CN115321951A - 一种轻质保温耐火砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种轻质保温耐火砖及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 67
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000012752 auxiliary agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium oxide Inorganic materials [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Mg+2] AXZKOIWUVFPNLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 8
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003467 sulfuric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-(chloromethyl)-4-[4-(chloromethyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound C1=CC(CCl)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(CCl)C=C1 INZDTEICWPZYJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H aluminium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Al+3].[Al+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O DIZPMCHEQGEION-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium carbide Chemical compound [Cr]#C[Cr]C#[Cr] UFGZSIPAQKLCGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940057950 sodium laureth sulfate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;2-[2-(2-dodecoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethyl sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCCOCCOCCOCCOS([O-])(=O)=O SXHLENDCVBIJFO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910003470 tongbaite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012255 calcium oxide Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009740 moulding (composite fabrication) Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 1
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011806 microball Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
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- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
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Abstract
本发明涉及C04B35,更具体地,本发明涉及一种轻质保温耐火砖及其制备方法,轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括32‑45重量份粉煤灰,18‑30重量份硅藻土,7‑10重量份金属氧化物,6‑9重量份无机玻化微珠和0.25‑0.8重量份助剂。本发明提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,应用在窑衬上,不仅不会由于自身的重力导致窑衬出现凹陷或下沉倾斜的问题,而且窑衬在长期使用中也不会出现裂缝等破损。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及C04B35,更具体地,本发明涉及一种轻质保温耐火砖及其制备方法。
背景技术
工业窑炉在材料煅烧制造中应用广泛。由于长时间经受高温,窑炉,尤其是窑衬的寿命受到了挑战。
专利号CN105132711B的专利提供了一种延长回转式阳极炉氧化还原口耐火砖使用寿命的方法,控制钢管进入炉膛的距离为100mm,同时控制填充料高岭土和白云石粉末的比例,使得耐火砖的使用寿命提高至80个炉期。专利号CN100491098的专利提供了一种用泥浆结合耐火砖的成型方法,矿石粉和粘土合理配比后与高铝土混合,使矿石粉和粘土被泥浆包裹完全,耐火砖不易掉角掉棱,使用寿命延长。
窑衬耐火砖的使用寿命和多种因素有关,且对于使用寿命的评判并无统一的严格标准,譬如有人认为只要窑炉加工出来的材料的质量未降低,即使窑衬已有一部分破损,但仍可以继续使用。不仅仅是窑衬在长期使用中会出现裂缝等破损,而且由于自身的重力导致窑衬出现凹陷或下沉倾斜的问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明第一个方面提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,所述轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括32-45重量份粉煤灰,18-30重量份硅藻土,7-10重量份金属氧化物,6-9重量份无机玻化微珠和0.25-0.8重量份助剂。
优选的,所述轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括38-43重量份粉煤灰,20-25重量份硅藻土,7-9重量份金属氧化物,6-9重量份无机玻化微珠和0.25-0.7重量份助剂。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.4-0.95%。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述粉煤灰的密度为1.8-2.0g/cm3,粉煤灰中含有氧化镁,粉煤灰中氧化镁占比0.5-1wt%。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述硅藻土中含有二氧化硅和氧化铁,硅藻土中,二氧化硅含量78-85wt%,氧化铁含量0.3-0.7wt%。
