CN115279531A - Automatic flame brazing device for copper member and automatic flame brazing method for copper member - Google Patents
Automatic flame brazing device for copper member and automatic flame brazing method for copper member Download PDFInfo
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- CN115279531A CN115279531A CN202180019724.9A CN202180019724A CN115279531A CN 115279531 A CN115279531 A CN 115279531A CN 202180019724 A CN202180019724 A CN 202180019724A CN 115279531 A CN115279531 A CN 115279531A
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- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 224
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 114
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 55
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 22
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 21
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 17
- 238000013021 overheating Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000015654 memory Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 4
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/19—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering taking account of the properties of the materials to be soldered
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K20/00—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating
- B23K20/12—Non-electric welding by applying impact or other pressure, with or without the application of heat, e.g. cladding or plating the heat being generated by friction; Friction welding
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
- G01J5/00—Radiation pyrometry, e.g. infrared or optical thermometry
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
- Radiation Pyrometers (AREA)
Abstract
A brazing device (100) as an automatic flame brazing device for a copper member is provided with: a welding torch (25) for heating supplied gas; a positioning mechanism (10) for positioning the welding torch (25); a first temperature measuring means (23) for measuring the temperature of the reduction part of the copper member; a second temperature measuring means (21, 110) for measuring the temperature of the oxidized portion of the copper member; and a control means (120) for causing the brazing device (100) to perform brazing when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion has reached the brazing temperature and is lower than the melting temperature of the copper member and the temperature of the oxidation portion has reached the brazing temperature.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member and an automatic flame brazing method for a copper member.
Background
The conventional automatic brazing apparatus has a structure in which the temperature of a portion heated by a heating device is obtained by a temperature measuring means, and the heating device is moved based on the temperature.
The automatic brazing apparatus of patent document 1 includes a burner for heating, a positioning mechanism of the burner, a controller thereof, a visual sensor for detecting temperature and converting the temperature into visible light by brightness, and an image processing means.
The automatic brazing apparatus of patent document 2 includes a high-frequency induction heating apparatus, a torch heating member, a non-contact temperature measuring member, and a heating control member for controlling the high-frequency heating member, and has a temperature detection region as a region where the surface of the object to be brazed is reduced.
Prior art documents
Patent document
Patent document 1: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 6-182531
Patent document 2: japanese patent laid-open publication No. 8-192262
Disclosure of Invention
Problems to be solved by the invention
In the automatic brazing apparatuses of patent documents 1 and 2, a visual sensor for detecting the temperature of an oxidized portion of a copper pipe that is oxidized or a non-contact temperature measuring instrument for detecting the temperature of a reduced portion of a surface of an object to be brazed is used. Since the emissivity of the oxidation portion and the emissivity of the reduction portion of the copper pipe are significantly different, the temperatures of both cannot be detected by either of them, and therefore the entire temperature distribution cannot be obtained. This may cause both an oxidized portion and a reduced portion to be generated in a joint portion into which a brazing material flows, for example, and thus may reduce the reliability of brazing.
The present disclosure has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present disclosure is to provide an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member and an automatic flame brazing method for a copper member, which can perform brazing with high reliability.
Means for solving the problems
In order to achieve the above object, an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to the present disclosure includes: a torch for heating to which gas is supplied; the positioning mechanism is used for positioning the welding torch; a first temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the reduction part of the copper member; a second temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the oxidized portion of the copper member; and a control means for brazing the copper member by using the automatic flame brazing apparatus when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion has reached the brazing temperature and is lower than the melting temperature of the copper member and the temperature of the oxidation portion has reached the brazing temperature.
ADVANTAGEOUS EFFECTS OF INVENTION
According to the present disclosure, a structure capable of measuring a temperature distribution including both an oxidized part and a reduced part of a copper member can be obtained. This prevents the base material from melting due to overheating occurring in the reduction portion, and allows appropriate temperature recognition of the joint portion into which the brazing material flows, and control of the gas flow rate based on the temperature distribution or control of the position of the welding torch. Therefore, according to the present disclosure, an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member and an automatic flame brazing method for a copper member capable of performing brazing with high reliability can be obtained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a view showing a copper pipe and a brazing joint of an object to be brazed.
Fig. 2 is an overall view of an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a partially enlarged view showing an X portion of fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram of an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a flowchart showing a process of determining a temperature distribution in the automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a diagram showing an example of a temperature profile of gas flow rate control by the automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper members according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a diagram showing the relationship between the oxidation region and the reduction region of the copper tube when the torch swinging operation is performed.
