CN115305309B - Electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization - Google Patents
Electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization Download PDFInfo
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- CN115305309B CN115305309B CN202211030778.8A CN202211030778A CN115305309B CN 115305309 B CN115305309 B CN 115305309B CN 202211030778 A CN202211030778 A CN 202211030778A CN 115305309 B CN115305309 B CN 115305309B
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- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910000677 High-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000005261 decarburization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 3
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001417490 Sillaginidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005262 decarbonization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004886 process control Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004904 shortening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/52—Manufacture of steel in electric furnaces
- C21C5/527—Charging of the electric furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon Steel Or Casting Steel Manufacturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization, and belongs to the technical field of electric furnace steelmaking. In the electric furnace smelting process, pure oxygen is introduced into the furnace for smelting, mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen and argon is introduced into the furnace after the smelting period, and the pure oxygen is introduced again after the last 1-2 minutes of blowing. According to the invention, through the optimized control of the converting gas in the electric furnace smelting process, the C removal can be slowed down, the C removal reaction rate is reduced, the contradiction between dephosphorization and carbon retention of the electric furnace is effectively solved, and the requirement of partial high-quality medium-high carbon steel on high carbon retention of crude steelmaking water is further met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of electric furnace steelmaking, and particularly relates to a smelting method for improving the carbon content of terminal molten steel of an electric furnace and reducing the terminal phosphorus content.
Background
Electric furnace steelmaking is widely applied to the production process flow of special steel products due to the excellent endpoint temperature, carbon and phosphorus control capability. For some high quality steels such as bearings, springs and gears, it is often desirable for the end point carbon content of the electric furnace to be greater than 0.20% and even higher from the standpoint of inclusion control in the steel. In addition, the higher the end point carbon content of the electric furnace is, the consumption of steel materials can be effectively reduced, the consumption of molten steel deoxidizer is reduced, the yield of alloying elements is improved, and the cost and the efficiency can be obviously reduced. For electric furnaces and converters, according to basic conditions such as initial molten iron, scrap steel and the like, in order to achieve proper final slag components, final molten steel temperature and carbon content, the required slag forming material addition amount and oxygen blowing amount can be calculated based on conservation of heat and conservation of materials so as to achieve the final point. However, considering only meeting the terminal temperature and the carbon content requirement of the molten steel is far from sufficient because the decarburization reaction rate greatly affects the dephosphorization reaction. The high carbon retention at the end point of the electric furnace is the same as that of a converter, and is unfavorable for dephosphorization of molten steel, because the high carbon retention shortens the time of the middle period before smelting, the dephosphorization time is shortened, meanwhile, because the carbon content in the molten steel is higher, the activity oxygen in the molten steel is higher in the later period of smelting, and meanwhile, the temperature of the molten steel is higher, and the later dephosphorization is difficult.
Aiming at the problem, the converter is mainly used for strengthening the preliminary and medium-term deoxidation dephosphorization reaction, and the converter can reach the conditions of high carbon retention and low phosphorus at the end point under the condition of good bottom blowing and sublance and reasonable molten iron charging condition and normal blowing process. However, for the electric furnace, the basic thinking is that the long smelting period, high lime consumption and high steel consumption have great influence on production efficiency and cost, meanwhile, the electric furnace cannot be like a converter, the electric furnace has no bottom blowing, and the high-flow top blowing oxygen lance has relatively poor dephosphorization kinetics in the smelting process.
