CN115291018A - Frequency response characteristic experiment evaluation method and experiment evaluation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application discloses an experimental evaluation method and an experimental evaluation system for frequency response characteristics, which can accurately evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, so as to evaluate the performance state of the grounding device in natural lightning strikes. The experimental evaluation method includes: using the control device to control the multiple surge voltage generator to generate multiple surge voltages according to the waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer; using the multiple surge voltage injection leads to output the multiple surge voltages to the grounding device; using the data The acquisition device collects the current full time domain waveform and the voltage full time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages; the upper computer is used to calculate the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full time domain waveform and the voltage full time domain waveform, among which the frequency response characteristic The evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device.

Description

Experimental Evaluation Method and Experimental Evaluation System for Frequency Response Characteristics

technical field

The present application relates to the field of simulation experiments of grounding devices and the technical field of grounding of power systems, in particular to an experimental evaluation method and evaluation system for frequency response characteristics.

Background technique

As an important part of the power transmission system, the grounding device not only provides a common reference ground for various electrical equipment, but also quickly dissipates the fault current or lightning current in the event of a fault or lightning strike, limiting the rise of the ground potential. To ensure personal and equipment safety, good grounding is an important condition to ensure the safe and stable operation of the power system. Its reliability and safety performance have always been highly valued by the design and production operation departments. Therefore, it is very important to accurately evaluate the operating status of the grounding device.

At present, most evaluation methods for tower grounding devices are based on single lightning strikes. However, the proportion of multiple lightning strikes in natural lightning is as high as 70%. Multiple lightning strikes are far apart, so that a grounding device that behaves well under a single lightning strike will perform poorly when subjected to multiple lightning strikes in nature.

Contents of the invention

Based on this, it is necessary to address the above problems. This application proposes an experimental evaluation method and an experimental evaluation system for frequency response characteristics. Under multiple impulse voltages, the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device can be accurately evaluated to evaluate the grounding device in natural lightning strikes. performance status.

In the first aspect, this application provides an experimental evaluation method suitable for evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, including:

Using the control device to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer;

Multiple surge voltages are output to the grounding device using multiple surge voltage injection leads;

Use the data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages;

The host computer is used to calculate the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, and the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the method further includes:

If the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device are strong and the grounding device is in good condition;

If the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device is weak and the state of the grounding device is poor.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is calculated according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time waveform, including:

Perform waveform analysis on the current full-time domain waveform and voltage full-time domain waveform, and extract the multiple number of impulse voltage, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current;

Calculate the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents under multiple impulse voltages according to the multiplicity of impulse voltages, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current;

The evaluation factor of frequency response characteristics is calculated according to the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents.

Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application, the formula for calculating the equivalent frequency f of the surge current is as follows:

Among them, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, N is the number of impulses, and the value of N is an integer greater than 1, ti is the duration of each single impulse current, Ii is the amplitude of each single impulse current, and η is the multiple Impulse current amplitude correction coefficient, α is the attenuation coefficient of the wave head, and β is the attenuation coefficient of the wave tail.

5. According to the experimental evaluation method of claim 3, it is characterized in that the calculation formula of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor q is as follows:

Among them, q is the evaluation factor of frequency response characteristics, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, _ρ0 is the low-frequency reference soil resistivity, _f0 is the low-frequency reference frequency, and l is the total length of the grounding device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation of the first aspect of the present application, the data acquisition device is used to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, including:

Use the current sensor to measure the current full-time domain waveform, and output the current full-time domain waveform to the data acquisition device;

Use a high-voltage differential probe to measure the full-time waveform of the voltage between the grounding device and the voltage reference electrode, and output the full-time waveform of the voltage to the data acquisition device, where the voltage reference electrode is used to provide a reference voltage.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the waveform parameters include amplitude, front time, tail time, shock interval, and shock multiplicity.

