CN115283071B

CN115283071B - Construction waste crushing device and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115283071B
Application number: CN202211143218.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李宇; 李营; 时培峰; 时培春; 李晓红; 时港聪
Original assignee: Shandong Xihai Construction Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Shandong Xihai Construction Group Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-20
Filing date: 2022-09-20
Publication date: 2023-03-10
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-20
Also published as: CN115283071A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste crushing device and a using method thereof. Building rubbish breaker includes: the first crushing mechanism is used for crushing the construction waste; the conveying belt mechanism is arranged below the first crushing mechanism; magnetism is inhaled letter sorting mechanism locates conveyer belt mechanism top includes: the magnetic straight blade assembly can be rotatably inserted into the construction waste to adsorb metal substances; the scraping plate is arranged above the magnetic straight blade component and scrapes off metal substances on the magnetic straight blade component; the collecting box is arranged below the scraping plate and used for collecting the scraped metal substances; the first driving mechanism drives the magnetic straight blade assembly to rotate. The method does not cause environmental pollution when crushing, can effectively sort and remove metal substances in the construction waste, obtains products with uniform particle size after deep crushing of concrete particles, and can be used for preparing high-quality baking-free bricks.

Description

Construction waste crushing device and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of construction waste treatment, in particular to a construction waste crushing device and a using method thereof.

Background

The construction waste refers to the general name of the dregs, waste concrete, waste bricks and stones and other wastes generated in the production activities of people in the construction industry such as demolition, construction, decoration, repair and the like. Along with the acceleration of the industrialization and urbanization processes, the construction industry is rapidly developed, the quantity of the Chinese construction waste is increased more than 1/3 of the total quantity of the municipal waste along with the increase of the quantity of the generated construction waste. Along with the improvement of environmental protection and energy saving consciousness, the treatment and the reutilization of the construction waste are significant, wherein the construction waste is crushed to carry out concrete reproduction to manufacture the baking-free brick, and the method is an effective way for recycling the construction waste. Because the main part of the construction waste is made of concrete, steel bars, iron wires and other metals, when the construction waste is put into concrete regeneration, in order to ensure the quality of the regenerated concrete, the metal substances such as the steel bars, the iron wires and the like in the original construction waste must be effectively removed.

At present, when construction waste is crushed, a crusher is generally adopted, the crusher is high in efficiency, but the phenomenon that concrete and metal substances are difficult to completely separate still exists, and the technical problem of 'reinforcing steel bar hanging blocks' is generated.

The invention patent with application number CN201810093753.X discloses a sorting device for treating construction waste, a construction waste recycling system and a method, wherein the sorting device comprises: a frame; locate the frame, bear and transport the belt of building rubbish, the belt includes: an upstream zone segment and a downstream zone segment; a driving mechanism for driving the belt to rotate; and locate the frame and lie in the ascending band section and down take between the section, be close to the output of belt one end of building rubbish arrange, will ferromagnetic substance among the building rubbish adsorb in the ascending band section upper surface reaches the subassembly is inhaled to magnetism of descending band section lower surface, and the descending band section drives ferromagnetic substance and moves to the in-process of keeping away from the one end of the output building rubbish of belt, and ferromagnetic substance progressively falls under the action of gravity, reaches the automatic mesh of rejecting ferromagnetic substance among the building rubbish. The technical scheme has the following technical problems:

1. the adsorption of ferromagnetic substances depends on the magnetic carrier roller below the belt, the magnetic carrier roller is not in direct contact with the ferromagnetic substances, when the building rubbish accumulated on the belt is too high, the ferromagnetic substances far away from the magnetic carrier roller are difficult to be effectively adsorbed, and the sorting effect is not ideal;

2. in the process that the descending belt section drives the ferromagnetic substance to move towards one end, far away from the belt, of the building rubbish output, the ferromagnetic substance falls down under the action of gravity of the ferromagnetic substance to be collected, in the process, the ferromagnetic substance is adsorbed at the bottom of the belt, and before falling, the gravity of the ferromagnetic substance can generate downward pulling force on the belt, so that the service life of the belt is shortened, and the normal operation of a crushing and sorting process is influenced;

3. the second crusher only crushes the construction waste from which the ferromagnetic substances are removed once when finely crushing the construction waste, so that finer concrete particles can be obtained, the uniformity of the particle size of the concrete particles cannot be guaranteed, and high-quality baking-free bricks cannot be produced;

4. the crushing and sorting are carried out in an open space, so that dust is easily raised, the environment is polluted, and the personal health of workers is harmed.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve at least one of the above technical problems, the present invention provides a construction waste crushing device, comprising:

the first crushing mechanism is used for crushing the construction waste;

the conveying belt mechanism is arranged below the first crushing mechanism;

further comprising:

magnetism is inhaled letter sorting mechanism and is located conveyer belt mechanism top includes:

the magnetic straight blade assembly can be rotatably inserted into the construction waste to adsorb metal substances;

the scraping plate is arranged above the magnetic straight blade component and scrapes off metal substances on the magnetic straight blade component;

the collecting box is arranged below the scraper and used for collecting scraped metal substances;

the first driving mechanism drives the magnetic straight blade assembly to rotate.

Preferably, the crusher further comprises a housing having a conical bottom forming a closed crushing space, the housing comprising:

the feeding hole is arranged above the shell, and the lower part of the feeding hole is butted with the first crushing mechanism;

and the first discharge hole is formed in the lowest point of the conical bottom of the shell and is communicated with the output end of the conveying belt mechanism.

Preferably, a transfer box is arranged outside the shell, the transfer box seals and guides the metal substances in the collecting box into a flow guide box inside the shell, the flow guide box is arranged below the conveying belt mechanism, and a second discharge hole communicated with the flow guide box is formed in the bottom of the shell.

