CN115344447A

CN115344447A - Fault self-diagnosis method and system for computer mainboard

Info

Publication number: CN115344447A
Application number: CN202211081825.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨燕纯; 秦小员; 吴佛远
Original assignee: Shenzhen Tongwei Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shenzhen Tongwei Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-05
Filing date: 2022-09-05
Publication date: 2022-11-15

Abstract

The invention discloses a fault self-diagnosis method and a system for a computer mainboard, which comprises the following self-diagnosis steps: s1, a cleaning method: the dust on the mainboard is lightly brushed by a brush, in addition, some plug-in cards and chips on the mainboard are in poor contact due to pin oxidation, the surface oxide layer can be wiped by an eraser, and the plug-in connection is carried out again; s2, an observation method: repeatedly checking the board to be repaired to see whether each plug and each socket are inclined, whether the resistor pins and the capacitor pins are collided, whether the surface is burnt, whether the surface of the chip is cracked, and whether the copper foil on the mainboard is burnt; it is also necessary to check whether or not foreign matter has fallen between the components of the main board. The invention has the advantages of simple and elegant user interface, simple operation, accurate and rapid failure cause diagnosis, perfect exception handling mechanism and information prompting mechanism, good application prospect and laying a foundation for further improvement.

Description

Fault self-diagnosis method and system for computer mainboard

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of computers, in particular to a fault self-diagnosis method and system for a computer mainboard.

Background

In computer motherboard maintenance field, to the mainboard of sending into the maintenance station usually, maintainer vexed the condition that meets the mainboard and can't power on most, promptly, presses the start button after, whole mainboard does not have any reaction, leads to maintainer not from the beginning to the end. The main board fault of this type can usually be eliminated by software including firmware, because before being sent to the maintenance station, technicians face the problem that the main board cannot be started, and first try to re-burn the basic input/output system (BIOS for short), the firmware of the programmable logic chip, etc., and then send to the maintenance station when the problem still cannot be solved. For the mainboard which can not be powered on, a technical means is urgently needed on a production line to quickly diagnose the position of the fault and improve the maintenance efficiency.

If the number of the authorized notice is CN106201804A and the date of the authorized notice is 2016-12-07, the device, the method and the system for testing the computer mainboard comprise: the system comprises an upper computer, a programmable logic device and at least two functional modules; the upper computer is used for sending a configuration instruction to the programmable logic device according to external trigger and sending a test instruction to the mainboard to be tested according to external trigger; the programmable logic device is used for determining at least one functional module from the at least two functional modules to be connected with the mainboard to be tested according to the configuration instruction sent by the upper computer; and the at least one functional module is used for receiving the read operation and the write operation of the mainboard to be tested according to the test instruction.

For example, the method and the device for diagnosing the power-on fault of the computer mainboard have the authorization notice number of CN104484248A and the authorization notice date of 2015-04-01. The method comprises the following steps: supplying power to the mainboard and judging whether the programmable logic chip works or not; if the programmable logic chip works, outputting at least one enabling signal arranged in a preset time sequence according to the connection condition of the programmable logic chip and the plurality of power conversion chips, and enabling the power conversion chips to work; the programmable logic chip detects level conversion signals output by the plurality of power conversion chips; and if the level conversion signal is valid, determining that the circuit between the circuit generating at least one enable signal and the level conversion success signal of the corresponding power conversion chip works normally, otherwise, determining that the circuit in the section has a fault.

