CN115338389A - Method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and medium manganese steel - Google Patents
Method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and medium manganese steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN115338389A CN115338389A CN202210880042.3A CN202210880042A CN115338389A CN 115338389 A CN115338389 A CN 115338389A CN 202210880042 A CN202210880042 A CN 202210880042A CN 115338389 A CN115338389 A CN 115338389A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 13
- 229910000604 Ferrochrome Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910000616 Ferromanganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910000519 Ferrosilicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910000628 Ferrovanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 12
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron vanadium Chemical compound [V].[Fe] PNXOJQQRXBVKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/12—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing tungsten, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or niobium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/14—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing titanium or zirconium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/16—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing copper
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Treatment Of Steel In Its Molten State (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel, which applies electric pulse treatment when the molten steel of the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid state, a solid-liquid coexisting state, and is solidified into a full-solid state and a full-solid state at high temperature and deformed in the solidification process of the medium manganese steel, so as to improve the as-cast structure and improve the high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel. The invention adopts the low-voltage electric pulse technology, can effectively inhibit the precipitation of grain boundary ferrite in the solidification process of the medium manganese steel, can enlarge an equiaxed crystal area, improves the casting blank quality and the hot-working performance of steel, can regulate and control the solidification structure on the premise of not introducing other impurities, and has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of casting blank manufacturing, and particularly relates to a method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and the medium manganese steel.
Background
The medium manganese steel is considered as the most potential third generation advanced high-strength steel with excellent comprehensive mechanical properties. Medium manganese steels generally contain 3-12 wt.% manganese and a certain content of aluminum, and the microstructure after annealing in critical zones exhibits "multi-phase, metastable, multi-scale" characteristics. A plurality of engineering problems exist in the process of industrial production and application of the high-performance medium manganese steel, and need to be solved urgently. According to the existing research, the high content of alloy such as Mn, al and the like in the medium manganese steel easily causes the coarse and uneven solidification structure, and seriously deteriorates the thermoplasticity of the continuous casting billet. In addition, the medium manganese steel has a wide two-phase region, and high-temperature cracks caused by inconsistent deformation between phases are an important cause of high-temperature brittleness. The uniformity of the solidification structure and the inhibition of the precipitation of high-temperature ferrite are important ways for improving the high-temperature mechanical property of the medium manganese steel. At present, the main means for controlling the steel as-cast structure comprise electromagnetic stirring, spray forming and grain refiner. The electromagnetic stirring has high requirements on equipment and technology, and impurities and gas are easily introduced due to the turning of the molten metal to influence the quality of the solidified cast ingot in the stirring process; the introduction of the grain refiner pollutes molten steel and affects subsequent processing; the spray forming technology has high requirements on equipment and cannot meet the requirements of large-scale production of steel.
In order to meet the requirement of industrial high-efficiency production of medium manganese steel, a convenient, fast and controllable solidification technology is urgently needed, researches and findings at the end of the last century show that high-voltage pulses generated by capacitance discharge can optimize a low-melting-point metal solidification structure, and successive scholars in the following decades find that the electric pulses have great influence on the solidification structure of part of alloy, but the electric pulses are high-voltage pulses released by the adopted capacitance, and the problems of high-voltage risk and easy damage of elements exist in the capacitance discharge, so that the industrial application is hindered.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and the medium manganese steel, which are suitable for refining the as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel, inhibiting the precipitation of grain boundary ferrite in the cooling and deformation processes and improving the uniformity and the thermoplasticity of the as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel.
In the casting process of the medium manganese steel, electric pulse treatment is applied when the molten steel of the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid state, a solid-liquid coexisting state, and is solidified into a full-solid state and is deformed at a high temperature in the full-solid state, so that the cast structure of the medium manganese steel is improved, and the high-temperature plasticity is improved.
In the above aspect and any possible implementation manner, there is further provided an implementation manner that, when the molten steel is in a full liquid state, the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and current density of 100A/mm 2 ～300A/mm 2 。
In the aspect and any one of the possible implementations described above, there is further provided an implementation that, when the molten steel is in a solid-liquid coexisting state, the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and 50A/mm of current density 2 ～200A/mm 2 。
The above aspect and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, when the molten steel is solidified into a fully solid state, the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and current density of 10A/mm 2 ～100A/mm 2 。
The above-mentioned aspects and any possible implementation manner further provide an implementation manner, when the ingot is deformed at high temperature in the full solid state, the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V, currentThe density is 1A/mm 2 ～60A/mm 2 。
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation in which a graphite electrode is used when the medium manganese steel is in a liquid-full and liquid-solid state, and a metal electrode is used in a solid-full state to introduce the electric pulse.
