CN115326648A - Device and method for simulating rock and soil particle migration rule - Google Patents
Device and method for simulating rock and soil particle migration rule Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for simulating a migration rule of rock and soil particles, belonging to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, wherein the device comprises a lofting device which is arranged in an inverted frustum shape, a conical release controller which is driven by an electric telescopic rod to lift is arranged at an opening at the lower end of the lofting device, a guide cylinder is communicated at the lower end of the lofting device in a surrounding manner, and a screen is arranged at the opening at the lower end of the guide cylinder; the lower end of the guide cylinder is communicated with a transparent migration test box, one side of the migration test box is respectively provided with a laser light source and a high-speed camera, the high-speed camera is electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument, and a camera shooting area is formed in a cross area of the irradiation direction of the laser light source and the camera shooting direction of the high-speed camera in the migration test box; the inside of migration proof box is equipped with wind-force and takes place the subassembly and the subassembly takes place for humidity. The invention can not only accurately control the release of the rock and soil particles according to different rates, but also simulate the migration process of the rock and soil particles in different humidity and wind power environments.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering, in particular to a device and a method for simulating a migration rule of geotechnical particles.
Background
The sand storm is that the sand storm is carried by huge wind power to roll up the sand, and sand particles with different particle sizes are deposited at different carrying distances along with the wind; in haze weather, a lot of fine dust particles wrapped by water vapor are condensed in the air and drift in the air; volcanic eruptions carrying a large amount of volcanic ash particles, gas, water vapor and the like, the erupted particles having different sizes, a large amount of volcanic ash moves along with the atmosphere, the movement is influenced by the atmospheric environment, such as wind speed, atmospheric turbulence, temperature, humidity and the like, and the sedimentation rate of rock and soil particles is also influenced by the factors. Volcanic ash erupted from volcanoes has great harm to airplane routes, such as the eruption of volcanoes in 2010, which causes that most of flights in Europe are cancelled for more than one week, thus causing serious economic loss. In order to better study the migration rate of the rock and soil particles under various weathers, a simulation device needs to be used for simulating the migration rule of the rock and soil particles under the influence of different atmospheric environments, but most of the existing devices can only measure the migration rule of the same rock and soil particles under the same release rate and cannot simulate the migration process of the rock and soil particles in different environments, so that the real migration rule of the rock and soil particles cannot be reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to a certain extent, and therefore, the invention provides a device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles, which not only can accurately control the release of the rock and soil particles at different rates, but also can simulate the migration process of the rock and soil particles in different environments (such as humidity and wind power), and can truly reflect the migration rule of the rock and soil particles.
The invention also provides a method for simulating the rock and soil particle migration rule by using the device.
The device for simulating the migration rule of the rock-soil particles comprises a lofting device arranged in an inverted frustum shape, wherein a conical release controller is arranged at the lower end opening of the lofting device in a lifting manner, the release controller is driven by an electric telescopic rod to lift to open or close the lower end opening of the lofting device, the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected with a current actuator, the lower end of the lofting device is communicated with a guide cylinder in a surrounding manner, a screen is arranged at the lower end opening of the guide cylinder, and a vibration assembly is arranged on the screen; the lower end of the guide cylinder is communicated with a transparent migration test box, one side of the migration test box is respectively provided with a laser light source and a high-speed camera, the high-speed camera is electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument, and a camera shooting area is formed in a cross area of the irradiation direction of the laser light source and the camera shooting direction of the high-speed camera in the migration test box; a wind power generation assembly and a humidity generation assembly are arranged inside the migration test box, the wind power generation assembly is provided with a variable frequency fan, and the variable frequency fan is electrically connected with a fan frequency converter; the humidity generation assembly is provided with a variable-frequency air humidifier, and the air humidifier is electrically connected with a second frequency converter; the lower end of the migration test box is provided with a weighing balance, the lower end of the weighing balance is provided with a weight sensor, and the weight sensor is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument.
