CN107024622A - A kind of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus and method - Google Patents
A kind of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN107024622A CN107024622A CN201710299823.2A CN201710299823A CN107024622A CN 107024622 A CN107024622 A CN 107024622A CN 201710299823 A CN201710299823 A CN 201710299823A CN 107024622 A CN107024622 A CN 107024622A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R29/00—Arrangements for measuring or indicating electric quantities not covered by groups G01R19/00 - G01R27/00
- G01R29/24—Arrangements for measuring quantities of charge
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus and method in electrostatic atomization field, a droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device are arranged in the top of electric pole plate, a light source is arranged in side between electric pole plate and bottom electrode plate, opposite side arranges a high-speed digital camera, electric pole plate central area, which is provided with one, can allow the circular hole that single droplet passes through, the electric field force that single droplet is produced between electric pole plate and bottom electrode plate in the presence of electric field is vertically upward and more than the gravity of single droplet, single droplet is dripped downward into electric field by circular hole, droplet velocities obtain the speed and particle diameter of single droplet with particles diameter measuring device measurement；High-speed digital cameras record droplet trajectories image, obtains the ultimate range that single droplet declines, the speed and particle diameter of single droplet and the ultimate range of decline is calculated into charge-mass ratio by formula；The present invention uses non-contact measurement, can accurately measure the charge-mass ratio of the poor mist body of electric conductivity.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrostatic atomization field, be specifically atomized the e measurement technology of droplet charge-mass ratio, applied to pesticide spraying,
The every field such as biological mass spectrometry and spray burning desulfurization and dedusting.
Background technology
Electrostatic atomization can produce powered fine mist, and droplet charge-mass ratio is to weigh the important parameter of droplet carried charge,
Its motion to droplet, deformation and produce material impact in surface characteristic etc..At present, the charge-mass ratio measurement to droplet is typically adopted
Measured with contact method, the carrying capacity of droplet is obtained by trapping charged droplets group, and measure charged by balance or discharge method etc.
The quality of droplet group, so as to obtain the charge-mass ratio of droplet.If China Patent No. is 2012104576336, entitled " electrostatic spray
Device disclosed in the document of charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus ", is made by reducing charged droplets to hit bounce-back after liquid cylinder inner tube wall
Into the charge error of the generation that measures and escape again of charged droplets, the measurement to charged droplets or particle charge-mass ratio is realized.Again
China Patent No. is 2013106901882, in the document of entitled " many shower nozzle electrostatic spray charge-mass ratio measuring apparatus of spray rod type "
Disclosed equipment, is measured by the charged droplets charge-mass ratio to multiple shower nozzles on spray boom.Although these measurement apparatus or
Equipment can obtain the charge-mass ratio of droplet, but all there is following Railway Project：1）Droplet carrying capacity is received by certain device
Collect the electric charge of charged droplets, it is difficult to the collection of the whole carried charges of droplet is completed, especially for the droplet that electric conductivity is poor, electric charge
Even more it is difficult to collect.2）In the measurement process for carrying out charged charge-mass ratio, charged droplets are difficult to collect completely and quality or flow
Measurement also there is error, influence measurement accuracy.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to overcome existing droplet charge-mass ratio to measure the weak point existed using contact method, is carried
Go out a kind of measurement apparatus and method of single droplet charge-mass ratio, whole carried charges of droplet can be collected into, measurement accuracy is high.
The technical scheme that a kind of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus of the present invention is used is：Including the electric pole plate being parallel to each other
With bottom electrode plate, electric pole plate ground connection, bottom electrode plate connection high voltage power supply produces electric field between electric pole plate and bottom electrode plate,
A droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device are arranged in the top of electric pole plate, the side arrangement between electric pole plate and bottom electrode plate
One light source, opposite side arrange a high-speed digital camera, and electric pole plate central area, which is provided with one, can allow that single droplet leads to
The circular hole crossed, the electric field force that single droplet is produced between electric pole plate and bottom electrode plate in the presence of electric field is vertically upward and greatly
In the gravity of single droplet.
The technical scheme that a kind of measuring method of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus is used is to comprise the following steps：
A）High voltage power supply, light source, high-speed digital camera and droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device are opened, single droplet passes through circular hole
Drip downward into electric field, droplet velocities obtain the speed of single droplet with particles diameter measuring device measurementvAnd particle diameterd；
B）High-speed digital cameras record droplet trajectories image, obtains the ultimate range y that single droplet declinesm；
C）By the speed of single dropletvAnd particle diameterdAnd the ultimate range y declinedmPass through formulaWithCalculate charge-mass ratioA q；c qIt is the carrying capacity of single droplet,r dIt is the density of single droplet；E 0Be electric pole plate and
Electric-field intensity between bottom electrode plate,mIt is the quality of single droplet.
