CN115286243A - Rock plate with shale surface effect and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Rock plate with shale surface effect and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115286243A CN115286243A CN202210816184.3A CN202210816184A CN115286243A CN 115286243 A CN115286243 A CN 115286243A CN 202210816184 A CN202210816184 A CN 202210816184A CN 115286243 A CN115286243 A CN 115286243A
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- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 70
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 12
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- 229910000272 alkali metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 38
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- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C8/00—Enamels; Glazes; Fusion seal compositions being frit compositions having non-frit additions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a rock plate with a shale surface effect and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: applying a first surface glaze on the surface of the green brick; printing engraving ink on the surface of the green brick after the first surface glaze is applied in an ink-jet manner; applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick after ink-jet printing and engraving ink; printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick subjected to the second overglaze application in an ink-jet manner; applying a covering glaze on the surface of the green brick subjected to ink-jet printing of the design pattern; and firing and polishing the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied to obtain the rock plate with the shale surface effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a rock plate with a shale surface effect and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of production and manufacturing of ceramic rock plates.
Background
With the change of informatization and intelligence of the ceramic industry, the slate age of the ceramic industry comes, the cognition of consumers on the traditional ceramic is broken, and the application of the slate in the household field is gradually widened. The rock plate is used as a large-area decorative material, can form a certain stone texture effect, and simultaneously can have rich patterns and colors. However, according to current market feedback, the imitation stone rock plate still faces the problems that the texture is not vivid enough, and the glaze level and detail of the stone are to be further improved.
The large size of the rock plate causes that the stacking and accumulation of multiple layers of glaze materials are difficult to carry out while the comprehensive physical and chemical properties of the rock plate are ensured. Therefore, the current rock plate usually forms visual effect on a plane glaze layer by means of dry grain polishing, soft polishing, transparent polishing, matte fine dry grain application and the like. For example, chinese invention CN113321536A discloses a process for preparing a rock plate with a simulated carved mould effect, which comprises the steps of ink-jet printing of carved ink, glaze spraying, pattern printing, protective glaze spraying and firing on a green brick to obtain the rock plate. The preparation method does not use an expensive fine carving mould, and obtains the rock plate with rich layers only by specially-made glaze and utilizing the characteristics of ink to fuse water and oil under high-temperature sintering. However, the glaze mold obtained by the method has a shallow effect, and the presented mold level is not clear enough.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the invention provides a rock plate with a shale surface effect and a preparation method thereof, wherein the concave-convex fluctuating texture is formed by a digital process, and the convex part is in smooth transition by polishing (half polishing and light brushing), and the polished glaze surface has a natural step type shale layer similar effect due to the gradient clear gray difference of the effect net of ink jet printing and carving ink.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for preparing a rock plate having a shale surface effect, the method comprising the steps of:
applying a first surface glaze on the surface of the green brick; the overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 :22 to 26%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 0.4 to 0.6%, alkali metal oxide: 6 to 8 percent of ZrO 2 :8 to 10 percent; ink-jet printing on the surface of the green brick after the first surface glaze is appliedEngraving ink;
applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick after ink-jet printing and engraving ink;
printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick subjected to the second overglaze application in an ink-jet manner;
applying a covering glaze on the surface of the green brick subjected to ink-jet printing of the design pattern; the dry particle chemical composition of the covering glaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55％、Al 2 O 3 :16 to 20%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 14 to 21%, alkali metal oxide: 6-10%, znO:4 to 6 percent;
and firing and polishing the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied to obtain the rock plate with the shale surface effect.
Preferably, the initial melting temperature of the overglaze is 1150-1180 ℃; preferably, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：22～26％、CaO：0.3～0.4％、MgO：0.1～0.2％、K 2 O：4～5％、Na 2 O：2～3％、ZrO 2 ：8～10％。
Preferably, the first overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, preferably, the specific gravity of the first overglaze is 1.25-1.35, and the glazing amount is 200-300 g/m 2 。
Preferably, the second overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, preferably, the specific gravity of the second overglaze is 1.45-1.5, and the glazing amount is 450-600 g/m 2 。
Preferably, the texture of the engraved ink is represented by a gradient effect mesh having a plurality of gray levels; preferably, the gray scale range of the effect net is 10-80%; more preferably, the difference in gray levels between different gray levels is 20 to 60%.