Fig. 8 is a diagram showing an example of a temperature profile of torch oscillation control by the automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper members according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 9 is a view showing brazing of a copper pipe using a brazing filler metal ring according to embodiment 2 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 10 is a view showing brazing of a copper pipe in a case where a brazing-completed pipe is provided in a close portion according to embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 11 is a flowchart showing a process of determining a temperature distribution in the automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to embodiment 3 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram of an automatic flame brazing apparatus for a copper member according to embodiment 4 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 13 is a diagram showing a temperature measurement method for brazing a copper plate according to embodiment 5 of the present disclosure.
Fig. 14 is a view showing an arrow Y, Z in fig. 13, showing a temperature measurement region.
Detailed Description
Embodiment mode 1
First, the structure of the object 300 to be brazed in the present embodiment will be described with reference to fig. 1.
The object 300 to be brazed is composed of a copper pipe 30 as a copper member and a brazing joint 31 in combination. The copper tube 30 is a straight tube made of copper. The brazing joint 31 includes an insertion portion 31a for inserting the copper pipe 30 at one end of the copper straight pipe. The inner diameter of the insertion portion 31a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the copper pipe 30. Further, a surface for receiving the end surface of the copper pipe 30 is provided inside the insertion portion 31a. The copper pipe 30 is inserted into the insertion portion 31a to form the object 300 to be soldered, and the solder is supplied to the gap of the insertion portion.
Next, the structure of a brazing apparatus 100, which is an automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper members according to embodiment 1 of the present disclosure, will be described with reference to fig. 2 and 3.
The brazing apparatus 100 includes a positioning mechanism 10 and a fixing jig 20 attached to the positioning mechanism 10.
The positioning mechanism 10 is a robot device including an arm coupled to a joint, and one end of the arm is capable of freely performing linear motion and rotational motion required for brazing.
The fixing jig 20 is a member in which a member 20a and a member 20b, which extend linearly, are combined in an L shape. The vicinity of one end of the member 20a is mounted to one end of a rotatable arm. The member 20b extends parallel to the axial direction of one end of the brazing apparatus 100.
A visual sensor 21, a noncontact temperature sensor 23, a filler metal supply device 24, and a welding torch 25 for heating are mounted on the member 20b of the fixing jig 20 as temperature distribution measuring means. These components are all oriented to the location of brazing. A band-pass filter 22 is attached to the end portion of the visual sensor 21.
The visual sensor 21 is a sensor for acquiring an image of the soldered portion. A band-pass filter 22 is mounted at the end of the vision sensor 21. The visual sensor 21 is provided to include an oxidized region 51 (a grid portion) as a measurement region, the oxidized region 51 being a part of the insertion portion 31a of the solder joint 31 of fig. 3 heated by the combustion flame 26.
The noncontact temperature sensor 23 is a temperature sensor having a detection wavelength of 3.6 to 3.95 μm. The detection wavelength of the noncontact temperature sensor 23 will be described later. The noncontact temperature sensor 23 sets a reduction region 50 (hatched portion) of the copper pipe 30, the surface of which is cleaned by the reduction action of the combustion flame 26, as a measurement region.
The brazing filler metal feeder 24 moves together with the welding torch 25 by the positioning mechanism 10, and feeds the brazing filler metal at an arbitrary position and posture. The brazing material not shown in fig. 2 is formed in a coil shape. The solder supplying device 24 has a structure in which the solder supplying portion 24a can be moved forward or backward with respect to the object to be soldered by an air cylinder. The brazing material supplying device 24 feeds the brazing material from the end of the brazing material supplying part 24a to the brazing object after the brazing material supplying part 24a approaches the brazing object by the air cylinder at the time of brazing, and supplies the brazing material to the brazing part.
Welding torch 25 can take an arbitrary position and posture by positioning mechanism 10 and perform a swinging motion. A mixed gas of oxygen and a combustible gas such as acetylene, propane, natural gas, or city gas is supplied from gas flow rate adjusting device 130 to welding torch 25. The mixing ratio of the combustible gas and oxygen in the mixed gas is adjusted so that combustion flame 26 has reducibility.
As shown in fig. 3, the combustion flame 26 generated from the welding torch 25 is set to contact a position above the insertion portion 31a of the brazing joint 31, and the insertion portion 31a of the brazing joint 31 is set to contact the joint portion of the copper pipe 30 of the object 300 to be brazed. The reason for this is that the portion of the insertion portion 31a is formed thinner than the unprocessed portion by processing to enlarge the end portion of the pipe for fitting the pipes to each other. When the combustion flame 26 directly contacts the insertion portion 31a, the copper pipe 30 is more likely to be melted and become defective than in the case where the combustion flame 26 is set to contact the upper portion of the insertion portion 31a.
The filler metal supply device 24 is adjusted to a setting where the tip of the filler metal is in contact with a portion several mm above the insertion portion 31a at the time of brazing. The reason for this is to cause the brazing material to flow into the insertion portion 31a.
Next, the structure of the brazing apparatus 100 will be further described with reference to the block diagram of fig. 4.
