CN115305310B - Use method of metallized pellet in electric arc furnace - Google Patents
Use method of metallized pellet in electric arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115305310B CN115305310B CN202211118483.6A CN202211118483A CN115305310B CN 115305310 B CN115305310 B CN 115305310B CN 202211118483 A CN202211118483 A CN 202211118483A CN 115305310 B CN115305310 B CN 115305310B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention is thatRelates to a method for using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace. In the smelting of electric arc furnace, the method of the invention fully utilizes the characteristic of rapid slagging of pellets on the basis of conventional raw materials of molten iron, scrap steel and pig iron, adds metallized pellets of rotary hearth furnace and simultaneously adds light burned dolomite and lime, and realizes the purpose of stably digesting and using metallized pellets in the electric arc furnace by optimizing steel retention, carbon distribution control, feeding slagging control, oxygen supply control and slag alkalinity control, so that each furnace uses more than 4 tons of metallized pellets to achieve the purpose of digesting solid waste resources, reduces the steelmaking cost, reduces the power consumption of each furnace by about 500-600Kwh and reduces the oxygen consumption by about 800-1000Nm 3 。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting, and particularly relates to a use method of metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace.
Background
Along with the increasing environmental protection requirements, the large steel plants adopt a rotary hearth furnace process to treat dust and waste generated in the plants, and the rotary hearth furnace bears important environmental protection tasks such as comprehensive treatment, recycling and utilization of zinc-containing dust and sludge in steel enterprises, no factory leaving of dangerous waste and the like. The main products after the rotary hearth furnace treatment are zinc oxide powder and metallized pellets. Zinc oxide powder can be used for preparing zinc by means of external sale, and metallized pellets mainly depend on internal digestion of steel plants.
The main raw materials used in the conventional arc furnace comprise: molten iron, scrap steel, pig iron, etc., while the use of metallized pellets in electric arc furnaces is rarely reported. The use condition of the metallized pellets in each steel mill is not ideal, the total gangue content (SiO2+CaO+MgO+Al2O3, etc.) in the pellets is higher based on the component content of the metallized pellets in Table 1, and the average value is about 28%; binary basicity (CaO/SiO) of metallized pellets 2 ) The average value is 0.6, and the product is acidic and does not meet the binary alkalinity requirement (binary alkalinity of an electric arc furnace>2.0 A) is provided; pellet density was found to be 3.3g/cm 3 Lower than the densities of molten steel and slag (the density of the raw materials in an electric arc furnace is generally 7 g/cm) 3 Above), and the molten steel is easy to float on the molten steel after being mixed with the molten steel. The above characteristics of the metallized pellets are all important factors for limiting the use of the metallized pellets in electric arc furnace steelmaking, so that the technical problem of steelmaking by using the metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace is necessarily solved.
Table 1 composition of metallized pellets produced in rotary hearth furnace of steel mill
For this reason, this patent is filed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a use method of metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, and the method adopts a technical means different from conventional operation in electric arc furnace smelting, so that more than 4 tons of metallized pellets can be used in each furnace in the 100 ton electric arc furnace steelmaking process, thereby achieving the purpose of digesting solid waste resources.
The invention aims to provide a use method of metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace.
A method of using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace according to a specific embodiment of the present invention comprises the steps of:
(1) Adding 30-90 tons of scrap steel into an electric arc furnace, and immediately adding metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime from a high-level stock bin for the first time after closing a furnace cover; meanwhile, molten iron starts to be added into a furnace back chute to form a raw material for charging into the furnace, and the carbon content of the raw material for charging into the furnace is ensured to be more than 1.6%wt; ensuring that the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8%wt;
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to be electrified for well penetration, and opens a furnace wall oxygen gun to blow oxygen, and the oxygen is adjusted from a holding mode to a low oxygen mode; after electrifying for 2-4 minutes, adding metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime for the second time; the furnace door oxygen lance is in a hypoxia mode, the furnace wall oxygen lance is in a hypoxia mode or a medium oxygen mode, smelting is started, after 20-25 minutes of power on, the first temperature measurement is carried out to 1550-1570 ℃, three furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to a high oxygen mode, the power on is carried out for 4-6 minutes, the second temperature measurement is carried out to 1600 ℃ or above, the power off is carried out, the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted to a holding mode, the furnace door oxygen lance is closed, the smelting process is completed, lime and light dolomite are added for a plurality of times in the smelting process, and the electric furnace leaves 8-12% of steel after tapping.