Preferably, the magnetic flat blade assembly comprises:

a rotary support having a cylindrical frame disposed horizontally and perpendicular to the conveying direction;

the magnetic straight blades are circumferentially and equidistantly fixed on the rotating bracket to form a group, a plurality of groups of magnetic straight blades are axially and equidistantly arranged, and two adjacent groups of magnetic straight blades are circumferentially staggered; the straight blade of magnetism is fan-shaped, includes:

the magnetic suction area is rectangular and is arranged at the center of the magnetic flat blade, and a permanent magnet is arranged in the magnetic suction area;

the nonmagnetic areas are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the magnetic attraction area;

the squeegee includes:

the scraping plate body is rectangular and is fixed on the shell;

the scraping seam is in a vertical strip shape, and the axial width of the scraping seam is consistent with the thickness of the magnetic straight blade;

the magnetic attraction sorting mechanism is provided with a plurality of magnetic straight blades which are arranged in a staggered mode and are arranged in the same distance along the conveying direction, and every two adjacent magnetic attraction sorting mechanisms are arranged in a staggered mode.

Preferably, the collection box comprises:

the collecting box body is fixed in the shell, extends out of the shell and is in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the rotating support, the rotating support is rotatably sleeved outside the collecting box body, and the axial length of the rotating support is consistent with the width of the shell and the width of the conveying belt mechanism;

the collecting inlet is arranged at the top of the collecting box body and is positioned in the shell;

the collecting outlet is arranged at the bottom of the collecting box body and is positioned outside the shell;

the collecting box is provided with a first driving mechanism, a second driving mechanism and a rotating support, wherein a feeding screw rod is arranged in the collecting box, and a screw rod rotating shaft of the feeding screw rod can rotatably penetrate through the collecting box body and is connected with the rotating support and the first driving mechanism.

Preferably, a second crushing mechanism is arranged below the conveying belt mechanism, and the second crushing mechanism is used for crushing, screening and crushing the sorted construction waste to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size.

Preferably, the second crushing mechanism comprises:

the first crushing pair roller is arranged at the output end of the conveying belt mechanism and is used for secondarily crushing the construction waste;

the second driving mechanism drives the first crushing pair roller to rotate;

the filter screen is arranged below the first crushing pair roller and inclines downwards towards the first discharge port;

the second crushing pair roller is arranged above the first discharge port and is in butt joint with the lowest end of the filter screen;

and the third driving mechanism drives the second crushing pair roller to rotate.

Preferably, a swinging mechanism is arranged between the first crushing pair roller and the filter screen, and the filter screen is knocked when the swinging mechanism swings; the swing mechanism can temporarily store the construction waste after the first crushing pair roller is crushed, swings after the stored construction waste reaches a certain weight, and dumps the temporarily stored construction waste to the filter screen and then resets.

Preferably, the swing mechanism includes:

the swinging shaft is rotatably fixed on the side wall of the shell, and one end of the swinging shaft extends to the outside of the shell and is connected with the handle;

the storage hopper is fixed to be located swing shaft top includes: the center of the bottom of the filter plate is fixedly connected with the swinging shaft and is provided with filter holes with the same diameter as the filter holes; the arc-shaped baffle is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the filter screen, of the upper end surface of the filter plate, and the width of the storage hopper is consistent with that of the shell;

and the knocking rods are fixedly arranged at one end of the lower end surface of the filter plate, which is far away from the filter screen, are L-shaped, the free ends of the knocking rods can knock the filter screen when swinging, and the knocking rods are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the swinging shaft.

The invention provides a use method of a construction waste crushing device, which comprises the following steps:

s100, placing the construction waste into a first crushing mechanism for crushing, and enabling the crushed construction waste to fall onto a conveying belt mechanism below the first crushing mechanism;

step S200, the magnetic suction sorting mechanism carries out magnetic suction sorting on the construction waste on the conveying belt mechanism, and the magnetic suction sorting mechanism specifically comprises the following steps:

step S210, driving a magnetic straight blade component to rotate through a first driving mechanism, inserting the magnetic straight blade component into construction waste when rotating, directly adsorbing metal substances in the construction waste, then rotating the magnetic straight blade component away from the construction waste, taking away the adsorbed metal substances, and finally scraping the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic straight blade component into a collection box through a scraper;

s220, conveying the metal substances in the collecting box into a transfer box through a feeding screw, transferring the metal substances into a flow guide box through the transfer box, and finally discharging from a second discharging hole and collecting the metal substances;

step S300, conveying the construction waste subjected to magnetic attraction sorting to a second crushing mechanism by a conveying belt mechanism, and crushing, screening and crushing to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S310, the construction waste enters a first crushing double roller, and the first crushing double roller is used for crushing the construction waste for the first time;

step S320, the construction waste after primary crushing falls into a storage hopper of a swing mechanism, when the construction waste in the storage hopper reaches a certain amount, the storage hopper swings under the action of gravity, the construction waste stored in the storage hopper is poured into a filter screen, after the storage hopper is emptied, the storage hopper resets under the action of self gravity, a knocking rod knocks the filter screen, and meanwhile, the next storage circulation is started;

and S330, directly discharging the concrete particles with small particle sizes in the filter screen from a first discharge hole of the shell, feeding the concrete particles with large particle sizes into a second crushing roller for secondary crushing, and discharging the concrete particles after secondary crushing from the first discharge hole of the shell.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the magnetic straight blade component of the magnetic sorting mechanism can be inserted into the construction waste and directly contacts with metal substances in the construction waste, so that the magnetic sorting mechanism has stronger magnetic sorting capacity and can efficiently sort out all the metal substances from concrete;

2. the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic straight blade component are scraped into the collecting box through the scraper, so that the normal conveying of the conveying belt mechanism is not influenced, the operation is rapid and convenient, and the collecting efficiency is high;