The image data acquired by the vision sensor 21 is transmitted to the image processing apparatus 110. The image data is first summed as luminance data of each pixel in the region captured by the luminance summing unit 111 of the image processing apparatus 110. The luminance data is further converted into temperature data by the temperature calculation unit 112 of the image processing apparatus 110. The temperature data is sent to the control device 120.
The image Processing apparatus 110 includes a Processor for image Processing such as a DSP (Digital Signal Processor) and a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and a buffer memory for temporarily storing a processed image. The image processing apparatus 110 controls the captured image in the image processing apparatus 110 using a well-known method of image processing.
The temperature data acquired by the noncontact temperature sensor 23 is transmitted to the control device 120 in the same manner as the temperature data from the visual sensor 21.
The brazing temperature determining unit 121 of the control device 120 determines whether or not the brazing temperature has been reached based on the temperature data of the visual sensor 21 and the noncontact temperature sensor 23. The brazing temperature in the present disclosure is a temperature range in which brazing is possible, and is equal to or higher than the lower limit of the temperature range, the brazing temperature is set as the brazing temperature. Based on the determination result, the control device 120 controls the positioning mechanism 10, the brazing material supply device 24, and the gas flow rate adjusting device 130.
The control device 120 includes a control unit 122, a storage unit 123, and a communication unit 124. These components are connected via a communication bus.
The control Unit 122 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit), a ROM (Read Only Memory), and a RAM (Random Access Memory). The CPU is also referred to as a central processing unit, a processor, a microprocessor, a microcomputer, a DSP, or the like, and functions as a central processing unit that executes processing and calculation related to control of the soldering apparatus 100. The control unit 122 reads the program and data stored in the ROM, and uses the RAM as a work area to collectively control the respective units of the soldering apparatus 100.
The storage section 123 includes nonvolatile semiconductor memories such as a flash memory, an EPROM (Erasable Programmable read only memory), and an EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable read only memory). The storage section 123 functions as a so-called secondary storage device or an auxiliary storage device. The storage unit 123 stores programs and data used by the control unit 122 to perform various processes. The storage unit 123 stores data generated or acquired by the control unit 122 by performing various processes.
The communication unit 124 includes a communication interface for communicating with each unit of the soldering apparatus 100. The communication unit 124 performs wireless communication with each unit of the soldering apparatus 100 according to a known communication standard, for example, a Local Area Network (LAN).
Next, the measurement of the temperature distribution of the brazing apparatus 100 will be described.
In the present disclosure, in order to obtain the temperature distribution, the sensor is divided into two in the reduction region 50 and the oxidation region 51. The reason for this is that the emissivity is significantly different between the reduction region 50 and the oxidation region 51, and it is difficult to obtain the temperatures of both with 1 sensor. As a standard of emissivity, the copper (pure copper) on the clean surface of the reduction region 50 is about 0.03, and the oxidized copper of the oxidation region 51 is about 0.7, which are different by about 20 times.
The reduction region 50 is defined as the measurement region of the noncontact temperature sensor 23 for the following two reasons. The first reason is that since the surface state of the reduction region 50 is kept clean, the measurement accuracy of the noncontact temperature measuring device that detects light radiated from the surface of the object to measure the temperature is improved. The second reason is to obtain the temperature of the portion with the highest temperature with which the combustion flame 26 is in contact.
In addition, in order to stably measure the temperature with the noncontact temperature sensor 23, a detection wavelength that is not affected by the combustion flame 26 is required. The combustion flame 26 has peaks in the vicinity of 2.9 μm and in the vicinity of 4.3 μm, and the change is severe. In the vicinity of 3.6 to 3.95 μm between the two peaks, a region where the radiation intensity is completely zero can be confirmed. On the other hand, the infrared relative absorptance of water vapor and carbon dioxide is the same as that of the combustion flame 26, and the absorption rate is zero in the range of 3.6 to 3.95 μm. Therefore, if the detection wavelength of the noncontact temperature sensor 23 is 3.6 to 3.95 μm, it is not affected by the infrared rays radiated from the combustion flame 26, and the ratio of absorption by the water vapor and carbon dioxide from the combustion flame 26 is small. Therefore, the temperature of the copper pipe 30 of the object 300 to be brazed can be accurately measured in the detection wavelength range.
The reason why the visual sensor 21 is provided to include the oxidized region 51 as the measurement region is to obtain the temperature of the oxidized region 51 when both the reduced region 50 and the oxidized region 51 are included in the insertion portion 31a into which the brazing material is made to flow. The image captured by the vision sensor 21 is subjected to the image processing device 110 described later to sum up luminance information, and the luminance is converted into temperature.