In the above and prior art, computers almost become the indispensable tools in all fields, and it is inevitable that faults occur in the using process, so it is very important to diagnose and maintain various computer faults in time, and establishing a computer fault diagnosis expert system is very important to improve the working efficiency of maintenance personnel and reduce the maintenance cost.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a fault self-diagnosis method and a fault self-diagnosis system for a computer mainboard, which aim to overcome the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

a fault self-diagnosis method of a computer main board includes the following self-diagnosis steps:

s1, cleaning: the dust on the mainboard is lightly brushed by a brush, in addition, some plug-in cards and chips on the mainboard are in poor contact due to pin oxidation, the surface oxide layer can be wiped by an eraser, and the plug-in connection is carried out again;

s2, an observation method: repeatedly checking the board to be repaired to see whether each plug and each socket are inclined, whether the resistor pins and the capacitor pins are collided, whether the surface is burnt, whether the surface of the chip is cracked, and whether the copper foil on the mainboard is burnt; whether foreign matters fall between the components of the main board or not is checked;

s3, plug exchange method: turning off the host computer and pulling out all the plug-in boards one by one, and starting up to observe the running state of the computer when pulling out one board;

the exchange method is that the plug-in boards with the same type, the plug-in boards with the same bus mode and the same function or chips with the same type are mutually exchanged, and the fault is judged according to the change condition of the fault phenomenon;

s4, a resistance and voltage measuring method: measuring a resistance value between +5V of power supply and Ground (GND) on the main board before power-up; then, the reverse resistance value is measured, and if the forward resistance value and the reverse resistance value are very small or are close to conduction, a short circuit occurs;

s5, a static and dynamic measurement analysis method:

a static measurement method, in which a mainboard is suspended in a special writing state, a circuit logic principle or a logic relation between chip output and chip input is used for measuring the level of a relevant point by a universal meter or a logic pen to analyze and judge the fault reason;

dynamic measurement and analysis method, which comprises programming special judgment program or artificially setting normal conditions, observing the waveform of related components by oscilloscope during the operation of the machine, comparing with normal waveform, and judging fault part;

s6, a simple and then complex judgment method combined with a composition principle: the method comprises the steps that a chip with simple logical relation and a resistance-capacitance element are judged firstly, and then faults are concentrated on a large-scale integrated circuit chip with difficult logical relation judgment;

s7, software diagnosis: hardware maintenance is assisted by random diagnostic routines, dedicated maintenance diagnostic cards, and self-programming dedicated diagnostic routines based on various technical parameters (e.g., interface addresses).

Further, the resistance and voltage measurement method measures the resistance value between the power supply +5V and the Ground (GND) on the main board before power-on to be 300 Ω and at most not less than 100 Ω.

Furthermore, the diagnostic program and the special maintenance diagnostic card send data and commands by software, and identify and check various interface circuit faults and various circuits with address parameters by reading the state of a circuit and the state of a certain chip (such as a register);

the programmed diagnostic program can enable certain key parts to generate regular signals, can repeatedly test accidental faults and can display and record error conditions.

A fault self-diagnosis system of a computer main board, comprising:

A. the fault cause diagnosis module:

A1. selecting a fault phenomenon: inputting a fault phenomenon by selection;

A2. and (3) selecting a fault point: selecting a fault part for query;

A3. failure cause and explanation: diagnosing and explaining the fault reason;

A4. reliability: calculating the reliability;

B. a knowledge management module:

B1. adding knowledge: adding new knowledge;

B2. and (3) modifying knowledge: updating the existing knowledge;

B3. and (4) deleting knowledge: deleting the existing knowledge;

C. the fault processing method comprises a query module:

C1. the fault processing method comprises the following steps: a fault giving processing method is described in detail;

C2. and (4) inquiring a maintenance case: and processing method inquiry is carried out.

Further, the method comprises the following steps:

the fault cause diagnosis module: diagnosing a fault part which possibly causes a certain fault phenomenon, then giving out possible fault reasons according to different fault with information, and giving out the credible degree of a diagnosis result;

a knowledge management module: the knowledge management module converts the knowledge into rules and stores the rules in a database, and the knowledge management comprises the addition, the update and the deletion of the rules; if a certain fault phenomenon is not stored in the diagnosis process, the user can add the new knowledge into the database; if a certain rule is found to be inaccurate, the rule can be supplemented and perfected through rule updating; if the rule has errors, the corresponding rule can be deleted by deleting the rule;

the fault processing method comprises a query module: and giving a maintenance reference of the fault processing method and giving a related maintenance case.

