CN115280232B - 显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法 - Google Patents
显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法 Download PDFInfo
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- H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
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Abstract
一种显示基板、显示装置和显示基板的制作方法,包括背板(1),依次形成于背板(1)上的发光器件(2)和薄膜封装层(3),背板(1)包括显示区,显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域,显示基板还包括设置于薄膜封装层(3)远离背板(1)的一侧的电致变色单元,电致变色单元至少包括第一区域,第一区域在背板(1)上的投影覆盖像素区域;在发光器件(2)发光时,电致变色单元呈透明态,发光器件(2)不发光时,电致变色单元呈黑态。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及显示产品制作技术领域,尤其涉及一种显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法。
背景技术
为了提升OLED屏幕色域,降低功耗,一般会在OLED上面继续制作RGB彩膜代替偏光片来降低反射率。OLED基板一般包括背板、设置于背板上的电路层、平坦层和OLED器件,背板上的平坦层由于需要设置过孔以实现OLED器件和电路层的电连接,所以不能完全平整,导致OLED器件中的阳极同样不能完全平整,息屏状态下,环境光入射到了不同颜色的像素,反射光方向不同,透过彩膜后,不同方向的会有不同颜色的反射,产生色分离问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题,本发明提供一种显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法,解决在息屏状态下,环境光在发光器件中反射造成的色分离问题。
为了达到上述目的,本发明实施例采用的技术方案是:一种显示基板,包括背板,依次形成于所述背板上的发光器件和薄膜封装层,所述背板包括显示区,所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域,所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的电致变色单元,所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域,所述第一区域在所述背板上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域;
在所述发光器件发光时,所述电致变色单元呈透明态,所述发光器件不发光时,所述电致变色单元呈黑态。
可选的,所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
可选的,还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层,所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用为所述电致变色层。
可选的,所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层和所述第二透明导电层之间。
可选的,所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物,或紫罗精类,或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
可选的,所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
可选的,所述电致变色层在所述背板上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板上的显示区。
可选的,还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层,所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层靠近所述背板的一侧。
可选的,所述发光器件包括沿着远离所述背板的方向依次设置的阳极、发光层和阴极。
本发明实施例还提供一种显示装置,包括上述的显示基板。
本发明实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法,应用于上述的显示基板,包括以下步骤:
提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板;
在所述背板上形成发光器件;
在所述发光器件远离所述背板的一侧形成薄膜封装层;
在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
可选的,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,包括:
沿着远离所述背板的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层上形成第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
可选的,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
在所述第一透明导电层上形成黑矩阵层;
将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料,在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料,形成电致变色层。
可选的,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层上,形成电致变色层。
本发明的有益效果是:所述电致变色单元的设置,在所述发光器件发光时,所述电致变色单元呈透明态,所述发光器件不发光时,所述电致变色单元呈黑态,解决在息屏状态下产生的色分离问题。
附图说明
图1表示本发明实施例中显示基板结构示意图一;
图2表示本发明实施例中显示基板结构示意图二;
图3表示本发明实施例中显示基板结构示意图三。
具体实施方式
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例的附图,对本发明实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然,所描述的实施例是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本发明的实施例,本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
在本发明的描述中,需要说明的是,术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
如图1和图2所示,本实施例中提供一种显示基板,包括背板1,依次形成于所述背板1上的发光器件2和薄膜封装层3,所述背板1包括显示区,所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域,所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧的电致变色单元,所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域,所述第一区域在所述背板1上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域;
在所述发光器件2发光时,所述电致变色单元呈透明态,所述发光器件2不发光时,所述电致变色单元呈黑态。
在所述发光器件发光时,所述电致变色单元为透明态,不会影响显示基板的正常显示,在所述发光器件2不发光时,即显示基板处于息屏状态时,所述电致变色单元呈黑态,阻止了环境光入射到发光器件2的金属电极层上(例如阳极)发生反射,进而避免了色分离现象的产生。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色单元呈透明态时,光线透过率大于92%,所述电致变色单元呈黑态时,光线的透过率小于5%。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板1的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层4、电致变色层5、电解质层6、离子存储层7和第二透明导电层8。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电解质层6的厚度为0.05~0.2um。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电解质层6采用固态或者凝胶态聚合物电解质材料制作,具体的,所述电解质层6可以采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基制成。
本实施例中示例性的,所述离子存储层7的厚度为0.05~0.2um。
本实施例中示例性的,所述离子存储层7采用二氧化钛制作而成。
本实施例中示例性的,所述第一透明导电层4和所述的第二透明导电层8的透明度不是100%透光的,透光率在一定范围内均属于透明(例如大于92%),本实施例中示例性的,所述第一透明导电层4和所述的第二透明导电层8可以采用ITO(氧化铟锡)制成。
本实施例中示例性的,所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧的彩膜层30和黑矩阵层,所述彩膜层30包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用为所述电致变色层5。
需要说明的是,所述像素区域为像素定义层40上的开口位置对应的发光区域,参考图3。
本实施例中,所述彩膜层30和所述黑矩阵层10位于所述第一透明导电层4和所述第二透明导电层8之间。
本实施例中示例性的,所述彩膜层30与所述电解质层6之间设置有平坦化层20。
