CN110747305B - Converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using RH single-link process - Google Patents
Converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using RH single-link process Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C5/00—Manufacture of carbon-steel, e.g. plain mild steel, medium carbon steel or cast steel or stainless steel
- C21C5/28—Manufacture of steel in the converter
- C21C5/36—Processes yielding slags of special composition
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/0006—Adding metallic additives
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- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/06—Deoxidising, e.g. killing
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/064—Dephosphorising; Desulfurising
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/04—Removing impurities by adding a treating agent
- C21C7/068—Decarburising
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- C21C—PROCESSING OF PIG-IRON, e.g. REFINING, MANUFACTURE OF WROUGHT-IRON OR STEEL; TREATMENT IN MOLTEN STATE OF FERROUS ALLOYS
- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
- C21C7/10—Handling in a vacuum
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Abstract
The invention discloses a converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process, which comprises the following steps: optimizing a converter loading system, a slagging system, converter end point control and a deoxidation alloying system; the converter steelmaking method provided by the invention selects proper Si content and high-temperature molten iron, improves the molten iron proportion, is beneficial to improving the converter heat, creates conditions for improving the converter end-point molten steel temperature and making up the temperature drop of molten steel treatment in subsequent procedures, and provides temperature guarantee for RH treatment; properly increasing the addition of the lime in the converter and the temperature of the molten steel is beneficial to promoting the desulfurization reaction, and the sulfur content of the molten steel is ensured to meet the requirement; the higher oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter is controlled, so that guarantee is provided for adding part of alloy in the converter process and ensuring that the oxygen content of RH molten steel in the station meets the decarburization requirement, the addition burden of the RH alloy is reduced, and the RH treatment period is favorably shortened.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of steelmaking, in particular to a converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process.
Background
The low-sulfur phosphorus-containing high-strength IF steel is based on ultra-low carbon steel, achieves the purpose of high strength by adding a certain amount of P, Mn, Si and other elements, and obtains excellent deep drawing performance and non-timeliness by adding micro-alloy elements such as Nb, Ti, B and other solid solution strengthening elements, and the steel-making production process is molten iron KR pretreatment → converter → RH → continuous casting. The production has the problems that the temperature, the carbon content and the sulfur content of each process are not easy to control, the RH treatment period is long, the RH treatment period is not matched with the production period of a casting machine, and the like.
The ultra-low carbon, low sulfur, phosphorus and high strength IF steel is used for parts such as inner plate reinforcements of four doors of an automobile, and the steel grade not only requires precise control of components, but also requires pure steel quality. In order to achieve the above object, the steel grade is generally produced by an RH single-couple process, in which deep decarburization and inclusion removal are carried out at RH. Because RH does not have desulfurization conditions and does not have an effective temperature regulation means, strict requirements are put on the oxygen content, the sulfur content and the temperature of molten steel at the end point of the previous converter process. In addition, when the steel grade is produced, the alloy is intensively added after RH decarburization is finished in the conventional process, and because the alloy quantity of the steel grade is larger, if the alloy is completely added in an RH process, about 10 minutes is needed, the RH processing time is prolonged, the RH is not matched with the production period of continuous casting, and the production structure of a steel mill is not facilitated. The existing processes for the production of this steel grade mainly have the following disadvantages: 1. occasionally, the content of carbon and sulfur is out of specification; 2. the temperature is not easy to be controlled accurately; 3. the RH treatment period is long and is not matched with the casting period of a casting machine.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: a converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process comprises the following steps: optimizing a converter loading system, a slagging system, converter end point control and a deoxidation alloying system;