The slag is a product of electric arc furnace smelting, mainly comprising elements such as Si, mn, al and the like in scrap steel and molten iron, which are oxidized and then combined with lime, dolomite and the like to form slag, wherein the slag has lighter density than molten steel and floats on the molten steel.
Further, in the step (1), 30 to 90 tons of scrap is added to the 100 ton electric arc furnace in terms of the amount of scrap added.
In the step (1), 30-90 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) is added into an electric arc furnace, and after a furnace cover is closed, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime are immediately added from a high-level stock bin for the first time; meanwhile, molten iron starts to be added into a furnace back chute to form a raw material for charging into the furnace, and the carbon content of the raw material for charging into the furnace is ensured to be more than 1.6%wt; (generally, the carbon content in molten iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in pig iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in common scrap steel is 0.1 percent by weight, the carbon content in metallized pellets is 2 to 12 percent by weight, according to the mass percent, pellets with different amounts are used according to different molten iron ratios, and if the molten iron ratio is too low, the carbon content can be controlled to be more than 1.6 percent by adding pig iron;
further, in the whole using method of the step (1) and the step (2), the adding total amount of scrap steel, molten iron, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime is carried out according to the following proportion: 60-80 tons of scrap steel, 30-70 tons of molten iron, 4000-6000Kg of metallized pellets, 2000-2300 tons of light burned dolomite and 2000-3000Kg of lime.
Further, the compressive strength of the metallized pellets is 700N or more. Considering that the metallized pellets are subjected to mechanical actions such as collision, impact, extrusion, friction and the like after being loaded, unloaded, transported and piled for many times before entering an electric arc furnace for use, the compressive strength is required to be more than 700N so as to reduce the pulverization rate.
Further, in the metallized pellets, the TFe content was 60% wt on average, the M.Fe content was 48% wt on average, and the metallization rate was 80% wt on average.
Further, the length of the scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent by weight, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent by weight, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent by weight, and the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent by weight.
Further, the speed of molten iron blended into the furnace back chute is 10t/min.
In the step (2), the electric arc furnace starts to electrify and pass through the well, and opens the furnace wall oxygen lance to blow oxygen (the furnace wall oxygen lance supplies oxygen to divide the burner mode, the low oxygen mode, the medium oxygen mode, the high oxygen mode and the holding mode, and three furnace wall oxygen lances are all five modes), and the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted from the holding mode to the low oxygen mode; after the furnace is electrified for 3 minutes, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime with the same weight as the first time are added for the second time, the furnace door oxygen lances are put into the furnace according to a low oxygen mode (the furnace door oxygen lances are electrified in a low oxygen mode and a high oxygen mode, the whole process adopts the low oxygen mode), the furnace wall oxygen lances # 2 and # 3 are adjusted to a medium oxygen mode, the furnace wall oxygen lances # 4 still keep the low oxygen mode, the lime and the light burned dolomite are added for a plurality of times in the smelting process (300-500 Kg of lime each time, the light burned dolomite is properly added to improve the viscosity if the viscosity is too low according to the slag viscosity), after the furnace is electrified for 20-25 minutes, the first temperature measurement reaches 1550-1570 ℃, the furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to the high oxygen mode, the furnace door oxygen lances are electrified for 5 minutes, the second temperature measurement is 1605 ℃, the furnace wall oxygen lances are adjusted to a keeping mode, the furnace door oxygen lances are closed, and the steel is left for 8-12%wt after tapping. In the steel, the residual molten steel C content is 0.05-0.20 wt% and the P content is less than or equal to 0.015 wt%.