Preferably, before the cover glaze is applied, the surface of the green brick after the design pattern is printed by ink jet is printed with ink jet again to print engraving ink; preferably, the ink-jet printing engraving ink has an effect screen gray of 20 to 40%.
Preferably, the initial melting temperature of the covering glaze is 880-920 ℃; preferably, the dry grain chemical composition of the cover glaze comprises: to be provided withIn mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55％、Al 2 O 3 ：16～20％、BaO：6～8％、CaO：4～6％、SrO：3.5～4.5％、MgO：1～2％、K 2 O：3.5～5.5％、Na 2 O：3～4％、ZnO：4～6％。
Preferably, the application mode of the covering glaze is glaze spraying, preferably, the specific gravity of the covering glaze is 1.20-1.22, and the glazing amount is 160-250 g/m 2 。
Preferably, the maximum firing temperature is 1220-1230 ℃, and the firing period is 105-120 min.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a rock plate with a shale surface effect obtained by the preparation method described in any one of the above.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a brick surface effect diagram of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a brick-faced effect diagram of a conventional mold product;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of the brick surface of comparative example 1;
fig. 4 is a grey scale graph of the effect of ink-jet printing of the engraving ink.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are to be understood as merely illustrative of, and not restrictive on, the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, each percentage refers to a mass percentage. The following is an exemplary description of the method for preparing the rock plate having the shale surface effect according to the present invention.
Pressing the rock plate base material into green bricks. The green brick is a plane green brick. The chemical composition and raw material composition of the rock plate base material are not limited, and the rock plate base material commonly used in the field can be adopted. A low shrinkage rock base stock is preferred. As an example, the chemical composition of the low shrinkage rock matrix material may include: by mass percent, IL:5 to 6 percent of SiO 2 ：63～68％、Al 2 O 3 ：18～20％、CaO：3～4％、MgO：0.5～1％、K 2 O：2.5～3.5％、Na 2 O：2～3％、Fe 2 O 3 :0.5 to 1 percent. The rock plate base material with the composition can reduce the shrinkage rate of products and the unit energy consumption, especially forThe precision of (ink-jet) alignment can be improved in the dense seam continuous grain product. The sintering shrinkage of the green brick can be controlled to be 8-9%. The firing shrinkage refers to the percentage of dimensional change before and after firing the green brick.
And drying the green brick. Drying may be carried out in a drying kiln. For example, the drying temperature is 120 to 160 ℃ and the drying time is 50 to 65min. The water content of the dried green brick can be controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And applying a first surface glaze on the surface of the dried green brick, thereby covering the color of the green brick and avoiding the influence of the exposed green color on pattern decoration. The initial melting temperature of the overglaze is 1150-1180 ℃. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: in terms of mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 :22 to 26%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 0.4 to 0.6%, alkali metal oxide: 6 to 8 percent of ZrO 2 :8 to 10 percent. As an example, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: in terms of mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：22～26％、CaO：0.3～0.4％、MgO：0.1～0.2％、K 2 O：4～5％、Na 2 O：2～3％、ZrO 2 :8 to 10 percent. The overglaze with high initial melting temperature can prevent the gas overflow caused by loss of burning of the green bricks in a high-temperature environment, so that the shale effect presentation and the glaze quality improvement are facilitated, and meanwhile, the overglaze with high initial melting temperature can also prevent the glaze from being melted flat to influence the mould effect. If the initial melting temperature of the glaze is too high, the glaze is easy to generate prickly heat or bubbles.
