WO2022126365A1 - 显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法 - Google Patents

显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法 Download PDF

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WO2022126365A1
WO2022126365A1 PCT/CN2020/136447 CN2020136447W WO2022126365A1 WO 2022126365 A1 WO2022126365 A1 WO 2022126365A1 CN 2020136447 W CN2020136447 W CN 2020136447W WO 2022126365 A1 WO2022126365 A1 WO 2022126365A1
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layer
electrochromic
display substrate
backplane
color filter
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PCT/CN2020/136447
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English (en)
French (fr)
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杜双
蔡宝鸣
李钊
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京东方科技集团股份有限公司
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Priority to PCT/CN2020/136447 priority Critical patent/WO2022126365A1/zh
Priority to US17/594,057 priority patent/US12063839B2/en
Priority to CN202080003320.6A priority patent/CN115280232B/zh
Publication of WO2022126365A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022126365A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133512—Light shielding layers, e.g. black matrix
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/133509—Filters, e.g. light shielding masks
    • G02F1/133514—Colour filters
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
    • G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
    • G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
    • G02F1/1335—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. polarisers or reflectors
    • G02F1/1336—Illuminating devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1516—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising organic material
    • G02F1/15165—Polymers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/157—Structural association of cells with optical devices, e.g. reflectors or illuminating devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
    • H10K50/80—Constructional details
    • H10K50/86—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K50/865—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. light-blocking layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/80—Constructional details
    • H10K59/8791—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light
    • H10K59/8792—Arrangements for improving contrast, e.g. preventing reflection of ambient light comprising light absorbing layers, e.g. black layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K71/00—Manufacture or treatment specially adapted for the organic devices covered by this subclass
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/1514—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material
    • G02F1/1523—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect characterised by the electrochromic material, e.g. by the electrodeposited material comprising inorganic material
    • G02F1/1524—Transition metal compounds
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/44—Arrangements combining different electro-active layers, e.g. electrochromic, liquid crystal or electroluminescent layers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2201/00—Constructional arrangements not provided for in groups G02F1/00 - G02F7/00
    • G02F2201/52—RGB geometrical arrangements
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F2203/00—Function characteristic
    • G02F2203/64—Normally black display, i.e. the off state being black
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/10—OLED displays
    • H10K59/12—Active-matrix OLED [AMOLED] displays
    • H10K59/1201—Manufacture or treatment
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
    • H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
    • H10K59/30—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission
    • H10K59/38—Devices specially adapted for multicolour light emission comprising colour filters or colour changing media [CCM]

Definitions

  • RGB color filters are generally made on OLEDs instead of polarizers to reduce reflectance.
  • the OLED substrate generally includes a backplane, a circuit layer disposed on the backplane, a flat layer, and an OLED device.
  • the flat layer on the backplane cannot be completely flat due to the need to set vias to realize the electrical connection between the OLED device and the circuit layer, resulting in The anode in the OLED device is also not completely flat.
  • the screen is closed, the ambient light is incident on the pixels of different colors, and the reflected light direction is different. After passing through the color filter, there will be reflections of different colors in different directions, resulting in color separation problems.
  • a display substrate including a backplane, a light-emitting device and a thin film encapsulation layer are sequentially formed on the backplane, the backplane includes a display area, and the The display area includes a plurality of pixel areas arranged in an array, the display substrate further includes an electrochromic unit disposed on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the back plate, the electrochromic unit at least includes a first an area, the projection of the first area on the backplane covers the plurality of pixel areas;
  • the electrochromic unit includes a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer, and a second transparent conductive layer that are sequentially arranged along a direction away from the back plate.
  • the color filter layer also includes a color filter layer and a black matrix layer disposed on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the back plate, and the color filter layer includes color filters corresponding to a plurality of the pixel areas one-to-one.
  • the black matrix layer has a plurality of openings arranged at intervals, a plurality of the color filter layers are located at the opening positions, and the color filter layer is added with an electrochromic material and multiplexed into the electrochromic layer. .
  • the color filter layer and the black matrix layer are located between the first transparent conductive layer and the second transparent conductive layer.
  • the electrochromic material includes at least one of polythiophenes and derivatives thereof, or viologens, or metal phthalocyanine compounds.
  • the color filter layer includes a red filter layer, a green-green layer and a blue filter layer.
  • the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer on the backplane completely covers the display area on the backplane.
  • the color filter layer also includes a color filter layer and a black matrix layer disposed on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the back plate, and the color filter layer includes color filters corresponding to a plurality of the pixel areas one-to-one.
  • the black matrix layer has a plurality of openings arranged at intervals, a plurality of the color filter layers are located at the opening positions, and the color filter layer and the black matrix layer are located close to the first transparent conductive layer. one side of the backplane.
  • the light emitting device includes an anode, a light emitting layer and a cathode disposed in sequence along a direction away from the back plate.
  • Embodiments of the present disclosure further provide a display device including the above-mentioned display substrate.
  • An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for manufacturing a display substrate, which is applied to the above-mentioned display substrate, and includes the following steps:
  • the electrochromic unit is formed on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the back plate.
  • a first transparent conductive layer, an electrochromic layer, an electrolyte layer, an ion storage layer and a second transparent conductive layer are sequentially formed on the thin film encapsulation layer along a direction away from the back plate.
  • forming the electrochromic unit on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the backplane specifically includes:
  • the electrochromic solvent is added to the color filter material and mixed to form a mixed material, and the mixed material is coated at the opening of the black matrix to form an electrochromic layer.
  • forming the electrochromic unit on the side of the thin film encapsulation layer away from the backplane specifically includes:
  • the electrochromic solvent is integrally coated on the first transparent conductive layer to form an electrochromic layer.
  • the electrochromic unit is arranged so that when the light-emitting device emits light, the electrochromic unit is in a transparent state, and when the light-emitting device does not emit light, the electrochromic unit is black state, to solve the problem of color separation in the screen-off state.
  • the orthographic projection of the electrochromic layer 5 on the backplane 1 completely covers the display area on the backplane 1 .