The device and the method for simulating the rock and soil particle migration rule provided by the embodiment of the invention at least have the following technical effects: 1. the release controller driven by the electric telescopic rod to lift is arranged at the opening of the lower end of the lofting device, the process of the simulation test is carried out, the release controller is controlled to fall to different height positions through the electric telescopic rod, the gap size between the release controller and the opening of the lower end of the lofting device is adjusted to different sizes, the rock and soil particles used for releasing different particle sizes can be met, the migration rule of different rock and soil particles under the same release rate is measured, the release of the same rock and soil particles according to different rates can be adjusted, the migration rule of the same rock and soil particles under different release rates is measured, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be more truly obtained. Meanwhile, the release controller is arranged to be conical, so that rock and soil particles can smoothly roll down to the guide cylinder along the inclined edge of the release controller, and the rock and soil particles can be prevented from accumulating on the upper end face of the release controller, so that the settlement condition of the rock and soil particles under different weathers can be simulated more truly. 2. The wind power generation assembly and the humidity generation assembly are arranged in the migration test box, so that the variable frequency fan can be controlled to rotate at different rotating speeds through the fan frequency converter in the test process, and wind power with different sizes is generated; the second frequency converter can control the air humidifier to humidify the inside of the migration test box according to different powers, so that the inside of the migration test box can reach different humidity environments, the migration process of rock and soil particles in different environments (such as different humidity and different wind power) can be simulated more truly, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be obtained more truly. 3. The high-speed camera is used for shooting and transmitting rock and soil particles passing through the shooting area at different time to the data acquisition instrument, the size, shape, distribution characteristics, particle size perimeter area and the like of the particle size of the rock and soil particles at different moments are analyzed through professional image software in the data acquisition instrument, and the data obtained by shooting are comprehensively analyzed, so that the migration rule of the rock and soil particles is obtained. 4. The lower extreme through weighing balance is equipped with the weight sensor who connects the data acquisition appearance electrically, and weight sensor can real-time weight value on the detection weighing balance and transmit for the data acquisition appearance and handle to can obtain from the mass variation curve of the process that release ground granule falls into on the weighing balance to experimental end in-process ground granule, thereby measure the mass variation of different time accumulations, and then more real migration law that obtains ground granule. 5. In the process of carrying out the analogue test, start vibration subassembly vibration screen cloth, can prevent that the ground granule that falls on the screen cloth from gathering together, make its evenly distributed on the screen cloth, then fall through the sieve mesh of screen cloth, the settlement condition of the real reappearance ground granule more.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a humidity sensor is arranged in the migration test box and electrically connected with the second frequency converter.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the humidity generating assembly is provided in plurality, a plurality of the humidity generating assemblies being arranged circumferentially within the transport test chamber.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the vibratory assembly comprises a plurality of horizontal vibrators and a plurality of vertical vibrators, the horizontal vibrators and the vertical vibrators being alternately arranged circumferentially on the screen.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the electric telescopic rods are arranged in plurality, the plurality of electric telescopic rods are arranged at intervals outside the lofting device, a mounting plate is connected between the telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods, and the release controller is connected to the mounting plate.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the screen is detachably connected to the lower end opening of the guide shell.
According to some embodiments of the invention, a large-diameter hole is formed at the lower opening of the guide cylinder, an internal thread is formed in the large-diameter hole, and an external thread matched with the internal thread is formed at the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the screen.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the lower end surface of the guide shell is circumferentially provided with a plurality of threaded holes, and countersunk holes for the locking screws to pass through are formed in the positions, corresponding to the threaded holes, of the screen mesh.
According to some embodiments of the invention, the guide shell is made of a transparent material which is transparent to light.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for simulating a rock-soil particle migration law by using the apparatus according to any one of the above embodiments, including the following steps: step A: preparing before testing, controlling the electric telescopic rod to be electrified through the current actuator to drive the release controller to ascend until the opening at the lower end of the lofting device is completely blocked;
and B: starting the fan frequency converter to control the variable frequency fan to rotate according to a set rotating speed to simulate a required wind power environment, and starting the second frequency converter to control the air humidifier to humidify according to a set humidity to simulate a required humidity environment;
and C: selecting rock-soil particles with a certain particle grading, putting the rock-soil particles into the lofting device, controlling the electric telescopic rod to be electrified through the current actuator to drive the release controller to descend to a set position, enabling the rock-soil particles to obliquely and downwards move to the screen mesh in the guide cylinder through the surface of the release controller along the gap between the lofting device and the release controller, and starting the vibration assembly to vibrate the screen mesh so that the rock-soil particles are uniformly distributed on the screen mesh and pass through the screen mesh to fall into a migration test box;
step D: acquiring migration data, namely setting acquisition frequency of the high-speed camera, turning on the laser light source to illuminate the shooting area, starting the high-speed camera to shoot rock-soil particles passing through the shooting area in different time periods and transmitting the shot rock-soil particles to the data acquisition instrument, and analyzing the shot rock-soil particles by the data acquisition instrument through professional image software to obtain a migration rule of the rock-soil particles;
step E: and acquiring mass data, wherein the weight data of the rock and soil particles falling onto the weighing balance are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through the weight sensor, and the data acquisition instrument acquires a mass change curve in the process from releasing the rock and soil particles to finishing the test when the rock and soil particles fall into the weighing balance through related data processing.