The above aspects and any possible implementations further provide an implementation where the spacing between the electrodes is 1 to 100cm.
The above aspects and any possible implementation further provide an implementation manner, wherein the medium manganese steel has a composition range of Fe- (0.01% -1%) C- (0% -5%) Al- (0% -5%) Si- (3% -12%) Mn-V/Nb/Ti/Cu.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner described above, an implementation manner is further provided, where the molten steel includes, by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
The invention also provides medium manganese steel which is prepared by the method.
The invention has the advantages of
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel, which is characterized in that in the casting process of the medium manganese steel, electric pulse treatment is applied when the molten steel of the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid state, a solid-liquid coexisting state, and is solidified into a full-solid state and is deformed at high temperature, so that the as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel is improved and the high-temperature plasticity is improved, wherein the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0 to 50V. The method provided by the invention can improve the as-cast structure, does not have adverse effect on the steel, and can improve the hot workability of the steel, and has the following specific advantages:
(1) The low-voltage electric pulse technology can effectively inhibit the precipitation of grain boundary ferrite in the solidification process of medium manganese steel, and can also enlarge an equiaxed crystal area and improve the casting blank quality and the hot-working performance of steel.
(2) Because the electric pulse equipment is simpler than the traditional electromagnetic stirring and injection molding technical equipment, the solidification structure can be regulated and controlled on the premise of not introducing other impurities, and the device has the advantages of high efficiency, energy conservation and environmental protection.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing the change in reduction of area under high temperature stretching in examples 1 and 2 of the present invention and comparative example 1;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the change in reduction of area under high temperature stretching in example 3 and comparative example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a microstructure image of the 1/4 thickness position of the as-cast sample in all examples and comparative examples of the present invention, a) the medium manganese steel ingot structure in comparative example 1; b) The steel ingot is the medium manganese steel ingot structure in the comparative example 2; c) The as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel obtained in example 1; d) The as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel obtained in example 2; e) The as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel obtained in example 3 was obtained.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the summary of the invention includes but is not limited to the following detailed description, and similar techniques and methods should be considered as within the scope of the present invention. In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be understood that the described embodiments of the invention are only some of the described embodiments of the invention, and not all of the described embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in figure 1, the method for improving the as-cast structure and the high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel of the invention applies electric pulse treatment when the molten steel of the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid state, a solid-liquid coexisting state, a full-solid state after solidification and full-solid state high-temperature deformation at the temperature of 600-1200 ℃ in the casting process of the medium manganese steel, improves the as-cast structure and improves the high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel, and the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1 to 45 percent.
The molten steel adopted in the invention comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08%; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Specifically, the method for inserting the electrodes to apply electric pulses when molten steel is in a molten state comprises the following steps:
s1: equipment connection: an electrode is inserted into the crucible and connected to the output of the electrical pulse device.
S2: electric pulse treatment: continuously applying electric pulses when the molten steel is completely in a liquid state until the molten steel completely enters the crystallizer, stopping applying the electric pulses, and setting parameters as current density: 100A/mm 2 ～300A/mm 2 (ii) a The pulse width is 1 mus to 1ms; frequency: 50Hz to 4000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V; electrode spacing: 1 cm-100 cm. By adopting the full-liquid-phase low-voltage electric pulse treatment, the inoculation period of molten steel solidification nucleation can be effectively shortened, and the nucleation of crystal grains is promoted, so that the equiaxed crystal rate is increased from below 22% to above 50%; the shrinkage of the high-temperature tensile section at 600-1200 ℃ is improved from about 30 percent to over 55 percent. The drawing in the temperature range defined above is an evaluation of all-solid-state high-temperature plasticity. In addition, the temperature range of the electric pulse is synchronously loaded in the all-solid-state deformation process.
