CN114674820A - Simulation test device and method for migration of covering layer in ore drawing by caving method - Google Patents
Simulation test device and method for migration of covering layer in ore drawing by caving method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114674820A CN114674820A CN202210218509.8A CN202210218509A CN114674820A CN 114674820 A CN114674820 A CN 114674820A CN 202210218509 A CN202210218509 A CN 202210218509A CN 114674820 A CN114674820 A CN 114674820A
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for simulating overburden migration in ore drawing by a caving method, and belongs to the technical field of mining by the caving method. The device comprises a test box, a collapse control panel, a control panel mounting opening, a control panel supporting table, a material discharging opening, a material opening and closing device, a box body support and a high-speed camera. The ore test material and the overburden test material are laid on the caving control plate, the migration condition that the overburden material uniformly descends in the ore drawing process is simulated by drawing out the caving control plate, and the migration condition after the ore rock is discharged through the material discharge port and enters the discharged ellipsoid is simulated. The invention can simulate the overall migration rule of the covering layer in the initial ore drawing process and the migration rule of material particles near the hopper in the later ore drawing process, realizes the simulation of the full-period migration rule of the covering layer in the ore drawing process, overcomes the defect that the traditional ore drawing simulation device cannot fully show the migration development of the covering layer particles, and is more suitable for the actual production situation in the process of the covering layer migration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of caving mining, in particular to a device and a method for simulating migration of a covering layer in ore drawing by a caving method.
Background
Caving mining is still one of mining methods adopted by mine enterprises in China, surrounding rock covering layers cannot be formed at the upper parts of caving ores, migration of the covering layers is an important factor causing loss and dilution in the ore drawing process and is also an important basis for designing stope structural parameters, the development of an indoor covering layer migration simulation test is one of means for researching the covering layer migration rules, the overall migration rule and the particle migration rule of the covering layers are fully mastered, a theoretical basis is provided for designing and optimizing stope structural parameters, and guidance suggestions are provided for actual production.
At present, draw analogue means is in putting the proof box with the material is unified, simulates the ore drawing process through changing proof box angle or draw mouth structural parameter, and single draw mouth is difficult to simulate the bulk motion condition of overlying rock, and a plurality of draw mouths lead to the model increase, and test efficiency is low, and the phenomenon of diluting of "percolation" of fine particle is not obvious, and the phenomenon of collapsing of upper portion rock migration pulsation in high and large stope also can not embody in the experiment.
In view of the defects of the traditional ore drawing simulation test device, the migration rule of the covering layer in ore drawing needs to be focused, the physical phenomenon in the actual production process is reproduced through the test device and the method, the migration rule is fully mastered, and the characteristics of high efficiency and convenience are realized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a simulation test device and a simulation test method for migration of a covering layer in ore drawing by a caving method, which are used for comprehensively simulating the migration rule of the covering layer in the ore drawing process so as to solve the problem of insufficient simulation of the migration of the covering layer at present.
The simulation test device comprises a test box, a caving control panel, a control panel mounting opening, a control panel supporting table, a material discharging opening, a material opening and closing device, a box body bracket and a high-speed camera;
the test box and the control panel supporting platform are made of transparent toughened glass, and the collapse control panel is made of a high-strength steel plate and can bear overlying materials without deformation;
the proof box left and right sides sets up control panel installation opening, and the opening width is the proof box width, highly for the control panel thickness that collapses, supplies to collapse the control panel installation and take out, and control panel installation opening position is according to the high setting that the proof box bottom loaded the material, and the opening number of piles is 2 ~ 6 layers, and the interval is according to the equal proportion conversion of on-the-spot parameter.
The control panel support tables are arranged at the lower edge of the control panel mounting opening, are arranged at the left side, the right side and the back of the test box and are used for supporting the control panel which is collapsed;
the material is put the export and is set up at proof box bottom dead center position, and the material is put the export and is joined in marriage the thing material mouth and open and shut the ware for control material is discharged speed and is discharged the volume.
The bottom of the test box is provided with a box body support, the box body support supports the test box, and the high-speed camera is right opposite to the front face of the test box.
The application method of the covering layer migration simulation test device in ore drawing by the caving method comprises the following test steps:
s1: preparing a bottom ore material, a middle ore material and a covering layer material;
s2: putting the ore material at the bottom into the bottom of the test box, inserting the ore material at the bottom into the test box according to the design, wherein the filling thickness is not less than 10cm, the ore material at the nearest caving control plate is inserted into the caving control plate according to the design, the ore material at the middle part is filled into the ore material at the uppermost caving control plate, the filling thickness is not less than 10cm, the ore material at the middle part is filled with the covering layer material, the filling thickness is obtained by converting the filling thickness according to the scale of the research object according to the similar proportion, and the value of the similar proportion is 1: 50-1: 300;
s3: turning on the high-speed camera;
s4: if the caving control plate is one, slowly extracting the middle part of the ore material from one side at a constant speed, and if the caving control plates are two pieces which are spliced, slowly extracting the middle part of the ore material from the two sides at a constant speed until the middle part of the ore material falls on the bottom part of the ore material;
S5: opening the material opening and closing device, controlling the material to be discharged from the material discharge opening, converting the discharge speed according to the actual production intensity of the mine until the covering layer material appears at the material discharge opening, closing the material opening and closing device, and stopping discharging the material;
s6: the high speed camera is turned off.
