CN115299387B - Cultivation method for enhancing feed protein digestion capability of young longhairy fish - Google Patents
Cultivation method for enhancing feed protein digestion capability of young longhairy fish Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
- A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/12—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes by fermentation of natural products, e.g. of vegetable material, animal waste material or biomass
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- A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
- A23K10/14—Pretreatment of feeding-stuffs with enzymes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/22—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from fish
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/20—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin
- A23K10/26—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of animal origin from waste material, e.g. feathers, bones or skin
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
- A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23K—FODDER
- A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/105—Aliphatic or alicyclic compounds
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- A23K20/10—Organic substances
- A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
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- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
- A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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Abstract
The invention provides a cultivation method for enhancing the protein digestion capability of young fishes of the small fishes, which is characterized in that the young fishes of the small fishes are controlled in throwing density, reasonable feed proportion, the times and time of feeding the feed and irradiated by different light sources during feeding, the protein digestion capability of the young fishes of the small fishes is enhanced, the growth of the young fishes of the small fishes is accelerated, and the disease resistance of the young fishes of the small fishes is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of the cultivation of the longhairy fish, in particular to a cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of young longhairy fish on feed protein.
Background
The trade name of the money fish is the golden drum fish. The family of the lysimachiae, the saline-fresh water mixed water areas which are native to the sea entrance of the rivers in the Indonesia, philippines, thailand and other places, the sea entrance of the rivers in the south of China is also common, and the Zhanjiang region is cultivated in a large number. However, in the process of culturing the longhairy fish, the organ development of the young longhairy fish is imperfect, the incomplete growth of liver pancreas and intestinal canal leads to poor digestion and absorption capacity, which not only greatly improves the culture cost, in addition, the invention also enables the small-fingered catfish to have malnutrition and slow growth, so the cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of the small-fingered catfish can effectively solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Accordingly, the invention provides a cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of young longhairy fish, and the problems are solved.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of young longhairy fish to feed protein comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond with the putting density of 35-45 tails/m 3 ；
(2) After the young fishes of the longhairy fish enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1-2% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fish;
(3) The red light and the yellow light are alternately irradiated in combination with the time of feeding the feed for the looper.
Further, in the step (2), the feed comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 5-7 parts of purslane, 3-7 parts of fructus Aurantii, 0.5-0.8 part of phytase, 5-9 parts of leftover extract, 7-9 parts of beet, 20-30 parts of fish meal and 0.1-0.3 part of bile acid.
The feed disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the components are scientifically proportioned, so that the development of the digestive tract of the monetary fish is promoted, the digestion capacity of the monetary fish is improved, and meanwhile, the feed disclosed by the invention has good palatability, and the ingestion of young monetary fish is improved. The purslane, the fructus aurantii and the beet can improve the enzyme activity in the digestive tract, promote the intestinal tract to absorb the nutrition components in feed protein, have the effect of reducing the stress reaction of the juvenile fish, and simultaneously have the sterilization effect, so that the phenomenon that the juvenile fish dies due to low resistance and infectious diseases is avoided.
Further, in the step (2), the number of times of feeding per day is 4, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00.
the feeding time and the feeding amount of the invention can ensure that the feed has reasonable residence time in the digestive tract, promote the conversion and absorption of the digestive tract to the nutrient components in the feed, and improve the utilization rate of the feed.
In the step (3), the light irradiation is that red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated for 30-40min, the wavelength is 680-700nm, the color temperature is 2000-2500k, and then yellow light is irradiated for 90-120min, the wavelength is 500-550nm, and the color temperature is 1600-1800k.
According to the invention, through reasonable light irradiation, the ingestion capacity and digestion capacity of the young fishes of the money fish can be improved, meanwhile, the stress reaction generated by changing the cultivation environment of the young fishes is reduced, 30-40min after the feed is put in, the time for the young fishes to eat is shortened, and red light irradiation is selected, so that the young fishes of the money fish can adapt to the cultivation pond environment, the swimming of the young fishes of the money fish is improved, and the food intake is improved; the yellow light is used for irradiating for 90-120min, so that the conversion and absorption of feed protein in the juvenile fish of the lysimachia christinae can be promoted.