3. the working mechanisms of the construction waste crushing device are arranged in the shell, so that the construction waste is crushed and sorted in the shell, and the environmental pollution caused by dust raising in the crushing and sorting processes is effectively avoided;

4. the magnetic straight blade of the magnetic sorting mechanism is fan-shaped, and the sharp angle of the fan-shaped blade can enter the scraping seam preferentially to play a role in guiding, so that the magnetic straight blade can be inserted into and penetrate through the scraping seam of the scraper conveniently; the center of the fan-shaped magnetic straight blade is a rectangular magnetic suction area, so that metal substances can be sucked in the area in a concentrated manner; the two sides are nonmagnetic areas, and the metal substances cannot be adsorbed in the areas, so that on one hand, the fan-shaped sharp corners which preferentially pass through the scraping seams are not interfered by the metal substances when passing through the scraping seams, and on the other hand, the fan-shaped sharp corners which pass through the scraping seams can not generate magnetic attraction to the metal substances, so that the metal substances can more rapidly fall into the collecting box, and the scraping efficiency is improved;

5. the magnetic suction sorting mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction, and the magnetic straight blades of two adjacent magnetic suction sorting mechanisms are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the magnetic suction sorting effect can be further improved, and metal substances in the construction waste can be thoroughly removed;

6. the feeding screw is arranged in the collecting box, so that the metal substances collected in the collecting box can be sent to the collecting outlet, meanwhile, a screw rotating shaft of the feeding screw is connected with the rotating support, the rotating support and the feeding screw can be driven to rotate simultaneously through the first driving mechanism, the number of motors is reduced, and the energy is saved and the efficiency is high;

7. the second crushing mechanism is used for crushing, screening and crushing the sorted construction waste, so that on one hand, the grinding effect of concrete particles can be fully guaranteed, the optimal particle size of the baking-free brick can be achieved, on the other hand, fine particles can be prevented from being excessively ground, the uniformity of the whole particle size can be guaranteed, and the quality of the baking-free brick prepared in the later period can be improved;

8. the swinging mechanism in the second crushing mechanism can swing through weight change and regularly knock the filter screen to vibrate the filter screen so as to avoid the filter holes of the filter screen from being blocked, the bottom of the storage hopper of the swinging mechanism is provided with the filter plate, so that the building garbage can be primarily screened in the swinging process, the filtering pressure of the filter screen is shared, and the screening efficiency is improved; in addition, the filter plate is not easy to be blocked because the swinging mechanism carries out regular knocking;

in conclusion, the construction waste crushing device provided by the invention cannot cause environmental pollution during crushing, can effectively sort and remove metal substances in the construction waste to obtain concrete particles without metal substances, and can be used for preparing high-quality baking-free bricks after deep crushing of the concrete particles to obtain products with uniform particle size.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the external structure of the present invention 1;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external structure of the present invention 2;

FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a magnetic attraction sorting mechanism;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a top view of the magnetically attracted sorting mechanism;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the present invention;

FIG. 8 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of FIG. 7;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a second crushing mechanism;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the swing mechanism;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the swing mechanism in a swing state;

fig. 12 is a schematic structural view of the second driving mechanism.

Description of reference numerals:

1. a first crushing mechanism, 2, a conveying belt mechanism,

3. magnetic sorting mechanism 31, magnetic straight blade assembly 311, rotary support 3111, connecting ring 3112, mounting ring 3113, connecting rod 312, magnetic straight blade 3121, magnetic zone 3122, non-magnetic zone,

32. a scraper 321, a scraper body 322, a scraping slit 33, a collecting box 331, a collecting box 332, a collecting inlet 333, a collecting outlet 34, a feeding screw 341 and a screw rotating shaft,

35. a first driving mechanism for driving the first motor to rotate,

4. a second crushing mechanism 41, a first crushing double roller 42, a second driving mechanism 421, a gear box 422, a driving motor 423, a driving chain wheel 424, a driven chain wheel 425, a chain,

43. a swing mechanism 431, a swing shaft 4311, a handle 432, a storage hopper 4321, a filter plate 4322, an arc baffle 433 and a knocking rod,

44. a filter screen 45, a second crushing pair roller 46, a third driving mechanism 47, a first guide plate 48, a second guide plate,

5. the device comprises a shell 51, a feed inlet 52, a first discharge outlet 53, a second discharge outlet 54, a transit box 541, a transit box body 542, a transit inlet 543, a transit outlet 544, an inclined bottom 55 and a diversion box.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention refers to the accompanying drawings and examples:

it should be noted that the structures, proportions, sizes, and the like shown in the drawings are only for the purpose of understanding and reading the contents disclosed in the specification, and are not intended to limit the practical conditions of the present invention, and any modifications of the structures, changes of the proportion relationships, or adjustments of the sizes, which do not affect the efficacy and the achievable purpose of the present invention, should fall within the scope of the technical contents disclosed in the present invention.

In addition, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle" and "one" used in the present specification are for clarity of description, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and the relative relationship between the terms and the terms is not to be construed as a scope of the present invention.

Example 1

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides a construction waste crushing device, including:

the first crushing mechanism 1 is used for crushing the construction waste;

the conveying belt mechanism 2 is arranged below the first crushing mechanism 1;

magnetism is inhaled letter sorting mechanism 3 and is located 2 tops of conveyer belt mechanism, as shown in fig. 4, include:

the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 can be rotatably inserted into the construction waste to adsorb metal substances;

the scraping plate 32 is arranged above the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 and scrapes off metal substances on the magnetic straight blade assembly 31;

a collection box 33 provided below the scraper 32 for collecting the scraped metal substances;

and a first driving mechanism 35 (see fig. 2) for driving the magnetic flat blade assembly 31 to rotate.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, the structure of first broken mechanism 1 is not limited, can adopt the conventional broken structure among the prior art, through motor drive promptly, adopts the broken or jaw breakage of fluted roller formula in fig. 3 etc. to carry out effective breakage to the building rubbish that contains metallic substance (reinforcing bar and iron wire etc.) and concrete. The conveyer belt mechanism 2 adopts a conventional structure that a motor is matched with a conveyer belt, and the description is omitted. The first driving mechanism 35 may adopt a conventional motor driving structure, and is not described in detail.

