CN115288701B

CN115288701B - Tunneling method for long-tunneling long-branch roadway

Info

Publication number: CN115288701B
Application number: CN202210347080.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李凯; 唐福新; 李杨; 李晔; 刘金满; 叶子辉; 陈君桥; 陈新军; 将善云; 李军
Original assignee: Jiangxi Lanxiang Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Current assignee: Jiangxi Lanxiang Heavy Industries Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-04-03
Filing date: 2022-04-03
Publication date: 2023-07-14
Anticipated expiration: 2042-04-03
Also published as: CN115288701A

Abstract

The invention discloses a tunneling method of a long tunneling long-support tunnel, which comprises the steps of firstly hanging a single-rail hydraulic anchor drill carriage on a track beam of a top plate, when a tunneling machine is used for tunneling and breaking rocks, carrying out tunnel support by using the single-rail hydraulic anchor drill carriage, arranging an advance support platform at the front part of the single-rail hydraulic anchor drill carriage, carrying out temporary support on the top plate and two sides by the advance support platform when the tunneling machine is used for tunneling, realizing tunneling a plurality of anchor rod rows once, tunneling the first anchor rod row, remotely controlling the tunneling machine, and remotely controlling the tunneling machine to open to the head, wherein the first step is that the drilling carriage is provided with a plurality of anchor rod drilling machines, the tunneling machine is retracted after the rock breaking work is completed, and the plurality of anchor rod drilling machines can synchronously carry out permanent support operation after the anchor rod drilling carriage falls down, so that the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel is improved; secondly, because the drill carriage is hung on the top plate, the heading machine and the drill carriage do not need to be staggered on the ground, so that the design width of a roadway can be reduced, and the control difficulty of surrounding rock support of the roadway is reduced.

Description

Tunneling method for long-tunneling long-branch roadway

Technical Field

The invention relates to a tunneling working method of a long tunneling roadway.

Background

In recent years, the comprehensive mechanized mining efficiency of coal mines in China is obviously improved, but the development of roadway tunneling technology adopted by the coal mines is slow, the mining proportion is seriously disordered, the comprehensive mining speed is delayed from the comprehensive mining speed, and the production efficiency of the coal mines in China is seriously restricted. The traditional tunneling process has the problems of incapability of synchronizing tunneling and supporting, long overhead time, frequent crossing and staggered equipment requirement and the like, so that the tunneling efficiency is low and the potential safety hazard is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems in the prior art, in order to improve the tunneling efficiency of the tunnel and reduce the potential safety hazard, the invention provides a long tunneling method for a long tunnel, which is used as a matched (tunneling machine) and can realize single-cycle multi-row-distance support and effectively solve the problems that the empty roof of a top plate and equipment need to be mutually staggered.

The invention relates to a tunneling method for a long tunneling long branch roadway, which comprises the following steps: firstly, hanging a single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage on a track beam of a top plate, when a heading machine carries out roadway tunneling and rock breaking, carrying out roadway support by utilizing the single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage, wherein an advance support platform is arranged at the front part of the single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage, the top plate and two sides can be temporarily supported by the advance support platform when the heading machine is in heading, a plurality of anchor rod rows are tunneled once, the first anchor rod row is tunneled, the heading machine is remotely operated, the heading machine is remotely controlled to head-on, the cutting is started, when the top plate is cut after the cutting head is lifted, the platform automatically slides backwards, the distance of 150mm is always kept, the anchor rod drill carriage is not moved along with the cutting of the heading machine, and the distance between a cutting pick and the support platform is always kept for 150 mm; and the cutting of the space above the first row spacing is completed, the platform is pushed to actively protect the top plate, and the guard plate protects the head on as the heading machine cuts to the lower part of the roadway until the cutting is completed. The cutting depth of each cutting is not more than one row distance, the second anchor rod row distance is driven upwards, the cutting head of the tunneling machine is lifted, the second anchor rod row distance cutting process is the same as cutting the 1 st anchor rod row distance, if the second anchor rod row distance cutting is finished, the top plate is still in close contact, and then the 3 rd anchor rod row distance cutting of the first cycle is started; and (3) adjusting the positions of the steel belt, the steel net and the side wall, firmly supporting the fixed platform belt net on the top plate, and actively applying supporting force to the top plate by the advanced support platform at the moment to finish the fixation of the advanced support platform.

Compared with the traditional process, the tunneling method provided by the invention has the following characteristics:

1. the tunneling and supporting conditions of the coal roadway are improved, the tunneling and temporary supporting are carried out simultaneously on the premise of ensuring safe production, single-cycle multi-row-distance tunneling is realized, and the tunneling machine does not need to be staggered with a single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage after tunneling is completed, so that the construction time is saved;

2. the roadway support efficiency and quality can be greatly improved, so that the pushing speed of the fully mechanized mining face is greatly improved, and good economic benefits are formed;

3. the rear part of the monorail hydraulic jumbolter is provided with a hoisting block, so that auxiliary material conveying can be performed instead of manual work. Meanwhile, mechanical construction is adopted for tunneling and supporting, so that the mechanical automation degree is greatly improved before, and the labor intensity of workers is reduced;

4. the foldable support platform in the monorail hydraulic jumbolter can synchronously support the top plate temporarily in the cutting process of the heading machine, so that the empty top time of the top plate is greatly shortened, and the pressure sensor of the foldable support platform can monitor the change condition of the top plate in real time. After the cutting of the heading machine is completed, the monorail hydraulic jumbolter falls down, and the head-on and two-side-wall guard plates are opened to support the head-on and the two-side-wall plates, so that the safety of the working face is greatly improved.

