CN106424668A - Method for improving corrosion resistance of cast iron casting - Google Patents
Method for improving corrosion resistance of cast iron casting Download PDFInfo
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- CN106424668A CN106424668A CN201610820032.5A CN201610820032A CN106424668A CN 106424668 A CN106424668 A CN 106424668A CN 201610820032 A CN201610820032 A CN 201610820032A CN 106424668 A CN106424668 A CN 106424668A
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- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title abstract description 48
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title abstract description 38
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 9
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004453 electron probe microanalysis Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000035744 Hura crepitans Species 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001367 artery Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000000396 iron Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002506 iron compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 rare earth compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003462 vein Anatomy 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D27/00—Treating the metal in the mould while it is molten or ductile ; Pressure or vacuum casting
- B22D27/02—Use of electric or magnetic effects
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/06—Cast-iron alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C37/00—Cast-iron alloys
- C22C37/10—Cast-iron alloys containing aluminium or silicon
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving corrosion resistance of a cast iron casting, and belongs to the technical field of corrosion and wear resistance of metal materials. The method is to pour smelted cast iron metal liquid in a sand mold; the metal liquid connects two electrode terminals; after the casting is totally solidified, that is, the casting is cooled to reach solid-phase temperature, the sharp wave electric pulse is applied; and after the casting is cooled to below the solid-phase line temperature by 200-400 DEG C, the electric pulse is cut off, and the casting is cooled to reach the room temperature. As the electromigration effect of the electric pulse, the content of C elements in carbides in the cast iron casting is increased, and the content of Cr elements is reduced, but the content of the C elements in a basal body is reduced, and the content of the Cr elements is increased; and the electric pulse is applied to the cast iron casting containing a certain content of Cr to increase the electrode potential of the basal body structure of the casting, so that the corrosion resistance of the casting is improved. The method has such advantages as simple operation, short treatment time, high production efficiency, low energy consumption and obtaining of the cast iron casting with high corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method improving iron casting decay resistance, belong to metal material anti-corrosion wear performance
Technical field.
Background technology
The high cast iron of the amount containing Cr is widely used in the fields such as metallurgy, mine, chemical industry, water conservancy, but in actually used process
Middle discovery, this kind of cast iron member usually just there occurs inefficacy in the case of being also not reaching to expected service life, and its reason is
Contain the Cr high cast iron of amount and not only only exist attrition big absolutely in metallurgy, mine, chemical industry, these operating modes of water conservancy, also with
The different corrosion failure of various degree, corrosion failure directly affects the actual wear life-span of the high cast iron materials of the amount containing Cr.Cause
This, under a lot of special operation conditions, measure high ironcasting to containing Cr, does not require nothing more than it and has good anti-wear performance it is necessary to have
There is higher decay resistance.
The corrosion failure of the higher iron casting of element containing Cr is mainly due to the chemistry of external agency or electrochemical action
Cause, the internal stress that the chemical composition of cast iron, microstructure the exist and deformation and external condition close phase all with iron corrosion
Close.Generally due to the Cr element containing more raising decay resistance, in simple corrosive environment, as any concentration
Containing the high cast iron of Cr amount in nitric acid all has sufficiently high stability, this is because its surface energy generates one layer of very thin and close attachment
Cr2O3Oxide-film, thus greatly improving corrosion resistance, especially in acid medium, Cr promotes it to be passivated rapidly, to raising corrosion resistant
Corrosion cuts much ice.But there are some researches show, in corrosion process, due to the electrode electricity of the high carbon in cast iron compound of the amount containing Cr
Position is higher than matrix, and matrix is in anode status in corrosive medium, is the main body being corroded, and carbide can occur with basal body interface
Corrosion, under corrosion and the comprehensive operating mode of abrasion, this interfacial corrosion is very harmful to the wearability of material, because carbide loses
Support is exposed to be easy to rupture outside, or even monoblock occurs broken or fractures, thus leading to its service life to decline to a great extent.Cause
This, the performance of the anti-corrosion wear of the high cast iron of the amount containing Cr depends greatly on the corrosion resistance of matrix.And matrix is resistance to
Corrosivity depend primarily on containing Cr amount, and with the increase containing Cr amount in matrix, the rate of corrosion of cast iron reduces.