The electric pulse is applied when the molten steel is in a solid-liquid coexistence stage, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: equipment connection: according to production requirements, when the temperature of the melt is reduced to a state meeting the solid-liquid coexistence, an electrode is inserted into a reserved position of the crucible, and the electrode is connected with the output end of the electric pulse equipment.
S2: electric pulse treatment: continuously applying electric pulse when solid and liquid coexist until the solid and liquid coexist into the die, stopping applying the electric pulse, and setting parametersAt a current density of 50A/mm 2 ～200A/mm 2 (ii) a Pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0 to 50V. The solid-liquid coexistence stage can effectively promote solid-phase nucleation and refine grains by applying the electric pulse treatment. The average grain size is thinned to about 20 μm from about 100 μm; the reduction of area under 600-1200 ℃ high temperature stretch is improved from below 30% to above 60%.
Preferably, the method for applying the electric pulse when the molten steel is in the all solid phase stage comprises the following steps:
s1, equipment connection: and connecting the electrode with the completely solidified steel ingot, and connecting the electrode with the output end of the pulse equipment by using a lead.
S2, electric pulse treatment: applying electric pulses to the steel ingot in the S1 for 5-60min, and setting parameters as current density: current density: 10A/mm 2 ～100A/mm 2 (ii) a Pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0 to 50V. And in the pure solid phase stage, electric pulse treatment is added, and pulse parameters of low duty ratio, low frequency and medium and low current are adopted to inhibit high-temperature carbide and ferrite in the steel ingot from being separated out at a grain boundary to a certain extent, so that high-temperature plasticity is improved, and the high-temperature tensile section shrinkage rate at 600-1200 ℃ is improved from below 30% to above 65%.
Preferably, the method for applying the electric pulse in the all-solid-phase high-temperature deformation process stage comprises the following steps:
s1, equipment connection: and connecting the electrode with the ingot to be subjected to all-solid-phase high-temperature deformation, and connecting the electrode with the output end of the pulse equipment by using a lead.
S2, electric pulse treatment: applying electric pulses to the steel ingot in the S1 for 5-60min, and setting parameters as current density: 1A/mm 2 ～60A/mm 2 (ii) a Pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0 to 50V. The electric pulse is applied in the high-temperature deformation process, so that the dynamic recrystallization can be effectively promoted, the precipitation of ferrite on grain boundaries is inhibited, and the high-temperature tensile reduction of area is improved from below 30% to 55% to furtherThe above.
Preferably, according to the actual needs, graphite electrodes are adopted in the all-liquid phase region and the liquid-solid two-phase region, and metal electrodes such as pure copper are adopted in the all-solid phase region. This is because the graphite electrode has good conductivity and excellent high-temperature stability at a high temperature in the liquid phase region, and thus is used. In the solid phase stage, the metal electrode such as copper and the like has more excellent conductivity and can effectively reduce the influence of the joule heating effect.
Preferably, the medium manganese steel has the composition range of Fe- (0.01-1%) C- (0-5%) Al- (0-5%) Si- (3-12%) Mn-V/Nb/Ti/Cu. The present invention is directed to solving the problem of poor high temperature plasticity and workability caused by coarse ferrite grains precipitating along grain boundaries during solidification and cooling of steel grades within the above composition range. The electric pulse treatment process related to the invention comprises but is not limited to the intermediate processes of continuous casting and semi-continuous casting of medium manganese steel and hot working process.
Comparative example 1
(1) Subjecting medium manganese steel, the composition of which is Fe-0.5% by weight, al-2.5% by weight, si-11% by weight, mn-0.08% by weight, to electric furnace smelting, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and ferroaluminum in sequence during the smelting process, and obtaining molten steel at a tapping temperature of 1550-1600 ℃; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08%; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) After complete melting, casting is carried out at 1550-1600 ℃, and the cut-out parts are remelted and cast in a medium-frequency furnace.
According to the method of comparative example 1, samples were taken for high temperature drawing and as-cast texture characterization, the texture being shown in FIG. 4 a). It can be seen that the as-cast structure of the sample had coarse grains and much ferrite, and the high temperature mechanical properties thereof are as shown in FIG. 2.