The working process and working principle of the embodiment are as follows: the construction waste is placed into the first crushing mechanism 1 to be crushed, the crushed construction waste falls onto the conveying belt mechanism 2 below the first crushing mechanism 1, the conveying belt mechanism 2 conveys the construction waste containing metal substances and concrete after being crushed to the next process (determined according to actual process requirements and can be directly collected, or can be collected after secondary crushing of the sorted construction waste), in the conveying process, the magnetic attraction sorting mechanism 3 carries out magnetic attraction sorting on the construction waste on the conveying belt mechanism 2, the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 is driven to rotate through the first driving mechanism 35, the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 is inserted into the construction waste when rotating, the metal substances in the construction waste are directly adsorbed, then the magnetic straight blade assembly leaves the construction waste in a rotating mode, the adsorbed metal substances are taken away, and finally the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 are scraped into the collecting box 33 through the scraper 32 to finish sorting of the metal substances in the construction waste. Because the straight blade subassembly 31 of magnetism can insert in the building rubbish, with the metallics direct contact in the building rubbish, consequently its magnetism is inhaled the letter sorting ability and is stronger, can be efficient sort out the metallics in whole from the concrete, scrape down to the collecting box 33 in through the scraper blade 32 with the metallics that the straight blade subassembly 31 of magnetism adsorbs at last, do not influence the normal transport of conveyor belt mechanism 2, and is swift convenient, collects efficiently.

Example 2

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the embodiment provides a construction waste crushing device, on the basis of embodiment 1, a housing 5 is provided, and each working mechanism of the construction waste crushing device is arranged in the housing 5, so that construction waste is crushed and sorted in the housing 5, and environmental pollution caused by dust flying in the crushing and sorting process is effectively avoided, and the specific technical scheme is as follows,

as shown in fig. 3, a construction waste crushing device further includes a housing 5 having a tapered bottom portion forming a closed crushing space, the housing 5 including:

the feeding hole 51 is arranged above the shell 5, and the lower part of the feeding hole is butted with the first crushing mechanism 1;

and the first discharge hole 52 is arranged at the lowest point of the conical bottom of the shell 5 and is communicated with the output end of the conveying belt mechanism 2.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, feed inlet 51 preferably adopts the feed bin formula structure of cross-section for the toper, can save a quantitative building rubbish to through the control unloading volume of valve (not shown in the figure). The housing 5 has a conical bottom, so that the broken construction waste can be collected from the conical bottom into the first discharge opening 52.

In one specific structure, as shown in fig. 1 and 8, a transfer box 54 is arranged outside the housing 5, the transfer box 54 guides the metal substances in the collecting box 33 into a flow guide box 55 inside the housing 5 in a sealing manner, as shown in fig. 3, the flow guide box 55 is arranged below the conveying belt mechanism 2, and a second discharge port 53 communicated with the flow guide box 55 is arranged at the bottom of the housing 5. In the above technical scheme, the transfer box 54 transfers the metal substances collected in the collection box 33 to the guide box 55 inside the housing 5, and then the metal substances are introduced into the second discharge hole 53 at the bottom of the housing 5 through the guide box 55, and the first discharge hole 52 and the second discharge hole 53 are both arranged at the bottom of the housing 5, so that the concrete and the metal substances obtained after sorting can be collected conveniently.

Example 3

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides a construction waste crushing device, which optimizes the structure of the magnetic attraction sorting mechanism 3 based on embodiment 2 to improve the magnetic attraction sorting efficiency, and has the following specific technical scheme,

as shown in fig. 5, the magnetic flat blade assembly 31 includes:

a rotary holder 311 having a cylindrical frame disposed horizontally and perpendicular to the conveying direction;

the magnetic straight blades 312 are circumferentially and equidistantly fixed on the rotating bracket 311 to form a group, a plurality of groups of magnetic straight blades 312 are axially and equidistantly arranged, and two adjacent groups of magnetic straight blades 312 are circumferentially staggered; the magnetic straight blade 312 is fan-shaped and includes:

the magnetic attraction area 3121 is rectangular and is arranged at the center of the magnetic straight blade 312, and a permanent magnet is arranged inside;

the non-magnetic areas 3122 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the magnetic attraction area 3121;

the squeegee 32 includes: a rectangular scraper body 321 fixed to the housing 5; the scraping seam 322 is in a vertical strip shape, and the axial width of the scraping seam is consistent with the thickness of the magnetic straight blade 312;

the magnetic suction sorting mechanisms 3 are arranged in a plurality of equal intervals along the conveying direction, and the magnetic straight blades 312 of two adjacent magnetic suction sorting mechanisms 3 are arranged in a staggered mode.

In the above technical solution, the rotating bracket 311 adopts a cylindrical skeleton structure, on one hand, a carrier can be provided for fixing the magnetic flat blade 312, so that the magnetic flat blade 312 can rotate along with the rotating bracket 311, and on the other hand, because the skeleton structure has a wide material passing gap, the metal substance peeled off from the magnetic flat blade 312 can smoothly fall into the collecting box 33 without hindrance, and any suitable cylindrical skeleton structure is suitable for the present invention. The straight magnetic blades 312 of two adjacent magnetic sorting mechanisms 3 are staggered, which means that as shown in fig. 6, each straight magnetic blade 312 of one magnetic sorting mechanism 3 is located between two adjacent straight magnetic blades 312 of the adjacent magnetic sorting mechanism 3.