In the process of setting of the high cast iron of the amount containing Cr, primary phase is (Cr, Fe)7C3Carbide, and Cr element is strong carbonization
Thing forms element, and easy integrated distribution is in primary carbide, so that the Cr content in matrix reduces, thus affecting matrix
Decay resistance, reduces the overall anti-corrosion wear performance of cast iron.So, Cr Elemental redistribution reasonably this kind of iron casting ability
There is more preferable anti-corrosion wear performance.At present, anti-wear performance under corrosive environment for the high cast iron of the amount containing Cr is unsatisfactory, limit
Make its application；In the urgent need to a kind of processing means that can improve this kind of cast iron anti-corrosion wear performance.And improve containing Cr amount
One of corrosion proof method of high cast iron is exactly to improve the content of Cr element in its matrix.
The content of Cr element in matrix can be improved by increasing the total content of Cr element in cast iron, but carbonization of simultaneously coming into being
In thing, Cr constituent content also can increase.The M of widely distributed high rigidity in structure of cast iron7C3Type primary carbide is usually strip
Shape or shaft-like, with the raising of Cr constituent content, M in tissue7C3Type carbide volume fraction increases therewith, the dissolving in of Cr atom,
M can be made7C3Type carbide hardness increases further, correspondingly also increases the fragility of material, causes iron casting toughness significantly
Reduce, thus losing actually used value.So increasing merely overall Cr content is the wasting of resources, nor improve containing Cr
Measure the serviceability of high cast iron.
In addition, there are some researches show containing C about 2 wt%, Cr about 24 wt% cast iron in add about 0.2 wt% mixing dilute
Soil（Containing Ce about 43%）Decay resistance that can be with it in weak property medium, its main cause be Rare-Earth Element Chemistry property very
Vivaciously, preferential and S, O, N can generate rare earth compound, under appropriate conditions floating in slag, and make field trash minimizing, thus only
Change phase boundary（Carbide and matrix have a common boundary）, improve phase boundary corrosion resistance.But the addition of rare earth element must strictly control, because
Excessive rare earth element can make the amount of inclusions increase on the contrary, has little time floating in slag, to be then mostly enriched with interface, instead result in
Corrosion rate is increased and is reduced with erosion corrosion drag.And, the addition of rare earth element is only capable of improving and contains Cr amount under weak acidic medium
The corrosion resistance of high cast iron cast iron, acts on less under neutral medium.In a word, measure height by adding rare earth element to improve containing Cr
The corrosion resistance of cast iron there is risk and limitation.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is：The high iron casting corrosion proof method poor practicability of improvement amount containing Cr,
The shortcomings of risk is high, the corrosion resisting property containing the high iron casting matrix of Cr amount during corrosive wear is low, in corrosion
The problems such as under the operating mode coexisting with abrasion, corrosion can accelerate the abrasion of foundry goods.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of method improving iron casting decay resistance, in iron casting（Cr's
Mass percent is 15%--25%）In cooling procedure after mold filling and solidification, electric pulse is applied to it, obtain decay resistance higher
Iron casting, specifically include following steps：
（1）In modeling process, two nickel matter electrodes are imbedded in sand mold, nickel matter electrode end is connected with sand mold die cavity, nickel matter electrode
The other end be connected with electric pulse generator；
（2）Melted iron metal liquid is poured in sand mold, two electrode ends are connected by molten metal, and foundry goods solidifies completely
Afterwards, that is, it is cooled to applying sharp wave pulse current during solid-state temperature point（Electromigration for playing electric pulse provides enough
Temperature and time）, power frequency 10≤f≤45HZ, pulsewidth 1≤ts≤10μS, voltage 500≤U≤1400V, when foundry goods cooling
Disconnect electric pulse to after lower 200 DEG C～400 DEG C of solidus temperature, foundry goods is cooled to room temperature, obtain decay resistance raising
Cast iron；Due to electric pulse electromigration so that in foundry goods carbide inner C element content raise, Cr constituent content drop
Low, and in matrix, C element content reduces, Cr constituent content raises so that the decay resistance of foundry goods improves.
Step of the present invention（1）Middle electrode end is connected with sand mold die cavity it is ensured that can form electricity after casting pouring solidification
Flow back to road.
Cast iron in the method for the invention refers to the cast iron for 15%--25% for the mass percent containing Cr.