the optimized converter loading system is that the tapping temperature of the converter is increased to 1740 ℃ and is 80 ℃ higher than that of other steel grades, so that the charging heat of the converter needs to be increased, and the steps of increasing the charging heat of the converter are as follows:
(1) the proportion of the molten iron and the scrap steel is changed, namely the proportion of the molten iron is increased from 87 percent to not less than 90 percent,
(2) the molten iron condition is limited, firstly, the molten iron temperature is required to be not lower than 1450 ℃, the molten iron temperature is not lower than 1400 ℃ after desulfurization, secondly, the S content in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, the molten iron is subjected to deep desulfurization treatment, the S content in the desulfurized molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, the desulfurized slag is completely removed, the bright liquid level on the surface of the molten iron is ensured to be not less than 95 percent, thirdly, the Si content in the molten iron is oxidized to provide a large amount of heat for a converter, the adding amount of slagging materials such as lime, light burned dolomite and the like is determined, namely, the amount of the converter slag is determined, therefore, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be 0.50 to 0.70 percent,
(3) limiting the condition of the steel scrap, adopting high-quality steel scrap, wherein the S content in the steel scrap is not higher than 0.020%;
the steps for optimizing the slagging system are as follows:
(1) controlling the addition amount of lime, wherein the high-alkalinity furnace slag is beneficial to the desulfurization reaction, and in order to improve the desulfurization capability of the converter furnace slag, the addition amount of the lime is increased by 5-8 kg/ton steel when smelting the steel grade, so that the binary alkalinity R of the furnace slag is not less than 3.3,
(2) controlling the addition amount of the light-burned dolomite to relieve the erosion to a furnace lining, wherein the addition amount of the light-burned dolomite is increased by 3-6 kg/ton steel when the steel grade is smelted, so that the MgO content in the converter final slag is not lower than 10%;
the method for controlling the end point of the converter comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter, controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter to be 900 ppm-1200 ppm in order to ensure that the RH arrival oxygen content of the molten steel meets the decarburization requirement,
(2) controlling the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter, wherein a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed due to large alloy adding amount of the steel, in addition, the molten steel can also generate temperature drop in the RH treatment process, and in order to make up for the temperature drop in the treatment process of the subsequent procedures after the steel is discharged from the converter, the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter needs to be controlled to be 1730-1750 ℃;
the deoxidation alloying system comprises the following steps:
in order to reduce the burden of alloy addition in an RH process and shorten the RH treatment period, metal ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus with weak deoxidation capability are partially added in the process of converter tapping, according to the oxygen content of molten steel at a terminal, the addition amount of the ferromanganese and the ferrophosphorus is 15.0-18.0 kg/ton steel and 2.5-2.8 kg/ton steel respectively, the upper limit is taken when the oxygen content is high, the lower limit is taken when the oxygen content is low, and the oxygen content of molten steel reaching an RH station is ensured to be not less than 400 ppm.
Specifically, the ratio of molten iron to scrap steel is changed, the main raw materials for converter steelmaking mainly comprise the molten iron and the scrap steel, physical heat and chemical heat of the molten iron are main heat sources for converter steelmaking, and the scrap steel is added into the converter as a coolant.
Specifically, the Si content in the molten iron influences the desulfurization capability of the slag due to the converter slag amount, and under the same conditions, the larger the slag amount, the larger the slag desulfurization capability, the more favorable the production of low-sulfur steel, but if the Si content in the molten iron is too high, splashing occurs in the converting process, so that the molten iron with a proper Si content needs to be selected, thereby ensuring the converter heat and the slag desulfurization capability, and also ensuring the stability of the converting process.
Specifically, the main purpose of controlling the addition of the light-burned dolomite is to improve the MgO content of the final slag and reduce the corrosion of the furnace lining by the slag.
Specifically, part of alloy is added in the process of controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter during the tapping process of the converter to achieve a certain deoxidation effect.