The first overglaze is applied by spraying glaze. Glaze spraying can be carried out through the swing arm type high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet. In some embodiments, the first overglaze has a specific gravity of 1.25 to 1.35 and is applied in an amount of 200 to 300g/m 2 . The glazing amount of the first overglaze is not too high, otherwise the effect net of the engraving ink is blurred due to the fact that the moisture content of the surface of the green brick is too high.
And (4) carrying out ink-jet printing and engraving ink on the surface of the green brick after the first surface glaze is applied. The texture of the engraved ink is presented by a gradient effect mesh having a plurality of gray levels. Preferably, the grey scale of the effect net is in the range of 10-80%. The number of the gray levels and the gray level difference of each adjacent gray level are adaptively changed according to the shale texture effect. The smaller the number of the gray levels is, the larger the gray level difference of each adjacent gray level is, and the stronger the jumping performance of the shale texture slice is. In some technical solutions, the number of the gray levels of the effect mesh is 2-4. The gradient gray of the effect net shows an increasing or decreasing trend. By controlling the gradient gray level of the effect net, the printing quantity of the engraving ink at the corresponding position can be controlled, thereby forming the effect of gradient transition. In some embodiments, the difference in gray levels between (adjacent) different gray levels is 20-60%.
The engraving ink is preferably a matte engraving ink. The composition of the engraving ink is not limited, and the engraving ink composition commonly used in the field can be adopted. In some embodiments, the composition of the engraving ink comprises: the organic solvent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 65-75%, hydrophobic coupling agent: 2-4%, polymer dispersant: 5-10% of powder: 20 to 35 percent. The chemical composition of the powder material comprises: by mass percent, IL:3.5 to 4.5 percent of SiO 2 ：43～46％、Al 2 O 3 ：24～26％、BaO：5～6％、CaO：4～6％、MgO：2～3％、K 2 O：2.5～3.5％、Na 2 O：3.5～4.5％、B 2 O 3 ：3～4％、SrO：3～4％、ZnO：3～4％。
And applying a second overglaze on the surface of the green brick after the ink-jet printing of the engraving ink. The second glaze acts physically with the engraving ink. Glaze materials with different dosages are accumulated at the position of the ink-jet printing engraving ink according to the gray level of the ink. The positions without the engraving ink show the glaze accumulation effect, and the positions with the engraving ink form depressions due to the repulsion of water and oil, so that the effect of a layered mold is shown. Specifically, the oil-based engraving ink and the water-based overglaze layer have a discharge effect due to a large difference in surface tension, the positions without the engraving ink form an overglaze layer stack, the positions with the engraving ink have few overglaze layers, and the fired glaze has a natural undulation just like the concave-convex effect of natural rock. The matte carving ink enables the concave part to present a matte effect, and the convex part after half polishing has bright and matte contrast. Of a second overglazeThe chemical composition may be the same as the first overglaze. The initial melting temperature of the overglaze is 1150-1180 ℃. In some embodiments, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 :22 to 26%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 0.4 to 0.6%, alkali metal oxide: 6 to 8 percent of ZrO 2 :8 to 10 percent. As an example, the chemical composition of the overglaze includes: in terms of mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56％、Al 2 O 3 ：22～26％、CaO：0.3～0.4％、MgO：0.1～0.2％、K 2 O：4～5％、Na 2 O：2～3％、ZrO 2 ：8～10％。
The second overglaze is applied by spraying glaze. Glaze spraying is carried out through a swing arm type high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet. In some embodiments, the specific gravity of the second overglaze is 1.45-1.5, and the glazing amount is 450-600 g/m 2 . The proportion of the second over glaze increases, and moisture content reduces, is favorable to improving the definition of mould effect, increases the volume of glazing porcelain simultaneously, can obtain better protruding mould effect when impelling the sculpture ink to arrange.
If the glazing parameters of the first glaze and the second glaze are replaced, the moisture content of the second glaze is too high, the glaze surface contacting with the engraving ink is easy to become fuzzy, and meanwhile, the glazing amount of the second glaze is small, so that the excellent mold effect cannot be presented due to less glaze accumulation and poor surface convex feeling even at the position with high gray level of the engraving ink.
And printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick after the second glazing step. The texture and the design color of the design pattern can be adaptively changed as required. Preferably, the (second) ink-jet printing of the engraving ink is continued after the ink-jet printing of the design pattern. This may further enhance the mould effect. Preferably, the effect screen grey scale of the second inkjet printing engraving ink is the same as the first, more preferably 20 to 40%. For example, an ink jet printer with twelve channels is adopted, wherein the former channel is used for ink jet printing of a design pattern, and the last channel is used for ink jet printing of low-gray engraving ink, so that the problems that the pattern is fuzzy due to large gray of ink on the whole layout, the glaze cannot be quickly dried, and the glaze defect is generated on a product can be avoided.
And applying a cover glaze on the surface of the green brick to form a protective layer. The dry particle initial melting temperature of the covering glaze is 880-920 ℃. The chemical composition of the cover glaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55％、Al 2 O 3 :16 to 20%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 14 to 21%, alkali metal oxide: 6-10%, znO:4 to 6 percent. The high-temperature dry particles can increase the texture of the glaze, and the flaky effect of the glaze after half polishing is better and outstanding. Conversely, melting of the low temperature dry pellets during firing can reduce the mold effectiveness of the product. As an example, the dry particle chemical composition of the cover slip may include: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55％、Al 2 O 3 ：16～20％、BaO：6～8％、CaO：4～6％、SrO：3.5～4.5％、MgO：1～2％、K 2 O：3.5～5.5％、Na 2 O：3～4％、ZnO：4～6％。
The raw material composition of the covering glaze can comprise: dry granules are as follows by mass percent: 23-26%, suspending agent: 45-50%, stamp-pad ink: 20-24% and protective glaze: 0.5-1%, calcined kaolin slurry: 1 to 2 percent.
The particle size distribution of the dry particles may include: calculated by mass percentage, more than 200 meshes: 0 to 8 percent; 200-325 meshes: 28 to 40 percent; 325 mesh below: 60 to 70 percent. The 200-mesh or larger part means the part staying on the 200-mesh screen. The 325 mesh screen below refers to the portion passing through the 325 mesh screen. The ultrafine dry particles with the particle grading can enhance the texture of the glaze and simultaneously increase the antifouling property of the glaze of the product.
The application mode of the cover glaze is glaze spraying. Glaze spraying is carried out through a swing arm type high-pressure glaze spraying cabinet. In some technical schemes, the specific gravity of the cover glaze is 1.20-1.22, and the glazing amount is 160-250 g/m 2 . If the covering glaze is applied too much, not only is the mould effect not shown, but also the green bricks applied with the covering glaze are easy to be fried after being put into a kiln. The glaze pouring is difficult to be applied to the occasions with lower glaze application amount, and is also not favorable for the discharge effect of the engraving ink, so that the effect of the product mold is reduced.
And drying the green brick after the cover glaze is applied. A drying kiln such as a seven-tier drying kiln may be employed. For example, the drying temperature is 110 to 130 ℃ and the drying time is 50 to 60min. The water content of the dried green brick can be controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And (5) firing. The maximum firing temperature is 1220 to 1230 ℃, and the firing period is 105 to 120min.
And (6) polishing. Preferably half throw. The glaze surface is treated by adopting a multi-combination continuous semi-polishing light brush, and the surface layer is smooth and flat, so that the surface of the rock plate is closer to the effect of natural shale stone.
The preparation method of the rock plate with the shale surface effect combines the matte engraving ink with two surface glaze spraying procedures, and then is matched with the effect net with the hierarchy, so that the shale texture is flexibly customized by the all-digital process, and the obtained product has the concave-convex laminar shale effect and can be used as a replacement scheme of the traditional die forming process. Furthermore, the method combines the design and color design of the ink-jet pattern and is assisted by the treatment of a half-polishing process, so that the texture of the product is more natural, and the uniqueness of the product is obviously improved.