Aiming at the dephosphorization and carbon retention problems in the electric furnace smelting process, the related patents and documents mainly searched are as follows: an electric furnace steelmaking dephosphorization method (CN 102251072A), an electric furnace deslagging dephosphorization method (CN 101619377A), an electric furnace lime powder injection dephosphorization method (CN 112301184A), researches and applications of a 60t electric furnace carbon retention control process, analysis of component control of spring steel produced by EAF, carbon retention operation technology of electric furnace hot charging molten iron smelting, 70t electric furnace 82B process practice and the like. However, the above prior art mainly has the following problems:
1) The prior art scheme mainly solves the dephosphorization problem, such as slag-leaving and slag-discharging operation, mainly provides good thermodynamic conditions for dephosphorization, and does not describe the carbon-leaving operation in detail;
2) Although dephosphorization and carbon retention can be achieved by the disclosed slag blowing process, in terms of dynamics, slag blowing operation is adopted under the condition of an electric furnace without bottom blowing, decarburization reaction is basically not carried out on molten steel at the lower part in the electric furnace, dephosphorization dynamic conditions of molten steel at the middle part and the lower part in the electric furnace are poor, and the operation can definitely increase the smelting period of the electric furnace and reduce the production efficiency;
3) The bottom blowing electric furnace is adopted, the stirring of a molten pool is enhanced by the bottom blowing gas through process control, dephosphorization and carbon retention can be really and effectively achieved, but the maintenance difficulty of a bottom blowing element of the electric furnace is very high compared with that of a converter, because the bottom blowing electric furnace is free from slag splashing and furnace protection, the service life of the bottom blowing electric furnace is far lower than that of the converter, and the bottom blowing cost of the electric furnace is higher.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to overcome the defect that the existing electric furnace smelting process is difficult to effectively solve the contradiction between dephosphorization and carbon retention, and provides an electric furnace smelting method for carbon retention dephosphorization. According to the invention, the electric furnace converting process is optimized, so that the requirement of the end phosphorus content of the electric furnace is met, and meanwhile, the high content of carbon in the molten steel is still reserved, and the smelting period of the electric furnace is not influenced, so that the smelting requirement of part of high-quality medium-high carbon steel is met.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
in the electric furnace smelting process, pure oxygen is introduced into the furnace for smelting, mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen and argon is introduced into the furnace after the smelting period, and the pure oxygen is introduced again after the last 1-2 minutes of blowing. According to the invention, through the optimized control of the converting gas in the electric furnace smelting process, the C removal can be slowed down, the C removal reaction rate is reduced, the contradiction between dephosphorization and carbon retention of the electric furnace is effectively solved, and the requirement of partial high-quality medium-high carbon steel on high carbon retention of crude steelmaking water is further met.
Furthermore, when the temperature of the electric furnace molten pool reaches 1390-1410 ℃, mixed gas is introduced into the furnace for converting, so that dephosphorization and carbon retention effects are guaranteed.
Further, the blowing flow rate of the mixed gas is 1.05-1.30 m 3 And/(min.t), wherein the volume ratio of each gas is: 60-90% of oxygen, 5-30% of nitrogen and 5-20% of argon. The argon and nitrogen in the mixed gas reduce the reaction of oxygen and carbon in molten iron, reduce the temperature rising rate of a molten pool, and simultaneously have good stirring effect on the molten iron in the electric furnace molten pool because the gas injection flow is not weakened.
Further, the blowing flow rate of the pure oxygen finally introduced during the blowing is as follows: 1.08 to 1.27m 3 /(min·t)。
Furthermore, according to the molten iron components, scrap steel and slag retention conditions, the lime addition amount is controlled according to the conservation of materials and the final slag alkalinity of 2.8-3.3.
Further, 45-55% of calculated lime is added into the furnace together with the scrap steel basket, and 3-4 minutes before the mixed gas is blown to the end of converting, and the rest lime is added into the furnace in 3-4 batches; by adopting the batch lime adding mode, the slag alkalinity is proper under the condition of mixed injection, the slag forming route is reasonable, and the electric furnace has good dephosphorization thermodynamic conditions.
Further, when lime is added into the furnace after the mixed gas is blown, 2.7-3.9 kg of sinter ore, pellet ore or iron oxide scale is added into the furnace.
Furthermore, the ratio of molten iron charged into the electric furnace is 35-65% of the total charging mass, and the electric furnace adopts the operation of full slag retention.
Further, the final temperature of electric furnace smelting is 1610-1640 ℃, the final carbon content is more than or equal to 0.20%, and the final phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.01%.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization, in the electric furnace blowing process, the blowing gas is optimally controlled, and the mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen and argon is blown by an oxygen gun from the later stage of the melting period, so that the decarburization reaction rate in the dephosphorization process can be reduced under the condition of effectively ensuring dephosphorization thermodynamics and dynamics, and the high-content carbon in molten steel can be still retained while the requirement of the end phosphorus content of the electric furnace is met, and the electric furnace smelting period is not influenced.