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mathematical Physics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Devices For Indicating Variable Information By Combining Individual Elements (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Electroluminescent Light Sources (AREA)

Abstract

一种显示基板、显示装置和显示基板的制作方法，包括背板（1），依次形成于背板（1）上的发光器件（2）和薄膜封装层（3），背板（1）包括显示区，显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域，显示基板还包括设置于薄膜封装层（3）远离背板（1）的一侧的电致变色单元，电致变色单元至少包括第一区域，第一区域在背板（1）上的投影覆盖像素区域；在发光器件（2）发光时，电致变色单元呈透明态，发光器件（2）不发光时，电致变色单元呈黑态。

Description

显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法 技术领域
本公开涉及显示产品制作技术领域，尤其涉及一种显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法。
背景技术
为了提升OLED屏幕色域，降低功耗，一般会在OLED上面继续制作RGB彩膜代替偏光片来降低反射率。OLED基板一般包括背板、设置于背板上的电路层、平坦层和OLED器件，背板上的平坦层由于需要设置过孔以实现OLED器件和电路层的电连接，所以不能完全平整，导致OLED器件中的阳极同样不能完全平整，息屏状态下，环境光入射到了不同颜色的像素，反射光方向不同，透过彩膜后，不同方向的会有不同颜色的反射，产生色分离问题。
发明内容
为了解决上述技术问题，本公开提供一种显示基板、显示装置及显示基板的制作方法，解决在息屏状态下，环境光在发光器件中反射造成的色分离问题。
为了达到上述目的，本公开实施例采用的技术方案是：一种显示基板，包括背板，依次形成于所述背板上的发光器件和薄膜封装层，所述背板包括显示区，所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域，所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的电致变色单元，所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域，所述第一区域在所述背板上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域；
在所述发光器件发光时，所述电致变色单元呈透明态，所述发光器件不发光时，所述电致变色单元呈黑态。
可选的，所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
可选的，还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层，所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置， 所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用为所述电致变色层。
可选的，所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层和所述第二透明导电层之间。
可选的，所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物，或紫罗精类，或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
可选的，所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
可选的，所述电致变色层在所述背板上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板上的显示区。
可选的，还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层，所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置，所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层靠近所述背板的一侧。
可选的，所述发光器件包括沿着远离所述背板的方向依次设置的阳极、发光层和阴极。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括上述的显示基板。
本公开实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法，应用于上述的显示基板，包括以下步骤：
提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板；
在所述背板上形成发光器件；
在所述发光器件远离所述背板的一侧形成薄膜封装层；
在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
可选的，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，包括：
沿着远离所述背板的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层上形成第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
可选的，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
在所述第一透明导电层上形成黑矩阵层；
将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料，在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料，形成电致变色层。
可选的，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层上，形成电致变色层。
本公开的有益效果是：所述电致变色单元的设置，在所述发光器件发光时，所述电致变色单元呈透明态，所述发光器件不发光时，所述电致变色单元呈黑态，解决在息屏状态下产生的色分离问题。
附图说明
图1表示本公开实施例中显示基板结构示意图一；
图2表示本公开实施例中显示基板结构示意图二；
图3表示本公开实施例中显示基板结构示意图三。
具体实施方式
为使本公开实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合本公开实施例的附图，对本公开实施例的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述。显然，所描述的实施例是本公开的一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于所描述的本公开的实施例，本领域普通技术人员所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本公开保护的范围。
在本公开的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本公开和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本公开的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
如图1和图2所示，本实施例中提供一种显示基板，包括背板1，依次形成于所述背板1上的发光器件2和薄膜封装层3，所述背板1包括显示区，所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域，所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧的电致变色单元，所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域，所述第一区域在所述背板1上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域；