The present invention will be described in detail by way of examples. It is also to be understood that the following examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, and that certain insubstantial modifications and adaptations of the invention by those skilled in the art may be made in light of the above teachings. The specific process parameters and the like of the following examples are also only one example of suitable ranges, i.e., those skilled in the art can select the appropriate ranges through the description herein, and are not limited to the specific values exemplified below.
Example 1
The preparation method of the rock plate with the shale surface effect comprises the following steps:
step 1, pressing the low-shrinkage rock plate base material into a green brick.
And 2, drying the green bricks in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 125 ℃, the drying time is 60min, and the moisture of the dried green bricks is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
Step 3. Applying on the green brick surface of the dried green brick surfaceA first glaze coat. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, the specific gravity is 1.28, and the glazing amount is 210g/m 2 。
And 4, printing matte engraving ink on the brick surface applied with the first glaze. The matte carving ink comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: by mass percent, IL:3% SiO 2 ：45％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％、BaO：5％、CaO：5％、MgO：2.5％、K 2 O：2.5％、Na 2 O：3.5％、B 2 O 3 ：3％、SrO：3％、ZnO：3.5％。
And 5, applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick printed with the ink-jet printing engraving ink. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze with specific gravity of 1.48 and glazing amount of 500g/m 2 。
And 6, ink-jetting and printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the second glaze.
And 7, applying covering glaze on the surface of the green brick with the design pattern printed by ink jet. The chemical composition of the dry particles of the cover glaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48％、Al 2 O 3 ：16％、BaO：6％、CaO：4％、SrO：3.5％、MgO：1％、K 2 O：3.5％、Na 2 O:3%, znO:4 percent. The application mode of the cover glaze is glaze spraying, the specific gravity is 1.22, and the glazing amount is 190g/m 2 。
And 8, drying the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the moisture of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 9, sintering in a roller kiln at high temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 105min.
And 10, performing half-polishing treatment on the burned rock plate.
FIG. 1 is a brick-faced effect diagram of example 1. It can be seen that the product has a laminated shale effect with concave and convex.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the rock plate with the shale surface effect comprises the following steps:
step 1, pressing the low-shrinkage rock plate base material into a green brick.
And 2, drying the green bricks in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 125 ℃, the drying time is 60min, and the moisture of the dried green bricks is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 3, applying a first layer of overglaze on the surface of the dried green brick. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, the specific gravity is 1.20, and the glazing amount is 210g/m 2 。
And 4, printing matte engraving ink on the brick surface applied with the first glaze. The matte carving ink comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: by mass percent, IL:3% SiO 2 ：45％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％、BaO：5％、CaO：5％、MgO：2.5％、K 2 O：2.5％、Na 2 O：3.5％、B 2 O 3 ：3％、SrO：3％、ZnO：3.5％。
And 5, applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick printed with the matte carving ink by ink-jet printing. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze with specific gravity of 1.35 and glazing amount of 500g/m 2 。
And 6, ink-jet printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick after the second glaze is applied.
And 7, applying covering glaze on the surface of the green brick with the design pattern printed by ink jet. The chemical composition of the dry particles of the cover glaze comprises:by mass percent, siO 2 ：48％、Al 2 O 3 ：16％、BaO：6％、CaO：4％、SrO：3.5％、MgO：1％、K 2 O：3.5％、Na 2 O:3%, znO:4 percent. The application mode of the cover glaze is glaze spraying, the specific gravity is 1.22, and the glazing amount is 190g/m 2 。
And 8, drying the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the moisture of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 9, sintering the mixture in a roller kiln at high temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 105min.
And 10, performing half-polishing treatment on the burned rock plate.
Although the total overglaze glazing amount of the comparative example 1 is equivalent to that of the example 1, the shale layering effect of the rock plate is not ideal due to the fact that the glaze surface absorbs water too slowly in the production process, and the gray level difference of the effect net cannot be reflected. Moreover, because the high-grey position of the engraving ink has less blockage of bubbles of the blank by the high-temperature glaze layer, more closed bubbles are formed at the position of the engraving ink.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the rock plate with the shale surface effect comprises the following steps:
step 1, pressing the low-shrinkage rock plate base material into a green brick.