In the step (2), the weight of the metallized pellets, the light burned dolomite and the lime added for the second time is the same as that added for the first time.
In the step (2), the residual molten steel has C content of 0.05-0.20 wt% and P content of less than or equal to 0.015 wt%.
In the step (2), a rocking furnace system is adopted in the smelting process, and the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined towards the rear of the furnace in the earlier stage of smelting, so that slag flow is avoided; after the waste steel is completely melted in the oxidation period during smelting, the furnace body is corrected, so that slag naturally flows out of the furnace door; before tapping, the furnace body tilts forward to reduce the content of oxidizing slag in the furnace.
The alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the TFe content in the slag is 20-30 wt% and the MgO content is 8-10 wt%.
In the step (2), a rocking furnace system is adopted, and because of the use of metallized pellets, slag is thin and easy to flow out from a furnace door to cause steel running, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards in the earlier stage of smelting, and slag flowing is avoided; after smelting to an oxidation period (the steel scraps in the visual furnace are completely melted), the furnace body is straightened, the furnace slag naturally flows out from the furnace door, the alkalinity of the furnace slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the TFe content in the furnace slag is ensured to be 20-30% wt, the MgO content is 8-10% wt or more, and the influence of acid pellets on the furnace body is avoided; before tapping, the furnace body is tilted forward so as to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace and avoid the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is excessive in a short time after the metallized pellets are added into the next furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The metallized pellets are used as solid waste, and most enterprises are difficult to utilize. The invention utilizes the oxidizing property of the pellets and reduces partial power consumption and oxygen consumption.
(2) The method adopts a technical means different from the conventional operation in the electric arc furnace smelting, so that more than 4 tons of metallized pellets can be used for each furnace in the 100 ton electric arc furnace steelmaking process, and the purpose of digesting solid waste resources is achieved.
(3) The method is characterized in that on the basis of conventional raw materials of molten iron, scrap steel and pig iron, rotary hearth furnace metallized pellets are added into a furnace through a high-level bin, and light-burned dolomite and lime are added at the same time, so that the MgO content in slag is controlled to be more than 8% wt, and the influence of acid pellets on a furnace body is avoided.
(4) The method for using the metallized pellets of the rotary hearth furnace in the electric arc furnace can fully utilize the characteristics of rapid slagging of the pellets through the optimized steel retention amount, carbon distribution control, charging and slagging control, oxygen supply control, slag alkalinity control and the like, thereby realizing the purpose of stably digesting the metallized pellets in the electric arc furnace, reducing the steelmaking cost, reducing the electricity consumption by about 500-600Kwh and reducing the oxygen consumption by about 800-1000Nm 3 。
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
In some more specific embodiments, a method of using rotary hearth furnace metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace comprises the steps of:
(1) Adding 30-90 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) into an electric arc furnace, and immediately adding metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime from a high-level stock bin for the first time after closing a furnace cover; meanwhile, molten iron starts to be added into a furnace back chute to form a raw material for charging into the furnace, and the carbon content of the raw material for charging into the furnace is ensured to be more than 1.6%wt; ensuring that the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8%wt; (generally, the carbon content in molten iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in pig iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in common scrap steel is 0.1 percent by weight, the carbon content in metallized pellets is 2 to 12 percent by weight, according to the mass percent, pellets with different amounts are used according to different molten iron ratios, and if the molten iron ratio is too low, the carbon content can be controlled to be more than 1.6 percent by adding pig iron;
further, the compressive strength of the metallized pellets is 700N or more. Considering that the metallized pellets are subjected to mechanical actions such as collision, impact, extrusion, friction and the like after being loaded, unloaded, transported and piled for many times before entering an electric arc furnace for use, the compressive strength is required to be more than 700N so as to reduce the pulverization rate.
Further, in the metallized pellets, the TFe content was 60% wt on average, the M.Fe content was 48% wt on average, and the metallization rate was 80% wt on average.
Further, the length of the scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent by weight, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent by weight, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent by weight, and the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent by weight.