Further, the preparation method of the leftover extract comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing fish waste leftovers, and adding water into the fish waste leftovers to be minced, wherein the mass ratio of the fish waste leftovers to the water is 1:1-1.3, so as to prepare fish paste;
(2) Adjusting the pH value of the fish paste to 7.0-8.2 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-1mol/L, adding 1-3% of papain and 3-7% of bromelain according to the weight of the fish paste, and reacting for 40-60min at the reaction temperature of 35-40 ℃ to prepare the fish paste after enzymolysis;
(3) Regulating the pH value of the fish paste obtained by the enzymolysis in the step (2) to 5.3-5.5 by using hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-1mol/L, and adding 0.8-1.2% of candida tropicalis and 2-2.6% of rhodotorula mucilaginosa according to the weight of the fish paste after the enzymolysis to ferment for 6-8 hours to obtain fermented fish paste;
(4) Heating the fermented fish paste prepared in the step (3) to 90-95 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-25min to obtain the leftover extract.
Further, the waste fish scraps are fish bones, viscera, scales and the like discarded in the fish killing process.
The preparation method of the leftover extract can extract the nutritional ingredients such as protein, amino acid and the like in the leftover, and the candida tropicalis and rhodotorula mucilaginosa are used for fermentation for secondary fermentation, so that the attractiveness of the leftover extract to the young fish of the money fish is improved, the nutritional ingredients of the leftover extract are increased, and the oxidation resistance and the immunity of the young fish can be enhanced by the candida tropicalis and rhodotorula mucilaginosa fermentation products.
Further, the water in the cultivation pool is 5-5.7mg/L in dissolved oxygen, the water temperature is 23-27 ℃, the pH value is 7.0-7.8, and the salinity of the water body is 26-32 per mill.
Further, the arrangement density of the yellow light source and the red light source is 1/15-20 square meters.
Further, the light irradiation is that red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated for 35min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, and the light irradiation is performed for 105min, the wavelength is 530nm, and the color temperature is 1700k.
Further, the specification of the young of the longhairy fish is 3-5cm.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through reasonable feeding amount of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, the growth of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes is promoted, the occurrence of diseases is reduced, the feed feeding rate is improved, and the water quality pollution caused by the feed is reduced; through reasonable raw material collocation of the feed, the palatability and the nutritional ingredients of the feed are improved, and the purpose of enhancing the digestion capability of young longhairy fish is achieved; the daily feeding times are 4 times, and the feeding process is combined with light irradiation, so that the feeding rate of the feed can be improved, the conversion and absorption of the nutritional ingredients of the feed in the digestive tract are promoted, and the purpose of enhancing the digestion capability of young fishes of the longhairy fishes is achieved. Through the culture test, the culture method of the invention also has the function of deepening the body color of the fish.
Detailed Description
In order to better understand the technical content of the present invention, the following provides specific examples to further illustrate the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the embodiment of the invention are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
Materials, reagents, and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
The preparation method of the leftover extract in the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
(1) Washing tilapia waste leftovers, and adding water into the tilapia waste leftovers to grind, wherein the mass ratio of the tilapia waste leftovers to the water is 1:1.15, so as to prepare fish paste;
(2) Adjusting the pH value of the fish paste to 8 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.5mol/L, adding 2% of papain and 5% of bromelain according to the weight of the fish paste, and reacting for 50min at the reaction temperature of 37 ℃ to obtain the fish paste after enzymolysis;
(3) Regulating the pH value of the fish paste obtained by the enzymolysis in the step (2) to 5.4 by using a hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.5mol/L, and adding 1% of candida tropicalis and 2.3% of rhodotorula mucilaginosa according to the weight of the fish paste obtained by the enzymolysis to ferment for 7 hours to obtain fermented fish paste;
(4) Heating the fermented fish paste prepared in the step (3) to 93 ℃, and preserving heat for 23min to prepare the leftover extract.