The present invention this have the advantage that after using above-mentioned technical proposal：
The present invention uses non-contact measurement, the particle diameter and speed of single droplet is measured by PDPA, using high-speed digital phase
Maximum dropping distance of single charged droplets of the machine measurement with certain speed in uniform electric field, without direct measurement droplet
Quality, can accurately obtain the quality of droplet, and then obtain the carrying capacity and charge-mass ratio of droplet.Electric conductivity can accurately be measured poor
Liquid charge-mass ratio, effectively prevent droplet electricity release process and measure electric current loss.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of the measurement apparatus of single droplet charge-mass ratio of the present invention；
In figure：1. light source；2. upper insulation plate；3. upper plate electrode；4. droplet；5. circular hole；6. droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device；
7. high-speed digital camera；8. bottom electrode plate；9. lower insulation plate；10. high voltage power supply.
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of measurement apparatus of single droplet charge-mass ratio of the present invention includes two pieces of battery lead plates being parallel to each other, respectively
It is electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8, the vertical interval between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8 ish, electric pole plate 3 and lower electricity
Vertical interval between pole plate 8 can be adjusted.
One piece of upper insulation plate 2 is close in the upper surface of electric pole plate 3, and upper insulation plate 2 can shield the dry of the top of electric pole plate 3
Disturb.The lower surface of bottom electrode plate 8 is close to one piece of lower insulation plate 9, and lower insulation plate 9 can shield the interference of the lower section of bottom electrode plate 8.
Electric pole plate 3 is grounded, and is null electrode.Bottom electrode plate 8 connects high voltage power supply 10, and the voltage of high voltage power supply 10 can be adjusted
Section.So, electric-field intensity is produced between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8 isE 0Uniform electric field.In electric pole plate 3 and upper
The central area of insulation board 2 is provided with a circular hole 5, and circular hole 5 can allow single droplet 4（Or drop）Pass through, single droplet 4 passes through
This circular hole 5 is dripped downward into uniform electric field.Electric-field intensity isE 0Uniform electric field direction vertically upward, the gravity with droplet 4
In the opposite direction.
A droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device 6 are arranged in the top of upper insulation plate 2（I.e. phase Doppler particle is analyzed
Instrument（Phase Doppler Particle Analyzer, abbreviation PDPA））, this device is part purchased in market, and list can be measured in real time
Individual droplet 4vAnd particle diameterd。
Before single droplet 4 drips downward into circular hole 5, the density of single droplet is obtained by densimeter measurementr d；So as to
The quality for obtaining single droplet 4 is calculated by formula。
A light source 1 is arranged in side between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8, and light source 1 can illuminate the He of electric pole plate 3
Uniform electric field between bottom electrode plate 8, to illuminate the space of the instillation of droplet 4.
Opposite side between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8 arranges a high-speed digital camera 7, to electric pole plate 3
The trace image that single droplet 4 between bottom electrode plate 8 falls is recorded in real time, and trace image is inputted into computer
（Computer is eliminated in Fig. 1）, computer is measured by image processing software obtains the ultimate range y that single droplet 4 declinesm, ym
It is also vertical range of the single bottommost of droplet 4 apart from the bottom surface of electric pole plate 3.
Light source 1, upper insulation plate 2, upper plate electrode 3, high-speed digital camera 7, bottom electrode plate 8, lower insulation plate 9 and high-tension electricity
Source 10 is all arranged in a sealed outer box, and droplet velocities are located at the side above outer box with particles diameter measuring device 6.
When measurement apparatus shown in Fig. 1 works, high voltage power supply 10 is opened, is formed between upper plate electrode 3 and lower plate electrode 8
Electric-field intensity isE 0Uniform electric field, pass through the voltage of high voltage power supply 10UIt is vertical between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8
Spacingh, uniform electric field intensity can be obtainedE 0,。
Light source 1 is opened, the region of the whereabouts of droplet 4 is illuminated, so that the picture of the record of high-speed digital camera 7 is clear, and opened
Droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device 6 and high-speed digital camera 7, before single Charged Droplet 4 instills circular hole 5, droplet velocities
The speed for obtaining single droplet 4 is just measured with particles diameter measuring device 6vAnd particle diameterd。
Regulation high voltage power supply 10 can realize electric-field intensityE 0Regulation, to ensure that the electric field force that single droplet 4 is subject to is more than
The gravity of droplet 4.When droplet 4 is dripped downward into uniform electric field by circular hole 5, droplet 4 produced under uniform electric field effect with again
The opposite electric field force of power, and more than gravity.During single droplet 4 declines in uniform electric field, the single bottommost of droplet 4 with
Vertical range between the lower surface of electric pole plate 3 is that droplet is dripped apart from y, and because electric field force is more than gravity, therefore, droplet 4 drips
Fall to exist a maximum drippage apart from ym, by the droplet trajectories image of the record of high-speed digital camera 7, single droplet 4 can be obtained
The ultimate range y of declinem。
Regulation the distance between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8 can ensure the ultimate range y that droplet 4 fallsmAll the time it is small
Vertical interval between electric pole plate 3 and bottom electrode plate 8h。
The speed of obtained single droplet 4 will be measuredvAnd particle diameterd, decline ultimate range ymData are through formula（1）Meter
Calculate, obtain the carrying capacity of single droplet 4c q, by the carrying capacity of single droplet 4c qWith the quality of single droplet 4mThrough formula（2）Meter
Calculate and obtain charge-mass ratioA q：
（1）
（2）
Wherein, formula（1）It is that the equation inference moved according to single droplet 4 is obtained, specific derivation process is：According to newton
Two move theorems, and the equation for obtaining the single motion of droplet 4 is：
（3）
In formula, m is the quality of single droplet 4；vFor droplet velocities；E 0For the electric-field intensity of uniform electric field；c qFor single droplet 4
Carrying capacity；c dFor resistance coefficient,,It is Reynolds number；
r gFor atmospheric density, y is the vertical range that droplet falls.