The method for simulating the rock and soil particle migration rule provided by the embodiment of the invention at least has the following technical effects: 1. before the simulation test, the frequency conversion fan can be controlled by the fan frequency converter to rotate according to different rotating speeds, so that wind power with different sizes is generated; the second frequency converter can control the air humidifier to humidify the inside of the migration test box according to different powers, so that the inside of the migration test box can reach different humidity environments, the migration process of rock and soil particles in different environments (such as different humidity and different wind power) can be simulated more truly in the test process, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be obtained more truly. 2. In the process of testing, the release controller can be controlled to descend to different height positions through the electric telescopic rod, and the gap size between the release controller and the opening at the lower end of the lofting device is adjusted to different sizes, so that the migration rule of different rock-soil particles at the same release rate can be measured, or the migration rule of the same rock-soil particle at different release rates can be measured, and the migration rule of the rock-soil particles can be obtained more truly. 3. In the test process, the laser light source is used for lighting and supplementing light to the shooting area, so that the high-speed camera can shoot rock and soil particles passing through the shooting area at different time and transmit the shot rock and soil particles to the data acquisition instrument, professional image software in the data acquisition instrument is used for analyzing the size, the shape, the distribution characteristics, the perimeter area of the particle size and the like of the rock and soil particles at different moments, and the data obtained by shooting are comprehensively analyzed, so that the migration rule of the rock and soil particles is obtained. 4. In the process of carrying out the experiment, weight sensor can real-time detection weigh the weight value on the balance and transmit for the data acquisition appearance and handle to can obtain from releasing the mass variation curve of the process that the ground granule fell into on the balance of weighing to experimental end, thereby measure out the mass change of different time ground granule accumulation, and then the migration law of more real ground granule that obtains.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a release controller plugging a lofting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the release controller of FIG. 2 lowered a short distance;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the release controller of FIG. 2 shown in a lowered position;
fig. 5 is a connection block diagram of the high-speed camera, the weight sensor and the data acquisition instrument in the embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals:
100, lofting;
200 release controllers, 210 electric telescopic rods, 220 current actuators and 230 mounting plates;
300 guide shell, 310 screen mesh and 320 vibrating component;
400 transport test box, 410 laser light source, 420 high speed camera, 430 camera area, 440 wind power generation assembly, 450 humidity generation assembly, 460 weighing balance, 470 weight sensor, 480 data acquisition instrument.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to the present embodiments of the present invention, preferred embodiments of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the drawings are provided for the purpose of visually supplementing the description in the specification and so forth, and which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship referred to the orientation description, such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, if there is any description of "first", "second", etc. for the purpose of distinguishing technical features, it is not to be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the precedence of the indicated technical features.
