CN115283730A

CN115283730A - Integrative sword in poor hole of processing thin wall long distance section

Info

Publication number: CN115283730A
Application number: CN202210983619.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张旺旺; 李振丰; 张明敏
Original assignee: D&m Suzhou Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
Current assignee: D&m Suzhou Precision Cutting Tools Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-16
Filing date: 2022-08-16
Publication date: 2022-11-04

Abstract

The invention discloses an integrated cutter for processing a thin-wall long-distance section difference hole, which comprises a drilling tip part, a cutter body front section, a cutter body middle section and a cutter body rear section which are integrally and continuously arranged, wherein the drilling tip part is in a double-vertex-angle shape, the cutter body front section comprises a first stepped drill, a second stepped drill and a third stepped drill, the diameters of the cutting edges of the first stepped drill, the second stepped drill and the third stepped drill are gradually increased in a gradient manner, and the length from the tool tip of the third stepped drill to the tail end of the cutter body middle section is greater than the distance of the section difference hole; through the mode, the combined drilling and reaming tool is particularly suitable for machining thin-wall long-distance section difference hole part materials by combining unique drilling tip and drilling and reaming functions and combining unique support property and chamfer angle composite design of the hole opening.

Description

Integrative sword in poor hole of processing thin wall long distance section

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of cutters, in particular to an integrated cutter for machining a thin-wall long-distance section difference hole.

Background

When a cutter is used for machining a workpiece, machining of the section difference holes is a difficult problem in the drilling field, the section difference holes are formed in an upper layer and a lower layer by machined holes, the middle of each section difference hole is a spacing layer, and if the distance between the spacing layers is long, the machining difficulty of the existing cutter is high.

Aiming at the condition that the processed part material is medium silicon aluminum (10 HRC-15 HRC) and a stepped hole exists, if the wall surface of the wall of the stepped hole has higher coaxiality, roughness and parallelism requirements of the hole wall, the processing method commonly used in the prior art is as follows: the processing can be completed by matching the drill bit, the expanding drill and the reamer.

Regarding the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole product, the machined hard alloy part is generally limited in the industry to meet the requirement that the thin-wall width L is less than 1/2D, wherein D is the finished hole size, L is the part thin-wall width, D is between 10mm and 25mm, the section difference hole distance A is between 80 mm and 150mm, and the part thin-wall width L is between 5mm and 10mm, so that the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole product is obtained.

By utilizing the processing mode, the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole product needs to be processed by using a longer drill bit, a reamer and a reamer under the processing environment of the section difference hole, the self-jumping of the cutter increases the cost, and the processing stability cannot be ensured; moreover, the middle silicon aluminum material is easy to generate the condition of thin wall of the bending section difference hole during processing, the form and position tolerance between the section difference holes is difficult to guarantee, and the processing working hour and the cost of the cutter are multiplied.

Therefore, a cutter body needs to be developed, and the problems of hole processing consistency, thin-wall stress deformation, processing working hours and cutter cost existing when a common cutter is used for processing a section difference hole, particularly a thin-wall long-distance section difference hole, can be solved.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly solves the technical problem of providing the integrated cutter for processing the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole, which has the unique combination of functions of drilling tip and drilling, expanding and reaming, has unique support property and chamfer composite design of a hole opening, and is particularly suitable for processing the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole part material.

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: the utility model provides an integrative sword in processing thin wall long distance section difference hole, including integrative drilling tip portion, cutter body anterior segment, cutter body middle section and the cutter body back end that sets up in succession, drilling tip portion is the form of double vertex angle, the cutter body anterior segment includes that the sword footpath is the first ladder that the gradient increases progressively and bores, second ladder and third ladder and bores, the knife tip of third ladder bores to the length between the cutter body middle section end is greater than the section difference hole distance.

Preferably, the double vertex angles of the drilling tip part comprise a central drilling tip and an outer drilling tip which are integrally arranged, and the corresponding cutting vertex angles are alpha and beta respectively, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 120 degrees and less than or equal to 130 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 6/5 alpha and less than or equal to 4/3 alpha.