Flat straight blade 312 of magnetism is rotatory along with runing rest 311, insert or leave building rubbish, the flat straight blade 312 of magnetism sets up in groups, when making runing rest 311 rotatory, always have the flat straight blade 312 of magnetism to insert in the building rubbish, carry out magnetism to metallic substance and inhale the letter sorting, the flat straight blade 312 axial of magnetism equidistance sets up the multiunit, can further improve magnetism and inhale letter sorting efficiency on the one hand, on the other hand can comb the shakeout through the flat straight blade 312 of multiunit magnetism to building rubbish, avoid building rubbish to pile up the position when the unloading, the letter sorting effect has further been improved. The two adjacent sets of magnetic straight blades 312 are circumferentially staggered, which means that as shown in fig. 5, one magnetic straight blade 312 of one set of magnetic straight blades 312 is located at the gap between two magnetic straight blades 312 adjacent to the other set of magnetic straight blades 312, and this structure can further ensure that the magnetic straight blades 312 are always inserted into the construction waste during rotation.

The magnetic flat blade 312 is in a fan shape, and the sharp angle of the fan shape can enter the scraping slit 322 preferentially to play a role in guiding, so that the magnetic flat blade 312 can be inserted into and pass through the scraping slit 322 of the scraper 32 conveniently.

The center of the fan-shaped magnetic straight blade 312 is a rectangular magnetic attraction area 3121, which can make metal substances be intensively attracted in the area; both sides are no magnetism district 3122, and metallic substance can not adsorb in this region, can make the fan-shaped closed angle that preferentially passes the crack 322 not receive metallic substance's interference when passing the crack 322 on the one hand, and on the other hand can make the fan-shaped closed angle that passes the crack 322 after not to metallic substance production magnetic attraction, makes metallic substance can be more quick drop to in the collecting box 33, improves and strikes off efficiency.

In one specific structure, the rotating bracket 311 includes:

a connection ring 3111, the inner annular wall of the connection ring 3111 is provided with a connection member, and is connected with the first driving mechanism 35; the structure of the connecting member is not limited, in this embodiment, the connecting member includes a plurality of fixing rods fixed to the inner annular wall of the connection ring 3111 at equal intervals on the circumference, the free ends of the fixing rods are connected to a fixing ring coaxial with the connection ring 3111, and the fixing ring is connected to the first driving mechanism 35;

a plurality of mounting rings 3112 arranged coaxially and equidistantly with the coupling ring 3111, and having a plurality of magnetic straight blades 312 fixed equidistantly in the circumferential direction on the outer circumferential wall;

a plurality of connecting rods 3113 are arranged circumferentially at equal intervals to connect and fix the connecting ring 3111 and the plurality of mounting rings 3112, and preferably 2 to 4 connecting rods 3113, and 4 connecting rods are used in this embodiment.

In one specific structure, the collection tank 33 includes:

the collecting box body 331 is fixed in the shell 5, extends out of the shell 5, and is in a cylindrical shape coaxial with the rotating bracket 311, the rotating bracket 311 is rotatably sleeved outside the collecting box body 331, and the axial length of the rotating bracket 311 is consistent with the width of the shell 5 and the width of the conveying belt mechanism 2;

a collection inlet 332, disposed at the top of the collection box 331, and located inside the housing 5;

a collection outlet 333 which is provided at the bottom of the collection box 331 and is located outside the housing 5;

the collecting box 33 is provided with a feeding screw 34 therein, and a screw rotating shaft 341 of the feeding screw 34 rotatably penetrates through the collecting box 331 and is connected with the rotating bracket 311 and the first driving mechanism 35.

Among the above-mentioned technical scheme, casing 5 is unanimous with the width of conveyer belt mechanism 2, and is obvious, indicates that the inner chamber width of casing 5 is unanimous with the conveyer belt width of conveyer belt mechanism 2, and casing 5 can play the stock stop effect like this, avoids the building rubbish on the conveyer belt mechanism 2 to inhale the in-process that sorts and drops from conveyer belt direction of delivery's both sides. The axial length of runing rest 311 is unanimous with casing 5 and conveyor belt mechanism 2's width, can guarantee to inhale that sorting mechanism 3 carries out the omnidirectional letter sorting to the building rubbish on the conveyor belt mechanism 2, avoids the production at dead angle. The collection tank 331 extends outside the housing 5 to facilitate collection of the metallic substances at the collection outlet 333. The feeding screw 34 is arranged in the collecting box 33, the metal substances collected in the collecting box body 331 can be conveyed to the collecting outlet 333, meanwhile, the screw rotating shaft 341 of the feeding screw 34 is connected with the rotating bracket 311, the rotating bracket 311 and the feeding screw 34 can be driven to rotate simultaneously through the first driving mechanism 35, the number of motors is reduced, and the energy-saving and high-efficiency effects are achieved.

In one specific configuration, as shown in fig. 8, the transfer box 54 includes:

the transfer box body 541 is hermetically fixed on the outer side wall of the shell 5;

a transit inlet 542 communicating with the collection outlet 333;

a transit outlet 543 communicating with the guide box 55 in the housing 5;

an inclined bottom surface 544, which constitutes a bottom of the relay box body 541, is inclined downward toward the inside of the housing 5, and collects the construction waste into the relay outlet 543.

