CN115305310A - Method for using metallized pellets in electric arc furnace - Google Patents
Method for using metallized pellets in electric arc furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN115305310A CN115305310A CN202211118483.6A CN202211118483A CN115305310A CN 115305310 A CN115305310 A CN 115305310A CN 202211118483 A CN202211118483 A CN 202211118483A CN 115305310 A CN115305310 A CN 115305310A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace. In the smelting of the electric arc furnace, on the basis of conventional raw materials of molten iron, scrap steel and pig iron, the method fully utilizes the characteristic of rapid slagging of pellets, adds the metallized pellets in the rotary hearth furnace, simultaneously adds light-burned dolomite and lime, and realizes the purpose of stably digesting and using the metallized pellets in the electric arc furnace through the optimized steel retention amount, carbon distribution control, charging and slagging control, oxygen supply control and slag alkalinity control, so that the metallized pellets are used for more than 4 tons in each furnace to achieve the purpose of digesting and fixing waste resources, the steelmaking cost is also reduced, the power consumption of each furnace is reduced by about 500-600Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is reduced by about 800-1000Nm 3 。
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of smelting, and particularly relates to a method for using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace.
Background
With the increasing environmental requirements, each large iron and steel plant adopts the rotary hearth furnace process to treat the dust and waste generated in the plant, and the rotary hearth furnace undertakes important environmental protection tasks of comprehensive treatment and recycling of zinc-containing dust and sludge in the iron and steel enterprise, and no factory leaving of hazardous waste and the like. The main products after the treatment of the rotary hearth furnace are zinc oxide powder and metallized pellets. The zinc oxide powder can be used for preparing zinc by external sale, and the metallized pellets are mainly digested inside a steel plant.
Conventional electric arc furnaceThe main raw materials comprise: molten iron, scrap, pig iron, etc., while the use of metallized pellets in electric arc furnaces has been rarely reported. The use condition of the metallized pellets in each steel mill is not ideal, and based on the component content of the metallized pellets in the table 1, the content of the total gangue (SiO 2+ CaO + MgO + Al2O3, etc.) in the pellets is high, and the average value is about 28%; binary basicity (CaO/SiO) of metallized pellets 2 ) The average value is 0.6, the acidity is presented, and the requirement of binary alkalinity (binary alkalinity) of an electric arc furnace is not met>2.0 ); the pellet density is actually measured to be 3.3g/cm 3 Lower than that of molten steel and slag (the density of the raw material in the electric arc furnace is generally 7 g/cm) 3 Above) and easily floats on the molten steel after being mixed with the molten steel. The above characteristics of the metallized pellet are important factors for the limited use of the metallized pellet in electric arc furnace steel making, and thus there is a need to solve the technical problem of steel making using the metallized pellet in the electric arc furnace.
TABLE 1 composition of metallized pellets produced by rotary hearth furnace in steel works
In view of this, this patent is filed.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, and the method adopts a technical means different from the conventional operation in the electric arc furnace smelting process, so that more than 4 tons of metallized pellets can be used in each furnace in the 100-ton electric arc furnace steelmaking process, thereby achieving the purpose of digesting solid waste resources.
The invention aims to provide a method for using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace.
A method of using metallized pellets according to an embodiment of the invention in an electric arc furnace, comprising the steps of:
(1) Adding 30-90 tons of scrap steel into the electric arc furnace, and immediately adding metallized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime from a high-position bin for the first time after a furnace cover is closed; meanwhile, molten iron is added into the furnace rear chute to form a furnace raw material, and the carbon content of the furnace raw material is ensured to be more than 1.6 percent by weight; ensuring that the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8 wt%;
(2) The electric arc furnace is electrified to penetrate the well, and an oxygen lance on the furnace wall is started to blow oxygen, and the mode is adjusted from a maintaining mode to a low oxygen mode; after electrifying for 2-4 minutes, adding metallized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime for the second time; the furnace door oxygen lance is in a low-oxygen mode, the furnace wall oxygen lance is in a low-oxygen mode or a medium-oxygen mode, smelting is started, after the furnace is electrified for 20-25 minutes, the temperature is measured for the first time to 1550-1570 ℃, the three furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to a high-oxygen mode and are electrified for 4-6 minutes, the temperature is measured for the second time to more than 1600 ℃, power is cut off, the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted to a keeping mode, the furnace door oxygen lance is closed, the smelting process is completed, lime and light-burned dolomite are added in small quantities for multiple times in the smelting process, and steel is retained in the electric furnace after tapping by 8-12 wt%.
