheel of per 6 tooth reconditionings.
Second: the emery wheel kind: corundum PS*400*70*127mm 3SG70-GHAB40; Granularity: 70; Grinding speed: 25m/s (corase grind), 30m/s (correct grinding), stroke speed: 2800mm/min (corase grind), 2800mm/min (correct grinding), number of stroke: 4; Mill amount: 0.03mm, 0.02mm, 0.015mm, 0.0088mm, sharpening number of times: emery wheel of per 4 tooth reconditionings.
After grinding one circle, observe two products and find: first examination slot grinding flawless phenomenon, other begin a large amount of turtle shell shape crackles to occur to the tooth middle part surface from tooth root portion, account for more than 95% of whole teeth, and the serious burn phenomenon is arranged; Second examination slot grinding flawless phenomenon, other begin a large amount of turtle shell shape crackles to occur to the tooth middle part surface from tooth root portion, account for more than 70% of whole teeth, remain the trickle streak flaw that begins for from tooth root portion, and the serious burn phenomenon is arranged; Check gear grinding machines electric current record, find that two parts burn position all is electric current larger parts.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome above defective, the technical problem that the present invention will solve is: propose improving one's methods of a kind of gear grinding machines grinding crack.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is: the improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack; It is characterized in that: the parameter of said gear grinding machines grinding reducer gear is: modulus M=32.82, tooth number Z=32, pressure angle α=20 °; Helixangle=0; Facewidth B=368, said heat treatment mode are flank of tooth carburizing and quenching, and said quenching hardness is HRC58-62.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said emery wheel is corundum 4-400*70*127SA60J-35m/s.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said grinding wheel graininess is 60.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said grinding speed is corase grind 20m/s, correct grinding 30m/s.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said stroke speed is corase grind 2000mm/min, correct grinding 1800mm/min.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said number of stroke is 2.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack comprises that further said emery wheel mill amount is respectively: 0.02mm, 0.015mm, 0.01mm, 0.0088mm.
According to another preferred embodiment, improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack further comprises emery wheel of per 3 the tooth reconditionings of said sharpening number of times.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: through observing the variation of gear grinding machines electric current and selecting suitable grinding parameter can find and effectively avoid the generation of grinding crack early.
The specific embodiment
The characteristic of grinding crack: by the grinding crack situation of two products in the background technology, grinding crack only occurs on the grinding face, and the degree of depth is more shallow, and degree of depth basically identical.Lighter grinding crack perpendicular to or near perpendicular to the parallel lines of grinding direction, and regularly arranged streak flaw, more serious crackle shows tortoise plastron shape (close network shape).
Can know that from the mechanism that cracks the basic reason that cracks is that grinding process has produced high temperature, or high temperature is taken away before importing workpiece surface into, be only the fundamental way that solves grinding crack.Therefore, workpiece does not produce high temperature during grinding, or high temperature is taken away before importing workpiece surface into, is only the fundamental way that solves grinding crack.The high temperature overwhelming majority derives from friction and the extruding in the grinding process, and reducing friction and pushing is the key that reduces temperature.When the abrasive particle cutting edge was sharp, grinding process was that working angles is occupied an leading position, the friction, the extruding very slight, the heat of generation is little; Skin temperature is just low, therefore, and when cutting edge passivation; In time trimming wheel is guaranteeing to select thicker emery wheel under the situation that the flank of tooth requires; Strengthen the flow of cooling fluid, make cooling fully, take away the heat that grinding produces; Select the relatively little grinding wheel speed and the amount of feeding; Reduce stroke speed and number of stroke.
The present invention proposes improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack; The parameter of said gear grinding machines grinding reducer gear is: modulus M=32.82, tooth number Z=32, pressure angle α=20 °; Helixangle=0; Facewidth B=368, said heat treatment mode are flank of tooth carburizing and quenching, and said quenching hardness is HRC58-62.
Clean the polishing of flank of tooth crackle earlier, reset the gear grinding machines parameter, parameter is following: the emery wheel kind: corundum 4-400*70*127SA60J-35m/s; Granularity: 60, grinding speed: 20m/s (corase grind), 30m/s (correct grinding), stroke speed: 2000mm/min (corase grind), 1800mm/min (correct grinding); Number of stroke: 2, mill amount: 0.02mm, 0.015mm, 0.01mm, 0.0088mm, sharpening number of times: emery wheel of per 3 tooth reconditionings; And the increasing coolant rate, adopt this grinding parameter after, processing identical parts situation under; The flawless phenomenon produces, constant product quality.
