CN115332788B - A low-profile three-band flat high-gain resonant cavity antenna - Google Patents
A low-profile three-band flat high-gain resonant cavity antenna Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
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- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
本发明提供一种低剖面三频平坦高增益谐振腔天线，包括宽带馈源、部分反射覆层、全反射金属板及支撑柱；宽带馈源为Vivaldi天线或偶极子天线或其他宽带微波馈源，部分反射覆层是双面印刷周期性谐振单元的介质基板，其特征是部分反射覆层由下表面周期性谐振单元，中间的介质层和上表面周期性谐振单元组成，上下表面周期性谐振单元均为金属板上开槽的结构形式。支撑柱由四个尼龙柱组成。本发明具有三频工作，平坦高增益且低剖面等优点。
The invention provides a low-profile three-frequency flat high-gain resonant cavity antenna, which includes a broadband feed, a partially reflective coating, a fully reflective metal plate and a support column; the broadband feed is a Vivaldi antenna or a dipole antenna or other broadband microwave feeds. Source, the partially reflective coating is a dielectric substrate with periodic resonance units printed on both sides. It is characterized by that the partially reflective coating is composed of a lower surface periodic resonance unit, an intermediate dielectric layer and an upper surface periodic resonance unit. The upper and lower surfaces have periodic resonance units. The resonant units are all in the form of slots on the metal plate. The support column consists of four nylon columns. The invention has the advantages of three-frequency operation, flat high gain and low profile.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明属于通信技术领域，涉及一种三频谐振腔天线。具体是指实现三频的平坦高增益性能，高度比常规的三频法布里珀罗谐振腔要低，结构紧凑。The invention belongs to the field of communication technology and relates to a three-frequency resonant cavity antenna. Specifically, it refers to the realization of flat high-gain performance at three frequencies, which is lower in height than the conventional three-frequency Fabry-Perot resonant cavity and has a compact structure.
背景技术Background technique
随着无线通信技术的发展，对天线的性能要求越来越高，不仅要求天线具有低剖面、高增益等要求，还要求天线结构尽可能简单紧凑，使其能够远距离通信。而法布里-珀罗谐振腔天线的高定向特性，尤其是其不需要复杂馈电网络的特点，使其有着广泛的应用。该谐振腔天线一般由两块平板反射面和微波馈源构成，其中一块平板反射面多是全反射金属反射面，而另一块为部分反射面，允许少量电磁波透射通过，微波馈源一般为偶极子、微带天线及波导等天线，当馈源辐射出的电磁波在两块反射面间多次反射且每次透射的电磁波同相时，此时该谐振腔天线会在天线口面法向形成同相叠加，大大提高了天线的增益。With the development of wireless communication technology, the performance requirements for antennas are getting higher and higher. Not only are the antennas required to have low profile and high gain, but the antenna structure is also required to be as simple and compact as possible so that it can communicate over long distances. The highly directional characteristics of Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antennas, especially the fact that they do not require complex feed networks, make them widely used. The resonant cavity antenna is generally composed of two flat reflective surfaces and a microwave feed. One of the flat reflective surfaces is mostly a fully reflective metal reflective surface, while the other is a partial reflective surface that allows a small amount of electromagnetic waves to transmit through. The microwave feed is generally even. For antennas such as poles, microstrip antennas and waveguides, when the electromagnetic waves radiated by the feed are reflected multiple times between the two reflecting surfaces and the electromagnetic waves transmitted each time are in phase, the resonant cavity antenna will be formed in the normal direction of the antenna mouth surface. In-phase superposition greatly improves the gain of the antenna.
为了满足无线通信技术的新要求，需要该谐振腔天线在高增益的基础上进一步实现多频化。目前，只有双频高增益法布里-珀罗谐振腔天线，且采用的是多层介质基板或多层频率选择表面来实现，结构复杂且天线剖面较高，这使得法布里-珀罗谐振腔天线在快速发展的多通道的微波通信领域应用有很大限制。In order to meet the new requirements of wireless communication technology, the resonant cavity antenna needs to further achieve multi-frequency on the basis of high gain. At present, there are only dual-frequency high-gain Fabry-Perot resonant cavity antennas, and they are implemented using multi-layer dielectric substrates or multi-layer frequency selective surfaces. The structure is complex and the antenna profile is high, which makes the Fabry-Perot The application of resonant cavity antennas in the rapidly developing multi-channel microwave communication field has great limitations.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明所要解决的技术问题是：提供了一种低剖面、三频工作、高定向辐射且三频点增益提升幅度一致的谐振腔天线。该谐振腔天线成本低廉，不需要复杂的馈电网络。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a resonant cavity antenna with low profile, three-frequency operation, high directional radiation and consistent gain improvement amplitude at three frequency points. The resonant cavity antenna is low in cost and does not require a complex feed network.