The invention has obvious technical advantages in the aspects of improving the tunneling efficiency, reducing the potential safety hazard, improving the construction quality, reducing the tunneling cost and the like, and firstly, the drill carriage is provided with a plurality of anchor rod drilling machines, the tunneling machine retreats after the rock breaking work is finished, and the anchor rod drilling machines can synchronously carry out permanent supporting operation after the anchor rod drilling carriage falls down, so that the tunneling efficiency of a roadway is improved; secondly, because the drill carriage is hung on the top plate, the heading machine and the drill carriage do not need to be staggered on the ground, so that the design width of a roadway can be reduced, and the control difficulty of surrounding rock support of the roadway is reduced.

Drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic view of a heading machine, track and anchor in readiness prior to working in a roadway,

figure 2 is a schematic view of the heading machine in a first row spacing upper space starting cutting,

figure 3 is a schematic view of the heading machine in a first row spacing heading down from the top for deep cutting,

figure 4 is a schematic view of the heading machine cutting in the first row spacing mid-space,

figure 5 is a schematic view of the heading machine cutting in the first row spacing floor space,

figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the heading machine in a second bolt row at the beginning of a heading cut,

figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the tunneller tunnelling in the upper space of the second bolt row,

figure 8 is a schematic view of the state of the heading machine performing a bolting operation,

figure 9 is a process flow diagram of the present invention,

in the figure, 1, a track 2, an anchor rod 3, a cutting head 4 and a heading machine.

Detailed Description

1. Preparation work, as shown in fig. 9 and 1:

the steel belt, the steel mesh and the track are lifted by the supporting platform, the track is connected to the chain ring by bolts in a manual cooperation mode, after the track is prolonged, the supporting platform opens the head-on guard plate, the supporting materials (anchor rods, anchor ropes and the like) are lifted to the head-on position by the single-rail hydraulic drill carriage, and two sides of a roadway are placed. The rear supporting leg of the main frame props against the top plate, and the gantry supporting leg stretches out in a landing mode, and at the moment, the track 1 and the chain ring are in an unstressed state. The single-rail hydraulic drill carriage firstly falls down to support the platform, the W steel belts are installed and fixed on the locating pins, then a steel net is paved on each steel belt, and finally the steel rail is pressed on the steel net. The platform lifts the steel belt, the steel net and the track, the track is connected to the chain ring through bolts in a manual cooperation mode, and after the track is lengthened, the support platform opens the head-on guard plate to prevent the head-on ledge.

The track is generally hung by using anchor rods or anchor ropes, and when the roof plate is under good conditions, the track is hung by using anchor rods 2. When the anchor rod is adopted for hanging, the hanging plate is anchored with the top plate by the anchor rod and the cushion block, and the top end of the anchor rod is anchored by two nuts. The number of the hanging anchor rods is 2, and the single-point anchoring force is not less than 100KN. The tunnel with poor roof condition is hung by an anchor rope, the hanging plate and the roof are anchored by the anchor rope, the top end of the anchor rope is locked by a rigging, and the single-point anchoring force is not less than 100KN.

2. The first bolt row is driven as shown in fig. 9 and 2, 3, 4 and 5: the heading machine 4 is remotely controlled to be opened to the head, an operator sits on a portal frame seat, the operator climbs to be far, the sight is clear, the heading machine is remotely controlled to operate, the cutting is started, when the cutting head 3 lifts up and then cuts the top plate, the platform automatically slides backwards, and the distance of 150mm is always kept. Along with the cutting in of the heading machine, the anchor rod drill carriage is fixed, the supporting platform follows up, and the distance between the cutting pick and the supporting platform is always kept at 150 mm; the cutting of the upper space of the first row distance is completed, the platform pushes the active top plate to protect the top plate, force is applied to the top plate so as not to break the principle of the top plate, and the top plate is only kept in close contact with the top plate, and at the moment, the stress of the pressure sensor is less than 200kg. Along with the cutting of the heading machine to the lower part of the roadway, the guard board protects the head on until the cutting is completed. The top plate is still in close contact, and the pressure sensor is stressed or is under 200kg, so that the top plate is proved to be intact. The cutting position of the heading machine is determined under the guidance of the laser direction indicator, cutting is started along the middle of the roadway, and cutting is performed according to the sequence of the middle and the periphery, wherein the cutting depth is not more than one row distance each time.