In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly limited, terms such as arrangement, installation, connection and the like should be understood in a broad sense, and those skilled in the art can reasonably determine the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention in combination with the specific contents of the technical solutions.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, the device for simulating the migration law of rock and soil particles according to the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention includes a lofting device 100 arranged in an inverted circular truncated cone shape, a conical release controller 200 is arranged at a lower opening of the lofting device 100 in a liftable manner, the release controller 200 is driven by an electric telescopic rod 210 to lift and lower to open or close the lower opening of the lofting device 100, the electric telescopic rod 210 is electrically connected with a current actuator 220, the lower end of the lofting device 100 is connected with a guide cylinder 300 in a surrounding manner, a screen 310 is arranged at the lower opening of the guide cylinder 300, and a vibration assembly 320 is arranged on the screen 310; the lower end of the draft tube 300 is communicated with a transparent migration test box 400, one side of the migration test box 400 is respectively provided with a laser light source 410 and a high-speed camera 420, the high-speed camera 420 is electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument 480, and a camera shooting area 430 is formed in the migration test box 400 in a cross area between the irradiation direction of the laser light source 410 and the camera shooting direction of the high-speed camera 420; a wind power generation assembly 440 and a humidity generation assembly 450 are arranged inside the migration test box 400, the wind power generation assembly 440 is provided with a variable frequency fan, and the variable frequency fan is electrically connected with a fan frequency converter; the humidity generating assembly 450 is provided with a variable-frequency air humidifier, and the air humidifier is electrically connected with a second frequency converter; the lower end of the migration test box 400 is provided with a weighing balance 460, the lower end of the weighing balance 460 is provided with a weight sensor 470, and the weight sensor 470 is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 480.
Compared with the prior art, the release controller 200 driven to lift by the electric telescopic rod 210 is arranged at the lower opening of the lofting device 100, the release controller 200 is controlled to fall to different height positions by the electric telescopic rod 210 in the process of carrying out a simulation test, and the gap size between the release controller 200 and the lower opening of the lofting device 100 is adjusted to different sizes, so that rock and soil particles with different particle sizes can be released, the transport rule of different rock and soil particles at the same release rate can be measured, the same rock and soil particles can be released at different rates, the transport rule of the same rock and soil particles at different release rates can be measured, and the transport rule of the rock and soil particles can be more truly obtained. The electric telescopic rod 210 is electrically connected with the current actuator 220, the current actuator 220 provides a constant current or a current with a current value linearly increasing along with time to the electric telescopic rod 210, and the electric telescopic rod 210 is controlled to drive the release controller 200 to descend in a constant speed or variable speed mode, so that rock and soil particles can be accurately controlled to be released at different rates according to the requirements of different simulation tests; meanwhile, the release controller 200 is arranged to be conical, so that rock and soil particles can smoothly fall into the guide cylinder 300 along the inclined edge of the release controller 200, and the rock and soil particles can be prevented from accumulating on the upper end surface of the release controller 200, so that the settlement condition of the rock and soil particles in different weathers can be simulated more truly. Secondly, the wind power generation assembly 440 and the humidity generation assembly 450 are arranged in the transport test box 400, and in the test process, the variable frequency fan can be controlled to rotate at different rotating speeds through the fan frequency converter to generate wind power with different sizes; the air humidifier can be controlled by the second frequency converter to humidify the inside of the transport test box 400 according to different powers, so that the inside of the transport test box 400 can reach different humidity environments, the transport process of rock and soil particles in different environments (such as different humidity and different wind power) can be simulated more truly, and the transport rule of the rock and soil particles can be obtained more truly. The laser light source 410 and the high-speed camera 420 are respectively arranged on one side of the migration test box 400, in the process of testing, the laser light source 410 is used for illuminating and supplementing light to the shooting area 430, so that the high-speed camera 420 can shoot the rock and soil particles passing through the shooting area 430 at different time and transmit the shot and soil particles to the data acquisition instrument 480, the size, the shape, the distribution characteristics, the perimeter area of the particle size and the like of the rock and soil particles at different moments are analyzed through professional image software (such as geoPIV software) in the data acquisition instrument 480, and the data obtained through shooting are comprehensively analyzed, so that the migration rule of the rock and soil particles is obtained. Meanwhile, the weight sensor 470 electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument 480 is arranged at the lower end of the weighing balance 460, the weight sensor 470 can detect the weight value on the weighing balance 460 in real time and transmit the weight value to the data acquisition instrument 480 for processing, so that a mass change curve of the process of releasing rock and soil particles to the test finishing process, wherein the rock and soil particles fall onto the weighing balance 460, can be obtained, the mass change accumulated in different time can be measured, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be more truly obtained. In the process of carrying out the simulation test, can also start vibration subassembly 320 and make screen cloth 310 vibrate, the effective ground granule that prevents to fall on screen cloth 310 gathers together, makes it evenly distributed on screen cloth 310, then falls through the sieve mesh of screen cloth 310, the settlement condition of reappearing ground granule more truly. Meanwhile, the guide cylinder 300 is sleeved at the lower opening of the lofting device 100 in a surrounding manner, so that the guide cylinder 300 can ensure that rock and soil particles do not move out of the device in the process of obliquely downward movement of the surface of the release controller 200, and the deviation of the quantity and quality of the initial rock and soil particles is prevented.