(2) According to the electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization, the gas composition ratio of the mixed gas and the gas flow of the gas injection are optimally controlled, so that a good dephosphorization and carbon-retaining effect can be achieved, and meanwhile, the requirements of steel types on the carbon content of molten steel tapped from the electric furnace and the requirements of steel types on the nitrogen content can be met; the blowing flow of pure oxygen finally introduced during blowing is increased, so that the effects of quickly heating, reducing the total iron content in slag and shortening the smelting period can be achieved; if RH or VD and other vacuum refining processes exist in the later stage of the produced steel, the proportion of nitrogen can be properly increased, and the removal of inclusions in the steel is facilitated in the later stage of vacuum degassing.
Detailed Description
For partial high-quality special steel such as a bearing, a spring, a gear and the like, the higher smelting endpoint carbon content is important for controlling inclusions in the steel, and is beneficial to reducing consumption of steel materials and deoxidizing agents and improving the yield of alloying elements, but the higher endpoint carbon content is unfavorable for dephosphorizing molten steel, and especially for electric furnace smelting, the contradiction between endpoint high carbon retention and dephosphorization is difficult to coordinate.
To the above problem that the electric stove was smelted and exists, this application carries out optimal control to converting gas, lets in pure oxygen in the prior art and carries out electric stove smelting generally, and this application smelts through letting in the mixed gas in the melting period later stage of smelting to can effectively slow down decarbonization efficiency on the basis that does not influence dephosphorization effect, guarantee that the terminal is high to stay carbon. The time of introducing the mixed gas and the flow of introducing the converting gas are especially important to ensure the dephosphorization high carbon-retaining effect by increasing the flow of finally introducing pure oxygen.
The technical scheme provides an electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization, which comprises the steps of blowing oxygen, nitrogen and argon mixed gas by adopting an oxygen gun from the later stage of a melting period in the electric furnace blowing process, and adding certain slag-making materials, so that the decarburization reaction rate in the dephosphorization process is reduced under the condition of effectively ensuring dephosphorization thermodynamics and dynamics, and the electric furnace endpoint phosphorus content requirement is met, and meanwhile, higher carbon content in molten steel is still retained, and the electric furnace smelting period is not influenced.
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments. The following examples are made by taking a 110 ton electric furnace for producing the bearing steel GCr15 as an example, but the present invention is not limited to the production of the bearing steel GCr15, and the present invention is applicable to electric furnace smelting of spring steel or gear steel for other steel types having the same requirements for the terminal carbon content and dephosphorization.
Examples 1 to 4
The electric furnace smelting method for carbon retention dephosphorization in the embodiment 1-4 comprises the following smelting processes:
(1) The ratio of molten iron fed into the electric furnace is 35-65% of the total loading mass, and the electric furnace adopts the operation of full slag retention;
(2) According to the molten iron components, scrap steel and slag retention conditions, calculating lime addition according to material conservation and with final slag alkalinity of 2.8-3.3, wherein 45-55% of calculated lime addition is fed into the furnace together with a scrap steel basket;
(3) Firstly, introducing pure oxygen into a furnace for blowing, when the temperature of an electric furnace molten pool is 1390-1420 ℃ after the oxygen blowing and electrifying smelting is carried out to the later stage of a melting period, switching the oxygen lance from pure oxygen blowing to mixed gas blowing of oxygen, nitrogen and argon, wherein the blowing flow rate of the mixed gas is 1.05-1.30 m 3 And/(min.t), wherein the volume ratio of each gas is: 60-90% of oxygen, 5-30% of nitrogen and 5-30% of argon; and (3) changing the last 1-2 minutes of blowing into pure oxygen again, and controlling the blowing flow of the pure oxygen at the moment to be: 1.08 to 1.27m 3 /(min·t)。
(4) 3-4 minutes before the mixed gas is blown to the end of converting, adding the rest lime into the furnace in 3-4 batches, and simultaneously adding 2.7-3.9 kg of sinter ore or pellet ore or iron scale per ton of steel into the furnace.