Specifically, after ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus are added, the rest of ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus and other easily oxidized alloys such as ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium and ferroboron or noble alloys such as ferroniobium are added in an RH process.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the converter steelmaking method for producing the low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using the RH single-link process disclosed by the invention selects proper Si content and high-temperature molten iron, improves the molten iron proportion, is favorable for improving the converter heat, creates conditions for improving the converter end-point molten steel temperature and making up the temperature drop of molten steel treatment in subsequent procedures, and provides temperature guarantee for RH treatment; the low-sulfur molten iron and the low-sulfur scrap steel are selected, so that sulfur brought by raw materials is reduced, and the desulfurization burden of the converter is reduced; properly increasing the addition of the lime in the converter and the temperature of the molten steel is beneficial to promoting the desulfurization reaction, and the sulfur content of the molten steel is ensured to meet the requirement; the higher oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter is controlled, so that guarantee is provided for adding part of alloy in the converter process and ensuring that the oxygen content of RH molten steel in the station meets the decarburization requirement, the addition burden of the RH alloy is reduced, and the RH treatment period is favorably shortened.
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Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail in the following clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process comprises the following steps:
1. optimizing converter charging system
Because a large amount of alloy is added into the steel grade to absorb heat, the molten steel is cooled, in addition, the molten steel is also cooled in the RH treatment process, in order to compensate the temperature drop of the subsequent process, the tapping temperature of the converter is required to be increased to 1740 ℃, which is 80 ℃ higher than that of other steel grades, and therefore, the charging heat of the converter is required to be increased;
(1) changing the ratio of molten iron to scrap steel
The main raw materials of converter steelmaking mainly comprise molten iron and scrap steel, the physical heat and the chemical heat of the molten iron are main heat sources of the converter steelmaking, and the scrap steel is added into the converter as a coolant, so that in order to obtain more heat, the proportion of the molten iron is improved from 87% to not less than 90% under the condition of ensuring that the total loading is not changed;
(2) limiting the conditions of molten iron
Temperature of molten iron
The initial temperature of the molten iron is required to be not lower than 1450 ℃, the temperature of the molten iron is not lower than 1400 ℃ after desulfurization, and the temperature of the molten iron is high, so that the physical heat of the molten iron is improved, the heat of a converter is further improved, and the molten iron desulfurization reaction is promoted;
s content in molten iron
The initial S content of the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.020%. Carrying out deep desulfurization treatment on molten iron, wherein the S content of the desulfurized molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent, and completely removing desulfurized slag to ensure that the bright liquid level of the molten iron surface is more than or equal to 95 percent;
③ Si content in molten iron
After Si in the molten iron is oxidized, a large amount of heat is provided for a converter, the adding amount of slagging materials such as lime, light-burned dolomite and the like is determined, namely the amount of converter slag is determined, the desulfurization capacity of the slag is influenced by the amount of the converter slag, under the same condition, the larger the amount of the slag is, the larger the desulfurization capacity of the slag is, the more the production of low-sulfur steel is facilitated, but if the Si content in the molten iron is too high, splashing is easily caused in the blowing process, so that molten iron with proper Si content needs to be selected, the heat and the desulfurization capacity of the converter are ensured, the stable blowing process is ensured, and according to the actual production, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be 0.50-0.70%;
(3) limiting the condition of scrap
High-quality steel scrap is adopted, and the S content in the steel scrap is not higher than 0.020%.
2. Optimizing slagging system
(1) Controlling the amount of lime added
The high-alkalinity slag is beneficial to the desulfurization reaction, and in order to improve the desulfurization capability of the converter slag, the addition amount of lime is increased by 5-8 kg/ton of steel when smelting the steel grade, so that the binary alkalinity R of the slag is not less than 3.3;
(2) controlling the addition of light-burned dolomite
The main purpose of adding the light-burned dolomite is to improve the MgO content of the final slag and reduce the erosion of the furnace lining by the slag, because the oxygen content and the temperature of the molten steel at the end point are much higher than those of the conventional steel during smelting the steel grade, the erosion of the furnace lining is aggravated, and in order to relieve the erosion of the furnace lining, the adding amount of the light-burned dolomite is increased by 3-6 kg/ton of steel during smelting the steel grade, so that the MgO content in the converter final slag is not lower than 10%.