In the above S1, the bottom ore material and the middle ore material are determined according to the test protocol and can be the same material.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
among the above-mentioned scheme, not only can simulate overburden at ore drawing in-process whole migration law, can also simulate the migration law of the even in-process material granule that collapses of overburden, realize the simulation of ore drawing in-process overburden complete cycle migration law, overcome the defect that traditional ore drawing analogue means can not fully show overburden granule migration development, overburden migration process is the actual production condition of laminating more.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a simulation test device for migration of a covering layer in ore drawing by a caving method according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the experimental apparatus for simulating migration of a covering layer in a caving process ore drawing according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-test chamber; 2-collapse control panel; 3-control panel mounting opening; 4-control panel support table; 5-discharging the material; 6-a material opening and closing device; 7-a box body bracket; 8-high speed camera; 9-bottom ore material; 10-middle ore feed; 11-coating material.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a device and a method for simulating migration of a covering layer in ore drawing by a caving method.
As shown in fig. 1, the device comprises a test box 1, a caving control plate 2, a control plate mounting opening 3, a control plate support platform 4, a material discharge opening 5, a material opening and closing device 6, a box body bracket 7 and a high-speed camera 8;
the bottom of the test box is provided with a box body bracket 7, and the high-speed camera 8 is just opposite to the front side of the test box 1; the left side and the right side of the test box 1 are provided with control panel mounting openings 3 correspondingly, a control panel supporting platform 4 is arranged below the control panel mounting openings 3 along the horizontal height, the caving control panel 2 is inserted into the test box 1 through the control panel mounting openings 3, and the caving control panel 2 is supported by the control panel supporting platform 4; a material discharging port 5 is arranged at the right center of the bottom of the test box 1, and a material opening and closing device 6 is arranged at the material discharging port 5.
In practical design, the collapse control plate 2 is a high-strength steel plate, is composed of two steel plates with the same specification, can bear overlying materials and is not deformed. The collapse control panel 2 is provided with 3 layers with the distance of 10-15 cm.
The material opening and closing device 6 controls the material discharging speed and the discharging amount.
The application method of the test device comprises the following steps:
s1: preparing a bottom ore material 9, a middle ore material 10 and a covering layer material 11;
s2: putting the bottom ore material 9 into the test box 1, inserting the caving control plate 2 according to the design, filling the middle ore material 10 into the uppermost layer of the caving control plate 2, and putting the covering layer material 11 into the upper part of the middle ore material 10, as shown in figure 2;
s3: turning on the high-speed camera 8;
s4: the caving control plates 2 at the uppermost layer, the middle layer and the lowermost layer are sequentially and slowly drawn out from the two sides at a constant speed from top to bottom until the ore material 10 at the middle part falls on the ore material 9 at the bottom part;
s5: opening the material opening and closing device 6, controlling the material to be discharged from the material discharge opening 5 at a discharge speed of 1L/min until the covering layer material 11 appears at the material discharge opening 5, closing the material opening and closing device 6, and stopping discharging the material;
s6: the high speed camera 8 is switched off.
In the actual design, the front panel and the rear panel of the test box are made of transparent toughened glass, steel plates are adopted on two sides, the high-speed camera is opposite to the front panel, and the migration of particles on the covering layer is observed.
Set up control panel installing opening relatively in proof box both sides, control panel installing opening sets up 3 groups, and the fluting position is respectively at distance proof box bottom 30cm, 40cm and 45cm, pastes the brace table with the powerful glue directly behind the proof box simultaneously to support the control panel that collapses.
The control panel that bursts out adopts thickness 5 mm's steel sheet, and every layer of control panel comprises two, and the control panel width is the same with the proof box, and length is 2/3 of proof box length, inserts the control panel that bursts out respectively from both sides, supports the control panel that bursts out by a supporting bench.
The bottom of the test box is provided with a material discharge port and a material port opener, the material discharge port is positioned in the center of the bottom of the test box and has a size of 10cm multiplied by 10cm, and the material port opener controls the material discharge speed and the discharge amount.
In the test, the following steps are carried out:
And 2, putting 10cm of fine-particle ore material at the bottom, inserting a three-layer caving control plate, putting 20cm of middle coarse-particle ore material at the upper part of the caving control plate, and putting 30cm of covering layer material at the upper part of the middle coarse-particle ore material.