In the second aspect, the present application provides an experimental evaluation system for evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, including:

Host computer, control device, multiple impulse voltage generator, multiple impulse voltage injection leads, grounding device and data acquisition device;

Among them, the upper computer is connected to the input end of the control device, the output end of the control device is connected to the input end of the multiple impulse voltage generator, the output end of the multiple impulse voltage generator is connected to the grounding device through the multiple impulse voltage injection lead, and the data acquisition device The input end of the data acquisition device is connected to the host computer with the multiple impulse voltage injection leads connected;

Do the following with the assessment system:

Using the control device to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer;

Multiple surge voltages are output to the grounding device using multiple surge voltage injection leads;

Use the data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages;

The host computer is used to calculate the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, and the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the experimental evaluation system further includes:

A current sensor, a high-voltage differential probe and a voltage reference electrode, wherein the current sensor is sleeved on the multiple impulse voltage injection lead, and the two input terminals of the high-voltage differential probe are respectively connected to the grounding device and the voltage reference electrode;

In the experimental evaluation system, use the data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and voltage full-time domain waveform to perform the following operations:

Use the current sensor to measure the current full-time domain waveform, and output the current full-time domain waveform to the data acquisition device;

Use a high-voltage differential probe to measure the full-time waveform of the voltage between the grounding device and the voltage reference electrode, and output the full-time waveform of the voltage to the data acquisition device, where the voltage reference electrode is used to provide a reference voltage.

Optionally, in a possible implementation manner of the first aspect of the present application, the grounding device includes:

The ground electrode and the test round pot, wherein the outside of the test round pot is grounded, the inside of the test round pot is filled with fine sand, the ground electrode is connected to the multiple impulse voltage injection lead and inserted in the fine sand of the test round pot, and the voltage reference electrode is also inserted In the fine sand of the test pan, the voltage reference electrode is separated from the ground electrode by fine sand.

The technical solution provided by the application has at least the following beneficial effects:

The generation of multiple impulse voltages is controlled by the control device according to the waveform parameters, and multiple impulse voltages are generated. The multiple impulse voltages generated are injected into the leads by the multiple impulse voltages and output to the grounding device. The current full-time waveform and voltage generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages The frequency response characteristics evaluation factor is obtained by calculating the full-time domain waveform, and the frequency response characteristics evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device, so as to realize the evaluation of the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages. Since the frequency response characteristics evaluation factor It is calculated based on the current full-time waveform and voltage full-time waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages. Therefore, evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device through the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor can effectively improve its accuracy. So as to more accurately evaluate the performance status of the grounding device in natural lightning strikes.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the application.

Description of drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent by describing the exemplary embodiments of the present application in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein, in the exemplary embodiments of the present application, the same reference numerals generally represent same parts.

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the experimental evaluation method in the embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental evaluation system in the embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although embodiments of the present application are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present application may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this application will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of this application to those skilled in the art.

The terminology used in this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only, and is not intended to limit the application. As used in this application and the appended claims, the singular forms "a", "the", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and/or" as used herein refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", "third" and so on may be used in this application to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from one another. For example, without departing from the scope of the present application, first information may also be called second information, and similarly, second information may also be called first information. Thus, a feature defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of these features. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.

In order to more accurately evaluate the performance of the grounding device under multiple impacts, an experimental evaluation method and an experimental evaluation system for frequency response characteristics are proposed in the embodiments of the present application, which are suitable for evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impact voltages. Frequency response characteristics, referred to as frequency response characteristics, refers to the relationship between the amplitude and phase of the signal and frequency; the frequency response characteristics can reflect the signal processing capabilities of equipment or devices for different frequency signals.

In order to facilitate understanding of the experimental evaluation method in this application, the experimental evaluation method in the embodiment of this application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, specifically as follows:

Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the experimental evaluation method in the embodiment of the present application;

As shown in Figure 1, the experimental evaluation method in the embodiment of the present application includes:

101. Use the control device to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters.

In the embodiment of the present application, the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer. Optionally, the above waveform parameters include amplitude, wave front time, wave tail time, impact interval and impact multiplicity.

The control terminal of the multiple impulse voltage generator is connected with the host computer through the control device. After the waveform parameters and their values are determined, the upper computer is used to write the determined waveform parameters and their values into the control device, which is used to control the multiple impulse voltage generator. A control device is used to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate corresponding multiple impulse voltages according to the determined waveform parameters and their parameter values.