Preferably, three groups of laser light sources 410 and a high-speed camera 420 can be arranged to sequentially form three camera areas 430 from top to bottom in the moving test box, so that three laser irradiation photographing is simultaneously performed on the three camera areas 430, and the moving rule of the whole rock and soil particles during landing is researched.
Preferably, a humidity sensor is arranged in the migration test box 400, and the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the second frequency converter. The humidity in the transfer test box 400 can be detected in real time through the humidity sensor, and the humidifying power of the air humidifier is controlled through the second frequency converter according to the detection result, so that the internal humidification of the transfer test box 400 can meet the test requirement.
Preferably, four humidity generating assemblies 450 are arranged, four humidity generating assemblies 450 are circumferentially arranged in the migration test box 400, and four directions in the migration test box 400 are humidified simultaneously by the four humidity generating assemblies 450, so that the humidity of each position in the migration test box 400 is substantially the same, and therefore, the rock and soil particle migration process in the environments with different humidity can be simulated more truly. It can be understood that the technical effect of providing four humidity generating assemblies 450 as a group and arranging a group of humidity generating assemblies 450 at the upper, middle and lower positions inside the migration test box 400 can be substantially the same for each position inside the migration test box 400.
Preferably, the wind power generation assemblies 440 are provided with three humidity generation assemblies 450, and the three humidity generation assemblies 450 are respectively arranged at upper, middle and lower positions inside the migration test box 400, so as to more truly simulate the migration process of the rock and soil particles in different wind power environments.
Preferably, the vibration assembly 320 includes three horizontal vibrators and three vertical vibrators, the horizontal vibrators and the vertical vibrators are alternately arranged on the screen 310 along the circumferential direction, and the horizontal vibrators and the vertical vibrators can drive the screen 310 to vibrate in two dimensions, so that the rock and soil particles falling on the screen 310 are effectively prevented from being gathered together and uniformly distributed on the screen 310, and then fall through the screen holes of the screen 310, and the settlement condition of the rock and soil particles is more truly reproduced.
Preferably, the number of the electric telescopic rods 210 is two, the two electric telescopic rods 210 are symmetrically arranged at the left and right sides of the lofting device 100, a mounting plate 230 is connected between the telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods 210, and the release controller 200 is connected to the mounting plate 230. The two electric telescopic rods 210 can drive the mounting plate 230 to stably lift and not easily generate offset, so that the release controller 200 is driven to keep vertical to lift, and the lower opening of the lofting device 100 is accurately plugged or opened.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the replacement of the screen 310 with different screen hole diameters according to the size of rock and soil particles used in the test, the screen 310 is detachably connected to the opening at the lower end of the guide shell 300, a large-diameter hole is formed at the opening at the lower end of the guide shell 300, an internal thread is arranged in the large-diameter hole, and an external thread matched with the internal thread is arranged at the upper end of the outer circumferential surface of the screen 310; the screen 310 can be detachably connected in a screwing mode through matching of internal threads and external threads, and when the screen 310 needs to be replaced, the screen 310 can be rotationally detached and a new screen 310 can be rotationally connected to the lower end opening of the guide shell 300. It can be understood that the above is only one detachable connection manner of the screen 310 and the lower end opening of the draft tube 300, according to actual needs, four threaded holes are circumferentially arranged on the lower end surface of the draft tube 300, and countersunk holes for the locking screws to pass through are arranged on the screen 310 corresponding to the threaded holes; during assembly, the four locking screws respectively penetrate through the counter bores and are screwed with the corresponding threaded holes, so that the screen 310 can be detachably connected to the opening at the lower end of the guide cylinder 300.