The present invention controls the distribution situation of Cr element in cast iron by controlling the parameter applying electric pulse, thus increasing base
The corrosion resisting property of body, improves foundry goods entirety anti-corrosion wear performance.The prolongation of electric pulse application time, is likely to result in more
Energy consumption, and the more preferable structure of cast iron of decay resistance can not be obtained, but its decay resistance also will not deteriorate.
It is characteristic of the invention that being cooled to 200 DEG C～400 DEG C mistakes under solidus temperature after solidifying iron casting completely
Cheng Zhong, controls the distribution of Cr element by it is applied with the sharp wave electric pulse of certain parameter, thus obtaining having excellent resistance to
The iron casting of corrosion wear characteristic.The present invention compares that to improve material corrosion-resistant by increasing Cr element total content in alloy
Property, the fragility of cast iron will not be improved, not resulting in cast iron toughness is greatly lowered, thus ensure that the actually used of iron casting
It is worth.The present invention compares and improves the corrosion resistance of cast iron by adding rare earth element, does not have rare earth adding quantity control improper on the contrary
Causing corrosion speed increases the risk reducing with erosion corrosion drag.Process time of the present invention is short, energy resource consumption is low, production efficiency
Height, its core process is the distribution by electric pulse to Cr, C element in molten cast iron, to control in its process of setting and tissue
The distribution of Cr element, the excellent anti-corrosion wear performance of final acquisition.The concrete feature of the present invention is to solidify completely in iron castings
After start apply frequency 10≤f≤45HZ, pulsewidth 1≤ts≤10μS, the sharp wave electric pulse of voltage 500≤U≤1400V, wait to cast
Part disconnects electric pulse after being cooled to lower 200 DEG C～400 DEG C of solidus temperature, obtains Cr Elemental redistribution rationally, corrosion wear resistance
The high tissue of energy.
Advantages of the present invention and beneficial effect are：
（1）Using the present invention, in the cooling procedure after iron casting solidification, start to apply power frequency 10 from solid-state temperature point
≤ f≤45HZ, pulsewidth 1≤ts≤10μS, the sharp wave electric pulse of voltage 500≤U≤1400V, treat that foundry goods is cooled to solidus temperature
Disconnect electric pulse after 200 DEG C～400 DEG C below degree, obtain Cr Elemental redistribution rationally, there is more preferable anti-corrosion wear performance high
Tissue.
（2）The method of the invention is simple to operate, energy consumption is low, process time is short, production efficiency is high.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the Cr Elemental redistribution EDS Surface scan photograph that two kinds of casting samples to composition 1 apply electric pulse and do not apply electric pulse
Piece；
Fig. 3 is the Cr Elemental redistribution EDS line scanning photograph that two kinds of casting samples to composition 2 apply electric pulse and do not apply electric pulse
Piece；
Fig. 4 is NaCl corrosion experiment polarization curve；
1- sandbox in Fig. 1；2- nickel electrode；3- electric pulse generator；4- thermocouple；5- moisture recorder.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but protection scope of the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to described content.
Embodiment 1
The method improving iron casting decay resistance described in the present embodiment, the present embodiment processes the composition of sample and solid, liquid turns
Temperature as shown in table 1, is 1,2,3 by constitution number, specifically includes following steps：
（1）In modeling process, two nickel matter electrodes are imbedded in sand mold, nickel matter electrode end is connected with sand mold die cavity, is located proximate to
The work surface of foundry goods, the other end of nickel matter electrode is connected with electric pulse generator；
（2）The iron metal liquid of three kinds of melted compositions is poured in sand mold at 40 DEG C higher than respective liquidus curve, molten metal will
Two electrode ends are connected, and form closed-loop path, and cast terminates rear foundry goods and be cooled to during respective solidus temperature to apply point immediately
Ripple electric pulse, disconnects electric pulse when foundry goods is cooled to subsolidus temperature, obtains the casting of the Electric Pulse Treatment of three compositions
Iron castings；Wherein, the technological parameter of sharp wave electric pulse is as shown in table 2.