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明采用的技术方案为：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:
一种低剖面三频平坦高增益谐振腔天线，包括宽带馈源、全反射金属板、部分反射覆层及支撑柱；所述宽带馈源沉于所述全反射金属板下方，其四周及底端采用金属板封闭，顶端开放且与所述全反射金属板共面；所述部分反射覆层位于全反射金属板上方，由介质基板和印刷于其上表面的周期性谐振单元一和印刷于其下表面的周期性谐振单元二组成，所述周期性谐振单元一与周期性谐振单元二表面电流在不同频率呈现共模谐振或差模谐振；所述支撑柱用于支撑和连接所述介质基板和全反射金属板，所述全反射金属板与部分反射覆层之间的空间构成谐振腔。A low-profile three-band flat high-gain resonant cavity antenna, including a broadband feed, a total reflection metal plate, a partially reflective coating and a support column; the broadband feed is sunk below the total reflection metal plate, and its surroundings and bottom The end is closed with a metal plate, and the top is open and coplanar with the total reflection metal plate; the partial reflection coating is located above the total reflection metal plate and consists of a dielectric substrate and a periodic resonance unit printed on its upper surface. The lower surface is composed of two periodic resonance units. The surface currents of the periodic resonance unit one and the periodic resonance unit two exhibit common mode resonance or differential mode resonance at different frequencies; the support column is used to support and connect the medium. The base plate and the total reflection metal plate, the space between the total reflection metal plate and the partially reflective coating constitutes a resonant cavity.
在一个实施例中，所述宽带馈源为Vivaldi天线或偶极子天线或其它宽带微波馈源。In one embodiment, the broadband feed is a Vivaldi antenna or a dipole antenna or other broadband microwave feed.
在一个实施例中，宽带馈源辐射口面位于全反射金属板平面上，宽带馈源置于一个四周及底端采用金属板封闭的腔体内，采用金属屏蔽的方式使其能量全部通过顶端开放口面进入谐振腔。In one embodiment, the radiation port surface of the broadband feed is located on the plane of the total reflection metal plate, and the broadband feed is placed in a cavity that is closed with metal plates on all sides and at the bottom. Metal shielding is used to allow all the energy to pass through the top open The oral surface enters the resonant cavity.
在一个实施例中，所述周期性谐振单元一和周期性谐振单元二均为金属板上开槽的结构形式。In one embodiment, the periodic resonance unit one and the periodic resonance unit two are both in the form of slots on a metal plate.
在一个实施例中，所述周期性谐振单元一和周期性谐振单元二为线形细槽结构的金属箔，周期性谐振单元一的金属箔之间完全接触，沿x轴和y轴等间距排布，周期性谐振单元二的金属箔之间完全接触，沿x轴和y轴等间距排布，各金属箔形状大小相同。In one embodiment, the periodic resonance unit one and the periodic resonance unit two are metal foils with a linear fine groove structure. The metal foils of the periodic resonance unit one are in complete contact with each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis and the y-axis. The metal foils of the periodic resonance unit 2 are in complete contact with each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis and y-axis. The shapes and sizes of each metal foil are the same.
在一个实施例中，所述周期性谐振单元一的金属箔与周期性谐振单元二的金属箔一一投影对应。In one embodiment, the metal foil of the periodic resonance unit one and the metal foil of the periodic resonance unit two correspond to each other in a one-to-one projection.
在一个实施例中，所述线形细槽结构为“H”型结构或“回”型结构。In one embodiment, the linear fine groove structure is an "H"-shaped structure or a "return"-shaped structure.
在一个实施例中，所述介质基板的相对介电常数介于2-6之间，介质基板大小与全反射金属板形状大小相同。In one embodiment, the relative dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate is between 2 and 6, and the size of the dielectric substrate is the same as the total reflection metal plate.