参考图1,本实施例中示例性的,在所述彩色滤光层中添加电致变色材料,在实现滤光功能的同时,实现电致变色,使得显示基板的厚度减薄。
本实施例中示例性的,所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色层5与所述彩色滤光层集成设置,所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物,或紫罗精类,或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色材料采用电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中制成,所述电致变色高分子聚合物的结构式如下:
其中,m,n,p,为1-无穷的自然整数,R为2-乙基己基。
参考图2,本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色层5在所述背板1上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板1上的显示区。
本实施例中,所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层30和黑矩阵层10,所述彩膜层30包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层10上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,在图2所示的实施方式中,所述彩膜层30和所述黑矩阵层10位于所述第一透明导电层4靠近所述背板的一侧。
在图2所示的实施方式中,彩膜层30位于所述电致变色单元靠近所述背板1的一侧,但并不以此为限,彩膜层30也可以位于所述电致变色单元远离所述背板1的一侧。
所述电致变色层5单独设置,且整体设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧,简化工艺。
本实施例中示例性的,所述发光器件2包括沿着远离所述背板1的方向依次设置的阳极21、发光层23和阴极22。
本实施例中,所述显示基板可以为OLED显示基板,但并不以此为限。
本发明实施例还提供一种显示装置,包括上述的显示基板。
本发明实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法,应用于上述的显示基板,包括以下步骤:
提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板1;
在所述背板1上形成发光器件2;
在所述发光器件2远离所述背板1的一侧形成薄膜封装层3;
在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
本实施例中示例性的,在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,包括:
沿着远离所述背板1的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层3上形成第一透明导电层4、电致变色层5、电解质层6、离子存储层7和第二透明导电层8。
本实施例中示例性的,在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
形成所述第一透明导电层4;
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
在所述第一透明导电层4上形成黑矩阵层;
将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料,在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料,形成电致变色层5;
通过旋涂、喷涂或者涂布印刷的方式形成电解质层6,
通过旋涂、喷涂或者涂布印刷的方式形成离子存储层7。
本实施例中,采用上述电致变色单元,变色响应快,变色速度为5s-30s。,在所述电致变色单元呈黑态时,所述电致变色单元的透光度可降低至<10%。在所述电致变色单元呈无色透明状态时,所述电致变色单元透光度可调节至>95%。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电致变色溶剂与彩色滤光材料以1;5的混合比例混合形成所述混合材料,但并不以此为限。
本实施例中示例性的,在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层4上,形成电致变色层。
在所述电致变色层5单独设置,且所述电致变色层5完全覆盖所述第一透明导电层4的实施方式中,所述彩膜层可以设置于所述电致变色单元远离所述薄膜封装层3的一侧,所述彩膜层也可以设置于所述薄膜封装层3与所述电致变色单元之间。
本实施例中示例性的,所述电解质层采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基制成。
电致变色材料在电压作用下发生氧化还原反映,颜色发生变化,而所述电解质层提供电致变色材料所需要的补偿粒子,所述离子存储层在电致变色材料发生氧化还原反应时起到存储相应的反离子,保持整个体系电荷平衡的作用。
以上所述为本发明较佳实施例,需要说明的是,对于本领域普通技术人员来说,在不脱离本发明所述原理的前提下,还可以做出若干改进和润饰,这些改进和润饰也应视为本发明保护范围。
Claims (12)
1.一种显示基板,包括背板,依次形成于所述背板上的发光器件和薄膜封装层,所述背板包括显示区,所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域,其特征在于,所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的电致变色单元,所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域,所述第一区域在所述背板上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域;
在所述发光器件发光时,所述电致变色单元呈透明态,所述发光器件不发光时,所述电致变色单元呈黑态;
所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层;
还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层,所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用为所述电致变色层。
2.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层和所述第二透明导电层之间。
3.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物,或紫罗精类,或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
5.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述电致变色层在所述背板上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板上的显示区。
6.根据权利要求5所述的显示基板,其特征在于,还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层,所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层,所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口,多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置,所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层靠近所述背板的一侧。
7.根据权利要求1所述的显示基板,其特征在于,所述发光器件包括沿着远离所述背板的方向依次设置的阳极、发光层和阴极。
8.一种显示装置,其特征在于,包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示基板。
9.一种显示基板的制作方法,应用于权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示基板,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:
提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板;
在所述背板上形成发光器件;
在所述发光器件远离所述背板的一侧形成薄膜封装层;
在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
10.根据权利要求9所述的显示基板的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,包括:
沿着远离所述背板的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层上形成第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
11.根据权利要求10所述的显示基板的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
在所述第一透明导电层上形成黑矩阵层;
将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料,在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料,形成电致变色层。
12.根据权利要求10所述的显示基板的制作方法,其特征在于,在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元,具体包括:
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中,获得电致变色溶剂;
将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层上,形成电致变色层。
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