CN115316264B - Breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid - Google Patents
Breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid Download PDFInfo
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- CN115316264B CN115316264B CN202210984066.3A CN202210984066A CN115316264B CN 115316264 B CN115316264 B CN 115316264B CN 202210984066 A CN202210984066 A CN 202210984066A CN 115316264 B CN115316264 B CN 115316264B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
Abstract
A breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid seeds comprises the following steps: and (3) breeding a restorer: selecting single plants with stems rich in anthocyanin and seeds free of anthocyanin from conventional seeds, collecting pollen, hybridizing with a common restorer, selecting single plants with progeny being common purple rod seeds, and selecting single plants with common purple rod seeds in each generation; or selecting the offspring as single plants of the purple rod purple seeds for continuous selfing, and selecting the single plants of the purple rod purple seeds for each generation until the two selfing homozygously form a homozygously single line as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds for later use; preparing hybrid seeds by using the obtained two homozygous single-line male parent and a common sterile line respectively, and selecting sunflower seeds with purple stalks and purple seeds as the hybrid seeds. The invention prepares hybrid seeds by breeding proper restorer lines and utilizing a plurality of conventional sterile lines, can prepare uniform purple sunflower varieties, and meets the variety registration requirements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a breeding method of purple-seed sunflower three-line hybrid, belonging to the technical field of plant breeding.
Background
The sunflower seeds rich in anthocyanin are purple and have good health care effect. At present, the purple sunflower seeds are occasionally seen in conventional seeds such as white toothpicks, black crow, and the like, but no feasible method is adopted to breed the purple sunflower seeds with tidy and consistent quality and high yield. Furthermore, the genetic rules of anthocyanin accumulation in purple seed sunflower varieties are not yet clear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a breeding method of three-line hybrid seeds of purple sunflower, which is characterized in that a proper restorer line is bred, and the hybrid seeds are prepared by utilizing a plurality of conventional sterile lines to prepare regular and consistent purple sunflower varieties, so that the variety registration requirements are met; and fully utilizes the existing common sterile line, thereby greatly accelerating the variety cultivation speed.
The technical scheme adopted for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid, comprising the following steps:
step a, breeding a restorer: selecting single plants with the stems rich in anthocyanin and the seeds not containing anthocyanin from conventional seeds, collecting pollen, hybridizing with a common restorer, selecting single plants with the stems rich in anthocyanin and the seeds not containing anthocyanin as offspring, namely selecting single plants of the common purple rod seeds for continuous selfing, and selecting single plants of the common purple rod seeds in each generation; or selecting the progeny as single plants with the stem and the seeds rich in anthocyanin, namely selecting single plants of the purple rod purple seeds for continuous selfing, and selecting the single plants of the purple rod purple seeds in each generation; homozygously forming a homozygote single line as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds by the two selfing;
step b, screening of a common sterile line and preparation of hybrid seeds: and c, preparing hybrid seeds by using the two homozygous single-line male parents obtained in the step a and a common sterile line respectively, and selecting a combination of first-generation F1 expressing purple seeds as the hybrid seeds.
In the step b, the common purple rod seed homozygous single-line male parent and the common sterile line obtained in the step a are utilized to carry out hybrid preparation, part of combined hybrid generation is expressed as purple rod purple seeds which are used as hybrid seeds, or various types of single plants appear by continuous selfing separation, and the various types of single plants continue to carry out continuous selfing to breed the purple rod purple seed homozygous single-line male parent or the common purple rod seed homozygous single-line male parent in the step a; and c, the other part of the combined first-filial generation shows the common purple rod seeds, and the common purple rod seeds in the step a are further subjected to self-copulation and purification to obtain the homozygous single-line male parent of the common purple rod seeds.
In the step a, the homozygous single line is obtained by continuous selfing for 7-9 generations.
In the above breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid, in the step a, the conventional seed is white toothpick or black crow.