在一个实施例中，所述支撑柱由四个分别位于全反射金属板四个角的尼龙柱组成，每个尼龙柱的上端与介质基板连接，每个尼龙柱的下端与全反射金属板连接。In one embodiment, the support columns are composed of four nylon columns located at four corners of the total reflection metal plate. The upper end of each nylon column is connected to the dielectric substrate, and the lower end of each nylon column is connected to the total reflection metal plate. .
本发明与现有技术相比具有如下优点：Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1，本发明是由单层介质基板及其承载的两层频率选择表面和全反射金属板构成的谐振腔，其中，两层频率选择表面分别为周期性谐振单元一和周期性谐振单元二，相比于以往的多层结构而言，结构简单紧凑，剖面低，仅需半波长即可实现三频工作。1. The present invention is a resonant cavity composed of a single-layer dielectric substrate and two layers of frequency selective surfaces and a total reflection metal plate carried by it. The two layers of frequency selective surfaces are periodic resonance unit one and periodic resonance unit two, respectively. Compared with previous multi-layer structures, the structure is simple and compact, with a low profile and only requires half a wavelength to achieve three-band operation.
2，由于本发明中使用的周期性谐振单元由周期性谐振单元一和周期性谐振单元二构成，两单元表面电流在不同频率呈现共模谐振或差模谐振，具有多频谐振的特性，因此当作为部分反射覆层的基本结构时，部分反射覆层能够在多个频点的反射相位和腔体内的传播路径形成整数个2π，实现天线法向的同相叠加，实现三频高增益特性。2. Since the periodic resonance unit used in the present invention is composed of periodic resonance unit one and periodic resonance unit two, the surface currents of the two units exhibit common mode resonance or differential mode resonance at different frequencies, and have multi-frequency resonance characteristics. Therefore, When used as the basic structure of a partially reflective coating, the partially reflective coating can form an integer 2π in the reflection phase at multiple frequency points and the propagation path in the cavity, achieving in-phase superposition of the antenna normal direction and achieving three-frequency high-gain characteristics.
3由于本发明中使用的部分反射覆层谐的反射系数幅度和相位随周期性单元尺寸变化规律较明显，可调性较高，可以灵活控制三个工作频点的反射系数幅度和相位，可以使得该覆层对于增益的提升在三个频点处保持一致，可以实现天线在不同频点获得相同的增益提升。3. Since the harmonic reflection coefficient amplitude and phase of the partially reflective coating used in the present invention change obviously with the size of the periodic unit, the adjustability is high, and the reflection coefficient amplitude and phase of the three working frequency points can be flexibly controlled. The gain improvement of the coating is consistent at three frequency points, and the antenna can achieve the same gain improvement at different frequency points.
附图说明Description of drawings
下面结合附图详述本发明的具体结构及电性能:The specific structure and electrical properties of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
图1为本发明的部分反射覆层的镜像模型的立体图。Figure 1 is a perspective view of a mirror model of a partially reflective coating of the present invention.
图2为本发明的整体结构示意图。Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.
图3为本发明的整体结构示意图(部分为剖视图)。Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention (partly a cross-sectional view).
图4为本发明对部分反射覆层及其镜像结构反射系数特性的仿真实验结果图。Figure 4 is a diagram showing the simulation experiment results of the present invention on the reflection coefficient characteristics of the partially reflective coating and its mirror structure.
图5为本发明的馈源端口电压驻波比的仿真实验结果图。Figure 5 is a diagram showing simulation experiment results of the feed port voltage standing wave ratio of the present invention.
图6为本发明天线及馈源法向的增益频谱图。Figure 6 is a gain spectrum diagram in the normal direction of the antenna and feed source of the present invention.
图7为本发明三频谐振腔天线在7.7GHz的辐射方向图。Figure 7 is the radiation pattern of the three-frequency resonant cavity antenna of the present invention at 7.7GHz.
图8为本发明三频谐振腔天线在9.5GHz的辐射方向图。Figure 8 is the radiation pattern of the three-frequency resonant cavity antenna of the present invention at 9.5GHz.
图9为本发明三频谐振腔天线在11GHz的辐射方向图。Figure 9 is the radiation pattern of the three-frequency resonant cavity antenna of the present invention at 11 GHz.
其中，1-宽带馈源，2-全反射金属板，3-部分反射覆层，31-周期性谐振单元一，32-介质基板，33-周期性谐振单元二，4-支撑柱。Among them, 1-broadband feed, 2-total reflection metal plate, 3-partial reflection coating, 31-periodic resonance unit one, 32-dielectric substrate, 33-periodic resonance unit two, 4-support column.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
本发明具体实施方式如下所述。Specific embodiments of the present invention are as follows.