The mechanism of production of grinding crack: the generation of grinding crack is that external cause grinding heat, internal cause heat treatment cause.Grinding process is made up of friction, three processes of pushing and cut.Friction in the grinding process and pushing when violent, its energy overwhelming majority is converted into heat energy, and what wherein import workpiece into has reached 80%; Flank of tooth temperature can reach the 800-900 degree during grinding, even higher, and the high temperature that imports workpiece into concentrates on the top layer at grinding position again; Skin temperature is high, and the nexine temperature is low, and the volume size of top layer and nexine expanded by heating can not be synchronous because of temperature difference; Draw has each other formed thermal change stress.The flank of tooth is organized as martensite and a spot of retained austenite, and its surface is rapidly heated to about 100 ℃ and cooling rapidly, will produce contraction, and this contraction occurs over just the surface, and its matrix still is in swelling state, thereby makes superficial layer bear tension; Temperature rises to 300 ℃, and (martensitic expansion is shunk and increased along with the increase of the phosphorus content in the steel) shunk on the surface once more.Retained austenite is decomposed by the influence of grinding heat when grinding, changes martensite gradually into; This new life's martensite concentrates on the surface; Cause the parts locally volumetric expansion, strengthened piece surface stress, cause grinding stress to be concentrated; Newborn martensite fragility is bigger, and grinding also is easy to generate grinding crack; On the other hand, when grinding work piece, be pressure to workpiece, be again pulling force, aggravated the generation of grinding crack.If cooling is insufficient when grinding; Then because the heat that grinding produces; Be enough to make the reaustenitizing of grinding skin thin layer, quenching once more subsequently becomes quenched martensite, makes superficial layer produce additional structural stress; Add the formed heat of grinding the temperature rising of piece surface is exceedingly fast, the superposition of this structural stress and thermal stress just causes grinding skin grinding crack to occur.
For the moulding gear grinding machines; Through observing the variation of gear grinding machines electric current and selecting suitable grinding parameter can find and effectively avoid the generation of grinding crack early; The condition that influences grindability has: the quality of material, batches of materials, hardness, thermal treatment quality, grinding oil and grinding oil supply, emery wheel technical parameter, dressing tool and finishing condition etc.; Therefore will be on grinding process parameters is set according to the actual state of gear; Like modulus, the number of teeth, the facewidth, tooth face hardness, flank of tooth structural constituent, root fillet situation etc., be selected in suitable grinding wheel graininess, grinding speed, stroke speed, number of stroke, mill amount and emery wheel reconditioning number of times etc.
Generally should select the thicker emery wheel of granularity for the gear of big modulus, the big facewidth, grinding speed, stroke speed, mill amount are little, and number of stroke will lack, and it is many that emery wheel reconditioning number of times is wanted, and strengthen coolant rate, avoids producing grinding crack; And former circles must note observing the electric current situation of change and the flank of tooth has or not the burn phenomenon, become big or the flank of tooth has the burn situation like electric current, in time shut down the modification grinding parameter.
With above-mentioned foundation desirable embodiment of the present invention is enlightenment, and through above-mentioned description, the related work personnel can carry out various change and modification fully in the scope that does not depart from this invention technological thought.The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the content on the specification, must confirm its technical scope according to the claim scope.
Claims (8)
1. a moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack improves one's methods; It is characterized in that: the parameter of said gear grinding machines grinding reducer gear is: modulus M=32.82, tooth number Z=32, pressure angle α=20 °; Helixangle=0; Facewidth B=368, said heat treatment mode are flank of tooth carburizing and quenching, and said quenching hardness is HRC58-62.
2. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said emery wheel is corundum 4-400*70*127SA60J-35m/s.
3. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said grinding wheel graininess is 60.
4. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said grinding speed is corase grind 20m/s, correct grinding 30m/s.
5. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said stroke speed is corase grind 2000mm/min, correct grinding 1800mm/min.
6. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said number of stroke is 2.
7. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said emery wheel mill amount is respectively: 0.02mm, 0.015mm, 0.01mm, 0.0088mm.
8. improving one's methods of a kind of moulding gear grinding machines grinding crack according to claim 1 is characterized in that: emery wheel of per 3 the tooth reconditionings of said sharpening number of times.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105443614A CN102463396A (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2010-11-15 | Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine |
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| CN2010105443614A CN102463396A (en) | 2010-11-15 | 2010-11-15 | Method for improving grinding crack of molding gear-grinding machine |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433825A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Control method of grinding burn of carburized gear of aeroengine |
| CN103846631A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-06-11 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Method for controlling grinding cracks of carburized gear of aircraft engine |
| CN105537689A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Gear-grinding and crack-removing repair method |
| CN113523911A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-22 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for solving 10Cr17 steel head and tail billet cracks |
| CN115351361A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-18 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears |
-
2010
- 2010-11-15 CN CN2010105443614A patent/CN102463396A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103433825A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2013-12-11 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Control method of grinding burn of carburized gear of aeroengine |
| CN103846631A (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2014-06-11 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | Method for controlling grinding cracks of carburized gear of aircraft engine |
| CN103433825B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2015-09-23 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | The control method of a kind of aero-engine carburized gears grinding burn |
| CN103846631B (en) * | 2013-09-09 | 2016-08-03 | 西安航空动力股份有限公司 | A kind of control method of aero-engine carburized gears grinding crack |
| CN105537689A (en) * | 2016-02-04 | 2016-05-04 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Gear-grinding and crack-removing repair method |
| CN113523911A (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2021-10-22 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for solving 10Cr17 steel head and tail billet cracks |
| CN113523911B (en) * | 2021-07-27 | 2023-08-25 | 山东泰山钢铁集团有限公司 | Method for solving cracks of 10Cr17 steel grade head and tail blanks |
| CN115351361A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-18 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Method for machining tooth blanks of small-modulus gears |
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Application publication date: 20120523 |