The working process and working principle of the embodiment are as follows: the construction waste falls onto a conveying belt of the conveying belt mechanism 2 after being crushed by the first crushing mechanism 1, the conveying belt mechanism 2 conveys the construction waste to a next process, the first driving mechanism 35 drives the rotary support 311 and the feeding screw 34 to rotate, the plurality of groups of magnetic straight blades 312 rotate to the lower part of the rotary support 311, the construction waste stacked on the conveying belt mechanism 2 is inserted and flattened, meanwhile, metal substances in the construction waste are adsorbed in the magnetic attraction area 3121 of the magnetic straight blades 312, the magnetic straight blades 312 adsorbing the metal substances rotate to the upper part of the rotary support 311 along with the rotation of the rotary support 311, the fan-shaped sharp angle of the non-magnetic area 3122 firstly passes through the scraping slit 322 of the scraping plate 32, then the magnetic attraction area 3121 passes through the scraping slit 322, the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic attraction area 3121 are scraped off by the scraping plate 32, enter the collection box 331 from the collection inlet 332 of the collection box 33 and are conveyed to the collection outlet 333 along with the rotation of the feeding screw 34, the metal substances are guided into the collection outlet 333 from the collection outlet 333, then the diversion box 54 transfers the diversion box 55 inside the shell 5, and finally the metal substances are discharged from the discharge outlet 53.

Example 4

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the embodiment provides a construction waste crushing apparatus, and on the basis of

embodiment

2 or 3, a second crushing mechanism 4 is additionally provided to deeply crush sorted construction waste (i.e., concrete) to obtain fine and uniform concrete particles for preparing high-quality baking-free bricks, and the specific technical scheme is as follows,

as shown in fig. 3, a second crushing mechanism 4 is arranged below the conveying belt mechanism 2, and the second crushing mechanism 4 is used for crushing, screening and crushing the sorted construction waste to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size.

In the above technical scheme, the crushing, screening and crushing means that the sorted construction waste is firstly crushed once, the construction waste after the primary crushing is screened, the construction waste with fine particles directly falls into the conical bottom of the shell 5, and the construction waste with coarse particles falls into the conical bottom of the shell 5 after the secondary crushing. Above-mentioned crushing mode can fully guarantee the grinding effect of concrete particle on the one hand, reaches the best particle diameter of the brick of baking-free of preparation, and on the other hand can avoid the fine particle to be ground excessively, guarantees the homogeneity of whole particle diameter, improves the quality of the brick of baking-free of later stage preparation. Any structure having crushing-screening-crushing effects is suitable for use in the present invention.

In one specific structure, as shown in fig. 9, the second crushing mechanism 4 includes:

the first crushing pair roller 41 is arranged at the output end of the conveying belt mechanism 2 and is used for secondarily crushing the construction waste;

a second driving mechanism 42 for driving the first crushing pair roller 41 to rotate;

a strainer 44 provided below the first crushing pair roller 41 and inclined downward toward the first discharge port 52;

the second crushing pair roller 45 is arranged above the first discharge port 52 and is butted with the lowest end of the filter screen 44;

and a third driving mechanism 46 for driving the second crushing pair roller 45 to rotate.

In the above technical solution, the structures of the second driving mechanism 42 and the third driving mechanism 46 are not limited, and a conventional motor driving structure may be used, and the first crushing pair roller 41, the filter screen 44, and the second crushing pair roller 45 realize the crushing-screening-crushing function of the second crushing mechanism 4, and the screening-crushing efficiency is high.

In one specific configuration, as shown in fig. 12, the second driving mechanism 42 includes:

a gear box 421 fixed on the outer side wall of the shell 5,

a driving motor 422 fixed to the gear box 421;

a driving sprocket 423 fixedly connected with an output end of the driving motor 422;

two driven sprockets 424 symmetrically arranged at two sides of the driving sprocket 423 and fixedly connected with two rotating shafts of the first crushing pair roller 41;

a chain 425 engaged with the driving sprocket 423 and the two driven sprockets 424, and the driving sprocket 423 presses the chain 425 down by a certain distance.

The third driving mechanism 46 has the same structure as the second driving mechanism 42, and when there are two magnetic sorting mechanisms 3, the first driving mechanism 35 can also adopt the above structure.

In the above technical solution, the second driving mechanism 42 and the third driving mechanism 46 adopt a sprocket driving transmission structure, and the number of motors is reduced.

In one specific structure, the second crushing mechanism 4 further includes:

a first guide plate 47 for guiding the construction waste at the output end of the conveyor belt mechanism 2 into the first crushing pair roller 41;

and a second guide plate 48 for guiding the construction waste at the lowest end of the screen 44 into the second crushing pair roller 45.

In the above technical solution, the first guide plate 47 and the second guide plate 48 can further ensure that the construction waste falls into the crushing positions of the first crushing pair roller 41 and the second crushing pair roller 45.

Example 5

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides a construction waste crushing device, and on the basis of embodiment 4, a swing mechanism 43 is additionally provided, which can regularly knock a filter screen 44, so that the filter screen 44 vibrates, and filter holes of the filter screen 44 are prevented from being blocked, and the specific technical scheme is as follows,

a swinging mechanism 43 is arranged between the first crushing pair roller 41 and the filter screen 44, and when the swinging mechanism 43 swings, the filter screen 44 is knocked; the swing mechanism 43 may temporarily store the construction waste crushed by the first crushing pair roller 41, swing the stored construction waste after the stored construction waste reaches a certain weight, and reset the temporarily stored construction waste after dumping the construction waste to the filter screen 44.

In the above technical solution, the swing mechanism 43 is driven to swing by the weight of the construction waste falling into the swing mechanism 43, the filter screen 44 is regularly knocked, no driving source is required, the production cost is reduced, the structure of the swing mechanism 43 is not limited, and in the prior art, the structure that the swing frequency is controlled by gravity by using the lever principle is suitable for the invention, such as the quantitative box in the invention patent with application number CN202110666560.0 or the surprise deer structure in the bamboo tube water flowing device.

In one specific structure, as shown in fig. 9 and 10, the swing mechanism 43 includes:

a swing shaft 431 rotatably fixed on the side wall of the housing 5, and having one end extending to the outside of the housing 5 and connected with a handle 4311;

storage hopper 432, fixed locate oscillating axle 431 top includes: a filter plate 4321, the bottom center of which is fixedly connected with the swing shaft 431 and which has a filter hole with the same aperture as the filter screen 44; the arc-shaped baffle 4322 is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the filter screen 44, of the upper end surface of the filter plate 4321, and the width of the storage hopper 432 is consistent with that of the shell 5;

the knocking rods 433 are fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the filter screen 44, of the lower end face of the filter plate 4321, are L-shaped, the free ends of the knocking rods 433 can knock the filter screen 44 during swinging, and a plurality of knocking rods 433 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the swinging shaft 431.