Further, the speed of molten iron blended into the furnace back chute is 10t/min.
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to electrify and pass through the well, and starts the furnace wall oxygen lance to blow oxygen (the furnace wall oxygen lance supplies oxygen to divide into a burner mode, a low oxygen mode, a medium oxygen mode, a high oxygen mode and a holding mode, and three furnace wall oxygen lances are all five modes), and the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted from the holding mode to the low oxygen mode; after the furnace is electrified for 3 minutes, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime with the same weight as the first time are added for the second time, the furnace door oxygen lances are put into the furnace according to a low oxygen mode (the furnace door oxygen lances are in a low oxygen mode and a high oxygen mode, the whole process adopts the low oxygen mode), the furnace wall oxygen lances # 2 and # 3 are adjusted to a medium oxygen mode, the furnace wall oxygen lances # 4 (the furnace door oxygen lances) still keep the low oxygen mode, lime and light burned dolomite are added for a plurality of times in the smelting process (300-500 Kg of lime each time, the light burned dolomite is properly added to improve the viscosity if the viscosity is too low according to the slag viscosity), after the furnace is electrified for 25 minutes, the furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to the high oxygen mode at 1550 ℃ for the first time, the furnace wall oxygen lances are electrified for 5 minutes again, the furnace wall oxygen lances are adjusted to the medium oxygen mode for the second time, the furnace wall oxygen lances are in the keeping mode, the furnace wall oxygen lances are closed, and the electric furnace steel is left for about 10 tons after the furnace steel is electrified for the second time. In the steel, the residual molten steel C content is 0.05-0.20 wt% and the P content is less than or equal to 0.015 wt%.
The furnace steel metallized pellet consumes 4020Kg, the light burned dolomite consumes 2100 tons, the lime consumes 2500Kg, the smelting time is 46 minutes, the electrifying time is 31 minutes, the electric furnace power consumption is 23960Kwh, the oxygen consumption is 3850Nm3, the tapping amount is 103.5 tons, and all indexes are normal.
In the step (2), a rocking furnace system is adopted, and because of the use of metallized pellets, slag is thin and easy to flow out from a furnace door to cause steel running, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards in the earlier stage of smelting, and slag flowing is avoided; after smelting to an oxidation period (the steel scraps in the visual furnace are completely melted), the furnace body is straightened, the furnace slag naturally flows out from the furnace door, the alkalinity of the furnace slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the TFe content in the furnace slag is ensured to be 20-30% wt, the MgO content is ensured to be more than 8-10% wt, and the influence of acid pellets on the furnace body is avoided; before tapping, the furnace body is tilted forward so as to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace and avoid the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is excessive in a short time after the metallized pellets are added into the next furnace.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail by examples below. However, the examples are chosen to illustrate the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for using rotary hearth furnace metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 76.7 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) is added into the electric arc furnace, and after the furnace cover is closed, 2000Kg of metallized pellets (TFe is 60%wt on average, M.Fe is 48%wt on average, and metallization rate is 80%wt on average), 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime are added from a high-level stock bin for the first time; meanwhile, the furnace back chute starts to mix 36.6 tons of molten iron, and the carbon content of the raw material fed into the furnace is ensured to be 1.6%wt;
the carbon content in the common molten iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in the pig iron is 4 percent by weight, the carbon content in the common scrap steel is 0.1 percent by weight, the carbon content in the metallized pellets is 2 to 12 percent by weight, according to the mass percent, pellets with different amounts are used according to different molten iron ratios, and if the molten iron ratio is too low, the carbon distribution amount can be controlled to be more than 1.6 percent by adding the pig iron; the length of the scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent by weight, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent by weight, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent by weight, and the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent by weight;
calculating the carbon blending amount: 76.7 tons of scrap steel and 0.2 percent of carbon content; 36.6 tons of molten iron and 4 percent of carbon content; 4 tons of pellets and 5 percent of carbon content.