The common sterile line in the step b is the sterile line of any sunflower variety of green stalk and black/white seeds.
In the above breeding method of purple seed sunflower three-line hybrid, in the step a, the common restorer line refers to any variety of sunflower restorer line.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention prepares hybrid seeds by breeding proper restorer lines (male parents) and utilizing a plurality of conventional sterile lines, can prepare tidily consistent purple seed sunflower varieties, and meets the variety registration requirements. And fully utilizes the existing common sterile line, thereby greatly accelerating the variety cultivation speed. Until the genetic rule of the purple seed sunflower is not clarified, no effective method for breeding the purple seed sunflower hybrid is available in the market at present. The invention fills the technical blank.
Detailed Description
The anthocyanin genetic law contained in the purple seed sunflower bred by the breeding method disclosed by the invention is researched, and the anthocyanin genetic rule in sunflower seeds is found to be controlled by 2 pairs of genes: gene a and gene B.2, the genes are independently inherited, and the Mendelian's free combination law is met. Table 1 below shows the correspondence between genotypes and phenotypes. It was found that both genes showed purple seeds when they were dominant at the same time, such as AABB, AABb, aaBB, aaBb; a represents common seeds of purple rods when dominant B is recessive, such as AAbb and Aabb, and all represent common seeds of purple rods; when the plant is recessive, the plant shows green stem common seeds no matter the plant is recessive, such as aaBB, aaBb, aabb.
TABLE 1 Gene free combination, genotype and phenotype comparison Table
The hybrid seeds cultivated by the breeding method of the invention show advantages after planting, and the purple seeds are orderly and consistently all expressed, and the stems and veins of the obtained sunflower accumulate anthocyanin and show purple; the kernels accumulate anthocyanin, which appears purple black, and the tips of the kernels and the outer membrane of the kernels accumulate a small amount of anthocyanin, which appears purple.
In the breeding process of the invention, no special requirement is required for the sterile line, and the common green stem black seed/white seed sunflower sterile line of any variety can be used.
The invention is further illustrated below with reference to examples.
Example 1
Selecting single plant collected pollen with the stem part rich in anthocyanin and the anthocyanin (common purple rod seed) from the conventional white toothpick, hybridizing with the common restoring line C107 which is independently bred, selecting the progeny as the common purple rod seed single plant, continuously selfing for 7 to 9 generations, and selecting the common purple rod seed single plant in each generation until the homozygous single line C1 is formed by homozygosity and is used as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds; preparing hybrid seeds by using the obtained homozygous single line and the sterile lines 306A431557, K24 and K26 which are independently bred, obtaining hybrid seeds, and further planting and observing the hybrid seeds, wherein the combination 306A431557 ×C1 is expressed as purple seeds, and the hybrid seeds can be produced in mass production and used as the hybrid seeds; wherein, K24 xC 1 and K26 xC 1 represent common seeds of purple rod, which can not be used as hybrid seeds, and the seeds are further self-cross-purified until the seeds are homozygous to form a new homozygous single line which is used as a male parent of the restorer line.
Example 2
And (3) selecting a single plant with the stem part rich in anthocyanin and the seed not containing anthocyanin (common purple stalk seed) from the conventional black crow, hybridizing with the common restorer line C116 which is independently bred, selecting a single plant with the stem part and the seed rich in anthocyanin (purple stalk seed) from the offspring, continuously selfing for 7 to 9 generations, and selecting the purple stalk purple seed single plant from each generation of selfing until the purple stalk seed single plant is homozygous, so as to form a homozygous single line C2 as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds for later use. The obtained homozygous single line and the independently bred sterile lines 306A431557, K24 and K26 are used for hybrid preparation, the obtained hybrid has only one type of expression, and all combinations are expressed as purple rod and purple seeds. The good combination can be directly used as hybrid seeds in mass production. Meanwhile, the obtained hybrid can be further subjected to selfing and homozygous breeding to obtain the homozygous single line C2 serving as a male parent for later use.