Further, the knowledge is formed by processing, interpreting, selecting and modifying the information, and the knowledge is derived from experience summaries of computer maintenance personnel.

Further, the knowledge mainly includes a failure phenomenon, a failure diagnosis rule, and a failure generation cause.

Further, the knowledge is expressed in the form of IF... Then.. When the knowledge is converted to rules for storage in a database.

Further, the fault diagnosis module adopts a forward reasoning strategy to carry out reasoning, rules are stored in a database, after a user runs a program, all data are searched, then screening is carried out according to the selection of the user, at the moment, the fault diagnosis module carries out forward reasoning according to the selected fault point information, matched fault reason explanation information is found, and the information is displayed in a window.

In the technical scheme, the fault self-diagnosis method and the fault self-diagnosis system for the computer mainboard have the advantages of simple and elegant user interface, simplicity in operation, accuracy and quickness in fault reason diagnosis, perfect exception handling mechanism and information prompting mechanism, good application prospect and laying a foundation for further improvement.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fault tree structure provided by an embodiment of a method and a system for fault self-diagnosis of a computer motherboard according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a functional structure diagram of a computer motherboard according to a method and system for fault self-diagnosis

Detailed Description

In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1-2, the fault self-diagnosis method for a computer motherboard according to the present invention comprises the following self-diagnosis steps:

s1, a cleaning method: the dust on the mainboard is lightly brushed by a brush, in addition, some plug-in cards and chips on the mainboard are in poor contact due to pin oxidation, the surface oxide layer can be wiped by an eraser, and the plug-in connection is carried out again;

s4, a resistance and voltage measuring method: measuring a resistance value between +5V of power supply and Ground (GND) on the main board before power-up; the resistance and voltage measurement method measures the resistance value between a power supply +5V and the Ground (GND) on the main board to be 300 omega before power-up, the lowest resistance value is not lower than 100 omega, then the reverse resistance value is measured, if the forward and reverse resistance values are very small or are close to conduction, the occurrence of short circuit is indicated;

s5, a static and dynamic measurement analysis method:

a static measurement method, namely, a mainboard is suspended in a special writing state, and a circuit logic principle or a logic relation between chip output and chip input is used for measuring the level of a relevant point by using a universal meter or a logic pen to analyze and judge the fault reason;

s6, a simple and then complex judgment method combined with a composition principle: the method comprises the steps that a chip with simple logical relationship and a resistance-capacitance element are judged firstly, and then faults are concentrated on a large-scale integrated circuit chip with difficult logical relationship judgment;

s7, software diagnosis: hardware maintenance is assisted by random diagnostic programs, special maintenance diagnostic cards and self-programming special diagnostic programs according to various technical parameters (such as interface addresses);

the diagnosis program and special maintenance diagnosis card send data and command by software, and identify and check various interface circuit faults and various circuits with address parameters by reading the state of the circuit and the state of a certain chip (such as a register);

A fault self-diagnosis system of a computer main board, comprising:

A. the fault cause diagnosis module:

A1. selecting a fault phenomenon: inputting a fault phenomenon by selection;

A2. and (3) selecting a fault point: selecting a fault part for query;

A3. failure cause and explanation: diagnosing and explaining the fault reason;

A4. reliability: calculating the reliability;

the fault cause diagnosis module: diagnosing a fault part which possibly causes a certain fault phenomenon, then giving out possible fault reasons according to different fault with information, and giving out the trustable degree of a diagnosis result;

B. a knowledge management module:

B1. adding knowledge: adding new knowledge;

B2. and (3) modifying knowledge: updating the existing knowledge;