The slag is a product smelted by an electric arc furnace, mainly comprises the steps of oxidizing elements such as Si, mn, al and the like in waste steel and molten iron, combining the oxidized elements with lime, dolomite and the like to form the slag, has lighter density than molten steel, and floats on the molten steel.
Furthermore, in the step (1), 30 to 90 tons of scrap steel is added into the 100 tons of electric arc furnace.
In the step (1), 30-90 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) is added into an electric arc furnace, and after a furnace cover is closed, metallized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime are added into the electric arc furnace for the first time from a high-position bin; simultaneously, the furnace rear chute starts to add molten iron to form furnace charging raw materials, and ensures that the carbon content of the furnace charging raw materials is more than 1.6 percent by weight; (generally, the carbon content in molten iron is 4% by weight, the carbon content in pig iron is 4% by weight, the carbon content in ordinary scrap is 0.1% by weight, the carbon content of metallized pellets is 2-12% by weight, the carbon content of the pellets is calculated by mass percentage, different amounts of pellets are used according to different molten iron ratios, and if the molten iron ratio is too low, the carbon content can be controlled to 1.6% by weight or more by adding pig iron);
further, in the whole using method of the step (1) and the step (2), the total adding amount of the scrap steel, the molten iron, the metallized pellets, the light-burned dolomite and the lime is carried out according to the following proportion: 60-80 tons of scrap steel, 30-70 tons of molten iron, 4000-6000Kg of metallized pellets, 2000-2300 tons of light-burned dolomite and 2000-3000Kg of lime.
Furthermore, the compressive strength of the metallized pellet is more than 700N. Considering that before the metallized pellet enters an electric arc furnace for use, the metallized pellet can be subjected to mechanical actions such as collision, impact, extrusion, friction and the like through repeated loading, unloading, transferring and stacking, and the compressive strength needs to be more than 700N so as to reduce the pulverization rate.
Further, the metalized pellet had an average TFe content of 60% wt, an average M.Fe content of 48% wt, and an average metallization of 80% wt.
Further, the length of the scrap is less than or equal to 1 meter, the C content in the molten iron is more than or equal to 5% wt, the Si content is less than or equal to 0.7% wt, the P content is less than or equal to 0.13% wt, the S content is less than or equal to 0.005% wt.
Further, the speed of pouring molten iron into the chute behind the furnace is 10t/min.
In the step (2), the electric arc furnace is electrified to penetrate the well, and furnace wall oxygen lances are started to blow oxygen (the furnace wall oxygen lances are in an oxygen-division burner mode, a low-oxygen mode, a medium-oxygen mode, a high-oxygen mode and a holding mode, wherein the total of five modes is three, and the furnace wall oxygen lances are adjusted to the low-oxygen mode from the holding mode; after electrifying for 3 minutes, adding the metalized pellets, light burned dolomite and lime with the same weight as the first time for the second time, putting the furnace door oxygen lance into the furnace door oxygen lance according to a low oxygen mode (the oxygen supply of the furnace door oxygen lance is divided into a low oxygen mode and a high oxygen mode, and the whole process adopts the low oxygen mode), adjusting the 2# furnace wall oxygen lance and the 3# furnace wall oxygen lance into a medium oxygen mode, keeping the 4# furnace wall oxygen lance in the low oxygen mode, adding lime and light burned dolomite (300-500 Kg lime each time according to the viscosity of the slag and adding the light burned dolomite properly to improve the viscosity if the viscosity is too low) for a plurality of times in the smelting process, after electrifying for 20-25 minutes, measuring the temperature for the first time to 1550-1570 ℃, adjusting the three furnace wall oxygen lances into the high oxygen mode, electrifying for 5 minutes, measuring the temperature for the second time to 1605 ℃, cutting off the power, adjusting the oxygen lances into the keeping mode, closing the furnace door oxygen lance, and keeping the steel for 8-12 wt% of the electric furnace after tapping. Residual molten steel C content 0.05-0.20% wt, P content ≦ 0.015% wt.
In the step (2), the weight of the metallized pellets, the light burned dolomite and the lime added for the second time is respectively the same as that added for the first time.
In step (2), the remaining steel has a C content of 0.05-0.20% by weight, a P content of not more than 0.015% by weight.