And 2, drying the green bricks in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 125 ℃, the drying time is 60min, and the moisture of the dried green bricks is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 3, applying a first layer of overglaze on the surface of the dried green brick. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:7 to 8 percent of SiO 2 ：45～47％、Al 2 O 3 ：17～18％、BaO：0.3～0.4％、CaO：7～8％、MgO：4～5％、K 2 O：2～3％、Na 2 O：4～5％、ZrO 2 :5 to 6 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, the specific gravity is 1.28, and the glazing amount is 210g/m 2 。
And 4, printing matte engraving ink on the brick surface applied with the first glaze. Matte carvingThe chemical composition of the powder of the engraving ink comprises: by mass percent, IL:3% SiO 2 ：45％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％、BaO：5％、CaO：5％、MgO：2.5％、K 2 O：2.5％、Na 2 O：3.5％、B 2 O 3 ：3％、SrO：3％、ZnO：3.5％。
And 5, applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick printed with the ink-jet printing engraving ink. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:7 to 8 percent of SiO 2 ：45～47％、Al 2 O 3 ：17～18％、BaO：0.3～0.4％、CaO：7～8％、MgO：4～5％、K 2 O：2～3％、Na 2 O：4～5％、ZrO 2 :5 to 6 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze with specific gravity of 1.48 and glazing amount of 500g/m 2 。
And 6, ink-jetting and printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the second glaze.
And 7, applying covering glaze on the surface of the green brick with the design pattern printed by ink jet. The chemical composition of the dry particles of the cover glaze comprises: in terms of mass percent, siO 2 ：48％、Al 2 O 3 ：16％、BaO：6％、CaO：4％、SrO：3.5％、MgO：1％、K 2 O：3.5％、Na 2 O:3%, znO:4 percent. The application mode of the cover glaze is glaze spraying, the specific gravity is 1.22, and the glazing amount is 190g/m 2 。
And 8, drying the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the moisture of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 9, sintering in a roller kiln at high temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 105min.
And 10, performing half-polishing treatment on the fired rock plate.
Comparative example 2 the melting start temperature was low due to the high flux content of the overglaze, the mold effect was unclear, the edge of the engraved ink was smooth, and the shale effect was poor.
Example 2
The preparation method of the rock plate with the shale surface effect comprises the following steps:
step 1, pressing the low-shrinkage rock plate base material into a green brick.
And 2, drying the green bricks in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 125 ℃, the drying time is 60min, and the water content of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 3, applying a first layer of overglaze on the surface of the dried green brick. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The overglaze is applied by spraying glaze with specific gravity of 1.28 and glazing amount of 210g/m 2 。
And 4, printing matte engraving ink on the brick surface applied with the first surface glaze in an ink-jet manner. The matte carving ink comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: by mass percent, IL:3% SiO 2 ：45％、Al 2 O 3 ：24％、BaO：5％、CaO：5％、MgO：2.5％、K 2 O：2.5％、Na 2 O：3.5％、B 2 O 3 ：3％、SrO：3％、ZnO：3.5％。
And 5, applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick printed with the ink-jet printing engraving ink. The overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, IL:3.5% of SiO 2 ：55％、Al 2 O 3 ：25％、CaO：0.4％、MgO：0.1％、K 2 O：4.5％、Na 2 O:2.5%, znO:9 percent. The application mode of the overglaze is glaze spraying, the specific gravity is 1.48, and the glazing amount is 500g/m 2 。
And 6, carrying out ink jet printing on the surface of the green brick sprayed with the second piece of overglaze to form a design pattern, and then continuing to carry out ink jet printing on the engraving ink. The effect web gray level of the inkjet printing engraving ink at this time was 30%.