在所述发光器件2发光时，所述电致变色单元呈透明态，所述发光器件2不发光时，所述电致变色单元呈黑态。
在所述发光器件发光时，所述电致变色单元为透明态，不会影响显示基板的正常显示，在所述发光器件2不发光时，即显示基板处于息屏状态时，所述电致变色单元呈黑态，阻止了环境光入射到发光器件2的金属电极层上(例如阳极)发生反射，进而避免了色分离现象的产生。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色单元呈透明态时，光线透过率大于92％，所述电致变色单元呈黑态时，光线的透过率小于5％。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板1的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层4、电致变色层5、电解质层6、离子存储层7和第二透明导电层8。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电解质层6的厚度为0.05～0.2um。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电解质层6采用固态或者凝胶态聚合物电解质材料制作，具体的，所述电解质层6可以采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基制成。
本实施例中示例性的，所述离子存储层7的厚度为0.05～0.2um。
本实施例中示例性的，所述离子存储层7采用二氧化钛制作而成。
本实施例中示例性的，所述第一透明导电层4和所述的第二透明导电层8的透明度不是100％透光的，透光率在一定范围内均属于透明(例如大于92％)，本实施例中示例性的，所述第一透明导电层4和所述的第二透明导电层8可以采用ITO(氧化铟锡)制成。
本实施例中示例性的，所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧的彩膜层30和黑矩阵层，所述彩膜层30包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置，所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用 为所述电致变色层5。
需要说明的是，所述像素区域为像素定义层40上的开口位置对应的发光区域，参考图3。
本实施例中，所述彩膜层30和所述黑矩阵层10位于所述第一透明导电层4和所述第二透明导电层8之间。
本实施例中示例性的，所述彩膜层30与所述电解质层6之间设置有平坦化层20。
参考图1，本实施例中示例性的，在所述彩色滤光层中添加电致变色材料，在实现滤光功能的同时，实现电致变色，使得显示基板的厚度减薄。
本实施例中示例性的，所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色层5与所述彩色滤光层集成设置，所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物，或紫罗精类，或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色材料采用电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中制成，所述电致变色高分子聚合物的结构式如下：
Figure PCTCN2020136447-appb-000001
其中，m,n,p,为1-无穷的自然整数，R为2-乙基己基。
参考图2，本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色层5在所述背板1上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板1上的显示区。
本实施例中，所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层30和黑矩阵层10，所述彩膜层30包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层10上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置，在图2所示的实施方式中，所述彩膜层30和所述黑矩阵层10位于所述第一透明导电层4靠近所述背板的一侧。
在图2所示的实施方式中，彩膜层30位于所述电致变色单元靠近所述背板1的一侧，但并不以此为限，彩膜层30也可以位于所述电致变色单元远离所述背板1的一侧。
所述电致变色层5单独设置，且整体设置于所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧，简化工艺。
本实施例中示例性的，所述发光器件2包括沿着远离所述背板1的方向依次设置的阳极21、发光层23和阴极22。
本实施例中，所述显示基板可以为OLED显示基板，但并不以此为限。
本公开实施例还提供一种显示装置，包括上述的显示基板。
本公开实施例提供一种显示基板的制作方法，应用于上述的显示基板，包括以下步骤：
提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板1；
在所述背板1上形成发光器件2；
在所述发光器件2远离所述背板1的一侧形成薄膜封装层3；
在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
本实施例中示例性的，在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，包括：
沿着远离所述背板1的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层3上形成第一透明导电层4、电致变色层5、电解质层6、离子存储层7和第二透明导电层8。
本实施例中示例性的，在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
形成所述第一透明导电层4；
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
在所述第一透明导电层4上形成黑矩阵层；
将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料，在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料，形成电致变色层5；
通过旋涂、喷涂或者涂布印刷的方式形成电解质层6，
通过旋涂、喷涂或者涂布印刷的方式形成离子存储层7。
本实施例中，采用上述电致变色单元，变色响应快，变色速度为5s-30s。，在所述电致变色单元呈黑态时，所述电致变色单元的透光度可降低至＜10％。在所述电致变色单元呈无色透明状态时，所述电致变色单元透光度可调节至＞95％。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电致变色溶剂与彩色滤光材料以1；5的混合比例混合形成所述混合材料，但并不以此为限。
本实施例中示例性的，在所述薄膜封装层3远离所述背板1的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层4上，形成电致变色层。
在所述电致变色层5单独设置，且所述电致变色层5完全覆盖所述第一透明导电层4的实施方式中，所述彩膜层可以设置于所述电致变色单元远离所述薄膜封装层3的一侧，所述彩膜层也可以设置于所述薄膜封装层3与所述电致变色单元之间。
本实施例中示例性的，所述电解质层采用聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯基制成。
电致变色材料在电压作用下发生氧化还原反映，颜色发生变化，而所述电解质层提供电致变色材料所需要的补偿粒子，所述离子存储层在电致变色材料发生氧化还原反应时起到存储相应的反离子，保持整个体系电荷平衡的作用。
以上所述为本公开较佳实施例，需要说明的是，对于本领域普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本公开所述原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和润饰，这些改进和润饰也应视为本公开保护范围。