In addition, a band-pass filter 22 is attached to the visual sensor 21. The reason for this is to capture the heat radiation from the oxidation region 51 of the red-hot copper pipe 30 and to reduce the influence of the heat radiation from the combustion flame 26. The visual sensor 21 has sensitivity in the range from the visible infrared region to around 700nm to 900nm in the near infrared region. The band-pass filter 22 can detect the heat radiation from the oxidized region 51 with high accuracy by cutting off wavelengths other than 700 to 900 nm.
Next, the operation of the brazing apparatus 100 according to embodiment 1 will be described with reference to the flowchart of fig. 5 in addition to the above-described drawings.
The copper pipe 30 and the brazing joint 31 are previously machined to respective dimensions, and the copper pipe 30 has been inserted into the insertion portion 31a. After a proper amount of combustible gas and oxygen are supplied from a high-pressure gas cylinder and mixed in a mixer, the mixture is ejected from the welding torch 25 by the gas flow rate adjusting device 130, and the mixture is ignited. In addition, the noncontact temperature sensor 23 and the image processing device 110 that processes the image from the visual sensor 21 are preset with a detection region and a threshold value that serves as a criterion for determination. The temperature obtained from the noncontact temperature sensor 23 is referred to as a temperature a, and the temperature obtained from the image processing device 110 that processes the image from the vision sensor 21 is referred to as a temperature B.
Welding torch 25 is set at the heating position shown in fig. 2 by positioning mechanism 10 (step S110). Then, the noncontact temperature sensor 23 captures the state in which the temperature of the reduction region 50 of the copper tube 30 gradually increases, and acquires data of the temperature a (step S120). The visual sensor 21 captures the state in which the temperature of the oxidized region 51 of the copper tube 30 gradually increases, and acquires data of the temperature B (step S122).
The temperature B is obtained from luminance information of the image obtained from the vision sensor 21. As a method for calculating the temperature B, the oxidation region 51 may be set as a region, for example, divided into several regions and the average brightness of the regions may be obtained, or the minimum brightness of the regions may be obtained and temperature conversion may be performed.
First, the temperature a of the portion with the highest temperature with which the combustion flame 26 is in contact reaches the brazing temperature (step S130).
Next, the brazing temperature determining unit 121 determines whether the temperature a reaches the temperature before melting of the brazing material (step S140). The pre-melting temperature of the present disclosure is a temperature close to the melting temperature of the object 300 to be brazed, and is a temperature lower than the melting temperature of the object 300 to be brazed. In the present embodiment, the combustion flame 26 is in contact with the copper tube 30, and therefore can be considered to be a temperature before the copper tube 30 is melted. When the temperature A reaches the temperature before melting (YES in step S140), the brazing temperature determining part 121 outputs an overheating signal to prevent the object 300 from melting (step S145). Upon receiving the overheating signal, the controller 120 causes the gas flow rate adjuster 130 to adjust the gas flow rate, causes the positioning mechanism 10 to swing the welding torch 25, or both. This lowers the temperature a to a temperature lower than the temperature of the object 300 before melting, thereby preventing the object 300 from melting. Then, the process returns to step S120 and step S122.
When the temperature A does not reach the temperature before melting (NO in step S140), the brazing temperature determining part 121 determines whether the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature (step S150). When the temperature B does not reach the brazing temperature (no in step S150), the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs a heating adjustment signal (step S155). Upon receiving the heating adjustment signal, the controller 120 causes the gas flow rate adjuster 130 to adjust the gas flow rate, causes the positioning mechanism 10 to swing the welding torch 25, or both. Then, the process returns to step S120 and step S122.
When the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature (yes in step S150), the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs a temperature increase completion signal (step S160). Upon receiving the temperature increase completion signal, the control device 120 causes the solder supplying device 24 to start supplying solder (step S170). The control device 120 controls the supply amount of the brazing material and the supply speed of the coil-shaped brazing material with respect to the brazing material supply device 24 in order to supply the brazing material in an amount necessary for the brazing. After the solder supplying device 24 supplies the necessary amount of solder, the control device 120 retracts the welding torch 25 to the standby position by the positioning mechanism 10 (step S180), and ends the brazing. Further, when there is a next brazing site, the heating position may be moved to the next brazing site without moving to the standby position.
When the gas flow rate is adjusted by the gas flow rate adjusting device 130, the temperature rise is slowed by suppressing the gas flow rate, and the device stands by until the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature. When it is determined that the temperature B is equal to or higher than the brazing temperature after a predetermined time, the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs a temperature increase completion signal. Upon receiving the temperature increase completion signal, the controller 120 performs the control as described above to end the brazing.
Fig. 6 shows an example of a temperature profile of gas flow control by the automatic flame brazing apparatus. T1 represents a lower limit of the brazing temperature, T2 represents an upper limit of the brazing temperature, T3 represents a melting temperature of the object 300 to be brazed, T1 represents a time when the gas flow rate control is started, T2 represents a time when the supply of the brazing filler metal is started, and T3 represents a time when the supply of the brazing filler metal is completed. During the period from t2 to t3, the brazing material is wound around the brazed joint 31, and the copper pipe 30 and the brazed joint 31 are integrated in surface contact with each other, so that the value of the temperature a and the value of the temperature B are close to each other. The temperature at which the gas flow rate control is started and the temperature at which the supply of the brazing material is started are appropriately set according to the diameter, heat capacity, or shape of the object 300 to be brazed.