Carbon content= (76.7×0.2% +36.6×4% +4×5%) = (76.7+36.6) =1.6%
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to be electrified for well penetration, and opens a furnace wall oxygen gun to blow oxygen, and the oxygen is adjusted from a holding mode to a low oxygen mode; after the furnace is electrified for 3 minutes, 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime are added for the second time, furnace door oxygen guns are put in according to a low oxygen mode, 2# furnace wall oxygen guns and 3# furnace wall oxygen guns are adjusted to a medium oxygen mode, 4# oxygen guns still keep the low oxygen mode, lime and light burned dolomite are added for a plurality of times and in a small amount in the smelting process, 300-500Kg of lime is added each time, after the furnace is electrified for 25 minutes, the temperature is measured for 1550 ℃ for the first time, three furnace wall oxygen guns are all adjusted to the high oxygen mode, the furnace wall oxygen guns are electrified for 5 minutes, the temperature is measured for 1605 ℃ for the second time, the furnace wall oxygen guns are adjusted to a keeping mode, the furnace door oxygen guns are closed, and the electric furnace remains about 10 tons after tapping. The furnace steel metallized pellet consumes 4020Kg, the light burned dolomite consumes 2100 tons, the lime consumes 2500Kg, the smelting time is 46 minutes, the electrifying time is 31 minutes, the electric furnace power consumption is 23960Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is 3850Nm 3 The tapping amount is 103.5 tons, and each index is normal.
In the step (2), a rocking furnace system is adopted, and because of the use of metallized pellets, slag is thin and easy to flow out from a furnace door to cause steel running, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards in the earlier stage of smelting, and slag flowing is avoided; after smelting to an oxidation period (the scrap steel in the visual furnace is completely melted), the furnace body is straightened, so that slag naturally flows out from the furnace door, the alkalinity of the slag is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, and the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8%wt; before tapping, the furnace body is tilted forward so as to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace and avoid the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is excessive in a short time after the metallized pellets are added into the next furnace.
Comparative example 1
The difference between this comparative example and example 1 is that: the metallized pellets are not added, but scrap steel, molten iron, light burned dolomite and lime are put into an electric arc furnace, so that the carbon content of raw materials fed into the furnace is 1.6 percent by weight; the metallized pellets are not added for the second time, but the light burned dolomite and lime are added. Other preparation procedures were the same as in example 1.
The results show that: under the same conditions, the steel tapping time of example 1 using the metallized pellets was substantially the same as that of comparative example 1 without using the metallized pellets, and the power consumption of example 1 using the metallized pellets was reduced by about 500Kwh and the oxygen consumption was reduced by about 800Nm 3 . The quality of molten steel is normal.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for using rotary hearth furnace metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 64.0 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) into an electric arc furnace, and immediately adding 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime from a high-level bin after closing a furnace cover; meanwhile, the molten iron is added into a chute behind the furnace for 49.4 tons, so that the carbon content of the raw material fed into the furnace is ensured to be 2.0%wt; the length of the scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent by weight, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent by weight, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent by weight, and the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent by weight;
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to be electrified for well penetration, and opens a furnace wall oxygen gun to blow oxygen, and the oxygen is adjusted from a holding mode to a low oxygen mode; after the furnace is electrified for 3 minutes, 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime are added for the second time, furnace door oxygen guns are put in a low oxygen mode, 2# furnace wall oxygen guns and 3# furnace wall oxygen guns are adjusted to a medium oxygen mode, 4# oxygen guns still keep the low oxygen mode, after the furnace is electrified for 6 minutes, 1500Kg of metallized pellets, 520Kg of light burned dolomite and 300Kg of lime are added for the third time, small amounts of lime and light burned dolomite are added for many times in the smelting process, after the furnace is electrified for 22 minutes, the temperature is measured for 1562 ℃ for the first time, three furnace wall oxygen guns are all adjusted to a high oxygen mode, the furnace door oxygen guns are electrified for 4.5 minutes, the temperature is measured for 1601 ℃ for the second time, the power is cut off, the furnace wall oxygen guns are adjusted to a holding mode, and the furnace door oxygen guns are closed, and the electric furnace is left for about 10 tons after tapping.