Claims (14)

  1. 一种显示基板，包括背板，依次形成于所述背板上的发光器件和薄膜封装层，所述背板包括显示区，所述显示区包括呈阵列式排布的多个像素区域，其中，所述显示基板还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的电致变色单元，所述电致变色单元至少包括第一区域，所述第一区域在所述背板上的投影覆盖所述多个像素区域；
    在所述发光器件发光时，所述电致变色单元呈透明态，所述发光器件不发光时，所述电致变色单元呈黑态。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示基板，其中，所述电致变色单元包括沿远离所述背板的方向依次设置的第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层，所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置，所述彩色滤光层添加电致变色材料复用为所述电致变色层。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一透明导电层和所述第二透明导电层之间。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述电致变色材料包括聚噻吩类及其衍生物，或紫罗精类，或金属酞菁类化合物中的至少一种。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的显示基板，其中，所述彩色滤光层包括红色滤光层、绿色绿光层和蓝色滤光层。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述电致变色层在所述背板上的正投影完全覆盖所述背板上的显示区。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的显示基板，其中，还包括设置于所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧的彩膜层和黑矩阵层，所述彩膜层包括与多个所述像素区域一一对应的彩色滤光层，所述黑矩阵层上具有多个间隔设置的开口，多个所述彩色滤光层位于所述开口位置，所述彩膜层和所述黑矩阵层位于所述第一 透明导电层靠近所述背板的一侧。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的显示基板，其中，所述发光器件包括沿着远离所述背板的方向依次设置的阳极、发光层和阴极。
  10. 一种显示装置，其中，包括权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示基板。
  11. 一种显示基板的制作方法，应用于权利要求1-9任一项所述的显示基板，其中，包括以下步骤：
    提供一具有薄膜晶体管电路层的背板；
    在所述背板上形成发光器件；
    在所述发光器件远离所述背板的一侧形成薄膜封装层；
    在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，包括：
    沿着远离所述背板的方向依次在所述薄膜封装层上形成第一透明导电层、电致变色层、电解质层、离子存储层和第二透明导电层。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
    将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
    在所述第一透明导电层上形成黑矩阵层；
    将电致变色溶剂添加至彩色滤光材料中并混合形成混合材料，在所述黑矩阵的开口处涂覆所述混合材料，形成电致变色层。
  14. 根据权利要求12所述的显示基板的制作方法，其中，在所述薄膜封装层远离所述背板的一侧形成所述电致变色单元，具体包括：
    将电致变色高分子聚合物以质量比为1:4的比例溶解于甲苯溶剂中，获得电致变色溶剂；
    将所述电致变色溶剂整体涂覆于所述第一透明导电层上，形成电致变色层。
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