And 3, turning on the high-speed camera.
And 4, slowly pumping out the uppermost caving control plate from two sides at a constant speed, caving the test material to the middle caving control plate, slowly pumping out the middle caving control plate from two sides at a constant speed, caving the test material to the bottom caving control plate, and slowly pumping out the bottom caving control plate from two sides uniformly, wherein the test material is caved to the bottom fine-particle ore material.
And 5, opening the material opening and closing device, controlling the material to be discharged from the material discharge opening until the covering layer material appears at the material discharge opening, closing the material opening and closing device, and stopping discharging the material.
And 6, closing the high-speed camera to finish the test.
The invention realizes the full-period simulation in the ore drawing process of covering the covering layer on the caving ore, the drawing process of the caving control panel simulates the integral uniform descending process of the covering layer, the flow-through of fine particles is obvious in the integral transportation process, the flow-through and natural classification of the fine particles in the integral transportation process of the covering layer are reproduced, the transportation rule of the covering layer in an ore drawing funnel is simulated in the material discharging process, the full-period transportation rule simulation of the covering layer in the ore drawing process is realized, the defect that the traditional ore drawing simulation device cannot fully show the transportation development of the covering layer particles is overcome, and the high-efficiency and convenient test device and method are provided, so that the transportation process of the covering layer is more suitable for the actual production condition.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the principles of the invention as set forth in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A simulation test device for migration of a covering layer in ore drawing by a caving method is characterized by comprising a test box, a caving control plate, a control plate mounting opening, a control plate supporting table, a material discharge port, a material port opener, a box body support and a high-speed camera;
the left side and the right side of the test box are provided with control panel mounting openings for mounting and drawing out the caving control panels, and the control panel support tables are arranged at the lower edges of the control panel mounting openings, arranged at the left side, the right side and the back of the test box and used for supporting the caving control panels; the material discharge port is arranged at the right center of the bottom of the test box, and is provided with a material port opener; the bottom of the test box is provided with a box body support, the box body support supports the test box, and the high-speed camera is right opposite to the front face of the test box.
2. The simulation test device for migration of the covering layer in ore drawing by the caving method according to claim 1, wherein the test box and the control panel support platform are both made of transparent toughened glass, and the caving control panel is made of a high-strength steel plate, can bear the covering material and is not deformed.
3. The simulation test device for migration of the covering layer in ore drawing by the caving method according to claim 1, wherein the width of the opening of the control panel mounting opening is the width of the test box, the height of the opening is the thickness of the caving control panel, the position of the opening of the control panel mounting opening is set according to the height of the material filled at the bottom of the test box, and the number of the opening layers is 2-6.
4. The application method of the covering layer migration simulation test device in caving method ore drawing according to claim 1, wherein the material opening and closing device controls the material discharging speed and the material discharging amount.
5. The method for applying the device for simulating overburden transport in caving ore drawing according to claim 1, comprising the steps of:
s1: preparing a bottom ore material, a middle ore material and a covering layer material;
s2: putting the ore material at the bottom into the bottom of the test box, inserting the caving control plates according to design, filling the ore material at the middle part on the caving control plate at the uppermost layer, filling the ore material at the middle part with the covering layer material, and converting the filling thickness according to the scale of the research object according to the similar proportion, wherein the similar proportion is 1: 50-1: 300;
s3: turning on the high-speed camera;
s4: if the caving control plate is one, slowly extracting the middle part of the ore material from one side at a constant speed, and if the caving control plates are two pieces which are spliced, slowly extracting the middle part of the ore material from the two sides at a constant speed until the middle part of the ore material falls on the bottom part of the ore material;
s5: opening the material opening and closing device, controlling the material to be discharged from the material discharge opening until the covering layer material appears at the material discharge opening, closing the material opening and closing device, and stopping discharging the material;
S6: the high speed camera is turned off.
6. The application method of the simulation test device for migration of the covering layer in ore drawing by caving method according to claim 5, wherein the filling thickness of the bottom ore material in S2 is not less than 10cm, and is not less than 10cm away from the nearest caving control plate.
7. The application method of the simulation test device for migration of the covering layer in ore drawing by caving method according to claim 5, wherein the filling thickness of the ore material in the middle of S2 is not less than 10 cm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210218509.8A CN114674820A (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Simulation test device and method for migration of covering layer in ore drawing by caving method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210218509.8A CN114674820A (en) | 2022-03-04 | 2022-03-04 | Simulation test device and method for migration of covering layer in ore drawing by caving method |
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| CN114674820A true CN114674820A (en) | 2022-06-28 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115326648A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-11 | 海南浙江大学研究院 | Device and method for simulating rock and soil particle migration rule |
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- 2022-03-04 CN CN202210218509.8A patent/CN114674820A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115326648A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-11-11 | 海南浙江大学研究院 | Device and method for simulating rock and soil particle migration rule |
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