Example 3
Selecting single plant collected pollen with the stem part rich in anthocyanin and the anthocyanin (common purple rod seed) from the conventional white toothpick, hybridizing with the common restoring line C107 which is independently bred, selecting the progeny as the common purple rod seed single plant, continuously selfing for 7 to 9 generations, and selecting the common purple rod seed single plant in each generation until the homozygous single line C1 is formed by homozygosity and is used as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds; preparing hybrid seeds by using the obtained homozygous single line C1 and the sterile lines 306A431557, K24 and K26 which are independently bred, obtaining hybrid seeds, and further planting and observing the hybrid seeds, wherein the combination 306A431557 ×C1 is expressed as purple seeds, and the hybrid seeds can be produced in mass production and used as hybrid seeds; the combination K24 xC 1 and K26 xC 1 show common purple rod seeds, can not be used as hybrid seeds, and the hybrid seeds are continuously subjected to self-copulation and continuous self-copulation for 8-9 generations, and each generation selects common purple rod seed single plants until the common purple rod seed single plants are homozygous to form homozygous single line C3 to be used as male parent for preparing hybrid seeds; the homozygous single line C3 obtained by the method and the sterile line K28 which is independently bred are used for preparing hybrid seeds, the hybrid seeds are obtained and then further planted and observed, wherein the combination K28 multiplied by C3 shows purple seeds, and the obtained hybrid seeds can be used as hybrid seeds in mass production.
Claims (5)
1. A breeding method of three-line hybrid seeds of purple sunflower is characterized in that: the breeding method comprises the following steps:
step a, breeding a restorer: selecting single plants with the stems rich in anthocyanin and the seeds not containing anthocyanin from conventional seeds, collecting pollen, hybridizing with a common restorer, selecting single plants with the stems rich in anthocyanin and the seeds not containing anthocyanin as offspring, namely selecting single plants of the common purple rod seeds for continuous selfing, and selecting single plants of the common purple rod seeds in each generation; or selecting the progeny as single plants with the stem and the seeds rich in anthocyanin, namely selecting single plants of the purple rod purple seeds for continuous selfing, and selecting the single plants of the purple rod purple seeds in each generation; homozygously forming a homozygote single line as a male parent for preparing hybrid seeds by the two selfing;
step b, screening of a common sterile line and preparation of hybrid seeds: b, preparing hybrid seeds by using the two homozygous single-line male parents obtained in the step a and a common sterile line respectively, and selecting a combination of F1 representing the current purple rod and purple seeds as the hybrid seeds;
in the step a, 7-9 generations of continuous selfing are carried out to obtain a homozygous single line.
2. The method for breeding purple sunflower three-line hybrid according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step b, the male parent of the purple rod common seed homozygous single line obtained in the step a and the common sterile line are utilized for preparing hybrid seeds, part of combined hybrid generation is expressed as purple rod purple seeds which are used as hybrid seeds, or various types of single plants appear by continuous selfing separation, and the various types of single plants continuously selfe to select the male parent of the purple rod purple seed homozygous single line or the male parent of the purple rod common seed homozygous single line in the step a; and c, the other part of the combined first-filial generation shows the common purple rod seeds, and the common purple rod seeds in the step a are further subjected to continuous self-copulation and purification to obtain the homozygous single-line male parent of the common purple rod seeds.
3. The method for breeding purple sunflower three-line hybrid according to claim 2, wherein: in the step a, the conventional seeds are white toothpicks or black crow varieties.
4. The method for breeding purple sunflower three-line hybrid according to claim 3, wherein: the common sterile line in the step b is the sterile line of any sunflower variety of green stalk, black seed/white seed.
5. The method for breeding purple sunflower three-line hybrid according to claim 4, wherein: in the step a, the common restorer line refers to a sunflower restorer line of any variety.
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