Comparative example 2
(1) Subjecting medium manganese steel, the composition of which is Fe-0.5% by weight, al-1.5% by weight, si-9% by weight, mn-0.08% by weight, to electric furnace smelting, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and ferroaluminum in sequence during the smelting process, and obtaining molten steel at a tapping temperature of 1550-1600 ℃; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:9 percent; si:2 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:1.5 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) Completely melting, casting at 1550-1600 deg.C after the components are sufficiently uniform, remelting the cut sample in a medium frequency furnace, and casting.
(3) And (3) carrying out heat preservation on the cast ingot to simulate the temperature during high-temperature deformation, and keeping the temperature above 1100 ℃ for high-temperature deformation.
According to the method of comparative example 2, samples were taken for high temperature drawing and as-cast texture characterization, the texture being shown in FIG. 4 b). It can be seen that the sample had coarse grains of the as-cast structure, many ferrite grains were formed, the grains were coarse, and the high temperature mechanical properties thereof are shown in FIG. 3.
Examples
Example 1
A method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) subjecting medium manganese steel, whose composition is Fe-0.5% by weight, al-2.5% by weight, si-11% by weight, mn-0.08% by weight, to electric furnace smelting, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, and ferroaluminum in sequence during the smelting process, and tapping at 1550-1600 ℃ to obtain an ingot; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) After the components are completely melted, the components are fully and uniformly cast in a 1550-1600 ℃ interval, cut parts of samples are remelted in an intermediate frequency furnace, the temperature is controlled to be more than 1550 ℃, and the cut parts of samples are transferred into a heat-insulating crucible for an electric pulse experiment.
(3) Inserting electrodes into the crucible and connecting an electric pulse device, controlling the temperature to be more than 1550 ℃ and the pulse width to be 200 mus under the full liquid phase state; the pulse period is 2000 mus; the current density is 160A/mm 2 (ii) a The electrode spacing is 15cm; the pulse voltage is 10V; applying electric pulse, treating for 30min, and die cooling to solidify completely. The as-cast structure is shown in fig. 4 c), significantly suppressing the precipitation of ferrite during the solidification process, compared to the sample of comparative example 1 which was not subjected to the electric pulse treatment (fig. 4 a).
Example 2
A method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel comprises the following implementation processes:
(1) subjecting medium manganese steel, the composition of which is Fe-0.5% by weight, al-2.5% by weight, si-11% by weight, mn-0.08% by weight, to electric furnace smelting, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and ferroaluminum in sequence during the smelting process, and obtaining molten steel at a tapping temperature of 1550-1600 ℃; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08%; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) After the components are completely melted, the components are fully and uniformly cast in a 1550-1600 ℃ interval, cut parts of samples are remelted in an intermediate frequency furnace, the temperature is controlled to be more than 1550 ℃, and the samples are transferred into a heat-insulating crucible for electric pulse experiments.
(3) After inserting the electrode, connecting an electric pulse device, controlling the temperature to be above 1200 ℃, and controlling the pulse width to be 150 mus under the solid-liquid coexistence state; the pulse period is 1500 mus; the current density is 120A/mm 2 (ii) a The electrode spacing is 13cm; the pulse voltage is 15V; an electrical pulse is applied until complete coagulation.
According to the method of the invention example 2, the sample is taken for high-temperature drawing and cast structure characterization, and compared with the medium manganese steel ingot structure (figure 4 a)) in the comparative example 1, the sample obtained in the invention example has finer grains, the precipitation of ferrite at the grain boundary has a more obvious inhibiting effect (figure 4 d)), and the reduction of area is obviously improved compared with the high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel which is subjected to common smelting and casting (figure 2).
Example 3
A method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) subjecting medium manganese steel, the composition of which is Fe-0.5% by weight, al-1.5% by weight, si-9% by weight, mn-0.08% by weight, to electric furnace smelting, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium and ferroaluminum in sequence during the smelting process, and obtaining molten steel at a tapping temperature of 1550-1600 ℃; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:9 percent; si:2 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:1.5 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) After the components are completely melted, the components are fully and uniformly cast in the range of 1550-1600 ℃, and cut parts of samples are remelted and cast in an intermediate frequency furnace.
(3) Carrying out constant temperature treatment on the cast ingot, simulating the solid solution temperature before hot forging, keeping the temperature above 1100 ℃, and controlling the pulse width to be 600 mu s; the pulse period is 2000 mus; the current density is 55A/mm 2 (ii) a The pulse voltage is 20V; the electrode spacing is 10cm; the energization time was 10 minutes.