In the above technical scheme, the handle 4311 can be used for manually controlling the rotation of the swing shaft 431, so that the problem that the storage hopper 432 cannot rotate when tailings are insufficient is avoided, the bottom of the storage hopper 432 is provided with the filter plate 4321, the construction waste can be primarily screened in the swing process, fine particles pass through the filter plate 4321 and directly fall into the conical bottom of the shell 5, the filtering pressure of the filter screen 44 is shared, and the screening efficiency is improved; further, since the swing mechanism 43 performs regular knocking, the filter plates 4321 are also less likely to be clogged. The swing shaft 431 is fixed at the center of the filter plate 4321, and the arc-shaped baffle 4322 and the knocking rod 433 are both fixed at one end far away from the filter screen 44, so that the center of gravity of the storage hopper 432 is located at one end far away from the filter screen 44.

The working process and working principle of the embodiment are as follows: as shown in fig. 11, in an initial state, the knocking rod 433 abuts against the filter screen 44, the filter plate 4321 of the storage hopper 432 tilts upward away from the filter screen 44, and enters a storage state to contain concrete particles falling from the first crushing pair roller 41, when the concrete particles in the storage hopper 432 reach a certain amount, the storage hopper 432 swings under the action of gravity of the concrete particles, the filter plate 4321 approaches the filter screen 44, the storage hopper 432 enters a dumping state to dump the stored concrete particles into the filter screen 44, at this time, the knocking rod 433 moves away from the filter screen 44, and when the storage hopper 432 is emptied, the storage hopper 432 resets under its own gravity, and the knocking rod 433 knocks the filter screen 44 and enters a next storage cycle.

Example 6

With reference to fig. 1 to 12, the present embodiment provides a method for using a construction waste crushing device, which includes the following steps:

step S100, placing the construction waste into a first crushing mechanism 1 for crushing, and enabling the crushed construction waste to fall onto a conveying belt mechanism 2 below the first crushing mechanism 1;

step S200, magnetism is inhaled letter sorting mechanism 3 and is inhaled letter sorting to building rubbish on the conveyer belt mechanism 2, specifically includes following step:

step S210, driving the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 to rotate through the first driving mechanism 35, inserting the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 into construction waste when rotating, directly adsorbing metal substances in the construction waste, then rotating to leave the construction waste, taking away the adsorbed metal substances, and finally scraping the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic straight blade assembly 31 into the collection box 33 through the scraper 32;

step S220, conveying the metal substances in the collection box 33 into the transfer box 54 through the feeding screw 34, transferring the metal substances into the flow guide box 55 through the transfer box 54, and finally discharging the metal substances from the second discharge hole 53 and collecting the metal substances;

step S300, conveying the construction waste subjected to magnetic attraction sorting to a second crushing mechanism 4 by a conveying belt mechanism 2, and crushing, screening and crushing to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S310, the construction waste enters a first crushing double roller 41, and the first crushing double roller 41 performs primary crushing on the construction waste;

step S320, the once crushed construction waste falls into a storage hopper 432 of a swing mechanism 43, when the construction waste in the storage hopper 432 reaches a certain amount, the storage hopper 432 swings under the action of gravity, the stored construction waste is poured into a filter screen 44, when the storage hopper 432 is emptied, the storage hopper is reset under the action of gravity of the storage hopper 432, and a knocking rod 433 knocks the filter screen 44 and enters the next storage cycle;

step S330, directly discharging the concrete particles with small particle size in the filter screen 44 from the first discharge port 52 of the shell 5, feeding the concrete particles with large particle size into the second crushing roller 45 for secondary crushing, and discharging the concrete particles after secondary crushing from the first discharge port 52 of the shell 5.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications which do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be construed as equivalents and are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction waste crushing device comprising:

the first crushing mechanism (1) is used for crushing the construction waste;

the conveying belt mechanism (2) is arranged below the first crushing mechanism (1);

it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

further comprising: magnetic attraction sorting mechanism (3) arranged above the conveying belt mechanism (2) and comprising:

the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) can be rotatably inserted into the construction waste to adsorb metal substances;

the scraper (32) is arranged above the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) and scrapes off metal substances on the magnetic straight blade assembly (31);

a collection box (33) which is arranged below the scraper (32) and collects the scraped metal substances;

a first driving mechanism (35) for driving the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) to rotate;

further comprising a housing (5) having a conical bottom forming a closed crushing space, said housing (5) comprising:

the feeding hole (51) is arranged above the shell (5), and the lower part of the feeding hole is butted with the first crushing mechanism (1);

the first discharge hole (52) is arranged at the lowest point of the conical bottom of the shell (5) and is communicated with the output end of the conveying belt mechanism (2);

the magnetic flat blade assembly (31) comprises:

a rotating frame (311) having a cylindrical frame which is horizontally arranged and is perpendicular to the conveying direction;

the magnetic straight blades (312) are circumferentially and equidistantly fixed on the rotating bracket (311) to form a group, multiple groups of magnetic straight blades (312) are axially and equidistantly arranged, and two adjacent groups of magnetic straight blades (312) are circumferentially staggered; the magnetic flat blade (312) is fan-shaped and comprises:

the magnetic suction area (3121) is rectangular and is arranged at the center of the magnetic straight blade (312) and is internally provided with a permanent magnet;

the nonmagnetic regions (3122) are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the magnetic suction region (3121);

the squeegee (32) includes:

the scraping plate body (321) is rectangular and is fixed on the shell (5);