In the step (2), a furnace swinging system is adopted in the smelting process, and in the earlier stage of smelting, the furnace body of an electric arc furnace is inclined backwards to the furnace, so that slag flowing is avoided; after the scrap steel is completely melted in the oxidation period, the furnace body returns to the normal state, and the furnace slag naturally flows out of the furnace door; before tapping, the furnace body is inclined forward to reduce the content of oxidizing slag in the furnace.
The slag basicity is controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the content of TFe in the slag is 20-30% by weight, the MgO content is 8-10% by weight.
In the step (2), a furnace rocking system is adopted, and because the metallized pellets are used, the slag is slightly thin and easily flows out of a furnace door to cause steel leakage, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards to the furnace in the earlier stage of smelting to avoid slag leakage; after the smelting is completed to the oxidation stage (visual observation that the scrap steel in the furnace is completely melted), the furnace body is returned to normal, the slag is allowed to naturally flow out from the furnace door, the slag basicity is ensured to be controlled to 2.0 to 2.5, the TFe content in the slag is ensured to be 20 to 30 wt%, the MgO content is 8 to 10 wt% or more, the influence of the acid pellets on the furnace body is avoided; before tapping, the furnace body tilts forward to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace, and the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is too much in a short time after the next furnace is added with the metallized pellets is avoided.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The metallized pellet is used as solid waste and is difficult to utilize by most enterprises. The invention utilizes the oxidability of the pellets, and reduces partial power consumption and oxygen consumption.
(2) The method adopts a technical means different from the conventional operation in the electric arc furnace smelting, so that more than 4 tons of metallized pellets can be used in each furnace in the 100-ton electric arc furnace steelmaking process, thereby achieving the purpose of digesting solid waste resources.
(3) The method ensures that the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8 percent by weight by adding the metallized pellets of the rotary hearth furnace through the overhead bunker in the furnace on the basis of the conventional raw materials of molten iron, scrap steel and pig iron and simultaneously adding the light-burned dolomite and lime, thereby avoiding the influence of the acidic pellets on the furnace body.
(4) The metallized pellet of the rotary hearth furnace is in an electric arcThe use method in the furnace can fully utilize the rapid slagging characteristic of the pellets by optimizing the steel retention, carbon distribution control, charging and slagging control, oxygen supply control, slag alkalinity control and the like, thereby realizing the purpose of stably digesting and using the metallized pellets in the electric arc furnace, reducing the steelmaking cost, reducing the power consumption by about 500-600Kwh and reducing the oxygen consumption by about 800-1000Nm 3 。
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without any inventive step, are within the scope of the present invention.
In some more specific embodiments, the method of using the rotary hearth furnace metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace comprises the steps of:
(1) Adding 30-90 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) into the electric arc furnace, and immediately adding metallized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime from an overhead bunker for the first time after a furnace cover is closed; meanwhile, molten iron is added into the furnace rear chute to form a furnace raw material, and the carbon content of the furnace raw material is ensured to be more than 1.6 percent by weight; ensuring that the MgO content in the slag is controlled to be more than 8 wt%; (general iron contents of 4% by weight, pig iron contents of 4% by weight, general scrap contents of 0.1% by weight, metallized pellets of 2-12% by weight, using different amounts of pellets according to different iron contents, calculated as mass percentages, and if the iron contents are too low, the carbon contents can be controlled to 1.6% by adding pig iron or more);
furthermore, the compressive strength of the metallized pellet is more than 700N. Considering that before the metallized pellet enters an electric arc furnace for use, the metallized pellet can be subjected to mechanical actions such as collision, impact, extrusion, friction and the like after being repeatedly loaded, unloaded, transported and stacked, and the compressive strength needs to be more than 700N so as to reduce the pulverization rate.
Further, in said metallized pellets, the TFe content is on average 60% wt, the M.Fe content is on average 48% wt, the metallization is on average 80% wt.
Further, the length of said scrap is not more than 1 m, the content of C in the molten iron is not less than 5% by weight, the content of Si is not more than 0.7% by weight, the content of P is not more than 0.13% by weight, the content of S is not more than 0.005% by weight.
Further, the speed of pouring molten iron into the chute behind the furnace is 10t/min.