Example 1 cultivation method for enhancing the ability of young Carnis Pseudosciaenae to digest feed protein
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond with the putting density of 40 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5.4mg/L, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value is 7.4, and the salinity of the water body is 29 per mill;
(2) After the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1.5% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, wherein the feeding times daily are 4 times, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, wherein the feed comprises 1.5 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 6 parts of purslane, 5 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.65 part of phytase, 7 parts of offal extract, 8 parts of beet, 25 parts of fish meal and 0.2 part of bile acid in parts by weight;
(3) The method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are alternately irradiated for 35min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, the yellow light is irradiated for 105min, the wavelength is 530nm, the color temperature is 1700k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Example 2 cultivation method for enhancing the ability of young Carnis Pseudosciaenae to digest feed protein
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond, wherein the putting density is 35 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5mg/L, the water temperature is 23 ℃, the pH value is 7.0, and the salinity of the water body is 26 per mill;
(2) After the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed according to 1% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes every day, wherein the feeding times are 4 times every day, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, wherein the feed comprises 1 part of isomaltooligosaccharide, 5 parts of purslane, 3 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.5 part of phytase, 5 parts of offal extract, 7 parts of beet, 20 parts of fish meal and 0.1 part of bile acid in parts by weight;
(3) The method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly irradiated for 30min, the wavelength is 680nm, the color temperature is 2000k, the yellow light is further irradiated for 90min, the wavelength is 500nm, the color temperature is 1600k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Example 3 cultivation method for enhancing the ability of young Carnis Pseudosciaenae to digest feed protein
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond, wherein the putting density is 45 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5.7mg/L, the water temperature is 27 ℃, the pH value is 7.8, and the salinity of the water body is 32 per mill;
(2) After the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed according to 2% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes every day, wherein the feeding times are 4 times every day, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, wherein the feed comprises 2 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 7 parts of purslane, 7 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.8 part of phytase, 9 parts of offal extract, 9 parts of beet, 30 parts of fish meal and 0.3 part of bile acid in parts by weight;
(3) The method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are adopted for alternately irradiating, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly adopted for alternately irradiating for 40min, the wavelength is 700nm, the color temperature is 2500k, the yellow light is adopted for irradiating for 120min, the wavelength is 550nm, the color temperature is 1800k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Example 4 cultivation method for enhancing the ability of young Carnis Pseudosciaenae to digest feed protein
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond, wherein the putting density is 45 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5.7mg/L, the water temperature is 27 ℃, the pH value is 7.8, and the salinity of the water body is 32 per mill;
(2) After the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1.5% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, wherein the feeding times daily are 4 times, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, wherein the feed comprises 1 part of isomaltooligosaccharide, 5 parts of purslane, 3 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.5 part of phytase, 1 part of offal extract, 7 parts of beet, 20 parts of fish meal and 0.1 part of bile acid in parts by weight;
(3) The method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly irradiated for 35min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, the yellow light is further irradiated for 105min, the wavelength is 530nm, the color temperature is 1700k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Comparative example 1
On the basis of example 1, the cultivation density in step (1) was adjusted to be divided into treatments 1-1 and treatments 1-2, specifically:
treatment 1-1: putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond, wherein the putting density is 25 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5.4mg/L, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value is 7.4, and the salinity of the water body is 29 per mill.
Treatment 1-2: putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond with the putting density of 60 tails/m 3 The dissolved oxygen in the water in the cultivation pool is 5.4mg/L, the water temperature is 25 ℃, the pH value is 7.4, and the salinity of the water body is 29 per mill.
Comparative example 2
Based on example 1, the feeding time in step (2) was adjusted, specifically: after the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1.5% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, wherein the feeding times daily are 2 times, and the feeding time is 7:00 and 19:00, the feed comprises, by weight, 1.5 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 6 parts of purslane, 5 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.65 part of phytase, 7 parts of offal extract, 8 parts of beet, 25 parts of fish meal and 0.2 part of bile acid.
Comparative example 3
Based on the embodiment 1, the feed proportioning in the step (2) is adjusted, specifically: after the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1.5% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, wherein the feeding times daily are 4 times, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, the feed comprises, by weight, 1.5 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 6 parts of purslane, 6 parts of fructus aurantii, 1 part of phytase, 3 parts of offal extract, 6 parts of beet, 20 parts of fish meal and 0.2 part of bile acid.