3. Converter endpoint control
(1) Controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter
In order to reduce the burden of alloy addition in an RH process and shorten the RH treatment period, the invention adopts the method that part of alloy is added firstly in the converter tapping process, although the alloy added in the process has weaker deoxidation capability, the alloy still has certain deoxidation effect, and in order to ensure that the RH arrival oxygen content of the molten steel meets the decarburization requirement, the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter needs to be controlled to be 900 ppm-1200 ppm;
(2) controlling the end point molten steel temperature of the converter
Because the amount of alloy added into the steel is large, a large amount of heat needs to be absorbed, in addition, the temperature of molten steel can also be reduced in the RH treatment process, and in order to compensate the temperature reduction in the subsequent process treatment process after the steel is discharged from the converter, the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter needs to be controlled at 1730-1750 ℃.
4. Deoxidation alloying system
As described above, in order to reduce the burden of alloy addition in the RH process and shorten the RH treatment period, metal ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus with weak deoxidation capability are partially added in the converter tapping process, the addition amount of the ferromanganese and the ferrophosphorus is 15.0-18.0 kg/ton steel and 2.5-2.8 kg/ton steel respectively according to the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point, the upper limit is taken when the oxygen content is high, the lower limit is taken when the oxygen content is low, and the oxygen content of the molten steel in the RH station is ensured to be not less than 400 ppm; the remainder of ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus and other easily oxidizable alloys such as ferrosilicon, ferrotitanium, ferroboron or noble alloys such as ferroniobium are added in the RH process.
The specific embodiment of the invention is as follows:
example 1
The number of the furnace is as follows: 191354500, steel grade: SR250P1, total charge: 241 t.
1. The situation of molten iron and steel scrap entering the furnace
TABLE 1 charging molten iron and scrap
2. Slag forming material addition
Adding amount of lime: 11.2t, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite: 4.8 t. Converter final slag alkalinity: 3.35, MgO content of converter final slag: 10.3 percent.
3. End point control of converter
End point oxygen content: 1002ppm, end point sulfur content: 0.0028%, end point temperature: 1738 ℃.
4. Alloy addition during tapping of converter
The addition amount of ferromanganese: 3606kg, the adding amount of ferrophosphorus: 586 kg.
5. RH arrival of molten Steel
Oxygen content of arrival molten steel: 480ppm, arrival temperature: 1648 ℃.
6. Case of RH treatment
The RH treatment time was 36 minutes; molten steel condition after RH treatment: carbon content: 0.0024%, sulfur content: 0.0032%, temperature: 1591 deg.C.
Example 2
The number of the furnace is as follows: 192423600, steel grade: SR250P1, total charge: 245 t.
1. The situation of molten iron and steel scrap entering the furnace
TABLE 2 molten iron charged into the furnace and scrap
2. Slag forming material addition
Adding amount of lime: 12.8t, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite: 5.2 t. Converter final slag alkalinity: 3.40, MgO content of converter final slag: 10.5 percent.
3. End point control of converter
End point oxygen content: 1142ppm, end point sulfur content: 0.0040%, end point temperature: 1745 deg.C.
4. Alloy addition during tapping of converter
The addition amount of ferromanganese: 3880kg, adding amount of ferrophosphorus: 610 kg.
5. RH arrival of molten Steel
Oxygen content of arrival molten steel: 465ppm, arrival temperature: 1651 deg.C.
6. Case of RH treatment
The RH treatment time was 35 minutes; molten steel condition after RH treatment: carbon content: 0.0020%, sulfur content: 0.0035%, temperature: 1588 deg.C.
Example 3
The number of the furnace is as follows: 191354600, steel grade: SR250P1, total charge: 245 t.
1. The situation of molten iron and steel scrap entering the furnace
TABLE 3 molten iron charged into furnace and scrap
2. Slag forming material addition
Adding amount of lime: 13.4t, the addition amount of light-burned dolomite: 5.7 t. Converter final slag alkalinity: 3.38, MgO content of converter final slag: 10.4 percent.
3. End point control of converter
End point oxygen content: 978ppm, end point sulfur content: 0.0028%, end point temperature: 1742 deg.C.
4. Alloy addition during tapping of converter
The addition amount of ferromanganese: 3510kg, the addition amount of ferrophosphorus: 580 kg.