When the welding torch 25 is oscillated, the oscillation operation of moving the welding torch 25 up and down with respect to the brazing joint 31 is performed until the temperature of the oxidized region 51 becomes the brazing temperature. Fig. 7 shows the relationship between the reduction region 50 and the oxidation region 51 of the copper tube in the case of the oscillating operation. The swing motion requires setting of the position and speed of the swing in advance. When it is determined that the temperature B is equal to or higher than the brazing temperature after a predetermined time, the brazing temperature determination unit 121 outputs a temperature increase completion signal. Upon receiving the temperature increase completion signal, the controller 120 performs the control as described above to end the brazing.
Fig. 8 shows an example of a temperature profile of torch oscillation control by the automatic flame brazing apparatus. T1 to T3, T2, and T3 are explained as described above, and T1 is the time when the swing control is started. the period from t1 to t2 indicates a case where the welding torch is returned to the original state after being swung up and down once. During the period from t1 to t2, the temperature A moves to a lower temperature and then returns to the vicinity of the original temperature. In addition, as for the temperature B, the temperature rises greatly when the torch is close, and the temperature rises slowly when the torch is returned. the period from t2 to t3 is as described above. The number of times the welding torch is oscillated, the temperature at which oscillation is started, and the temperature at which supply of the brazing material is started are appropriately determined according to the diameter, heat capacity, and shape of the object 300 to be brazed.
When the temperature A exceeds the upper limit of the brazing temperature and approaches the melting temperature of the brazing material before the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature (YES in step S140), an overheating signal is outputted (step S145). When receiving the output of the overheating signal, control device 120 controls the oscillation of welding torch 25 to reduce temperature a to the brazing temperature range, thereby preventing melting.
According to the configuration of embodiment 1, it is possible to prevent the base material from being melted by overheating occurring in the reduction portion, and it is possible to recognize the temperature distribution of the joint portion into which the brazing material capable of generating both the oxidation portion and the reduction portion flows. Therefore, the brazing apparatus 100 controls the gas flow rate or swings the torch in accordance with the temperature distribution, and thus can perform brazing with high reliability. Further, since the temperature distribution is recognized, it is possible to cope with a change in the ambient temperature or the initial temperature of the brazing material 300.
In the conventional configuration, only one sensor is used for temperature acquisition, and only one temperature of the reduction region or the oxidation region can be acquired. For example, in the case of a sensor that obtains only the temperature of the reduction region, only the temperature a is obtained, and the temperature a reaches the brazing temperature. In this case, when the temperature B is lower than the brazing temperature, if the brazing material is supplied, the temperature may be insufficient, and thus insufficient wetting of the brazing material or insufficient surrounding of the brazing material may occur, resulting in a defect. In the case of a sensor that obtains only the temperature of the oxidized region, it is determined that the temperature B has reached the brazing temperature by obtaining only the temperature B. At this time, since the temperature a is higher than the temperature B, the copper pipe may melt and cause a defect.
Embodiment mode 2
The brazing material for the object 300 to be brazed may be supplied by using the ring brazing material 60 shown in fig. 9 as a preliminary brazing material, instead of the brazing material insertion of embodiment 1. Even when the brazing material is supplied as the ring brazing material 60, the method of obtaining the temperature distribution and the method of controlling heating are the same as those in embodiment 1. In the brazing operation, only welding torch 25 is retracted to the standby position, unlike the operation of embodiment 1, after receiving the temperature increase completion signal of fig. 5 (step S160).
According to the configuration of embodiment 2, in addition to the effect of embodiment 1, since the solder supplying device 24 is not required, the device can be configured at low cost. Further, since soldering defects due to the position of insertion of the solder in the solder supplying device 24 being displaced are eliminated, soldering with higher reliability can be achieved.
Embodiment 3
In embodiment 3 shown in fig. 10, when the site to be brazed of the object to be brazed 300 is located close to the brazed tube 32, the temperature set in the oxidized region 52 of the brazed joint 34 is additionally obtained and the object to be brazed is brazed.
The temperature of the brazing-completed tube 32 and the brazing filler metal 33 is obtained immediately before the brazing of the copper tube 30, and the temperature may be higher than that of the copper tube 30 at the start of the brazing. Alternatively, the brazing material used for the brazing-completed tube 32 and the brazing material 33 is different from the copper tube 30, and the melting point of the brazing material 33 may be lower than that of the brazing material of the copper tube 30. In the brazing of the copper pipe 30 under these conditions, it is necessary that the temperature of the brazing joint 34 does not exceed the melting point of the brazing filler metal 33. If the melting point of the filler metal 33 is exceeded, the fillet formed on the filler metal 33 may disappear, and the reliability may be lowered in terms of strength. If the melting point of the brazing material 33 is exceeded, the brazing material 33 may excessively flow into the interior of the soldered joints 34 and leak.