And 7, applying covering glaze on the surface of the green brick with the design pattern printed by ink jet. The chemical composition of the dry particles of the cover glaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48％、Al 2 O 3 ：16％、BaO：6％、CaO：4％、SrO：3.5％、MgO：1％、K 2 O：3.5％、Na 2 O:3%, znO:4 percent. The application method of the cover glaze is glaze spraying, and the specific gravity is 1.22The glazing amount is 190g/m 2 。
And 8, drying the green bricks after the cover glaze is applied in a drying kiln. The drying temperature is 120 ℃, and the moisture of the dried green brick is controlled within 0.5 wt%.
And 9, sintering the mixture in a roller kiln at high temperature. The maximum firing temperature is 1220 ℃, and the firing period is 105min.
And 10, performing half-polishing treatment on the burned rock plate.
Example 2 can further improve the mold effect compared to example 1. This is because the addition of the inkjet printing engraving ink before the application of the cover glaze can reduce the effect of the cover glaze on the mold effect to enhance the appearance of the shale texture.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a rock plate with a shale surface effect is characterized by comprising the following steps:
applying a first surface glaze on the surface of the green brick; the overglaze comprises the following chemical components: by mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56%、Al 2 O 3 :22 to 26%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 0.4 to 0.6%, alkali metal oxide: 6 to 8 percent of ZrO 2 ：8～10%；
Printing engraving ink on the surface of the green brick after the first surface glaze is applied in an ink-jet manner;
applying a second glaze on the surface of the green brick after ink-jet printing and engraving ink;
printing a design pattern on the surface of the green brick subjected to the second overglaze application in an ink-jet manner;
applying a covering glaze on the surface of the green brick subjected to ink-jet printing of the design pattern; the dry particle chemical composition of the covering glaze comprises: in terms of mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55%、Al 2 O 3 :16 to 20%, alkaline earth metal oxide: 14 to 21%, alkali metal oxide: 6-10%, znO:4 to 6 percent;
and firing and polishing the green bricks after the covering glaze is applied to obtain the rock plate with the shale surface effect.
2. The method according to claim 1,the initial melting temperature of the overglaze is 1150-1180 ℃; preferably, the chemical composition of the overglaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：54～56%、Al 2 O 3 ：22～26%、CaO：0.3～0.4%、MgO：0.1～0.2%、K 2 O：4～5%、Na 2 O：2～3%、ZrO 2 ：8～10%。
3. The method for preparing a ceramic tile according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first overglaze is applied by spraying, preferably, the specific gravity of the first overglaze is 1.25-1.35, and the application amount is 200-300 g/m 2 。
4. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second overglaze is applied by spraying glaze, preferably the specific gravity of the second overglaze is 1.45-1.5, and the glazing amount is 450-600 g/m 2 。
5. The method of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the texture of the engraved ink is represented by a gradient effect mesh having a plurality of gray levels; preferably, the gray scale range of the effect net is 10-80%; more preferably, the gray scale difference between different gray scale levels is 20 to 60%.
6. The preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising ink-jet printing an engraving ink again on the surface of the green brick after the ink-jet printing of the design pattern before applying the cover glaze; preferably, the ink-jet printing engraving ink has an effect screen gray of 20 to 40%.
7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the covering glaze has a melting onset temperature of 880 to 920 ℃; preferably, the dry grain chemical composition of the cover glaze comprises: by mass percent, siO 2 ：48～55%、Al 2 O 3 ：16～20%、BaO：6～8%、CaO：4～6%、SrO：3.5～4.5%、MgO：1～2%、K 2 O：3.5～5.5%、Na 2 O：3～4%、ZnO：4～6%。
8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the cover glaze is applied by spraying glaze, preferably with a specific gravity of 1.20 to 1.22 and an amount of 160 to 250g/m 2 。
9. The process according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the maximum firing temperature is 1220 to 1230 ℃ and the firing period is 105 to 120min.
10. Rock plate with a shale surface effect obtained by the production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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