Preferably, in order to observe the process of rock and soil particles dropping down to the screen 310 along the gap between the release controller 200 and the opening at the lower end of the lofting device 100, the guide cylinder 300 is made of a transparent material that is easily transparent to light.
Referring to fig. 1 to 5, a method for simulating the migration law of rock and soil particles by using the device of the first aspect of the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention comprises the following steps: step A: preparing before the test, controlling the electric telescopic rod 210 to be electrified through the current actuator 220 to drive the release controller 200 to ascend until the lower end opening of the lofting device 100 is completely blocked;
and B: starting the fan frequency converter to control the variable frequency fan to rotate according to a set rotating speed to simulate a required wind power environment, and starting the second frequency converter to control the air humidifier to humidify according to a set humidity to simulate a required humidity environment;
and C: selecting rock-soil particles with a certain particle grading, putting the rock-soil particles into the lofting device 100, controlling the electric telescopic rod 210 to be electrified through the current actuator 220 to drive the release controller 200 to descend to a set position, enabling the rock-soil particles to obliquely and downwardly move to the screen 310 in the guide cylinder 300 through the surface of the release controller 200 along the gap between the lofting device 100 and the release controller 200, and starting the vibration assembly 320 to vibrate the screen 310 so that the rock-soil particles are uniformly distributed on the screen 310 and fall into the transport test box 400 through the screen holes;
step D: acquiring migration data, namely setting acquisition frequency of the high-speed camera 420, turning on the laser light source 410 to illuminate the camera area 430, starting the high-speed camera 420 to take pictures of rock and soil particles passing through the camera area 430 in different time periods and transmitting the pictures to the data acquisition instrument 480, and analyzing the pictures of the shot rock and soil particles by the data acquisition instrument 480 through geoPIV software to obtain a migration rule of the rock and soil particles;
step E: and acquiring mass data, wherein the weight data of the rock and soil particles falling on the weighing balance 460 are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument 480 through the weight sensor 470, and the data acquisition instrument 480 acquires a mass change curve from the process of releasing the rock and soil particles to the process of falling the rock and soil particles on the weighing balance 460 after the test through related data processing.
Compared with the prior art, before the simulation test, the embodiment of the invention can control the variable frequency fan to rotate according to different rotating speeds through the fan frequency converter to generate wind power with different sizes; the air humidifier can be controlled by the second frequency converter to humidify the inside of the migration test box 400 according to different powers, so that the inside of the migration test box 400 can reach different humidity environments, the migration process of rock and soil particles in different environments (such as different humidity and different wind power) can be simulated more truly in the test process, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be obtained more truly. In the process of testing, the release controller 200 can be controlled to descend to different height positions through the electric telescopic rod 210, and the gap size between the release controller 200 and the opening at the lower end of the lofting device 100 is adjusted to different sizes, so that the migration rule of different rock-soil particles at the same release rate is measured or the migration rule of the same rock-soil particles at different release rates is measured, and the migration rule of the rock-soil particles can be more truly obtained. In the test process, the laser light source 410 can be used for lighting and supplementing light to the shooting area 430, so that the high-speed camera 420 can shoot rock and soil particles passing through the shooting area 430 at different time and transmit the shot rock and soil particles to the data acquisition instrument 480, the size, the shape, the distribution characteristics, the perimeter area of the particle size and the like of the rock and soil particles at different moments are analyzed through the geoPIV software in the data acquisition instrument 480, and the shot data are comprehensively analyzed, so that the migration rule of the rock and soil particles is obtained. Meanwhile, in the process of testing, the weight sensor 470 can detect the weight value on the weighing balance 460 in real time and transmit the weight value to the data acquisition instrument 480 for processing, so that a mass change curve of the process from releasing rock and soil particles to finishing the test, wherein the rock and soil particles fall onto the weighing balance 460, can be obtained, the mass change of the rock and soil particles accumulated at different times can be measured, and the migration rule of the rock and soil particles can be more truly obtained.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device for simulating the rock-soil particle migration rule is characterized by comprising a lofting device which is arranged in an inverted frustum shape, wherein a conical release controller is arranged at the lower end opening of the lofting device in a lifting mode, the release controller is driven by an electric telescopic rod to lift and open or plug the lower end opening of the lofting device, the electric telescopic rod is electrically connected with a current actuator, the lower end of the lofting device is communicated with a guide cylinder in a surrounding mode, a screen is arranged at the lower end opening of the guide cylinder, and a vibration assembly is arranged on the screen; the lower end of the guide cylinder is communicated with a transparent migration test box, one side of the migration test box is respectively provided with a laser light source and a high-speed camera, the high-speed camera is electrically connected with a data acquisition instrument, and a camera shooting area is formed in a cross area of the irradiation direction of the laser light source and the camera shooting direction of the high-speed camera in the migration test box; a wind power generation assembly and a humidity generation assembly are arranged inside the migration test box, the wind power generation assembly is provided with a variable frequency fan, and the variable frequency fan is electrically connected with a fan frequency converter; the humidity generation assembly is provided with a variable-frequency air humidifier, and the air humidifier is electrically connected with a second frequency converter; the lower end of the migration test box is provided with a weighing balance, the lower end of the weighing balance is provided with a weight sensor, and the weight sensor is electrically connected with the data acquisition instrument.