Next, the operation of the brazing apparatus 100 according to embodiment 3 will be described with reference to the flowchart of fig. 11.
In the flowchart of fig. 11, the temperature obtained from the noncontact temperature sensor 23 is referred to as a temperature a, the temperature obtained from the image processing device 110 that processes the image from the vision sensor 21 is referred to as a temperature B, and the temperature obtained from the oxidized region 52 of the brazed portion of the brazed pipe 32 is referred to as a temperature C.
Welding torch 25 is set at the heating position shown in fig. 2 by positioning mechanism 10 (step S310). Then, the noncontact temperature sensor 23 captures the state in which the temperature of the reduction region 50 of the copper tube 30 gradually increases, and acquires data of the temperature a (step S320). The visual sensor 21 captures the state in which the temperature of the oxidized region 51 of the copper tube 30 gradually increases, and acquires data of the temperature B (step S322). Then, the visual sensor 21 captures the state in which the temperature of the oxidized region 52 of the brazing completed pipe 32 gradually increases, and acquires data of the temperature C (step S324).
The temperature C is obtained from the luminance information of the image obtained from the visual sensor 21, as with the temperature B. This calculation method is the same as the calculation method of the temperature B described above.
Next, the brazing temperature determining unit 121 determines whether the temperature C reaches the temperature before melting of the brazing material 33 (step S330). When the temperature C reaches the temperature before melting of the brazing material 33 (yes in step S330), the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs an overheating signal (C) (step S335). When receiving the overheating signal (C), the controller 120 causes the positioning mechanism 10 to swing the welding torch 25 to lower the temperature C to a temperature lower than the temperature before melting of the brazing material, thereby preventing melting of the brazing material 33. After that, the process returns to step S320, step S322, and step S324.
When the temperature C does not reach the temperature before melting of the brazing material 33 (no in step S330), the temperature a of the portion having the highest temperature in contact with the combustion flame 26 reaches the brazing temperature (step S340).
Next, the brazing temperature determining unit 121 determines whether the temperature a reaches the temperature before melting of the brazing material (step S350). When the temperature a reaches the temperature before melting (yes in step S350), the brazing temperature determining part 121 outputs the overheating signal (a) (step S355). When receiving the overheating signal (a), the controller 120 causes the positioning mechanism 10 to swing the welding torch 25. This lowers the temperature a to a temperature lower than the temperature before melting of the brazing material, thereby preventing melting of the brazing material 33. After that, the process returns to step S320, step S322, and step S324.
When the temperature a does not reach the temperature before melting (no in step S350), the brazing temperature determining part 121 determines whether the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature (step S360). When the temperature B does not reach the brazing temperature (no in step S360), the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs a heating adjustment signal (step S365). Upon receiving the heating adjustment signal, the controller 120 causes the gas flow rate adjuster 130 to adjust the gas flow rate, causes the positioning mechanism 10 to swing the welding torch 25, or both. After that, the process returns to step S320, step S322, and step S324.
When the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature (yes in step S360), the brazing temperature determining unit 121 outputs a temperature increase completion signal (step S370). Upon receiving the temperature increase completion signal, the control device 120 causes the solder supplying device 24 to start supplying solder (step S380). The control device 120 controls the supply amount of the brazing material and the supply speed of the coil-shaped brazing material with respect to the brazing material supply device 24 in order to supply the amount of the brazing material necessary for the brazing. After the solder supplying device 24 supplies the necessary amount of solder, the control device 120 retracts the welding torch 25 to the standby position by the positioning mechanism 10 (step S390), and ends the brazing. Further, when there is a next brazing site, the heating position may be moved to the next brazing site without moving to the standby position. Before the temperature B reaches the brazing temperature, when the temperature C approaches the melting temperature of the brazing material and reaches the temperature before melting (YES in step S330), an overheating signal (C) is outputted (step S335). When the temperature A exceeds the upper limit of the brazing temperature, approaches the melting temperature of the brazing material, and reaches the temperature before melting (YES in step S350), an overheating signal (A) is outputted (step S355). When receiving the overheating signal output, the control device 120 performs the above-described control.
In the measurement of the temperature of the oxidized region 52, only the visual field of the visual sensor 21 needs to be enlarged, and the image processing method is the same as that of the oxidized region 51 and has no problem, so that it is not necessary to add a sensor.
According to the configuration of embodiment 3, in addition to the effect of embodiment 1, since the reliability of the brazed tube 32 can be ensured, even a brazed product having an adjacent portion can be stably brazed.