102. Using multiple impulse voltage injection leads to output multiple impulse voltages to the grounding device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the signal output terminal of the multiple surge voltage generator is connected to the grounding device through multiple surge voltage injection leads. The multiple impulse voltages generated by the multiple impulse voltage generator are injected into the leads for output or injected into the grounding device through the multiple impulse voltages.

Optionally, in one implementation of the embodiment of the present application, the grounding device includes a grounding electrode and a test round pot, wherein the outside of the test round pot is grounded, the inside of the test round pot is filled with fine sand, and the ground electrode is connected to multiple shock voltages. Inject the lead wire and insert it in the fine sand of the test round pot, and the voltage reference electrode is also inserted in the fine sand of the test round pot, and the voltage reference electrode and the grounding electrode are separated by fine sand.

103. Use the data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages.

In the embodiment of the present application, the grounding device will generate corresponding current and voltage under the impact of multiple impulse voltages. The waveform corresponding to the generated current (ie, the current full-time domain waveform) and the voltage corresponding to the voltage (ie, the voltage full-time domain waveform) can be collected by using the data acquisition device.

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, for the acquisition of the current full-time domain waveform, a current sensor may be used to measure the current full-time domain waveform, and output the current full-time domain waveform to the data acquisition device;

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, for the acquisition of the voltage full-time domain waveform, a high-voltage differential probe can be used to measure the voltage full-time domain waveform between the grounding device and the voltage reference electrode, and the voltage The domain waveform is output to a data acquisition device, where a voltage reference electrode is used to provide a reference voltage.

Specifically, the host computer is used to set the waveform parameters, including amplitude, wave front time, wave tail time, impact interval, and the number of impacts, and then the host computer is used to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate multiple impulse voltages, and the current sensor is used to measure the grounding voltage. The current full-time domain waveform of the electrode is used, and the voltage full-time domain waveform between the ground electrode and the voltage reference electrode is measured with a high-voltage differential probe.

104. Use the host computer to calculate the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, where the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device.

In the embodiment of the present application, the calculation of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform may specifically include: first, performing waveform analysis on the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, and extracting the weight of the impulse voltage number, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current; secondly, calculate the multiple impulse current under multiple impulse voltages according to the number of impulse voltages, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current Equivalent frequency; finally, the evaluation factor of frequency response characteristic is calculated according to the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents.

Specifically, the measured voltage and current waveforms are analyzed by the host computer, and the number of current impulses N, each single impulse current amplitude Ii (i=1, 2, ..., N) and each single impulse current Duration ti (i=1, 2, . . . , N) eigenvalues.

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the equivalent frequency f of the inrush current can be calculated using the following calculation formula:

Among them, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, N is the number of impulses, and the value of N is an integer greater than 1, ti is the duration of each single impulse current, Ii is the amplitude of each single impulse current, and η is the multiple Impulse current amplitude correction coefficient, α is the attenuation coefficient of the wave head, and β is the attenuation coefficient of the wave tail.

Specifically, the value of η above may be 0.97, the value of α may be 8.66×10 ^-4 , and the value of β may be 1.732×10 ⁵ .

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, after calculating the equivalent frequency f of the impact current, the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor q is calculated according to the calculated equivalent frequency f of the impact current, so as to evaluate the current impact The frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiplicity N. The frequency response characteristic evaluation factor q can be calculated using the following calculation formula:

Among them, q is the evaluation factor of frequency response characteristics, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, _ρ0 is the low-frequency reference soil resistivity, _f0 is the low-frequency reference frequency, and l is the total length of the grounding device.

Specifically, the value of ρ ₀ may be 100Ω·m, the value of f ₀ may be 50 Hz, and the value of l may be 60 m.

The frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device. Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the above-mentioned experimental evaluation method further includes: if the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device is strong, and the grounding device The device is in good condition; if the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device is weak and the state of the grounding device is poor.

Specifically, the value range of q is (0, +∞). When q∈(0, 1], it indicates that the grounding device has a strong frequency response characteristic and the grounding device is in good condition; when q∈(1, +∞) , indicating that the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device are weak, and the state of the grounding device is poor.