为了获得轻量的耐火砖,改善窑衬由于自身的重力导致出现凹陷或下沉倾斜的现象,申请人想要通过粉煤灰和硅藻土来填充从而解决上述问题。然而,由于粉煤灰和硅藻土加入后,对外加剂的吸附作用大,体系的吸水性提高,不利于耐火砖的制备,同时粉煤灰还会使得体系的安定性影响,使得体系易发生收缩膨胀。为此,申请人进行了大量的实验论证和理论思考,发现当加入特定类型的粉煤灰和硅藻土,并控制其比例,即密度为1.8-2.0g/cm3,氧化镁占比0.5-1wt%的粉煤灰和二氧化硅含量78-85wt%,氧化铁含量0.3-0.7wt%的硅藻土的重量比为(32-45):(18-30),不仅使体系吸水性降低,耐火砖更易加工,而且还克服上述技术阻力,使得体系不易发生收缩膨胀,受热后收缩率降低。这可能是由于,粉煤灰中结晶体形式存在的氧化镁的水化速度受到影响,对成型耐火砖的结构影响降低,同时密度为1.8-2.0g/cm3的粉煤灰具有特定的松散程度,和具有多孔结构的硅藻土的接触面积改变,协同作用改变,由此也使得粉煤灰中玻璃体形式存在的氧化镁在一定量的氧化铁和二氧化硅作用下,在耐火砖高温煅烧冷却至常温时,玻璃体不易析出,稳定性增强。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述金属氧化物选自氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁的一种或多种。
优选的,金属氧化物为氧化铝。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述无机玻化微珠的质量含湿率为1.5-1.8%,导热系数为0.04-0.06W/(mk)。
为了进一步提高耐火砖的力学强度,尤其是抗压强度。申请人在体系中加入了质量含湿率为1.5-1.8%,导热系数为0.04-0.06W/(mk)的无机玻化微珠,结果显示抗压强度提升的同时,还意外提升了耐火砖的弹性模量,使得耐火砖不易脆裂的同时还具有较高的耐冲击性能。申请人推断,无机玻化微珠的1.5-1.8%的含湿率反映了其具有特定的孔隙,在粉煤灰的协同作用下,无机玻化微珠和氧化铝以及助剂的作用受到影响,氧化铝以及助剂粉末的分散改变,同时由于无机玻化微珠的特定导热率,使得高温煅烧对氧化铝以及助剂粉末的作用改变,从而使复合材料的体系性能提升。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述助剂包括碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐,碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为(3-5):(2-4):1。
为了更进一步利用上述陈述孔隙作用对耐火砖体系带来的积极影响,申请人加入一定比例的助剂,控制助剂重量为粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.4-0.95%。另外,申请人还发现,加入碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的特定类型助剂,并使碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为(3-5):(2-4):1,不仅能够降低耐火砖的导热系数,而且还进一步降低了线变化率,延长了耐火砖的寿命。这可能是由于碳化物、碳酸盐在高温煅烧分解产生气体,且产生气体的速率不同,且硫酸盐促进碳化物、碳酸盐在体系中的分散,对体系结构进行了调整,因此使耐火砖的寿命延长。尤其是碳化物为碳化硅,碳酸盐为碳酸钙,硫酸盐为硫酸钙时,上述效果尤为明显。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述碳化物选自碳化硼、碳化硅、碳化铬、碳化钒的一种或多种。
作为本发明一种优选的技术方案,所述碳酸盐选自碳酸钙、碳酸钾、碳酸铵、碳酸钠的一种或多种;硫酸盐选自硫酸钙、月桂醇聚醚硫酸脂钠、硫酸铝的一种或多种。
本发明第二个方面提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,制备方法如下:(1)一次混合;(2)二次混合;(3)成型后,干燥,煅烧。
优选的,制备方法如下:(1)一次混合:粉煤灰、硅藻土混合后加入助剂,得到混合物A;(2)二次混合:在混合物A加入金属氧化物、无机玻化微珠和助剂,得到混合物B;(3)成型后,干燥,煅烧:混合物B注入模具中浇注成砖坯,干燥12h,在1100℃煅烧6-8h,取出冷却,即得。
本发明与现有技术相比具有以下有益效果:
本发明提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,应用在窑衬上,不仅不会由于自身的重力导致窑衬出现凹陷或下沉倾斜的问题,而且窑衬在长期使用中也不会出现裂缝等破损。加入特定类型的粉煤灰和硅藻土,并控制其比例,即密度为1.8-2.0g/cm3,氧化镁占比0.5-1wt%的粉煤灰和二氧化硅含量78-85wt%,氧化铁含量0.3-0.7wt%的硅藻土的重量比为(32-45):(18-30),不仅使体系吸水性降低,耐火砖更易加工,而且还克服粉煤灰和硅藻土带来的技术阻力,使得体系不易发生收缩膨胀,受热后收缩率降低;加入了质量含湿率为1.5-1.8%,导热系数为0.04-0.06W/(mk)的无机玻化微珠,结果显示抗压强度提升的同时,还意外提升了耐火砖的弹性模量,使得耐火砖不易脆裂的同时还具有较高的耐冲击性能;加入碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的特定类型助剂,并使碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为(3-5):(2-4):1,不仅能够降低耐火砖的导热系数,而且还进一步降低了线变化率,延长了耐火砖的寿命。
具体实施方式
实施例
实施例中组合物的制备原料均为市售。其中,实施例1和实施例4中粉煤灰的来源不同,实施例1粉煤灰购自泽德矿产,密度为1.96g/cm3,粉煤灰中含有氧化镁,粉煤灰中氧化镁占比0.6wt%,实施例4粉煤灰购自晶佳,密度为2.5g/cm3,粉煤灰中含有氧化镁,粉煤灰中氧化镁占比1.2wt%,硅藻土购自泽旭,硅藻土中含有二氧化硅和氧化铁,硅藻土中,二氧化硅含量80wt%,氧化铁含量0.5wt%,氧化铝购自中鹏化工,无机玻化微珠购自河北亿鑫节能保温建材厂,质量含湿率为1.6%,导热系数为0.052W/(mk)。
实施例1
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括40重量份粉煤灰,22重量份硅藻土,8重量份金属氧化物,7重量份无机玻化微珠和0.39重量份助剂。
助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.63%。
金属氧化物为氧化铝。
助剂包括碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐,碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为4:3:1。
碳化物为碳化硅,碳酸盐为碳酸钙,硫酸盐为硫酸钙。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,制备方法如下:(1)一次混合:粉煤灰、硅藻土混合后加入助剂,得到混合物A;(2)二次混合:在混合物A加入金属氧化物、无机玻化微珠和助剂,得到混合物B;(3)成型后,干燥,煅烧:混合物B注入模具中浇注成砖坯,干燥12h,在1100℃煅烧7h,取出冷却,即得。