(2) The electric arc furnace starts to be electrified and penetrates a well, and the furnace wall oxygen lance is started to blow oxygen (the furnace wall oxygen lance is used for supplying oxygen to a burner nozzle mode, a low oxygen mode, a medium oxygen mode, a high oxygen mode and a holding mode, the total of five modes and the total of three furnace wall oxygen lances), and the holding mode is adjusted to be the low oxygen mode; after electrifying for 3 minutes, adding metalized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime with the same weight as the metalized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime for the first time for the second time, putting the furnace door oxygen lance into a low-oxygen mode (the furnace door oxygen lance supplies oxygen to be divided into a low-oxygen mode and a high-oxygen mode, and adopting the low-oxygen mode in the whole process), adjusting the furnace wall oxygen lances 2# and 3# into a medium-oxygen mode, still keeping the 4# oxygen lance (the furnace door oxygen lance) in the low-oxygen mode, adding lime and light-burned dolomite (300-500 Kg lime each time, properly adding the light-burned dolomite according to the viscosity of the slag, and the viscosity is increased when the viscosity is too low) for a plurality of times in the smelting process, measuring the temperature for the first time at 1550 ℃, adjusting the three furnace walls into the high-oxygen mode, electrifying for 5 minutes, measuring the second time at 1605 ℃, cutting off the power, adjusting the furnace wall of the oxygen lances into the keeping mode, closing the furnace door oxygen lances, and keeping about 10 tons of steel in the electric furnace after tapping. Residual molten steel C content 0.05-0.20% wt, P content ≦ 0.015% wt.
The furnace steel metallized pellet consumes 4020Kg, light burned dolomite consumes 2100 tons, lime consumes 2500Kg, the smelting time is 46 minutes, the electrifying time is 31 minutes, the electric furnace consumes 23960Kwh, the oxygen consumes 3850Nm3, the steel tapping amount is 103.5 tons, and all indexes are normal.
In the step (2), a furnace rocking system is adopted, and because the metallized pellets are used, the slag is slightly thin and easily flows out of a furnace door to cause steel leakage, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards to the furnace in the earlier stage of smelting to avoid slag leakage; after smelting to an oxidation period (the waste steel in the furnace is completely melted by visual observation), the furnace body is aligned, the slag naturally flows out of the furnace door, the alkalinity of the slag is ensured to be controlled to be 2.0-2.5, the TFe content in the slag is ensured to be 20-30 wt%, and the MgO content is ensured to be more than 8-10 wt%, so that the influence of acid pellets on the furnace body is avoided; before tapping, the furnace body tilts forward to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace, and the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is too much in a short time after the next furnace is added with the metallized pellets is avoided.
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples. However, the examples are chosen only for the purpose of illustrating the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a use method of metallized pellets of a rotary hearth furnace in an electric arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 76.7 tons of scrap (main raw material) was added to the electric arc furnace, and immediately after closing the furnace lid, 2000Kg of metallized pellets (TFe average 60 wt%, M.Fe average 48 wt%, metallization average 80 wt%), 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime were added for the first time from the overhead bunker; meanwhile, the chute at the back of the furnace starts to add 36.6 tons of molten iron, so that the carbon content of the raw materials entering the furnace is ensured to be 1.6 percent;
general molten iron carbon content of 4 wt%, pig iron carbon content of 4 wt%, general scrap carbon content of 0.1 wt%, metallized pellet carbon content of 2-12 wt%, using different amounts of pellets according to different molten iron ratios, calculated as mass%, and if the molten iron ratio is too low, controlling the carbon content to 1.6 wt% or more by adding pig iron; the length of scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent;
and (3) calculating the carbon blending amount: 76.7 tons of scrap steel with 0.2 percent of carbon content; 36.6 tons of molten iron with 4 percent of carbon content; the pellet is 4 tons, and the carbon content is 5 percent.