3. And (3) tunneling the second anchor rod row, namely lifting the cutting head of the tunneling machine, starting the second row cutting of the first cycle, wherein the process is the same as cutting the 1 st anchor rod row, tunneling the second anchor rod row, and if the second row cutting is completed, the top plate is still in close contact, the stress of the pressure sensor is less than 200kg, then proving that the top plate is good, and then starting the 3 rd anchor rod row cutting of the first cycle. The second pitch cut, the process is the same as cutting the 1 st anchor pitch.

4. As shown in fig. 8: fixing an advanced support platform:

1. according to the condition of the top plate monitored by the pressure sensor, after finishing cutting the 1 st to 3 rd anchor rod row spacing, the anchor rod drilling machine receives the gantry supporting leg, and the main frame rapidly moves forward by 1 to 3 anchor rod row spacing on the track and falls down the gantry supporting leg; the positions of the steel belt, the steel mesh and the side edges are adjusted, the fixed platform belt mesh is firmly supported on the top plate, and at the moment, the advanced support platform actively applies supporting force to the top plate; if the top plate is broken and falls, the stress of the pressure sensor exceeds a threshold value, two supporting legs on the fixed platform fall down, and supporting force is continuously applied to the top plate, so that the fixing of the advanced support platform is completed. The heading machine continues to cut 1-2 anchor rod row distances according to the condition of the top plate, and after cutting, the machine is retracted from the working face by 6-7 meters. The heading machine automatically expands and protects the top plate according to the foldable part of the advanced support platform while leaving the working face, falls down the two supporting legs at the head and the head-on guard plate, and completes temporary support.

2. After the temporary support is completed, the anchor rod drill carriage support platform falls down to the anchor rod machine support platform, and the anchor rod machine support platform falls down to two platform supporting legs, so that the anchor rod machine support platform is stable and the correction platform is in a horizontal state. The anchoring machine slides out from a telescopic arm on the airborne platform to the supporting platform, the anchoring machine is erected and is vertical to the airborne platform, and the telescopic arm stops when the anchoring machine is conveyed to the working position of the anchoring rod. And (3) each anchoring machine is aligned to a steel belt hole on the top plate to carry out drilling operation, each drilling machine finishes the operation of the top plate and the two sides of each anchoring rope in a distribution operation area, and one tunneling cycle is finished.

Claims

1. A tunneling method for long-tunneling long-branch tunnel comprises the following steps: the method is characterized in that: firstly, hanging a single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage on a track beam of a top plate, when a heading machine carries out roadway tunneling and rock breaking, carrying out roadway support by utilizing the single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage, wherein an advance support platform is arranged at the front part of the single-rail hydraulic anchor rod drill carriage, the top plate and two sides can be temporarily supported by the advance support platform when the heading machine is in heading, a plurality of anchor rod rows are tunneled once, the first anchor rod row is tunneled, the heading machine is remotely operated, the heading machine is remotely controlled to head-on, the cutting is started, when the top plate is cut after the cutting head (3) is lifted, the platform automatically slides backwards, the distance of 150mm is always kept, the anchor rod drill carriage is still along with the cutting of the heading machine, and the distance between a cutting pick and the support platform is always kept for 150mm along with the follow-up of the cutting of the heading machine; the cutting of the space at the upper part of the first row spacing is completed, the platform pushes the top plate to be actively protected, the protection plate protects the head on along with the cutting of the heading machine (4) to the lower part of the roadway until the cutting is completed, the top plate is still in close contact, the heading machine is guided by the laser direction indicator downwards, the feeding position of the heading machine is determined, the cutting is started along the middle part of the roadway, the cutting is carried out according to the sequence of the middle part and the periphery, and the depth of each feeding does not exceed one row spacing; the second anchor rod row spacing is tunneled, the tunneller cutting head is lifted, the second row spacing cutting of the first cycle is started, the process is the same as cutting the 1 st anchor rod row spacing, the second anchor rod row spacing is tunneled, if the second row spacing cutting is completed, the top plate is still in close contact, and then the 3 rd anchor rod row spacing cutting of the first cycle is started; according to the condition of the top plate monitored by the pressure sensor, after finishing cutting the 1 st to 3 rd anchor rod row spacing, the anchor rod drilling machine receives the gantry supporting leg, and the main frame rapidly moves forward by 1 to 3 anchor rod row spacing on the track and falls down the gantry supporting leg; the positions of the steel belt, the steel mesh and the side edges are adjusted, the fixed platform is firmly supported on the top plate through the steel mesh, and at the moment, the advanced support platform actively applies supporting force to the top plate to complete the fixation of the advanced support platform;

the rear part of the monorail hydraulic jumbolter is provided with a hoisting hoist;

the anchor rod drill carriage supporting platform falls down the anchor rod machine carrying platform after the temporary supporting is finished, the anchor rod machine carrying platform falls down two platform supporting legs, the stabilizing and correcting platform is in a horizontal state, the anchor rod machine slides out of the supporting platform from a telescopic arm on the anchor rod machine carrying platform, the anchor rod machine is erected and is vertical to the anchor rod machine carrying platform, and the telescopic arm stops when conveying the anchor rod machine to the operation position of the anchor rod.