2. The device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein a humidity sensor is arranged in the migration test box, and the humidity sensor is electrically connected with the second frequency converter.
3. The device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of humidity generating assemblies are arranged in the migration test box along the circumferential direction.
4. The device for simulating the migration law of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein the vibration assembly comprises a plurality of horizontal vibrators and a plurality of vertical vibrators, and the horizontal vibrators and the vertical vibrators are alternately arranged on the screen along the circumferential direction.
5. The device for simulating the migration law of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein the number of the electric telescopic rods is multiple, the plurality of electric telescopic rods are arranged outside the lofting device at intervals, a mounting plate is connected between the telescopic ends of the electric telescopic rods, and the release controller is connected to the mounting plate.
6. The device for simulating the migration law of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein the screen is detachably connected to the lower opening of the guide cylinder.
7. The device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles according to claim 6, wherein a large-diameter hole is formed at the opening at the lower end of the guide cylinder, an internal thread is arranged in the large-diameter hole, and an external thread matched with the internal thread is arranged at the upper end of the outer peripheral surface of the screen mesh.
8. The device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of threaded holes are circumferentially arranged on the lower end surface of the guide cylinder, and countersunk holes for the locking screws to pass through are formed in the positions, corresponding to the threaded holes, of the screen mesh.
9. The device for simulating the migration rule of rock and soil particles according to claim 1, wherein the guide cylinder is made of transparent material which is easy to transmit light.
10. A method for simulating the migration law of geotechnical particles by using the device as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising the following steps:
step A: preparing before testing, controlling the electric telescopic rod to be electrified through the current actuator to drive the release controller to ascend until the opening at the lower end of the lofting device is completely blocked;
and B: starting the fan frequency converter to control the variable frequency fan to rotate according to a set rotating speed to simulate a required wind power environment, and starting the second frequency converter to control the air humidifier to humidify according to a set humidity to simulate a required humidity environment;
step C: selecting rock-soil particles with a certain particle grading, putting the rock-soil particles into the lofting device, controlling the electric telescopic rod to be electrified through the current actuator to drive the release controller to descend to a set position, enabling the rock-soil particles to obliquely and downwards move to the screen mesh in the guide cylinder through the surface of the release controller along the gap between the lofting device and the release controller, and starting the vibration assembly to vibrate the screen mesh so that the rock-soil particles are uniformly distributed on the screen mesh and pass through the screen mesh to fall into a migration test box;
step D: acquiring migration data, namely setting acquisition frequency of the high-speed camera, turning on the laser light source to illuminate the shooting area, starting the high-speed camera to shoot rock-soil particles passing through the shooting area in different time periods and transmitting the shot rock-soil particles to the data acquisition instrument, and analyzing the shot rock-soil particles by the data acquisition instrument through professional image software to obtain a migration rule of the rock-soil particles;
and E, step E: and acquiring mass data, wherein the weight data of the rock and soil particles falling onto the weighing balance are transmitted to the data acquisition instrument through the weight sensor, and the data acquisition instrument acquires a mass change curve in the process from releasing the rock and soil particles to finishing the test when the rock and soil particles fall into the weighing balance through related data processing.
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