Carbon content = (76.7 × 0.2% +36.6 × 4% +4 × 5%) + 76.7+ 36.6) =1.6%
(2) The electric arc furnace is electrified to penetrate the well, and an oxygen lance on the furnace wall is started to blow oxygen, and the mode is adjusted from a maintaining mode to a low oxygen mode; after electrifying for 3 minutes, adding 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light-burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime for the second time, putting the furnace door oxygen lance in a low oxygen mode, adjusting the 2# and 3# furnace wall oxygen lances to a medium oxygen mode, and keeping the 4# oxygen lance still in a low oxygen modeIn the mode, lime and light-burned dolomite are added in small amount for many times in the smelting process, 300-500Kg lime is added each time, after electrifying for 25 minutes, the temperature is measured for the first time at 1550 ℃, three furnace wall oxygen guns are all adjusted to be in a high-oxygen mode, electrifying is conducted for 5 minutes, the temperature is measured for the second time at 1605 ℃, power is cut off, the furnace wall oxygen guns are adjusted to be in a keeping mode, oxygen of the furnace wall oxygen guns are closed, and about 10 tons of steel are left in the electric furnace after tapping. The consumption of the furnace steel metallized pellet is 4020Kg, the consumption of light burned dolomite is 2100 tons, the consumption of lime is 2500Kg, the smelting time is 46 minutes, the electrifying time is 31 minutes, the power consumption of an electric furnace is 23960Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is 3850Nm 3 The steel tapping amount is 103.5 tons, and all indexes are normal.
In the step (2), a furnace rocking system is adopted, and because the metallized pellets are used, the slag is slightly thin and easily flows out of a furnace door to cause steel leakage, so that the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards to the furnace in the earlier stage of smelting to avoid slag leakage; after the smelting reaches the oxidation period (the waste steel in the furnace is completely melted by visual inspection), the furnace body is aligned, the furnace slag naturally flows out of the furnace door, the alkalinity of the furnace slag is ensured to be controlled to be 2.0-2.5, and the MgO content in the furnace slag is ensured to be controlled to be more than 8 percent by weight; before tapping, the furnace body tilts forward to further reduce the oxidizing slag in the furnace, and the condition that the FeO content in the furnace is too much in a short time after the next furnace is added with the metallized pellets is avoided.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the waste steel, the molten iron, the light-burned dolomite and the lime are put into an electric arc furnace without adding the metallized pellets, so that the carbon content of the raw materials fed into the furnace is 1.6 percent by weight; the metallized pellets are not added for the second time, but only the light-burned dolomite and the lime are added. The other preparation process was the same as in example 1.
The results show that: under the same conditions, compared with the heat index of the comparative example 1 without using the metallized pellet, the tapping time of the example 1 using the metallized pellet is basically the same, the power consumption is reduced by about 500Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is reduced by about 800Nm 3 . The quality of the molten steel is normal.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a use method of metallized pellets of a rotary hearth furnace in an electric arc furnace, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding 64.0 tons of scrap steel (main raw material) into an electric arc furnace, and immediately adding 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light-burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime from a high-level bunker after a furnace cover is closed; meanwhile, the chute at the back of the furnace starts to add 49.4 tons of molten iron, so that the carbon content of the raw materials entering the furnace is guaranteed to be 2.0 percent; the length of scrap steel is less than or equal to 1 meter, the content of C in molten iron is more than or equal to 5 percent, the content of Si is less than or equal to 0.7 percent, the content of P is less than or equal to 0.13 percent, the content of S is less than or equal to 0.005 percent;
(2) The electric arc furnace is electrified to penetrate the well, and an oxygen lance on the furnace wall is started to blow oxygen, and the mode is adjusted from a maintaining mode to a low oxygen mode; electrifying for 3 minutes, adding 2000Kg of metallized pellets, 700Kg of light burned dolomite and 400Kg of lime for the second time, putting the furnace door oxygen lance in a low oxygen mode, adjusting the furnace wall oxygen lances 2# and 3# into a medium oxygen mode, still keeping the 4# oxygen lance in the low oxygen mode, electrifying for 6 minutes, adding 1500Kg of metallized pellets, 520Kg of light burned dolomite and 300Kg of lime for the third time, adding lime and light burned dolomite in small quantities for multiple times in the smelting process, electrifying for 22 minutes, measuring temperature for the first time at 1562 ℃, adjusting the furnace wall oxygen lances all in a high oxygen mode, electrifying for 4.5 minutes, measuring temperature for the second time at 1601 ℃, cutting off power, adjusting the furnace wall oxygen lances into a keeping mode, closing the oxygen lances, and leaving about 10 tons of steel for the electric furnace after tapping.
The furnace steel metallized pellet consumes 5500Kg, 2210 tons of light burned dolomite, 2035Kg of lime, 48 minutes of smelting time, 28.5 minutes of electrifying time, 20800Kwh of electric furnace power consumption, 3780Nm3 of oxygen consumption and 104.3 tons of steel tapping, and all indexes are normal.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 2 in that: the waste steel, the molten iron, the light-burned dolomite and the lime are put into an electric arc furnace without adding the metallized pellets, so that the carbon content of the raw materials fed into the furnace is 2.0 percent by weight; the metallized pellets are not added in the second time, but the light-burned dolomite and the lime are added. The other preparation process was the same as in example 2.