5. RH arrival of molten Steel
Oxygen content of arrival molten steel: 426ppm, arrival temperature: 1643 ℃.
6. Case of RH treatment
The RH treatment time was 37 minutes; molten steel condition after RH treatment: carbon content: 0.0022%, sulfur content: 0.0026%, temperature: 1590 deg.C.
The present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any structural changes made under the teaching of the present invention shall fall within the scope of the present invention, which is similar or similar to the technical solutions of the present invention.
The techniques, shapes, and configurations not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (1)
1. A converter steelmaking method for producing low-sulfur phosphorus-containing IF steel by using an RH single-link process is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method for improving the heat of the converter comprises the following steps:
(1) the proportion of the molten iron and the scrap steel is changed, namely the proportion of the molten iron is increased from 87 percent to not less than 90 percent,
(2) the molten iron condition is limited, firstly, the molten iron temperature is required to be not lower than 1450 ℃, the molten iron temperature is not lower than 1400 ℃ after desulfurization, secondly, the S content in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.020 percent, the molten iron is subjected to deep desulfurization treatment, the S content in the molten iron is less than or equal to 0.003 percent after desulfurization, the desulfurization slag is completely removed, the bright liquid level on the surface of the molten iron is ensured to be not less than 95 percent, thirdly, the Si content in the molten iron is controlled to be 0.50 to 0.70 percent,
(3) limiting the condition of the steel scrap, adopting high-quality steel scrap, wherein the S content in the steel scrap is not higher than 0.020%;
the steps for optimizing the slagging system are as follows:
(1) controlling the addition amount of lime, wherein the high-alkalinity furnace slag is beneficial to the desulfurization reaction, and in order to improve the desulfurization capability of the converter furnace slag, the addition amount of the lime is increased by 5-8 kg/ton steel when smelting the steel grade, so that the binary alkalinity R of the furnace slag is not less than 3.3,
(2) controlling the addition amount of the light-burned dolomite to relieve the erosion to a furnace lining, wherein the addition amount of the light-burned dolomite is increased by 3-6 kg/ton steel when the steel grade is smelted, so that the MgO content in the converter final slag is not lower than 10%;
the method for controlling the end point of the converter comprises the following steps:
(1) controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter, adding part of alloy in the tapping process of the converter to achieve a certain deoxidation effect, and controlling the oxygen content of the molten steel at the end point of the converter to be 900-1200 ppm in order to ensure that the RH arrival oxygen content of the molten steel meets the decarburization requirement,
(2) controlling the temperature of the molten steel at the end point of the converter to be 1730-1750 ℃;
the deoxidation alloying system comprises the following steps:
in order to reduce alloy adding burden of an RH process and shorten an RH treatment period, metal ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus with weak deoxidation capability are partially added in the converter tapping process, according to the oxygen content of molten steel at a terminal, the addition amount of the ferromanganese and the ferrophosphorus is 15.0-18.0 kg/ton steel and 2.5-2.8 kg/ton steel respectively, the upper limit is taken when the oxygen content is high, the lower limit is taken when the oxygen content is low, the oxygen content of molten steel reaching an RH station is ensured to be not less than 400ppm, and after ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus are added in a deoxidation alloying system, the rest ferromanganese and ferrophosphorus and other easily oxidized alloys or noble alloys are added in the RH process.
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| CN112626416A (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2021-04-09 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Method for improving production efficiency in RH smelting of ultra-low carbon low alloy steel |
| CN114807731A (en) * | 2022-05-20 | 2022-07-29 | 山东钢铁集团日照有限公司 | Smelting method of steel grade with ultra-low carbon and large silicon-manganese alloy amount |
| CN115537500B (en) * | 2022-09-27 | 2023-11-10 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Method for controlling sulfur content of high-phosphorus steel |
| CN115786626A (en) * | 2022-12-23 | 2023-03-14 | 阳春新钢铁有限责任公司 | Method for reducing oxygen of industrial material molten steel entering station |
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