the scraping seam (322) is in a vertical strip shape, and the axial width of the scraping seam is consistent with the thickness of the magnetic straight blade (312);

a plurality of magnetic suction sorting mechanisms (3) are arranged at equal intervals along the conveying direction, and the magnetic straight blades (312) of two adjacent magnetic suction sorting mechanisms (3) are arranged in a staggered manner;

the collection box (33) comprises:

the collecting box body (331) is fixed in the shell (5), extends out of the shell (5) and is cylindrical with the same axis as the rotating support (311), the rotating support (311) is rotatably sleeved outside the collecting box body (331), and the axial length of the rotating support (311) is consistent with the width of the shell (5) and the width of the conveying belt mechanism (2);

a collection inlet (332) arranged at the top of the collection box body (331) and positioned in the shell (5);

the collection outlet (333) is arranged at the bottom of the collection box body (331) and is positioned outside the shell (5);

a feeding screw rod (34) is arranged in the collecting box (33), and a screw rod rotating shaft (341) of the feeding screw rod (34) can rotatably penetrate through the collecting box body (331) and is connected with the rotating bracket (311) and the first driving mechanism (35).

2. The construction waste crushing device as claimed in claim 1, wherein a transfer box (54) is arranged outside the housing (5), the transfer box (54) guides the metal substances in the collecting box (33) into a flow guide box (55) inside the housing (5) in a sealing manner, the flow guide box (55) is arranged below the conveyor belt mechanism (2), and a second discharge hole (53) communicated with the flow guide box (55) is arranged at the bottom of the housing (5).

3. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 2, wherein a second crushing mechanism (4) is arranged below the conveyor belt mechanism (2), and the second crushing mechanism (4) is used for crushing, screening and crushing the sorted construction waste to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size.

4. The construction waste crushing device according to claim 3,

the second crushing mechanism (4) comprises:

the first crushing pair roller (41) is arranged at the output end of the conveying belt mechanism (2) and is used for secondarily crushing the construction waste;

a second drive mechanism (42) for driving the first crushing pair roller (41) to rotate;

a filter screen (44) which is arranged below the first crushing pair roller (41) and is declined towards the first discharge hole (52);

the second crushing pair roller (45) is arranged above the first discharge port (52) and is butted with the lowest end of the filter screen (44);

a third driving mechanism (46) for driving the second crushing pair roller (45) to rotate.

5. A construction waste breaking device according to claim 4, wherein a swinging mechanism (43) is arranged between the first breaking pair roller (41) and the filter screen (44), and when the swinging mechanism (43) swings, the filter screen (44) is knocked; the swing mechanism (43) can temporarily store the construction waste crushed by the first crushing roller pair (41), swings when the stored construction waste reaches a certain weight, and resets after dumping the temporarily stored construction waste to the filter screen (44).

6. A construction waste breaking device according to claim 5, wherein the swinging mechanism (43) comprises:

the swinging shaft (431) is rotatably fixed on the side wall of the shell (5), one end of the swinging shaft extends to the outside of the shell (5), and the swinging shaft is connected with a handle (4311);

storage hopper (432), fixed locate oscillating shaft (431) top includes: the center of the bottom of the filter plate (4321) is fixedly connected with the swinging shaft (431) and is provided with a filter hole with the same aperture as that of the filter screen (44); the arc-shaped baffle (4322) is fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the filter screen (44), of the upper end face of the filter plate (4321), and the width of the storage hopper (432) is consistent with that of the shell (5);

the knocking rods (433) are fixedly arranged at one end, far away from the filter screen (44), of the lower end face of the filter plate (4321) and are L-shaped, the free ends of the knocking rods can knock the filter screen (44) when swinging, and the knocking rods (433) are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the swinging shaft (431).

7. The use method of the construction waste crushing device according to claim 6, characterized by comprising the following steps:

s100, putting the construction waste into a first crushing mechanism (1) for crushing, and dropping the crushed construction waste onto a conveying belt mechanism (2) below the first crushing mechanism (1);

step S200, the magnetic suction sorting mechanism (3) performs magnetic suction sorting on the construction waste on the conveying belt mechanism (2), and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

step S210, driving the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) to rotate through the first driving mechanism (35), inserting the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) into construction waste when rotating, directly adsorbing metal substances in the construction waste, then rotating away from the construction waste, taking away the adsorbed metal substances, and finally scraping the metal substances adsorbed by the magnetic straight blade assembly (31) into the collection box (33) through the scraper (32);

s220, conveying the metal substances in the collection box (33) into a transfer box (54) through a feeding screw (34), transferring the metal substances into a diversion box (55) through the transfer box (54), and finally discharging from a second discharge hole (53) and collecting the metal substances;

s300, conveying the building garbage subjected to magnetic attraction sorting to a second crushing mechanism (4) by a conveying belt mechanism (2), and crushing, screening and crushing to obtain concrete particles with uniform particle size, wherein the concrete particles specifically comprise the following steps:

s310, the construction waste enters a first crushing double roller (41), and the first crushing double roller (41) crushes the construction waste for one time;

step S320, the construction waste after primary crushing falls into a storage hopper (432) of a swing mechanism (43), when the construction waste in the storage hopper (432) reaches a certain amount, the storage hopper (432) swings under the action of gravity, the construction waste stored in the storage hopper is poured into a filter screen (44), after the storage hopper (432) is emptied, the storage hopper resets under the action of gravity of the storage hopper, a knocking rod (433) knocks the filter screen (44), and meanwhile, the next storage circulation is started;

s330, directly discharging the concrete particles with small particle sizes in the filter screen (44) from the first discharge hole (52) of the shell (5), feeding the concrete particles with large particle sizes into the second crushing pair roller (45) for secondary crushing, and discharging the concrete particles after secondary crushing from the first discharge hole (52) of the shell (5).