CN115324302A - 一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN115324302A
CN115324302A CN202211004630.7A CN202211004630A CN115324302A CN 115324302 A CN115324302 A CN 115324302A CN 202211004630 A CN202211004630 A CN 202211004630A CN 115324302 A CN115324302 A CN 115324302A
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曾志文
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Chinafloors Timber China Co ltd
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Chinafloors Timber China Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法，涉及地板领域，包括PVC发泡层、PVC复合强化层、实木层与浸渍耐磨纸，所述PVC复合强化层上端面固定连接有所述PVC发泡层，所述PVC发泡层上端面固定连接有所述实木层，本发明通过在地板的基层PVC复合强化层底部开设有泄压槽，且内部填充设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒，不仅加大了地板的支撑强度，利用二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的高比表面积和高孔隙率同时提高了地板的隔热能力，从而使得房间的热舒适性大大提高，同时地板的基层PVC复合强化层主要为PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料，充分的利用了在制作实木层时橡木产生的废料，有效的节约了木材资源、降低成本，具有很好的经济与环境效益。

Description

一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及地板领域，具体为一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法。
背景技术
在装修领域中，室内地面铺装材料一般为各种木质地板或复合木地板。木质地板的触感比较舒适，但是目前市面上的复合木地板，甲醛含量虽然达到了国家控制的甲醛释放标准内，但是随着时间与环境的变化，甲醛多多少少都会散发进入到人体，对人的身体健康造成影响，同时随着现在气候的变化，天气的热变化较为严重，复合木地板的隔热性难以满足现在人们的需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种新型无甲醛复合地板及其制备方法，以解决上述背景技术中提出的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种新型无甲醛复合地板，包括PVC发泡层、PVC复合强化层、实木层与浸渍耐磨纸，所述PVC复合强化层上端面固定连接有所述PVC发泡层，所述PVC发泡层上端面固定连接有所述实木层，所述实木层上端面设置有浸渍耐磨纸，所述PVC复合强化层下端面等距分布设置有开口向下的泄压槽，每个所述泄压槽中分别设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒，所述PVC复合强化层下端面固定设置有防潮层。
作为优选，所述的实木层由三层单板热压而成，由上至下分别为桉木层、橡木层、桉木层。
此外，本发明还提供了一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：制备基板PVC复合强化层，取相应重量份的PVC塑料原料20-40份、橡木碎料40-60份、润滑剂4份、稳定剂2份、发泡剂1份、发泡调节剂5份、增塑剂1.5份、抗老化剂1.5份、石墨粉5份，进行混合；
步骤二：将步骤一中混合物放入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出到模具汇总进行定型后处理，再放入到铣床中加工出泄压槽；
步骤三：制备浸渍耐磨纸，取相应重量份的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂90份、尿苯二甲酸7.5份、三乙醇胺2.5份混合，搅拌均匀，同时进行稀释后将耐磨纸放入进行浸渍；
步骤四：制备实木层，取两个三毫米厚的桉木板，一个五毫米厚度的橡木板，将橡木板放在中间，将所述步骤三中制备的浸渍耐磨纸铺放在最上层的桉木板上，上下两端分别放置桉木板送入到热压机中进行热压成型，得到成品实木层；
步骤五：往PVC复合强化层底面的泄压槽中填充二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒，再用防潮层进行涂上异氰酸酯进行封底固定，使得PVC复合强化层与防潮层成为一个整体，最后将PVC发泡层放置在实木层与PVC复合强化层之间通过异氰酸酯进行黏合固定；
步骤六：常温下放置48—72小时。
作为优选，所述步骤一中原料混合分为两步，首先将PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料、增塑剂、热稳定剂、加入到高速搅拌机中进行混合，混合温度为110-130℃，转速为600r/min，混合时间10min，然后再依次加入石墨粉、润滑剂、发泡剂、发泡调节剂、抗老化剂进行搅拌混合，与此同时将温度下降至100-110℃，转速提高至800r/min，混合15min。
作为优选，所述步骤一中PVC塑料原料与橡木碎料成分比例为1:3—1:1。
作为优选，所述步骤三中在混合前先将所述三聚氰胺甲醛树脂进行超声分散，再进行磁力搅拌混合。
作为优选，所述步骤三中稀释的稀释液为乙醇与水按照1；1混合而成，同时稀释至黏度为实木层16-18S。
作为优选，所述步骤三中耐磨纸的浸胶量为175％—205％，挥发物含量为6wt％—8wt％、预固化度为50％—60％。