Preferably, the axial length a of the double vertex angles is smaller than the width L of the thin wall of the part, and a is more than or equal to 1/4L and less than or equal to 1/3L.

Preferably, the diameter D of the center drill point relative to the finished hole size D satisfies D = D-3x, wherein 1.5mm ≦ x ≦ 3mm.

Preferably, the cutting edge diameter D1 of the first stepped drill is smaller than the finished hole size D, D1= D-2x, wherein x is larger than or equal to 1.5mm and smaller than or equal to 3mm, and the length a1 of the first stepped drill is larger than or equal to a1= L +0.5 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part.

Preferably, the second stepped drill is a reamer, the cutting diameter D2 of the second stepped drill is smaller than the size D of a finished hole, D2= D-x, wherein x is larger than or equal to 1.5mm and smaller than or equal to 3mm, and the length a2 of the second stepped drill relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part is larger than a2= L +0.5.

Preferably, the edge diameter D3 of the third stepped drill is equal to the finished hole size D, and the length a3 of the third stepped drill relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part is equal to a3= L +0.5.

Preferably, the circumference of the middle section of the cutter body is a hexagonal supporting structure, the circumference diameter D4 of the middle section of the cutter body should satisfy D4= D-0.01 relative to the size D of the finished hole, two sides of the rear section of the cutter body are respectively provided with a chamfer groove in a concave manner, and the maximum cutting depth of the chamfer groove satisfies one fourth of the size D of the finished hole.

Preferably, the length from the tool nose of the third step drill to the tail end of the middle section of the tool body is B, the distance of the step hole is A, and the length B = A + m, wherein m is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm.

Preferably, the length direction of drill point portion, cutter body anterior segment, cutter body middle section and cutter body back end is run through and is provided with two interior cold passageway, two interior cold passageway is two spirals and extends the setting to between central drill point and the outer drill point.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

aiming at the technical defects that the existing product for machining the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole is easy to deform due to stress, the form and position tolerance between the section difference holes is difficult to guarantee, the machining working time and the cutter cost are high, the centering effect during machining is realized by means of special drill point design, the consistency of the section difference holes during machining can be kept more efficiently, the drilling, expanding and reaming functions are used for machining and matching double vertex angles on the cutter body in a segmented mode, the stress of a thin-wall part during machining is dispersed, the quality of the machined hole is guaranteed under the condition that the part is not deformed, the bounce of the cutter between the two section difference holes due to the gradual lengthening of the cutter suspension body is further weakened by means of unique support, and the machining stability is improved; the tolerance of the aperture of a thin-wall long-distance section difference hole product processed by the integrated cutter structure can reach 0.04-0.1 mm, the coaxiality of the hole can reach 0.1-0.2 mm, the position degree can reach 0.008-0.02 mm, finally, burrs at an orifice are removed by further combining a cutter body composite chamfering groove after the hole is processed, and a chamfer is synchronously obtained.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of an integral cutter for machining a thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a partial schematic view of an integral tool for machining a thin-walled long-distance stepped bore of the present invention embodying the configuration of the drill tip;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an integral cutter for machining a thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to the present invention, which is used for reflecting the length conditions of different cutter body sections;

FIG. 4 is a partial schematic view of an integral tool for machining a thin-walled long-distance stepped hole according to the present invention, which is used to show the blade diameters of different tool body sections;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a portion of an integrated cutter for machining a thin-walled long-distance stepped hole according to the present invention, which is used to embody the circumferential design of the middle section of the cutter body;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the working state of the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole machined by the method of the present invention;

the parts in the drawings are numbered as follows:

1. drilling a tip part; 11. a central drill point; 12. an outer drill tip; 2. a cutter body front section; 21. a first step drill; 22. a second step drill; 23. a third step drill; 3. a cutter body middle section; 4. a rear section of the cutter body; 5. chamfering grooves; 6. an internal cooling channel.