本发明为一种低剖面三频平坦高增益谐振腔天线，参照图1至图3，其主要包括宽带馈源1、全反射金属板2、部分反射覆层3及支撑柱4；其中宽带馈源1沉于所述全反射金属板2下方，其四周及底端采用金属板封闭，顶端开放且与所述全反射金属板2共面。示例地，宽带馈源1可以为Vivaldi天线或偶极子天线或其他宽带微波馈源。部分反射覆层3是双面印刷周期性谐振单元的介质基板，由介质基板32和印刷于其上表面的周期性谐振单元一31和印刷于其下表面的周期性谐振单元二33组成，周期性谐振单元一31的金属箔与周期性谐振单元二32表面电流在不同频率呈现共模谐振或差模谐振。示例地，二者均为金属板上开槽的结构形式，印刷于介质基板32上，部分反射覆层3整体位于全反射金属板2上方，二者之间为空气层；支撑柱4支撑并连接介质基板32和全反射金属板2，全反射金属板2与部分反射覆层3之间的空间构成谐振腔。示例地，支撑柱4由四个尼龙柱组成，四个尼龙柱分别位于全反射金属板2四个角，每个尼龙柱的上端与介质基板32连接，每个尼龙柱的下端与全反射金属板2连接。The invention is a low-profile three-band flat high-gain resonant cavity antenna. Referring to Figures 1 to 3, it mainly includes a broadband feed 1, a fully reflective metal plate 2, a partially reflective coating 3 and a support column 4; The source 1 is sunk below the total reflection metal plate 2 , its surroundings and bottom end are closed by metal plates, and its top end is open and coplanar with the total reflection metal plate 2 . By way of example, the broadband feed 1 may be a Vivaldi antenna or a dipole antenna or other broadband microwave feed. The partially reflective coating 3 is a dielectric substrate with periodic resonance units printed on both sides, and is composed of a dielectric substrate 32, a periodic resonance unit 31 printed on its upper surface, and a periodic resonance unit 2 33 printed on its lower surface. The surface currents of the metal foil of the periodic resonance unit one 31 and the periodic resonance unit two 32 exhibit common mode resonance or differential mode resonance at different frequencies. For example, both are in the form of grooves on metal plates and are printed on the dielectric substrate 32. The partially reflective coating 3 is located entirely above the fully reflective metal plate 2, with an air layer between them; the support pillar 4 supports and The dielectric substrate 32 and the total reflection metal plate 2 are connected, and the space between the total reflection metal plate 2 and the partially reflective coating 3 forms a resonant cavity. For example, the support column 4 is composed of four nylon columns. The four nylon columns are respectively located at the four corners of the total reflection metal plate 2. The upper end of each nylon column is connected to the dielectric substrate 32, and the lower end of each nylon column is connected to the total reflection metal plate 2. Board 2 is connected.
本发明中，宽带馈源1采取了沉于全反射金属板下方的形式，其辐射口面位于全反射金属板2平面上，宽带馈源1置于一个四周及底端采用金属板封闭的腔体内，采用金属屏蔽的方式使其能量全部通过顶端开放口面进入谐振腔。In the present invention, the broadband feed source 1 takes the form of sinking below the total reflection metal plate, and its radiation mouth surface is located on the plane of the total reflection metal plate 2. The broadband feed source 1 is placed in a cavity closed by metal plates on all sides and at the bottom. In the body, metal shielding is used to allow all the energy to enter the resonant cavity through the top open surface.
介质基板32位于全反射金属板2上方，相对介电常数介于2-6之间，介质基板32大小与全反射金属板2大小相同。The dielectric substrate 32 is located above the total reflection metal plate 2 and has a relative dielectric constant between 2 and 6. The size of the dielectric substrate 32 is the same as the total reflection metal plate 2 .