实施例2
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,与实施例1不同的是,本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括43重量份粉煤灰,25重量份硅藻土,8重量份金属氧化物,9重量份无机玻化微珠和0.63重量份助剂。
助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.93%。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,与实施例1相同。
实施例3
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,与实施例1不同的是,本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括48重量份粉煤灰,25重量份硅藻土,9重量份金属氧化物,8重量份无机玻化微珠和0.62重量份助剂。
助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.85%。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,与实施例1相同。
实施例4
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,与实施例1不同的是,本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括38重量份粉煤灰,21重量份硅藻土,7重量份金属氧化物,8重量份无机玻化微珠和0.27重量份助剂。
助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.46%。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,与实施例1相同。
实施例5
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,与实施例1不同的是,助剂包括碳化物和碳酸盐,碳化物和碳酸盐的重量比为3:2。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,与实施例1相同。
实施例6
本例提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖,与实施例1不同的是,助剂包括碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐,碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为4:1:1。
本例还提供了一种轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,与实施例1相同。
性能测试:
1、导热率测试:按照YB/T5291-1999测试实施例1-6得到的轻质保温耐火砖,结果如表1:
表1
实施例 | 导热率(W/m·K) |
1 | 0.21 |
2 | 0.21 |
3 | 0.23 |
4 | 0.35 |
5 | 0.37 |
6 | 0.45 |
2、体积密度测试:按照GB/T 2997-2000测试实施例1-6得到的轻质保温耐火砖的体积密度,结果如表2:
表2
实施例 | 体积密度偏差(g/cm<sup>3</sup>) |
1 | 2.1 |
2 | 2.2 |
3 | 3.4 |
4 | 5.8 |
5 | 4.5 |
6 | 4.9 |
3、永久线变化率测试:按照GB/T 5988-2004测试实施例1-6得到的轻质保温耐火砖在1000℃的永久线变化率,结果如表3:
表3
实施例 | 永久线变化率(%) |
1 | 0.4 |
2 | 0.5 |
3 | 0.7 |
4 | 1.8 |
5 | 1.4 |
6 | 1.3 |
4、稳定性测试:将实施例1-6得到的轻质保温耐火砖在900℃环境中静置5h后,置于25℃19h,此为一个循环,150个循环后观察其外观并测量其失重率,通过失重率来判断耐火砖的掉渣情况,结果如表4:
表4
实施例 | 外观 | 失重率(%) |
1 | 无裂缝,无凹陷 | 1.2 |
2 | 无裂缝,无凹陷 | 1.4 |
3 | 有裂缝,有凹陷 | 5.7 |
4 | 无裂缝,无凹陷 | 8.2 |
5 | 有裂缝,有凹陷 | 10.6 |
6 | 有裂缝,有凹陷 | 6.4 |
5、耐压强度测试:按照GBT 5072.2-2004测试实施例1-6得到的轻质保温耐火砖的耐压强度,结果如表5:
表5
实施例 | 耐压强度(MPa) |
1 | 15.6 |
2 | 14.7 |
3 | 8.5 |
4 | 7.6 |
5 | 9.8 |
6 | 9.6 |
Claims (10)
1.一种轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述轻质保温耐火砖的原料包括32-45重量份粉煤灰,18-30重量份硅藻土,7-10重量份金属氧化物,6-9重量份无机玻化微珠和0.25-0.8重量份助剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述助剂重量是粉煤灰和硅藻土的混合物的0.4-0.95%。
3.根据权利要求2所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述粉煤灰的密度为1.8-2.0g/cm3,粉煤灰中含有氧化镁,粉煤灰中氧化镁占比0.5-1wt%。
4.根据权利要求3所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述硅藻土中含有二氧化硅和氧化铁,硅藻土中,二氧化硅含量78-85wt%,氧化铁含量0.3-0.7wt%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述金属氧化物选自氧化铝、氧化钙、氧化镁的一种或多种。
6.根据权利要求5所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述无机玻化微珠的质量含湿率为1.5-1.8%,导热系数为0.04-0.06W/(mk)。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述助剂包括碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐,碳化物、碳酸盐和硫酸盐的重量比为(3-5):(2-4):1。
8.根据权利要求7所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述碳化物选自碳化硼、碳化硅、碳化铬、碳化钒的一种或多种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的轻质保温耐火砖,其特征在于,所述碳酸盐选自碳酸钙、碳酸钾、碳酸铵、碳酸钠的一种或多种;硫酸盐选自硫酸钙、月桂醇聚醚硫酸脂钠、硫酸铝的一种或多种。
10.一种根据权利要求1所述的轻质保温耐火砖的制备方法,其特征在于,制备方法如下:(1)一次混合;(2)二次混合;(3)成型后,干燥,煅烧。
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