Detailed Description

The following detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention is provided to enable those skilled in the art to more readily understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and to clearly and unequivocally define the scope of the present invention.

Example (b):

as shown in figure 1, the integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance section difference hole comprises a drilling tip part 1, a cutter body front section 2, a cutter body middle section 3 and a cutter body rear section 4 which are integrally and continuously arranged, and the cutting strength, the quality and the structural stability of the cutter body are ensured by the integrated structure. The cutter body front section 2 comprises a first step drill 21, a second step drill 22 and a third step drill 23 which are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the corresponding blade diameters are increased in a gradient manner; the centering effect during machining is achieved by the double-tip design of the drilling tip 1, as explained in detail below.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the double-apex angle of the drilling tip portion 1 includes a center drill tip 11 and an outer drill tip 12, the center drill tip 11 and the outer drill tip 12 are integrally arranged, and the integrally arranged double-apex angle is designed to ensure centering effect during machining. Furthermore, the cutting vertex angles corresponding to the central drill point 11 and the outer drill point 12 are respectively alpha and beta, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 120 degrees and less than or equal to 130 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 6/5 alpha and less than or equal to 4/3 alpha, so that the axial stress received by the thin-wall part is fully dispersed while the centering is ensured.

As shown in fig. 1, 2, 4 and 5, the axial length a of the double vertex angle should satisfy a width L smaller than the thin wall of the part, and preferably 1/4L ≤ a ≤ 1/3L, L is between 5mm and 10mm as described in the background art, and the edge diameter D of the central drill point 11 should satisfy D = D-3x with respect to the finished hole size D, wherein x is 1.5mm ≤ 3mm, and D is between 10mm and 25mm as described in the background art, so that the central drill point 11 can completely cut into the part while not penetrating through the thin wall of the part, and simultaneously the central drill point 11 can be well centered, and the central drill point 11, in combination with the drilling of the outer drill point 12, can achieve the effect of sufficiently removing the allowance of the part.

As shown in fig. 1, fig. 3 and fig. 4, one end of the cutter body front section 2 close to the drilling tip portion 1 is a first step drill 21, the first step drill 21 is designed as a normal drill, the blade diameter D1 of the first step drill 21 should be smaller than the finished hole size D, and D1= D-2x, wherein x is greater than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3mm, and is mainly used for roughing out a margin, and at this time, the length a1 of the first step drill 21 should satisfy a1= L +0.5 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the second section of the front section 2 of the cutter body is a second stepped drill 22, the second stepped drill 22 is a reamer, the cutting edge diameter D2 of the second stepped drill is smaller than the finished hole dimension D, and D2= D-x, wherein x is larger than or equal to 1.5mm and smaller than or equal to 3mm, and the length a2 of the second stepped drill 22 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part is larger than or equal to a2= L +0.5, which is designed for semi-finishing the machined part.

As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the third section of the cutter body front section 2 is a third stepped drill 23, the diameter D3 of the third stepped drill 23 should be equal to the finished hole size D, and the length a3 of the third stepped drill 23 should satisfy a3= L +0.5 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part, and the reamer is designed for finish machining.

As shown in fig. 1, 5 and 6, the circumferential direction of the cutter body middle section 3 is a six-edge support structure, wherein: the circumferential diameter D4 of the middle section 3 of the cutter body is D4= D-0.01 relative to the size D of a finished hole, the length from the tool tip of the third step drill 23 of the integral tool to the tail end of the middle section 3 of the cutter body is greater than the distance of the step holes, the jump of the cutter between the two step holes caused by the gradual lengthening of the suspended body of the cutter is weakened, and the stability in processing is improved; preferably, the length from the tool nose of the third step drill 23 to the end of the middle section 3 of the tool body is B, the step-difference hole distance is a, and the length and the step-difference hole distance satisfy B = a + m, wherein m is not less than 5mm and not more than 10mm, as described in the background art, a is between 80 mm and 150mm, and this design does not affect the quality of the processed hole wall while ensuring the support property.