周期性谐振单元一31和周期性谐振单元二33的结构尺寸完全一致，沿x轴和y轴等间距排布。示例地，在本发明中，周期性谐振单元一31和周期性谐振单元二33为线形细槽结构的金属箔，其线形细槽结构可以是“H”型结构、“回”型结构或其他线形细槽结构，每个金属箔上刻蚀有一个线形细槽结构。金属箔可采用矩形，周期性谐振单元一31的金属箔之间完全接触并沿x轴和y轴等间距排布，完全接触即意味着相邻金属箔的边沿之间完全连接。同样地，周期性谐振单元二33的金属箔之间完全接触并沿x轴和y轴等间距排布。容易理解，在本发明中，所有的金属箔形状大小最好相同。并且，周期性谐振单元一31的金属箔与周期性谐振单元二33的金属箔一一投影对应。The structural dimensions of the periodic resonance unit one 31 and the periodic resonance unit two 33 are exactly the same and are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis and the y-axis. For example, in the present invention, the periodic resonance unit 31 and the periodic resonance unit 2 33 are metal foils with a linear fine groove structure, and the linear fine groove structure can be an "H"-shaped structure, a "return"-shaped structure or other Linear fine groove structure, each metal foil is etched with a linear fine groove structure. The metal foils can be rectangular. The metal foils of the periodic resonance unit 31 are in complete contact with each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis and y-axis. Full contact means that the edges of adjacent metal foils are completely connected. Similarly, the metal foils of the periodic resonance unit 2 33 are in complete contact with each other and are arranged at equal intervals along the x-axis and the y-axis. It is easy to understand that in the present invention, all metal foils are preferably of the same shape and size. Moreover, the metal foil of the periodic resonance unit 31 and the metal foil of the periodic resonance unit 2 33 correspond to each other one by one.
本发明的工作原理如下：The working principle of the present invention is as follows:
首先，部分反射覆层提高天线增益的原理。以一维介质平板结构的部分反射覆层为例，当介质平板厚度是馈源工作频率的四分之一介质波长时，此时该部分反射覆层对于该馈源发射的电磁波具有最强的反射幅度，此时部分反射覆层和全反射金属板形成了一个谐振腔，馈源的能量在腔内多次反射，每次反射仅透射一小部分，最终透射波布满整个部分反射覆层，当各透射波间的相差满足同相条件(1)时，此时天线的方向性会大大提高，该部分反射覆层起到了能量汇聚的作用。First, the principle of partially reflective coating improving antenna gain. Taking the partially reflective coating of a one-dimensional dielectric flat plate structure as an example, when the thickness of the dielectric flat plate is a quarter of the dielectric wavelength of the feed source's operating frequency, the partially reflective coating has the strongest effect on the electromagnetic waves emitted by the feed source. Reflection amplitude. At this time, the partial reflection coating and the total reflection metal plate form a resonant cavity. The energy of the feed source is reflected multiple times in the cavity. Each reflection only transmits a small part. Finally, the transmitted wave fills the entire partial reflection coating. , when the phase difference between the transmitted waves satisfies the in-phase condition (1), the directivity of the antenna will be greatly improved at this time, and this part of the reflective coating plays the role of energy concentration.
其次，部分反射覆层同时改善天线多个工作频点增益的原理。要使部分反射覆层能够同时改善天线多个工作频段的增益，须使部分反射覆层的反射系数相位曲线能够与(2)形成多个交点，如图5，形成多个偶模传输通带，这样才能使得多个透射波在法向是同相叠加，起到汇聚能量的作用。当对部分反射覆层进行调整时，可使其在所需的工作频点获得相同的反射幅度，使得天线能够在工作频点获得相同的增益提升。Secondly, the principle of partially reflective coating improves the gain of multiple operating frequency points of the antenna at the same time. In order for the partially reflective coating to improve the gain of multiple operating frequency bands of the antenna at the same time, the reflection coefficient phase curve of the partially reflective coating must be able to form multiple intersections with (2), as shown in Figure 5, forming multiple even-mode transmission passbands. , in this way, multiple transmitted waves can be superimposed in phase in the normal direction, thus concentrating energy. When the partial reflective coating is adjusted, it can obtain the same reflection amplitude at the required operating frequency point, so that the antenna can obtain the same gain improvement at the operating frequency point.