B3. and (4) deleting knowledge: deleting the existing knowledge;

the knowledge management module: the knowledge management module converts the knowledge into rules and stores the rules into the database, the rules are expressed in a form of IF... THEN.. When the knowledge is converted into the rules and stored into the database, and the knowledge management comprises the addition, the update and the deletion of the rules; if a certain fault phenomenon is not stored in the diagnosis process, the user can add the new knowledge into the database; if a certain rule is found to be inaccurate, the rule can be supplemented and perfected through rule updating; if the rule has errors, the corresponding rule can be deleted by deleting the rule;

the knowledge is formed by processing, explaining, selecting and modifying information, and comes from experience summary of computer maintenance personnel; the knowledge mainly comprises fault phenomena, fault diagnosis rules and fault generation reasons.

C. The fault processing method comprises a query module:

C1. the fault processing method comprises the following steps: describing a fault giving processing method in detail;

The fault processing method comprises a query module: providing a maintenance reference of the fault processing method and providing a related maintenance case;

the fault diagnosis module adopts a forward reasoning strategy to carry out reasoning, the rules are stored in a database, after a user runs a program, all data are searched, then screening is carried out according to the selection of the user, at the moment, the fault diagnosis module carries out forward reasoning according to the selected fault point information, matched fault reason explanation information is found, and the information is displayed in a window.

While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. A fault self-diagnosis method of a computer main board, characterized by comprising the following self-diagnosis steps:

s2, an observation method: repeatedly checking the board to be repaired to see whether each plug and each socket are inclined, whether the resistor pins and the capacitor pins are collided with each other, whether the surface is burnt or not, whether the surface of the chip is cracked or not and whether the copper foil on the mainboard is burnt or not; whether foreign matters fall between the components of the main board or not is checked;

the exchanging method is that the plug-in boards with the same type, the plug-in boards with the same bus mode and the same function or chips with the same type are mutually exchanged, and the position of a fault is judged according to the change condition of the fault phenomenon;

s5, a static and dynamic measurement analysis method:

2. The method for fault self-diagnosis of a computer main board according to claim 1, wherein the resistance, voltage measuring method measures a resistance value between a power source +5V and Ground (GND) on the main board before power-on to be 300 Ω, and at least not less than 100 Ω.

3. The method of claim 1, wherein the diagnostic program and the dedicated maintenance diagnostic card send data and commands by software, and identify and check various interface circuit faults and various circuits with address parameters by reading the state of the circuit and the state of a chip (such as a register);

the programmed diagnostic program can lead certain key parts to generate regular signals, can repeatedly test accidental faults and can display and record error conditions.

4. A system for fault self-diagnosis of a computer main board, comprising:

A. the fault cause diagnosis module:

A1. selecting a fault phenomenon: inputting a fault phenomenon by selection;

A2. and (3) selecting a fault point: selecting a fault part for query;

A3. failure cause and explanation: diagnosing and explaining the fault reason;

A4. reliability: calculating the reliability;

B. a knowledge management module:

B1. adding knowledge: adding new knowledge;

B2. and (3) modifying knowledge: updating the existing knowledge;

B3. and (4) deleting knowledge: deleting the existing knowledge;

C. the fault processing method comprises a query module:

5. The system for fault self-diagnosis of a computer main board according to claim 4, characterized by comprising the steps of:

6. The system of claim 4, wherein the knowledge is created by processing, interpreting, selecting and modifying information, and the knowledge is derived from experience summaries of computer maintenance personnel.

7. The system for failure self-diagnosis of a computer main board according to claim 4, wherein said knowledge mainly includes a failure phenomenon, a failure diagnosis rule, and a failure generation cause.

8. The system according to claim 4, wherein the rule is expressed in the form of IF..

9. The system of claim 4, wherein the fault diagnosis module employs a forward reasoning strategy to perform reasoning, the rules are stored in the database, after a user runs a program, all data are searched first, and then screening is performed according to the selection of the user, at this time, the fault diagnosis module performs forward reasoning according to the selected fault point information, finds the matched fault reason explanation information, and displays the information in the window.