As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 6, chamfer grooves 5 are respectively concavely arranged on two sides of the rear section 4 of the cutter body, the chamfer grooves 5 are made by grinding wheels, the maximum cutting depth of the chamfer grooves 5 meets one fourth of the size D of a finished hole, and burrs generated by drilling are removed while the machining requirements are met, and simultaneously the chamfering action is completed. In addition, two inner cooling channels 6 penetrate through the drill tip part 1, the cutter body front section 2, the cutter body middle section 3 and the cutter body rear section 4 in the length direction, the two inner cooling channels 6 extend to a position between the central drill point 11 and the outer drill point 12 in a double-helix mode, and timely flushing cutting and cutting temperature reduction are achieved through fluid media.

The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by the present specification, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an integrative sword in poor hole of processing thin wall long distance section which characterized in that: drill point portion (1), cutter body anterior segment (2), cutter body middle section (3) and cutter body back end (4) including integrative continuous setting, drill point portion (1) is the form of two apex angle types, cutter body anterior segment (2) are first ladder including the sword footpath and bore (21), second ladder and bore (22) and the third ladder that gradient increases progressively and bore (23), the knife tip of third ladder brill (23) extremely length between cutter body middle section (3) the end is greater than the poor hole distance of section.

2. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the double vertex angles of the drilling tip part (1) comprise a central drill tip (11) and an outer drill tip (12) which are integrally arranged, and the corresponding cutting vertex angles are alpha and beta respectively, wherein alpha is more than or equal to 120 degrees and less than or equal to 130 degrees, and beta is more than or equal to 6/5 alpha and less than or equal to 4/3 alpha.

3. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 2, wherein: the axial length a of the double vertex angles is smaller than the width L of the thin wall of the part, and a is more than or equal to 1/4L and less than or equal to 1/3L.

4. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 3, wherein: the cutting diameter D of the central drill point (11) relative to the size D of a finished hole meets D = D-3x, wherein x is more than or equal to 1.5mm and less than or equal to 3mm.

5. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the cutting edge diameter D1 of the first stepped drill (21) is smaller than the finished hole size D, D1= D-2x, wherein x is larger than or equal to 1.5mm and smaller than or equal to 3mm, and the length a1 of the first stepped drill (21) is larger than or equal to a1= L +0.5 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part.

6. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the second stepped drill (22) is a reamer, the cutting edge diameter D2 of the second stepped drill is smaller than the finished hole size D, D2= D-x, wherein x is larger than or equal to 1.5mm and smaller than or equal to 3mm, and the length a2 of the second stepped drill (22) is larger than or equal to a2= L +0.5 relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part.

7. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the edge diameter D3 of the third stepped drill (23) is equal to the finished hole size D, and the length a3 of the third stepped drill (23) relative to the width L of the thin wall of the part is equal to a3= L +0.5.

8. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the circumference of the cutter body middle section (3) is set to be a six-edge supporting structure, the circumference diameter D4 of the cutter body middle section (3) is D4= D-0.01 relative to the size D of a finished hole, two sides of the cutter body rear section (4) are respectively provided with a chamfer groove (5) in a concave mode, and the maximum cutting depth of the chamfer groove (5) meets one fourth of the size D of the finished hole.

9. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein the cutter comprises: the length from the tool nose of the third step drill (23) to the tail end of the middle section (3) of the tool body is B, the distance of the step hole is A, the length and the distance of the step hole meet the condition that B = A + m, wherein m is more than or equal to 5mm and less than or equal to 10mm.

10. The integrated cutter for machining the thin-wall long-distance stepped hole according to claim 1, wherein: the length direction of the drill tip portion (1), the cutter body front section (2), the cutter body middle section (3) and the cutter body rear section (4) is provided with two inner cooling channels (6) in a penetrating mode, and the inner cooling channels (6) extend to a position between the central drill tip (11) and the outer drill tip (12) in a double-helix mode.