According to the method of the invention example 3, samples are taken for high-temperature drawing and cast structure characterization, and compared with the medium manganese steel ingot structure (figure 4 b)) in the comparative example 2, the samples obtained in the invention example have the advantages that the crystal grains are refined to a certain extent, and the growth of ferrite at the grain boundary is inhibited (figure 4 e)). As can be seen from the high temperature drawing results of fig. 2, the reduction of area is improved.
Example 4
A method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel comprises the following implementation steps:
(1) C-1.5-C-1.5% by weight of Si-9-Mn-0.08-V, melting in an electric furnace, adding ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrovanadium, ferroaluminum in that order during the melting, tapping at 1550-1600 ℃ to obtain molten steel; the addition of the ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochromium and ferrovanadium meets the following conditions, so that the molten steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:9 percent; si:2 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:1.5 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(2) After complete melting, the composition is cast in a temperature range of 1550-1600 ℃ with good homogeneity, and the cut-out portion is remelted and cast in a medium frequency furnace.
(3) Cutting the cast ingot, stretching at 600-1200 deg.c and loading electric pulse synchronously during stretching deformation. Wherein, the pulse width is 700 mus; the pulse period is 2000 mus; the current density is 30A/mm 2 (ii) a The pulse voltage was 25V.
(4) As can be seen from the high-temperature stretching result in FIG. 1, the reduction of area of the sample subjected to the electric pulse synchronously loaded in the high-temperature stretching process is improved to a certain extent compared with that of comparative example 1.
Preferably, the invention also provides medium manganese steel prepared by the method. The medium manganese steel with the composition is smelted and produced under the electric pulse technology, and the electric pulse treatment aims to solve the problems of high-temperature plasticity and poor processing caused by precipitation of coarse ferrite at grain boundaries in the smelting process of the medium manganese steel with the composition range and improve the equiaxed crystal rate of a sample.
The terminology used in the embodiments of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in the description of the invention and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The foregoing description shows and describes several preferred embodiments of the invention, but as aforementioned, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the forms disclosed herein, but is not to be construed as excluding other embodiments and is capable of use in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and is capable of changes within the scope of the inventive concept as expressed herein, commensurate with the above teachings, or the skill or knowledge of the relevant art. And that modifications and variations may be effected by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel is characterized in that in the casting process of the medium manganese steel, low-voltage electric pulse treatment is applied when the molten steel of the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid state, a solid-liquid coexisting state, a full-solid state after solidification and full-solid state high-temperature deformation, so that the as-cast structure of the medium manganese steel is improved, and the high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel is improved.
2. The method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows when the molten steel is in a full liquid state: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and 100A/mm of current density 2 ～300A/mm 2 。
3. The method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein when the molten steel is in a solid-liquid coexisting state, the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and 50A/mm of current density 2 ～200A/mm 2 。
4. The method for improving as-cast structure and high temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the electric pulses are set as follows when the molten steel is solidified into a fully solid state: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50 Hz-9000 Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and current density of 10A/mm 2 ～100A/mm 2 。
5. The method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel according to claim 1The method is characterized in that electric pulse treatment is carried out in the all-solid-state high-temperature deformation process, and the parameters of the electric pulse are set as follows: pulse width: 1 mus-1 ms; frequency: 50Hz to 9000Hz; duty ratio: 1% -45%; pulse voltage: 0-50V and current density of 1A/mm 2 ～60A/mm 2 。
6. The method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein a graphite electrode is used when the medium manganese steel is in a full-liquid and solid-liquid coexisting state, and a metal electrode is used in a full-solid state to introduce electric pulses.
7. The method for improving as-cast structure and high temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel according to claim 6, wherein the spacing between the electrodes is 1-100 cm.
8. The method for improving the as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of the medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the medium manganese steel has a composition range of Fe- (0.01% -1%) C- (0% -5%) Al- (0% -5%) Si- (3% -12%) Mn-V/Nb/Ti/Cu.
9. The method for improving as-cast structure and high temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel according to claim 1, wherein the molten steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c:0.5 percent; mn:11 percent; si:2.5 percent; v:0.08 percent; al:2 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.02 percent; s: less than or equal to 0.02 percent, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
10. A medium manganese steel produced by the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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