作为优选，所述步骤四中热压温度控制在190—205℃、压力为5—8MPa，热压时间为40—45S。
首先在地板的基层PVC复合强化层底部开设有泄压槽，且内部填充设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒，不仅加大了地板的支撑强度，利用二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的高比表面积和高孔隙率同时提高了地板的隔热能力，从而使得房间的热舒适性大大提高，
综上所述，本发明有益效果是：
本发明通过在地板的基层PVC复合强化层底部开设有泄压槽，且内部填充设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒，不仅加大了地板的支撑强度，利用二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒的高比表面积和高孔隙率同时提高了地板的隔热能力，从而使得房间的热舒适性大大提高，同时地板的基层PVC复合强化层主要为PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料，充分的利用了在制作实木层时橡木产生的废料，有效的节约了木材资源、降低成本，具有很好的经济与环境效益，在地板表层设置有实木层同时表面覆盖设置有浸渍耐磨纸，有效地防止木质结构受潮、腐蚀、磨损，极大地提高木地板的使用寿命，同时与所述PVC复合强化层之间设置有PVC发泡层，大大提高了地板的足感，使得地板踩踏更加舒适，地板之间的内部通过异氰酸酯黏剂黏合，不仅不含有甲醛，同时具有优异的粘接强度、耐温性，耐化学腐蚀性和耐老化性。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是发明的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明一种新型无甲醛复合地板整体全剖的主视结构示意图；
图2为本发明一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法流程框架结构示意图。
附图中标记分述如下：10、PVC发泡层；11、PVC复合强化层；12、防潮层；13、泄压槽；14、二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒；15、浸渍耐磨纸；16、实木层。
具体实施方式
本说明书中公开的所有特征，或公开的所有方法或过程中的步骤，除了互相排斥的特征和/或步骤以外，均可以以任何方式组合。
本说明书(包括任何附加权利要求、摘要和附图)中公开的任一特征，除非特别叙述，均可被其他等效或具有类似目的的替代特征加以替换。即，除非特别叙述，每个特征只是一系列等效或类似特征中的一个例子而已。
下面结合图1-2对本发明进行详细说明，其中，为叙述方便，现对下文所说的方位规定如下：下文所说的上下左右前后方向与图1视图方向的前后左右上下的方向一致，图1为本发明装置的正视图，图1所示方向与本发明装置正视方向的前后左右上下方向一致。
请参阅图1-2，本发明提供的一种实施例：一种新型无甲醛复合地板，包括PVC发泡层10、PVC复合强化层11、实木层16与浸渍耐磨纸15，所述PVC复合强化层11上端面固定连接有所述PVC发泡层10，所述PVC发泡层10上端面固定连接有所述实木层16，所述实木层16上端面设置有浸渍耐磨纸15，所述PVC复合强化层11下端面等距分布设置有开口向下的泄压槽13，每个所述泄压槽13中分别设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒14，所述PVC复合强化层11下端面固定设置有防潮层12。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述的实木层16由三层单板热压而成，由上至下分别为桉木层、橡木层、桉木层。
此外，本发明还提供了一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
步骤一：制备基板PVC复合强化层11，取相应重量份的PVC塑料原料20-40份、橡木碎料40-60份、润滑剂4份、稳定剂2份、发泡剂1份、发泡调节剂5份、增塑剂1.5份、抗老化剂1.5份、石墨粉5份，进行混合；
步骤二：将步骤一中混合物放入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出到模具汇总进行定型后处理，再放入到铣床中加工出泄压槽13；
步骤三：制备浸渍耐磨纸15，取相应重量份的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂90份、尿苯二甲酸7.5份、三乙醇胺2.5份混合，搅拌均匀，同时进行稀释后将耐磨纸放入进行浸渍；
步骤四：制备实木层16，取两个三毫米厚的桉木板，一个五毫米厚度的橡木板，将橡木板放在中间，将所述步骤三中制备的浸渍耐磨纸15铺放在最上层的桉木板上，上下两端分别放置桉木板送入到热压机中进行热压成型，得到成品实木层16；
步骤五：往PVC复合强化层11底面的泄压槽13中填充二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒14，再用防潮层12进行涂上异氰酸酯进行封底固定，使得PVC复合强化层11与防潮层12成为一个整体，最后将PVC发泡层10放置在实木层16与PVC复合强化层11之间通过异氰酸酯进行黏合固定；
步骤六：常温下放置48—72小时。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤一中原料混合分为两步，首先将PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料、增塑剂、热稳定剂、加入到高速搅拌机中进行混合，混合温度为110-130℃，转速为600r/min，混合时间10min，然后再依次加入石墨粉、润滑剂、发泡剂、发泡调节剂、抗老化剂进行搅拌混合，与此同时将温度下降至100-110℃，转速提高至800r/min，混合15min。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤一中PVC塑料原料与橡木碎料成分比例为1:3—1:1。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤三中在混合前先将所述三聚氰胺甲醛树脂进行超声分散，再进行磁力搅拌混合。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤三中稀释的稀释液为乙醇与水按照1；1混合而成，同时稀释至黏度为实木层16-18S。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤三中耐磨纸的浸胶量为175％—205％，挥发物含量为6wt％—8wt％、预固化度为50％—60％。