Embodiment 4
The sensor measuring the oxidation area may also be a contactless temperature sensor. In this case, a value of emissivity different from that of the noncontact temperature sensor (first temperature measuring means) 23 that measures the reduction region is set. For example, the emissivity of the sensor measuring the oxidized region is set to 0.7, and the emissivity of the sensor measuring the reduced region is set to 0.03.
Fig. 12 is a block diagram of a brazing apparatus 100 according to embodiment 4. The block diagram of fig. 12 is the same as that of fig. 4 except that a noncontact temperature sensor 21a is provided instead of the vision sensor 21 for measuring the oxidized region.
According to the configuration of embodiment 4, since the image processing device 110 is not required, the device configuration is simple, and the device can be configured at low cost. Further, the image processing program and the related program are not required, and the device start-up period can be shortened.
Embodiment 5
As shown in fig. 13, the object to be brazed 301 may be a copper member, that is, the copper plate 35 and the copper plate 36 may be brazed to each other so that the visual sensor 21 is disposed at a position not affected by the combustion flame 26 from the welding torch 25. A case where the welding torch 25 heats the copper plate 35 and the copper plate 36 from the copper plate 35 side and the brazing filler metal is introduced to braze the object 301 to be brazed when the temperature of the brazing filler metal inflow portion 37 becomes the brazing temperature is considered.
When the object to be brazed 301 is to be brazed by stacking the copper plate 35 and the copper plate 36, it is preferable to heat the object to be brazed from both the copper plate 35 side and the copper plate 36 side by the torch 25. In embodiment 5, a case where there is a restriction on the operation range of the positioning mechanism, or a case where heating is performed only from one side by the presence of a member or the like around the product is considered.
The temperature measurement region in this case will be explained. As shown by an arrow Y in fig. 14, the measurement region of the noncontact temperature sensor 23 is set in the reduction region 53 which is reduced by the influence of the combustion flame 26. The measurement area of the visual sensor 21 is set within the oxidation area 54 of the portion not affected by the welding torch indicated by the arrow Z.
Even in the case of the overlap brazing of the copper plates 35 and 36, the brazing operation is the same as that in fig. 5 of embodiment 1. The welding torch 25 may be heated at a heating position including the copper plates 35 and 36 as shown in fig. 13, or the welding torch 25 may be oscillated to heat the copper plates 35 and 36 to a temperature near the brazing temperature. In this case, a flow of swinging welding torch 25 is added before step S110 in fig. 5.
According to the configuration of embodiment 5, when the object to be brazed 301 is overlapped and brazed as the copper plate 35 and the copper plate 36, the base material can be prevented from being melted by overheating occurring in the reduction portion. In addition, the temperatures of the reduction portion on the front side and the oxidation portion on the back side of the solder inflow portion can be recognized. Therefore, the brazing apparatus 100 controls the gas flow rate or swings the torch in accordance with the temperature distribution, and thus can perform brazing with high reliability. Further, since the temperature distribution is recognized, it is possible to cope with a change in the ambient temperature or the initial temperature of the brazing material 301.
The present disclosure is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications and applications can be made.
In embodiment 1 described above, the visual sensor 21, the noncontact temperature sensor 23, the filler metal supply device 24, and the welding torch 25 are all attached to the fixing jig 20 of the positioning mechanism 10, but may be attached to another mechanism.
The object 300 to be brazed has a butt joint structure of straight pipes, but may be another structure that can have both a reducing portion and an oxidizing portion at the time of brazing.
Further, the visual sensor 21 corresponding to the temperature B and the temperature C and the noncontact temperature sensor 23 corresponding to the temperature a may be sensors having configurations other than the above. For example, a thermal observer that can correspond to the measurement wavelength with the combustion flame interposed therebetween may be used. In this case, the image processing apparatus 110 and the control apparatus 120 have a configuration for appropriately acquiring the temperature a, the temperature B, and the temperature C.
In the overheating signal output (step S145) in fig. 5, the overheating signal (C) output (step S335) and the overheating signal (a) output (step S355) in fig. 11, the oscillation of the welding torch 25, the adjustment of the gas flow rate, or both may be used.
The present disclosure is capable of various embodiments and modifications without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the present disclosure. The above embodiments are illustrative of the present disclosure, and do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. That is, the scope of the present disclosure is not expressed by the embodiments but by the claims. Also, various modifications made within the meaning of the claims and the equivalent disclosure thereof are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
This application is based on Japanese patent application No. 2020-057825, filed on 27/3/2020. The specification, claims and drawings referred to in Japanese patent application No. 2020-057825 are incorporated herein in their entirety.
Industrial applicability
The present disclosure can be applied to brazing of copper members.