To sum up, in the experimental evaluation method in the embodiment of the present application, the control device controls the generation of multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters to generate multiple impulse voltages, and the generated multiple impulse voltages are injected into the leads by the multiple impulse voltages and output to the grounding device. Using the grounding device The frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is obtained by calculating the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform under multiple impulse voltages. The frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device, so that under multiple impulse voltages, Evaluate the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device. Since the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is calculated based on the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, the grounding device is evaluated by the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor. The frequency response characteristics of the device can effectively improve its accuracy, so as to more accurately evaluate the performance of the grounding device in natural lightning strikes.

Corresponding to the aforementioned embodiments of the method for implementing application functions, the present application also provides an experiment evaluation system and corresponding embodiments.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the experimental evaluation system in the embodiment of the present application.

As shown in Figure 2, the experimental evaluation system in the embodiment of the present application includes:

Host computer 201, control device 202, multiple impulse voltage generator 203, multiple impulse voltage injection leads 204, grounding device 205 and data acquisition device 206;

Wherein, the host computer 201 is connected to the input end of the control device 202, the output end of the control device 202 is connected to the input end of the multiple impulse voltage generator 203, and the output end of the multiple impulse voltage generator 203 is connected to the ground through the multiple impulse voltage injection lead 204. The device 205 is connected, the input end of the data acquisition device 206 is connected with the multiple impulse voltage injection lead 205, and the output end of the data acquisition device 206 is connected with the upper computer 201;

Do the following with the assessment system:

Using the control device 202 to control the multiple impulse voltage generator 203 to generate multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer 201;

outputting the multiple surge voltage to the grounding device 205 using the multiple surge voltage injection lead 204;

Using the data acquisition device 206 to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device 205 under multiple impulse voltages;

Using the host computer 201 to calculate the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, wherein the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device 205 .

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the experiment evaluation system 20 also includes:

A current sensor 207, a high-voltage differential probe 208 and a voltage reference electrode 209, wherein the current sensor sleeve 207 is connected to the multiple impulse voltage injection lead 204, and the two input terminals of the high-voltage differential probe 208 are respectively connected to the grounding device 205 and the voltage reference electrode 209 ;

In the experimental evaluation system, use the data acquisition device 206 to collect and collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform to specifically perform the following operations:

Use the current sensor 207 to measure the current full-time domain waveform, and output the current full-time domain waveform to the data acquisition device 206;

Use the high-voltage differential probe 208 to measure the full-time waveform of the voltage between the grounding device 205 and the voltage reference electrode 209, and output the full-time waveform of the voltage to the data acquisition device 206, wherein the voltage reference electrode is used to provide a reference voltage.

Optionally, in an implementation manner of the embodiment of the present application, the grounding device 205 includes:

The ground electrode 2051 and the test round pot 2052, wherein the outside of the test round pot 2052 is grounded, the inside of the test round pot 2052 is filled with fine sand, the ground electrode 2051 is connected to the multiple impulse voltage injection lead 204 and inserted into the fine sand of the test round pot 2052 Among them, the voltage reference electrode 209 is also inserted into the fine sand in the test round pot, and the voltage reference electrode 209 and the ground electrode 2051 are separated by fine sand.

In summary, the experimental evaluation system in the embodiment of the present application can implement the experimental evaluation method in the above method embodiment to realize the evaluation of the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages. Since the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is based on the grounding device It is obtained by calculating the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated under multiple impulse voltages. Therefore, evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device through the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor can effectively improve its accuracy, thereby more accurately Evaluate the performance status of grounding devices during natural lightning strikes.

Regarding the apparatus in the above embodiments, the specific manner in which each module executes operations has been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be described in detail here.

Having described various embodiments of the present application above, the foregoing description is exemplary, not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and alterations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments. The terminology used herein is chosen to best explain the principle of each embodiment, practical application or improvement of technology in the market, or to enable other ordinary skilled in the art to understand each embodiment disclosed herein.