另外，在一个实施例中，所述步骤四中热压温度控制在190—205℃、压力为5—8MPa，热压时间为40—45S。
首先在地板的基层底部开设有泄压槽13，且内部填充设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒14，不仅加大了地板的支撑强度，利用二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒14的高比表面积和高孔隙率同时提高了地板的隔热能力，从而使得房间的热舒适性大大提高，同时地板的基层泄压槽13主要为PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料，充分的利用了在制作实木层16时橡木产生的废料，有效的节约了木材资源、降低成本，具有很好的经济与环境效益，在地板表层设置有实木层16同时表面覆盖设置有浸渍耐磨纸15，有效地防止木质结构受潮、腐蚀、磨损，极大地提高木地板的使用寿命，同时与所述PVC复合强化层11之间设置有PVC发泡层10，大大提高了地板的足感，使得地板踩踏更加舒适，地板之间的内部通过异氰酸酯黏剂黏合，不仅不含有甲醛，同时具有优异的粘接强度、耐温性，耐化学腐蚀性和耐老化性。
以上所述，仅为发明的具体实施方式，但发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在发明的保护范围之内。因此，发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所限定的保护范围为准。

Claims (9)

1.一种新型无甲醛复合地板，包括PVC发泡层(10)、PVC复合强化层(11)、实木层(16)与浸渍耐磨纸(15)，其特征在于：所述PVC复合强化层(11)上端面固定连接有所述PVC发泡层(10)，所述PVC发泡层(10)上端面固定连接有所述实木层(16)，所述实木层(16)上端面设置有浸渍耐磨纸(15)，所述PVC复合强化层(11)下端面等距分布设置有开口向下的泄压槽(13)，每个所述泄压槽(13)中分别设置有二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒(14)，所述PVC复合强化层(11)下端面固定设置有防潮层(12)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板，其特征在于：所述的实木层(16)由三层单板热压而成，由上至下分别为桉木层、橡木层、桉木层。
3.一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：包括以下步骤：
步骤一：制备基板PVC复合强化层(11)，取相应重量份的PVC塑料原料20-40份、橡木碎料40-60份、润滑剂4份、稳定剂2份、发泡剂1份、发泡调节剂5份、增塑剂1.5份、抗老化剂1.5份、石墨粉5份，进行混合；
步骤二：将步骤一中混合物放入到双螺杆挤出机中挤出到模具汇总进行定型后处理，再放入到铣床中加工出泄压槽(13)；
步骤三：制备浸渍耐磨纸(15)，取相应重量份的三聚氰胺甲醛树脂90份、尿苯二甲酸7.5份、三乙醇胺2.5份混合，搅拌均匀，同时进行稀释后将耐磨纸放入进行浸渍；
步骤四：制备实木层(16)，取两个三毫米厚的桉木板，一个五毫米厚度的橡木板，将橡木板放在中间，将所述步骤三中制备的浸渍耐磨纸(15)铺放在最上层的桉木板上，上下两端分别放置桉木板送入到热压机中进行热压成型，得到成品实木层(16)；
步骤五：往PVC复合强化层(11)底面的泄压槽(13)中填充二氧化硅气凝胶颗粒(14)，再用防潮层(12)进行涂上异氰酸酯进行封底固定，使得PVC复合强化层(11)与防潮层(12)成为一个整体，最后将PVC发泡层(10)放置在实木层(16)与PVC复合强化层(11)之间通过异氰酸酯进行黏合固定；
步骤六：常温下放置48—72小时。
4.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中原料混合分为两步，首先将PVC塑料原料、橡木碎料、增塑剂、热稳定剂、加入到高速搅拌机中进行混合，混合温度为110-130℃，转速为600r/min，混合时间10min，然后再依次加入石墨粉、润滑剂、发泡剂、发泡调节剂、抗老化剂进行搅拌混合，与此同时将温度下降至100-110℃，转速提高至800r/min，混合15min。
5.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤一中PVC塑料原料与橡木碎料成分比例为1:3—1:1。
6.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中在混合前先将所述三聚氰胺甲醛树脂进行超声分散，再进行磁力搅拌混合。
7.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中稀释的稀释液为乙醇与水按照1；1混合而成，同时稀释至黏度为实木层16-18S。
8.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤三中耐磨纸的浸胶量为175％—205％，挥发物含量为6wt％—8wt％、预固化度为50％—60％。
9.根据权利要求3所述的一种新型无甲醛复合地板的制备方法，其特征在于：所述步骤四中热压温度控制在190—205℃、压力为5—8MPa，热压时间为40—45S。
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