Specific parameter control in the electric furnace smelting process in examples 1 to 4 is shown in the following Table 1, wherein the injection flow rates of the mixed gas were 1.05m, respectively 3 /(min·t)、1.15m 3 /(min·t)、1.30m 3 /(min·t)、1.20m 3 And (2) the blowing flow rate of the pure oxygen finally introduced in the blowing is respectively as follows: 1.08m 3 /(min·t)、1.20m 3 /(min·t)、1.27m 3 /(min·t)、1.24m 3 /(min·t)。
Table 1 electric furnace carbon-retaining dephosphorization examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1, 2 smelting details
Comparative examples 1 and 2
The electric furnace smelting methods of comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 both adopt the conventional pure oxygen converting process.
The smelting end conditions of examples 1-4 and comparative examples 1 and 2 are shown in the following table 2, and the data in the table show that by adopting the smelting process of the invention, under the condition of not affecting the smelting period, all indexes of the end point of the electric furnace are normal (temperature, [ P ] and the like), and the carbon content of the end point is obviously higher than that of comparative examples 1 and 2, so that the oxygen content in the crude molten steel is effectively reduced, the consumption of steel materials is reduced, and a favorable basis is provided for the subsequent reduction of the alloying cost of the molten steel and the control of inclusions in the steel.
Table 2 smelting end point conditions of electric furnace carbon-retaining dephosphorization examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 and 2
| Sequence number | End point temperature | Consumption of iron and steel materials | Final slag basicity | Endpoint phosphorus content | Endpoint carbon content | Smelting cycle |
| Example 1 | 1620℃ | 1070kg/t | 3.4 | 0.005％ | 0.21％ | 39min |
| Example 2 | 1637℃ | 1079kg/t | 2.9 | 0.008％ | 0.49％ | 43min |
| Example 3 | 1630℃ | 1075kg/t | 3.2 | 0.006％ | 0.40％ | 41min |
| Example 4 | 1628℃ | 1077kg/t | 3.0 | 0.006％ | 0.32％ | 41min |
| Comparative example 1 | 1625℃ | 1082kg/t | 3.5 | 0.006％ | 0.09％ | 41min |
| Comparative example 2 | 1627℃ | 1083kg/t | 3.7 | 0.008％ | 0.10％ | 42min |
Claims (4)
1. A smelting method of an electric furnace for carbon-retaining dephosphorization is characterized in that: in the electric furnace smelting process, pure oxygen is firstly introduced into the furnace for smelting, and when the temperature of a molten pool of the electric furnace reaches 1390-1410 ℃, mixed gas of oxygen, nitrogen and argon is introduced into the furnace, and the injection flow of the mixed gas is 1.05-1.30 m 3 And/(min.t), wherein the volume ratio of each gas is: 60-90% of oxygen, 5-30% of nitrogen and 5-20% of argon, and the last 1-2 minutes of blowing is changed into pure oxygen again, wherein the blowing flow rate of the pure oxygen is as follows: 1.08 to 1.27m 3 /(min.t); according to the components of molten iron,And (3) controlling lime addition according to conservation of materials and with final slag alkalinity of 2.8-3.3, wherein 45-55% of calculated lime addition is fed into the furnace together with a scrap steel basket, and the rest lime is added into the furnace in 3-4 batches from the beginning of mixed gas blowing to 3-4 minutes before the end of blowing.
2. The electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: when lime is added into the furnace after the mixed gas is sprayed, 2.7-3.9 kg of sinter ore or pellet ore or iron scale is added into the furnace.
3. The electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the ratio of molten iron fed into the electric furnace is 35-65% of the total loading mass, and the electric furnace adopts the operation of full slag retention.
4. The electric furnace smelting method for carbon-retaining dephosphorization according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the smelting end temperature of the electric furnace is 1610-1640 ℃, the end carbon content is more than or equal to 0.20%, and the end phosphorus content is less than or equal to 0.01%.
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| CN112301184A (en) * | 2020-10-28 | 2021-02-02 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | Dephosphorization method by injecting lime powder into electric furnace |
| CN113736948A (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2021-12-03 | 马鞍山钢铁股份有限公司 | Dephosphorization control method for unequal smelting end points of DC04 steel converter |
| CN114606357A (en) * | 2022-03-20 | 2022-06-10 | 新疆八一钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for removing phosphorus and leaving carbon in medium-high carbon steel by converter |
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