The results show that: under the same conditions, compared with the heat index of the comparative example 2 without using the metallized pellets, the tapping time of the example 2 using the metallized pellets is basically the same, the power consumption is reduced by about 600Kwh, and the oxygen consumption is reduced by about 1000Nm 3 . The quality of the molten steel is normal.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and all the changes or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of using metallized pellets in an electric arc furnace, characterized in that the method of use comprises the steps of:
(1) Adding scrap steel into the electric arc furnace, immediately adding metallized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime from a high-position bin for the first time after a furnace cover is closed; simultaneously, the furnace rear chute starts to add molten iron to form furnace charging raw materials, and ensures that the carbon content of the furnace charging raw materials is more than 1.6 percent by weight;
(2) Electrifying the electric arc furnace to penetrate the well, and blowing oxygen; and after electrifying for 2-4 minutes, adding the metallized pellet, the light-burned dolomite and the lime for the second time, starting smelting, after electrifying for 20-25 minutes, carrying out the first temperature measurement to 1550-1570 ℃, electrifying for 4-6 minutes, carrying out the second temperature measurement to more than 1600 ℃, cutting off power, closing oxygen, completing the smelting process, adding the lime and the light-burned dolomite in small quantities for multiple times in the smelting process, and leaving steel in the electric furnace after tapping for 8-12 wt percent.
2. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the scrap steel is added in an amount of 30 to 90 tons per 100 tons of the electric arc furnace.
3. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the compression strength of the metallized pellet is above 700N, and the molten iron pouring speed of the furnace rear chute is 10t/min.
4. The use of the method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step (1), the TFe content of the metallized pellets is on average 60% wt, the M.Fe content is on average 48% wt.
5. The use of the process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the scrap has a length of 1 m or less, the molten iron has a C content of 5% or more, a Si content of 0.7% or less, a P content of 0.13% or less, an S content of 0.005% or less.
6. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the electric arc furnace is electrified to penetrate the well, and the furnace wall oxygen lance is started to blow oxygen, so that the maintenance mode is adjusted to the low-oxygen mode; after electrifying for 2-4 minutes, adding metallized pellets, light-burned dolomite and lime for the second time; the furnace door oxygen lance is in a low-oxygen mode, the furnace wall oxygen lance is in a low-oxygen mode or a medium-oxygen mode, smelting is started, after the furnace is electrified for 20-25 minutes, the temperature is measured for the first time to 1550-1570 ℃, the three furnace wall oxygen lances are all adjusted to be in a high-oxygen mode, the furnace is electrified for 4-6 minutes, the temperature is measured for the second time to be more than 1600 ℃, power is cut off, the furnace wall oxygen lance is adjusted to be in a maintaining mode, the furnace door oxygen lance is closed, the smelting process is completed, lime and light burned dolomite are added for a plurality of times in a small amount in the smelting process, and steel is retained in the electric furnace after steel tapping by 8-12 wt%.
7. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the weight of the second addition of the metallized pellets, the light burned dolomite and the lime is respectively the same as that of the first addition; in the whole using method of the step (1) and the step (2), the total adding amount of the scrap steel, the molten iron, the metallized pellets, the light-burned dolomite and the lime is carried out according to the following proportion: 60-80 tons of scrap steel, 30-70 tons of molten iron, 4000-6000Kg of metallized pellets, 2000-2300 tons of light-burned dolomite and 2000-3000Kg of lime.
8. The use method according to claim 1, wherein, in the step (2), the C content of the residual molten steel in the residual steel is 0.05-0.20% by weight, the P content is less than or equal to 0.015% by weight.
9. The use method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), a furnace shaking system is adopted in the smelting process, and in the early stage of smelting, the furnace body of the electric arc furnace is inclined backwards to the furnace to avoid slag flowing; after the scrap steel is completely melted in the oxidation period of smelting, the furnace body returns to the normal state, and the furnace slag naturally flows out of the furnace door; before tapping, the furnace body is inclined forward to reduce the content of oxidizing slag in the furnace.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the slag basicity is controlled to be in the range of 2.0-2.5, the content of TFe in the slag is 20-30% by weight, the MgO content is 8-10% by weight.
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