Claims (10)

1. An experimental evaluation method, characterized in that, the experimental evaluation method is suitable for evaluating the frequency response characteristics of a grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, comprising: Using the control device to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate the multiple impulse voltages according to the waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer; outputting the multiple surge voltage to the grounding device using a multiple surge voltage injection lead; Using a data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under the multiple impulse voltages; Using the host computer to calculate a frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, wherein the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device. 2. Experimental evaluation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described method also comprises: If the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device is strong, and the grounding device is in good condition; If the value of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is greater than 1, it is determined that the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device is weak and the state of the grounding device is poor. 3. The experimental evaluation method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the calculation of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the full-time waveform of the current and the full-time waveform of the voltage comprises: Performing waveform analysis on the full-time waveform of the current and the full-time waveform of the voltage, extracting the multiple number of impulse voltage, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current; calculating the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents under the multiple impulse voltages according to the multiplicity of impulse voltages, the amplitude of each single impulse current and the duration of each single impulse current; The evaluation factor of the frequency response characteristic is calculated according to the equivalent frequency of the multiple impulse currents. 4. experimental evaluation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the calculation formula of described impulse current equivalent frequency f is as follows:

Among them, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, N is the number of impulses, and the value of N is an integer greater than 1, ti is the duration of each single impulse current, Ii is the amplitude of each single impulse current, and η is the multiple Impulse current amplitude correction coefficient, α is the attenuation coefficient of the wave head, and β is the attenuation coefficient of the wave tail. 5. The experimental evaluation method according to claim 3, wherein the calculation formula of the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor q is as follows:

Among them, q is the evaluation factor of frequency response characteristics, f is the equivalent frequency of multiple impulse currents, _ρ0 is the low-frequency reference soil resistivity, _f0 is the low-frequency reference frequency, and l is the total length of the grounding device. 6. The experimental evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the use of the data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under the multiple impulse voltages includes : Using a current sensor to measure the current full-time domain waveform, and output the current full-time domain waveform to the data acquisition device; Using a high-voltage differential probe to measure the full-time waveform of the voltage between the grounding device and a voltage reference electrode, and output the full-time waveform of the voltage to the data acquisition device, wherein the voltage reference electrode is used to provide reference voltage. 7. The experimental evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein the waveform parameters include amplitude, front time, tail time, shock interval and shock multiplicity. 8. An experimental evaluation system, characterized in that, the experimental evaluation system is suitable for evaluating the frequency response characteristics of the grounding device under multiple impulse voltages, including: The upper computer, the control device, the multiple impulse voltage generator, the multiple impulse voltage injection leads, the grounding device and the data acquisition device; Wherein, the host computer is connected to the input terminal of the control device, the output terminal of the control device is connected to the input terminal of the multiple impulse voltage generator, and the output terminal of the multiple impulse voltage generator is connected to the The multiple impulse voltage injection leads are connected to the grounding device, the input end of the data acquisition device is connected to the multiple impulse voltage injection leads, and the output end of the data acquisition device is connected to the host computer; Do the following with the assessment system: using the control device to control the multiple impulse voltage generator to generate the multiple impulse voltage according to waveform parameters, wherein the waveform parameters are preset by the host computer; outputting the multiple surge voltage to the grounding device using the multiple surge voltage injection lead; Using a data acquisition device to collect the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform generated by the grounding device under the multiple impulse voltages; Using the host computer to calculate a frequency response characteristic evaluation factor according to the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform, wherein the frequency response characteristic evaluation factor is used to evaluate the frequency response characteristic of the grounding device. 9. The evaluation system according to claim 8, wherein the evaluation system further comprises: A current sensor, a high-voltage differential probe, and a voltage reference electrode, wherein the current sensor is sleeved on the multiple impulse voltage injection lead, and the two input terminals of the high-voltage differential probe are respectively connected to the grounding device and the voltage reference on the electrode; In the evaluation system, using the acquisition device to acquire the current full-time domain waveform and the voltage full-time domain waveform specifically performs the following operations: Using the current sensor to measure the full-time waveform of the current, and output the full-time waveform of the current to the data acquisition device; Use the high-voltage differential probe to measure the full-time waveform of the voltage between the grounding device and the voltage reference electrode, and output the full-time waveform of the voltage to the data acquisition device, wherein the voltage reference The electrodes are used to provide a reference voltage. 10. The experimental evaluation system according to claim 9, wherein the grounding device comprises: The ground electrode and the test round pot, wherein the outside of the test round pot is grounded, the inside of the test round pot is filled with fine sand, the ground electrode is connected to the multiple impulse voltage injection lead and inserted into the test round pot The voltage reference electrode is also inserted in the fine sand of the test round pot, and the voltage reference electrode is separated from the ground electrode by fine sand.

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