Comparative example 4
On the basis of example 1, the feed raw materials in step (2) were adjusted, specifically: after the young fishes of the longhairy fishes enter the pool, feeding the feed daily according to 1.5% of the weight of the young fishes of the longhairy fishes, wherein the feeding times daily are 4 times, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00, the feed comprises, by weight, 1.5 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 6 parts of purslane, 5 parts of fructus aurantii, 0.65 part of phytase, 8 parts of beet, 25 parts of fish meal and 0.2 part of bile acid.
Comparative example 5
On the basis of example 1, the light irradiation in step (3) was adjusted to be divided into treatment 5-1, treatment 5-2, treatment 5-3 and treatment 5-4, specifically:
treatment 5-1: the method is characterized in that red light and yellow light are adopted to alternately irradiate in combination with the time of feeding the feed of the longhairy fish, the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly adopted to alternately irradiate for 105min, the wavelength is 530nm, the color temperature is 1700k, the red light is adopted to irradiate for 35min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Treatment 5-2: the method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly irradiated for 70min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, the yellow light is further irradiated for 140min, the wavelength is 530nm, the color temperature is 1700k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Treatment 5-3: the method is characterized in that the time of putting the feed into the goldfish is combined, red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated, wherein the light irradiation is that the red light and the yellow light are firstly irradiated for 35min, the wavelength is 600nm, the color temperature is 1800k, the yellow light is further irradiated for 105min, the wavelength is 450nm, the color temperature is 2100k, and the arrangement density of the yellow light and the red light sources is 1/20 square meter.
Treatment 5-4: alternate illumination with red and yellow light is not used.
Comparative example 6
On the basis of the embodiment 1, the preparation method of the leftover extract is adjusted, specifically:
(1) Washing fish waste leftovers, and adding water into the fish waste leftovers to be minced, wherein the mass ratio of the fish waste leftovers to the water is 1:1.15, so as to prepare fish paste;
(2) Adjusting the pH value of the fish paste to 8 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.5mol/L, adding 2% of papain and 5% of bromelain according to the weight of the fish paste, and reacting for 50min at the reaction temperature of 37 ℃ to obtain the fish paste after enzymolysis;
(3) Heating the fish paste subjected to enzymolysis in the step (2) to 93 ℃, and preserving heat for 23min to obtain the leftover extract.
Test example 1
The cultivation methods of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were all carried out in the eastern city-perceived base cultivation pond of sea water production limited company in the morning of Hainan, the test time was 2021 year, the single cultivation pond was 10 square meters, the pond depth was 1m, and the young fish of gold Qian Yu was cultivated with a specification of about 4 cm. After 20 days of cultivation, 20 juvenile fishes are randomly caught in each cultivation pool to detect pepsin, and 100 juvenile fishes are caught to increase weight gain rate, and the test is repeated twice.
Pepsin is measured by the forskolin-phenol method, and weight gain ratio = (juvenile fish weight after 20 days-weight before administration)/total weight before administration×100
Experimental results show that the cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of the young catfish on the feed protein can enhance the digestion capability of the young catfish on the feed protein, accelerate growth and improve the survival rate of the young catfish. In comparative example 1, the feeding enthusiasm of young fish is reduced due to the change of the culture density, and the water environment is easily deteriorated due to the too low culture density, so that the growth is not facilitated; comparative example 2 the same feeding amount was maintained by reducing the feeding times, resulting in a reduced storage of feed in the intestines and stomach of the juvenile fish, the nutrient absorption of the juvenile fish was lower than in the examples, and the pepsin activity was affected, resulting in a reduced digestibility of the juvenile fish of the longhairy fish to the feed protein; comparative example 3 the feed is prepared by adjusting the proportion of the feed, the reasonable proportion of the components of the feed is beneficial to the absorption and conversion of the digestive tract to the protein in the feed, and the improvement of the activity of pepsin, and the excessive high or low protein content in the feed can generate negative feedback to the secretion of pepsin, so that the activity of pepsin is reduced; comparative example 4 the components in the feed are adjusted, the raw materials of the invention are finally selected by screening a large amount of common