By to formula（3）It is integrated, it is contemplated that the resistance of droplet 4 is much smaller than electrostatic force, can in the case where ignoring resistance
To obtain the ultimate range y that single droplet 4 declinesmFor：
（4）
Therefore, by formula（4）Obtain formula（1）Single droplet 4 carrying capacity。
Claims (7)
1. a kind of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus, including the electric pole plate being parallel to each other（3）With bottom electrode plate（8）, Top electrode
Plate（3）Ground connection, bottom electrode plate（8）Connect high voltage power supply（10）, electric pole plate（3）With bottom electrode plate（8）Between produce electric field, its
It is characterized in：Electric pole plate（3）Top arrange a droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device（6）, electric pole plate（3）And bottom electrode
Plate（8）Between side arrange a light source（1）, opposite side arrange a high-speed digital camera（7）, electric pole plate（3）Center
Region, which is provided with one, can allow the circular hole that single droplet passes through（5）, single droplet is in electric pole plate（3）With bottom electrode plate（8）It
Between the electric field force that produces in the presence of electric field vertically upward and more than the gravity of single droplet.
2. single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Electric pole plate（3）Upper surface it is tight
Paste one piece of upper insulation plate（2）, bottom electrode plate（8）Lower surface be close to one piece of lower insulation plate（9）, in electric pole plate（3）With it is upper absolutely
Listrium（2）Central area be provided with circular hole（5）.
3. a kind of measuring method of single droplet charge-mass ratio measurement apparatus as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that including following step
Suddenly：
A）Open high voltage power supply（10）, light source（1）, high-speed digital camera（7）With droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device（6）, it is single
Individual droplet passes through circular hole（5）Drip downward into electric field, droplet velocities and particles diameter measuring device（6）Measurement obtains the speed of single droplet
DegreevAnd particle diameterd；
B）High-speed digital camera（7）Droplet trajectories image is recorded, the ultimate range y that single droplet declines is obtainedm；
C）By the speed of single dropletvAnd particle diameterdAnd the ultimate range y declinedmPass through formulaWithCalculate charge-mass ratioA q；c qIt is the carrying capacity of single droplet,r dIt is the density of single droplet；E 0It is electric pole plate（3）
With bottom electrode plate（8）Between electric-field intensity,mIt is the quality of single droplet.
4. measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Step A）In, adjust high voltage power supply（10）Voltage, make
The electric field force that single droplet is produced is more than its gravity.
5. measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Step A）In, drip downward into circular hole in single droplet（5）
Before, the density that densimeter measurement obtains single droplet is first passed throughr d, then through formulaCalculate and obtain single droplet
Qualitym。
6. measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Step B）In, adjust electric pole plate（3）With bottom electrode plate
（8）The distance between, make ultimate range ymLess than electric pole plate（3）With bottom electrode plate 8（It）Between vertical interval.
7. measuring method according to claim 3, it is characterized in that：Step B）In, high-speed digital camera（7）By droplet trajectories
Image inputs computer, and computer is measured by image processing software obtains the ultimate range y that single droplet declinesm。
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Cited By (4)
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| CN108594029A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2018-09-28 | 大连理工大学 | The charged measuring device of powder granule based on image recognition and method |
| CN108646104A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of improvement devices and methods therefor based on Millikan oil drop instrument |
| CN109946531A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-28 | 温州大学 | The measuring device and its measurement method of remaining capacity after a kind of λ-DNA is neutralized |
| ES2926357A1 (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-25 | Univ Madrid Autonoma | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTRICAL CHARGE IN A DROP (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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| CN108646104A (en) * | 2018-06-07 | 2018-10-12 | 长春理工大学 | A kind of improvement devices and methods therefor based on Millikan oil drop instrument |
| CN109946531A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-28 | 温州大学 | The measuring device and its measurement method of remaining capacity after a kind of λ-DNA is neutralized |
| CN109946531B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2024-02-23 | 温州大学 | Device and method for measuring residual electric quantity after lambda-DNA neutralization |
| ES2926357A1 (en) * | 2021-04-14 | 2022-10-25 | Univ Madrid Autonoma | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE DETERMINATION OF THE ELECTRICAL CHARGE IN A DROP (Machine-translation by Google Translate, not legally binding) |
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Application publication date: 20170808 |