Obtain the casting sample not applying electric pulse of three compositions using identical melting-casting-cooling procedure；Use
Scanning electron microscope（SEM）, power spectrum（EDS）, electron probe（EPMA）1,2,3 three compositions of analysis are not powered at pulse sample and pulse
The distribution situation of element in reason sample tissue（Referring to Fig. 2 and Fig. 3）；
Cut sample from the six kinds of iron castings obtaining, make the cube that the length of side is 8mm, and surveyed using electrochemical workstation
Try Tafel curve in 3.5%NaCl solution for two samples, effective affecting acreage is 0.64mm2, sweep speed is 0.001V/s
；1st, 2, the iron casting experimental data of 3 three kind of composition corresponds to (a), (b), (c) in Fig. 4 respectively；
Fig. 2 is the Cr Elemental redistribution EDS Surface scan photo of the iron casting of composition 1, wherein（a）For not applying electric pulse sample,
B () is to apply electric pulse sample.After adopting the impulse method of the present invention to process as can be seen from Figure 2, carbonization of coming into being in cast structure
The overall region color of thing is more shallow than untreated, illustrates that Cr constituent content is less, and in matrix, Cr constituent content improves.
Fig. 3 is the SEM of iron casting and the Elemental redistribution EDS line scanned photograph of composition 2, wherein（a）For not applying electric arteries and veins
Rush sample, (b) is to apply electric pulse sample.After adopting the impulse method of the present invention to process as can be seen from Figure 3, in cast structure
In primary carbide, Cr constituent content reduces, and in matrix, Cr constituent content raises.
As known from Table 3 in the iron casting tissue of three kinds of compositions, the Cr unit of primary carbide in organizing after electric pulse
Cellulose content decreases, and Fe constituent content increases.
Fig. 4 is NaCl corrosion experiment polarization curve, Fig. 4 a ~ c respectively tie element be 1, the experiment of 2,3 iron casting
Result；Can obtain in NaCl polarization curve DBMS from Fig. 4, the sample of three kinds of compositions, through the sample of Electric Pulse Treatment
Corrosion potential be all higher than identical component without Electric Pulse Treatment, therefore therefrom can draw, through of the present invention
The iron casting that method was processed has more preferable anti-corrosion wear performance.Result shows that the present invention has simple to operate, energy consumption
Low, process time is short, production efficiency is high, and can prepare Cr Elemental redistribution rationally, the high cast iron casting of anti-corrosion wear performance
The advantages of part.
The composition of 1 three kinds of cast irons of table and solid, liquid transition temperature
Table 2 electric pulse technological parameter
Primary carbide element EPMA analysis result in table 3 iron casting tissue（wt%）
.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method improving iron casting decay resistance is it is characterised in that specifically include following steps：
（1）In modeling process, two nickel matter electrodes are imbedded in sand mold, nickel matter electrode end is connected with sand mold die cavity, nickel matter electrode
The other end be connected with electric pulse generator；
（2）Melted iron metal liquid is poured in sand mold, two electrode ends are connected by molten metal, and foundry goods solidifies completely
Afterwards, that is, it is cooled to applying sharp wave pulse current, power frequency 10≤f≤45HZ, pulsewidth 1≤ts≤10 during solid-state temperature pointμs、
Voltage 500≤U≤1400V, disconnects electric pulse after foundry goods is cooled to lower 200 DEG C～400 DEG C of solidus temperature, foundry goods is cooled down
To room temperature, obtain the iron casting of decay resistance raising.
2. according to claim 1 improve cast iron decay resistance method it is characterised in that：Described step（1）Middle electrode
End is connected with sand mold die cavity, can form current loop after casting pouring solidification.
3. according to claim 1 improve cast iron decay resistance method it is characterised in that：The quality of Cr in described cast iron
Percentage ratio is 15%--25%.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610820032.5A CN106424668B (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2016-09-13 | A method of improving iron casting corrosion resistance |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201610820032.5A CN106424668B (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2016-09-13 | A method of improving iron casting corrosion resistance |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN106424668A true CN106424668A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106424668B CN106424668B (en) | 2018-11-27 |
Family
ID=58168709
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115338389A (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2022-11-15 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and medium manganese steel |
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| CN115338389B (en) * | 2022-07-25 | 2024-05-03 | 北京科技大学 | Method for improving as-cast structure and high-temperature plasticity of medium manganese steel and medium manganese steel |
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| CN106424668B (en) | 2018-11-27 |
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