feed, the raw material protein, fat and other nutritional ingredients in the invention accord with the growth of young longhairy fish, the invention introduces the offal extract, not only fully utilizes the waste offal of fish, but also fully fuses the nutritional ingredients in the offal into the feed, further, the palatability of the feed can be improved due to the adoption of the waste offal of fish; the result of comparative example 5 shows that the reasonable light selection, wavelength and light temperature irradiation time of the invention can improve the growth of young longhairy fish and the digestion capability of feed protein; comparative example 6 the preparation method of the offal extract of the present invention can extract the nutrients in the offal, and the fermentation is performed by candida tropicalis and rhodotorula mucilaginosa, and the prepared fermentation can promote the deposition of protein in the juvenile fish and improve the digestion ability of the juvenile fish.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, alternatives, and improvements that fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A cultivation method for enhancing the digestion capability of young longhairy fish to feed protein is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting young fish of the longhairy fish into a culture pond, and putting the young fish of the longhairy fish into the culture pond with the density of 35-45 tails/m;
(2) Feeding young monetary fish into a pool, and feeding feed daily according to 1-2% of the weight of the young monetary fish, wherein the feed comprises, by weight, 1-2 parts of isomaltooligosaccharide, 5-7 parts of purslane, 3-7 parts of fructus Aurantii, 0.5-0.8 part of phytase, 5-9 parts of leftover extract, 7-9 parts of beet, 20-30 parts of fish meal and 0.1-0.3 part of bile acid; the preparation method of the leftover extract comprises the following steps:
s1: washing fish waste leftovers, and adding water into the fish waste leftovers to be minced, wherein the mass ratio of the fish waste leftovers to the water is 1:1-1.3, so as to prepare fish paste;
s2: adjusting the pH value of the fish paste to 7.0-8.2 by using a sodium hydroxide solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-1mol/L, adding 1-3% of papain and 3-7% of bromelain according to the weight of the fish paste, and reacting for 40-60min at the reaction temperature of 35-40 ℃ to prepare the fish paste after enzymolysis;
s3: regulating the pH value of the fish paste obtained by the enzymolysis of S2 to 5.3-5.5 by using hydrochloric acid solution with the mass concentration of 0.1-1mol/L, and adding 0.8-1.2% of candida tropicalis and 2-2.6% of rhodotorula mucilaginosa according to the weight of the fish paste after the enzymolysis to ferment for 6-8 hours to obtain fermented fish paste;
s4: heating the fermented fish paste obtained in the step S3 to 90-95 ℃, and preserving heat for 20-25min to obtain a leftover extract;
(3) The method is characterized in that red light and yellow light are alternately irradiated in combination with the time of feeding the feed of the longhairy fish, wherein the red light and the yellow light are firstly irradiated for 30-40min, the wavelength is 680-700nm, the color temperature is 2000-2500k, and then the yellow light is irradiated for 90-120min, the wavelength is 500-550nm, and the color temperature is 1600-1800k.
2. The method for enhancing the digestibility of young monetary fish according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the number of times of feeding is 4 per day, and the feeding time is 7:00, 12:00, 15:00 and 19:00.
3. the method for enhancing the digestibility of young monetary fish to feed protein according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), the water in said cultivation pool is dissolved oxygen in an amount of 5-5.7mg/L, the water temperature is 23-27 ℃, the pH value is 7.0-7.8, and the salinity of the water body is 26-32%.
4. The method for raising the ability of young longhairy fish to digest feed protein according to claim 1, wherein the alternate irradiation of red light and yellow light is that the red light is firstly adopted for irradiation for 35min, the wavelength is 690nm, the color temperature is 2300k, and then the yellow light is adopted for irradiation for 105min, the wavelength is 530nm, and the color temperature is 1700k.
5. The method for raising young monetary fish according to claim 1, wherein said young monetary fish is 3-5cm in size.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104543456A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-29 | 青岛无为保温材料有限公司 | Paralichthys olivaceus Chinese herbal medicine attractant and preparation method |
| CN110100769A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-08-09 | 海南晨海水产有限公司 | A kind of artificial fecundation method of red lapo-lapo |
| CN111480601A (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2020-08-04 | 陵水德林诚信水产养殖有限公司 | Indoor seedling raising method for Lutjanus erythropterus |
| CN112471367A (en) * | 2020-12-23 | 2021-03-12 | 天津现代天骄水产饲料股份有限公司 | Compound feed for reducing bait coefficient of carps and preparation method thereof |
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