The furnace steel metallized pellet consumes 5500Kg, the light burned dolomite consumes 2210 ton, the lime consumes 2035Kg, the smelting time is 48 minutes, the electrifying time is 28.5 minutes, the electric furnace power consumption is 20800Kwh, the oxygen consumption is 3780Nm3, the tapping amount is 104.3 tons, and various indexes are normal.
Comparative example 2
The difference between this comparative example and example 2 is that: the metallized pellets are not added, but scrap steel, molten iron, light burned dolomite and lime are put into an electric arc furnace, so that the carbon content of the raw materials fed into the furnace is 2.0 percent by weight; the metallized pellets are not added for the second time, but the light burned dolomite and lime are added. Other preparation procedures were the same as in example 2.
The results show that: under the same conditions, the steel tapping time of the example 2 using the metallized pellets is substantially the same as that of the comparative example 2 without using the metallized pellets, the electricity consumption of the example 2 using the metallized pellets is reduced by about 600Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is reduced by about 1000Nm 3 . The quality of molten steel is normal.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method of using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding scrap steel into an electric arc furnace, closing a furnace cover, and immediately adding metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime from a high-level stock bin for the first time; meanwhile, molten iron starts to be added into a furnace back chute to form a raw material for charging into the furnace, and the carbon content of the raw material for charging into the furnace is ensured to be more than 1.6%wt;
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to be electrified for well penetration, and opens a furnace wall oxygen gun to blow oxygen, and the oxygen is adjusted from a holding mode to a low oxygen mode; after electrifying for 2-4 minutes, adding metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime for the second time; the furnace door oxygen lance is in a hypoxia mode, the furnace wall oxygen lance is in a hypoxia mode or a medium oxygen mode, smelting is started, after 20-25 minutes of power on, the first temperature measurement is carried out to 1550-1570 ℃, three furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to a high oxygen mode, the power on is carried out for 4-6 minutes, the second temperature measurement is carried out to 1600 ℃ or above, the power off is carried out, the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted to a holding mode, the furnace door oxygen lance is closed, the smelting process is completed, lime and light dolomite are added for a plurality of times in the smelting process, and the electric furnace leaves 8-12% of steel after tapping.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), 30 to 90 tons of scrap is added to the 100 ton electric arc furnace.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the compressive strength of the metallized pellets is 700N or more and the speed of charging molten iron into the furnace chute is 10t/min.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (1), the metallized pellets have an average TFe content of 60% wt and an average m.fe content of 48% wt.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the length of the scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in the molten iron is more than or equal to 5% wt, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7% wt, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13% wt, and the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005% wt.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein in step (2), the weight of the metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime added for the second time is the same as the weight added for the first time, respectively; in the whole using method of the step (1) and the step (2), the total addition amount of scrap steel, molten iron, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime is carried out according to the following proportion: 60-80 tons of scrap steel, 30-70 tons of molten iron, 4000-6000Kg of metallized pellets, 2000-2300Kg of light burned dolomite and 2000-3000Kg of lime.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the residual molten steel has a C content of 0.05 to 0.20% by weight and a P content of 0.015% by weight or less.
8. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a rocking furnace system is adopted in the smelting process, and the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards in the earlier stage of smelting, so that slag flow is avoided; after the waste steel is completely melted in the oxidation period during smelting, the furnace body is corrected, so that slag naturally flows out of the furnace door; before tapping, the furnace body tilts forward to reduce the content of oxidizing slag in the furnace.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the alkalinity of the slag is controlled between 2.0 and 2.5, TFe content in the slag is 20-30% wt, mgO content is 8-10% wt.
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| CN202211118483.6A CN115305310B (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Use method of metallized pellet in electric arc furnace |
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| CN202211118483.6A CN115305310B (en) | 2022-09-13 | 2022-09-13 | Use method of metallized pellet in electric arc furnace |
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