由此可见，本发明可在三个频点工作，即实现了所述“三频”；又由于现有多频谐振腔天线通过多层部分反射覆层结构实现，而本发明通过一层部分反射覆层即可实现，因此，相对于现有其他的多频谐振腔天线，本发明实现了“低剖面”。而通过使部分反射覆层的反射系数幅度近似一致，可使得天线三个频点的增益接近，由此即可实现“平坦高增益”。It can be seen that the present invention can work at three frequency points, that is, the "three frequencies" are realized; and because the existing multi-frequency resonant cavity antenna is realized through a multi-layer partially reflective coating structure, the present invention is realized through a layer of partial reflective coatings. This can be achieved with a reflective coating. Therefore, compared with other existing multi-frequency resonant cavity antennas, the present invention achieves a "low profile". By making the reflection coefficient amplitudes of the partial reflective coatings approximately the same, the gains of the three frequency points of the antenna can be made close, thereby achieving "flat high gain".
下面结合仿真实验对本发明的效果作进一步的描述：The effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with simulation experiments:
1.仿真条件：1. Simulation conditions:
本发明中的介质基板32的介电常数为2.2，厚度为1.5mm，口径尺寸为100mm，距离全反射金属板2的高度为16.2mm。介质基板32的上下表面周期性谐振单元尺寸为9mm，数量为11×11(去除四角4个)，上下表面周期性谐振单元结构及尺寸均一致。宽带馈源1为宽带Vivaldi天线，其四周用金属腔屏蔽，上端与全反射金属板2共面。全反射金属板2与部分反射覆层3通过支撑柱4连接，支撑柱4长度略大于部分反射覆层3距全反射金属板2的高度。The dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 32 in the present invention is 2.2, the thickness is 1.5mm, the aperture size is 100mm, and the height from the total reflection metal plate 2 is 16.2mm. The size of the periodic resonance units on the upper and lower surfaces of the dielectric substrate 32 is 9 mm, and the number is 11×11 (excluding 4 at the four corners). The structure and size of the periodic resonance units on the upper and lower surfaces are the same. The broadband feed 1 is a broadband Vivaldi antenna, which is shielded by a metal cavity around it, and the upper end is coplanar with the total reflection metal plate 2. The total reflection metal plate 2 and the partial reflection coating 3 are connected through the support column 4. The length of the support column 4 is slightly larger than the height of the partial reflection coating 3 from the total reflection metal plate 2.
2.仿真结果分析：2. Analysis of simulation results:
请参考图4至图9，利用仿真软件对上述实验例部分反射覆层的反射系数、天线端口电压驻波比、增益频谱图及增益方向图进行了仿真计算，仿真结果如下：Please refer to Figures 4 to 9, and use simulation software to simulate and calculate the reflection coefficient, antenna port voltage standing wave ratio, gain spectrum diagram and gain pattern of the partial reflective coating of the above experimental example. The simulation results are as follows:
图4是对实验例部分反射覆层及其镜像模型仿真得到的S参数随工作频率变化的特性，从图4可以看出，该结构能够产生三个偶模传输通带，同时，三频点对应的部分反射覆层的反射系数幅度一致，能够使得天线在三个频点的增益提升相同。Figure 4 shows the characteristics of S parameters changing with the operating frequency obtained from the simulation of the partially reflective coating and its mirror model of the experimental example. It can be seen from Figure 4 that this structure can produce three even-mode transmission passbands. At the same time, the three frequency points The reflection coefficient amplitudes of the corresponding partial reflective coatings are consistent, which can increase the gain of the antenna at the three frequency points to the same extent.
图5是实验例天线的端口电压驻波比，天线在加载部分反射覆层后仍能实现阻抗匹配。Figure 5 shows the port voltage standing wave ratio of the experimental antenna. The antenna can still achieve impedance matching after loading a partial reflective coating.
图6是实验例天线的增益频谱图，从图中可以看出该天线的增益在三个偶模传输通带处都得到了增强，增益提高了7～8dB，三个频点增益提升平坦。Figure 6 is the gain spectrum diagram of the experimental antenna. It can be seen from the figure that the gain of the antenna has been enhanced in the three even-mode transmission passbands. The gain has increased by 7 to 8dB, and the gain of the three frequency points has been flat.
图7、图8和图9是为实验例天线在7.7GHz、9.5GHz及11GHz的辐射方向图。Figures 7, 8 and 9 are the radiation patterns of the experimental antenna at 7.7GHz, 9.5GHz and 11GHz.
仿真结果表明，该部分反射覆层能够在天线的三个工作频段处大大提高天线的法向增益且提升程度保持一致。The simulation results show that this part of the reflective coating can greatly improve the normal gain of the antenna at the three operating frequency bands of the antenna and the degree of improvement remains consistent.
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