Description of reference numerals
10 positioning mechanism, 20 fixing jig, 20a member, 20b member, 21 vision sensor (second temperature measuring means), 21a non-contact temperature sensor (second temperature measuring means), 22 band-pass filter, 23 non-contact temperature sensor (first temperature measuring means), 24 solder supplying device, 24a solder supplying part, 25 welding torch, 26 combustion flame, 30 copper pipe, 31 soldered joint, 31a inserting part, 32 soldered finished pipe (soldered finished copper member), 33 solder, 34 soldered joint, 35 copper plate, 36 copper plate, 37 solder inflow part, 50 reduction region, 51 oxidation region, 52 oxidation region, 53 reduction region, 54 oxidation region, 60 ring solder, 100 soldering device, 110 image processing device (second temperature measuring means, image processing device), 111 total brightness part, 112 temperature calculating part, 120 control device (control means), 121 temperature determination part, 122 control part, 123 storage part, 124 communication part, 130 gas flow rate adjustment device, 300 object to be soldered, 301 object to be soldered.
Claims (12)
1. An automatic flame brazing device for copper members, characterized in that,
the automatic flame brazing device for copper members is provided with:
a welding torch for heating to which gas is supplied;
a positioning mechanism that positions the welding torch;
a first temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the reduction part of the copper member;
a second temperature measuring means for measuring the temperature of the oxidized portion of the copper member; and
and a control means for brazing the copper member by an automatic flame brazing apparatus when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion has reached a brazing temperature and is lower than a melting temperature of the copper member and the temperature of the oxidation portion has reached the brazing temperature.
2. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper members according to claim 1,
the control means swings the welding torch when the temperature of the reduction portion reaches a pre-melting temperature.
3. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper members according to claim 1 or 2,
the control means adjusts at least one of a gas flow rate and a swinging motion of the welding torch when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion is equal to or lower than the brazing temperature and the temperature of the oxidation portion is lower than the brazing temperature.
4. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper structural members as recited in any one of claims 1 to 3,
when the reducing part and the oxidizing part reach the brazing temperature, the control part sends out a signal for judging the supply of the brazing filler metal.
5. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper structural members as recited in any one of claims 1 to 4,
and brazing by using a pre-brazing filler metal placed at the brazing part.
6. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper structural members according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
the second temperature measuring member measures the temperature of an oxidized portion of a brazing-completed copper member that is near the brazed portion and has been brazed.
7. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper structural members as recited in any one of claims 1 to 6,
the first temperature measuring member is provided on the welding torch side of the copper plate where the copper plate is overlapped and brazed, and measures the temperature of the reduction portion, and the second temperature measuring member is provided on the opposite side of the welding torch not affected by the combustion flame, and measures the temperature of the oxidation portion.
8. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper member according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
the second temperature measuring means includes: a vision sensor for capturing an image of the oxidation part; and an image processing unit for processing the image and converting the processed image into temperature.
9. The automatic flame brazing apparatus for copper member according to any one of claims 1 to 8,
the first temperature measuring means and the second temperature measuring means are non-contact temperature measuring devices in which emissivity is set for the reduction portion and the oxidation portion, respectively.
10. An automatic flame brazing method for a copper member is characterized in that,
the automatic flame brazing method for a copper member includes:
heating the copper member by a welding torch;
detecting the temperature of the oxidized part and the temperature of the reduced part of the copper member; and
and a step of performing brazing when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion has reached a brazing temperature and is lower than a melting temperature of the copper member, and the temperature of the oxidation portion has reached the brazing temperature.
11. The automatic flame brazing method for a copper member according to claim 10,
the automatic flame brazing method for a copper member further includes a step of oscillating the welding torch when the temperature of the reduction part reaches a pre-melting temperature.
12. The automatic flame brazing method for a copper member according to claim 10 or 11,
the automatic flame brazing method for a copper member further includes a step of adjusting at least one of a gas flow rate and a swinging of the welding torch when it is determined that the temperature of the reduction portion is equal to or lower than the brazing temperature and the temperature of the oxidation portion is lower than the brazing temperature.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2020057825 | 2020-03-27 | ||
| JP2020-057825 | 2020-03-27 | ||
| PCT/JP2021/012681 WO2021193858A1 (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Automatic torch brazing device for copper member and automatic torch brazing method for copper member |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115279531A true CN115279531A (en) | 2022-11-01 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202180019724.9A Pending CN115279531A (en) | 2020-03-27 | 2021-03-25 | Automatic flame brazing device for copper member and automatic flame brazing method for copper member |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP7162776B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN115279531A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2021193858A1 (en) |
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| CN114669817B (en) * | 2022-05-30 | 2022-08-02 | 山东紫川电子科技有限公司 | High-altitude operation welding robot based on infrared positioning and use method |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP7162776B2 (en) | 2022-10-28 |
| WO2021193858A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
| JPWO2021193858A1 (en) | 2021-09-30 |
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