CN115275598B - Broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with space sharp cutoff characteristic - Google Patents

Broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with space sharp cutoff characteristic Download PDF

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CN115275598B
CN115275598B CN202211188670.1A CN202211188670A CN115275598B CN 115275598 B CN115275598 B CN 115275598B CN 202211188670 A CN202211188670 A CN 202211188670A CN 115275598 B CN115275598 B CN 115275598B
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grid
lambda
grating
sharp cutoff
antenna module
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CN115275598A (en
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任雪
陈哲
何文龙
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Shenzhen University
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Shenzhen University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
    • H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
    • H01Q1/24—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set
    • H01Q1/241—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
    • H01Q15/02—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism
    • H01Q15/08—Refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens, prism formed of solid dielectric material
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
    • H01Q19/06—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using refracting or diffracting devices, e.g. lens
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
    • H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
    • H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with a spatial sharp cutoff characteristic, which comprises: the feed source is a waveguide structure with a standard flange size, and the waveguide structure is provided with a waveguide port; the antenna medium and the feed source are arranged at intervals, the antenna medium is of a periodic grid-shaped lens structure, the periodic grid-shaped lens structure comprises a plurality of spaced grid pieces, the thickness of each grid piece is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, and the distance between every two adjacent grid pieces is gradually increased from the middle to two sides; the supporting structure is connected with the antenna medium and the feed source; the feed source is configured to radiate electromagnetic signals to an antenna medium, and the antenna medium is configured to control the phase of a radiation aperture surface so as to meet the radiation aperture surface electromagnetic distribution requirement required by a target wave beam. The technical scheme of the invention can realize fan-shaped radiation beams, and the radiation beams have good space sharp cutoff characteristics.

Description

Broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with space sharp cutoff characteristic
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microwave communication, in particular to a broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with a spatial sharp cutoff characteristic.
Background
Various antennas currently play a significant role in wireless communication systems, and their performance determines the quality of the radio link and the coverage effect of the radio signal. The sector beam antenna has wide application in imaging systems, remote sensing systems, airplane landing systems and other systems. The fan-shaped beam is characterized in that in the radiation patterns on two orthogonal planes, one of the two orthogonal planes has a wider beam width, and the other one of the two orthogonal planes has a narrower beam width, which has different requirements according to different application scenes. A general sector beam antenna system design only focuses on the width and width of the beam width, and has less focus on the spatial cut-off characteristic and the signal uniformity within the beam width.
In future communication, as the data amount increases and the data transmission rate is required to be higher, broadband communication will play an important role. In addition, with the deployment of a multi-antenna system, the problem of adjacent cell interference of beams between different coverage areas is a problem to be solved, and a radiation beam with a spatial cut-off characteristic is one of solutions. Even under the single-antenna single-beam working scene, the radiation beam with the space cut-off characteristic has very important significance on the aspects of higher efficiency, higher gain, interference suppression capability and the like of the wireless communication system. Generally, such antennas require a relatively complex amplitude-phase distribution to achieve a target pattern, so most antenna designs are based on array technology. The array technology has better amplitude and phase control flexibility, but most of the array technologies face the problems of large size, complex structure, large high-frequency loss and the like.
In view of the above, there is a need for further improvement of the present antenna structure.
Disclosure of Invention
To solve at least one of the above technical problems, it is a primary object of the present invention to provide a broadband fan beam antenna module with a spatially sharp cutoff characteristic.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that: there is provided a broadband fan beam antenna module having a spatially sharp cutoff characteristic, comprising:
the feed source is a waveguide structure with standard flange size, and the waveguide structure is provided with a waveguide port;
the antenna medium is arranged at intervals with the feed source, the antenna medium is of a periodic grid-shaped lens structure, the periodic grid-shaped lens structure comprises a plurality of spaced grid pieces, the thickness of each grid piece is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, and the distance between every two adjacent grid pieces is gradually increased from the middle to two sides;
a support structure connecting the antenna medium and the feed source;
wherein the feed source is configured to radiate electromagnetic signals to an antenna medium configured to control a radiation aperture plane phase to meet a radiation aperture plane electromagnetic distribution requirement required for a target beam.
The grid plates are arranged in a staggered manner, wherein the grid plates are ten grid plates which are respectively a first grid plate to a sixth grid plate, the first grid plate is a single plate and is arranged in the middle, the rest grid plates are two grid plates and are symmetrically arranged relative to the first grid plate, the second grid plate is adjacent to the first grid plate, the sixth grid plate is far away from the first grid plate, and the second grid plate to the sixth grid plate are sequentially arranged from the middle to two sides;
first to fifth intervals are formed between adjacent grid pieces in the first to sixth grid pieces respectively.
Wherein the thickness of the first grid sheet is 0.2-0.3 lambda 0 The thickness of the second grid sheet is 0.2-0.3 lambda 0 The thickness of the third grid plate is 0.2-0.28 lambda 0 The thickness of the fourth grid sheet is 0.14-0.2 lambda 0 The thickness of the fifth grid plate is 0.08-0.18 lambda 0 The thickness of the sixth grid sheet is 0.02-0.07 lambda 0 ；
The first distance is 0.05-0.1 lambda 0 The second distance is 0.05-0.11 lambda 0 The third distance is 0.07-0.15 lambda 0 The fourth interval is 0.1-0.25 lambda 0 The fifth distance is 0.15-0.25 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength.
Wherein the distance between the feed source and the antenna medium is 0.08-0.2 lambda 0 。
The grid plate comprises a rectangular section and a fan-shaped section 112 connected with the wide side of the rectangular section, and the rectangular section is connected with the supporting structure.
Wherein the length of the rectangular section is 2.2-3.6 lambda 0 Width of 0.55-0.8 lambda 0 The height of the segment 112 is 1.2-1.7 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength.
The periodic grating lens structure is formed by 3D printing and is made of resin; or the periodic grating lens structure is machined.
The supporting structure is a plurality of supporting columns, and the two ends of each supporting column are respectively connected with the feed source and the antenna medium.
The technical scheme of the invention mainly comprises a feed source, an antenna medium and a supporting structure, wherein the antenna medium is a grid-shaped medium structure, different equivalent dielectric constants are constructed through the grid-shaped medium structure, the phase of a radiation aperture is modulated by controlling the change of the dielectric constants, and the phase of the middle part of the radiation aperture lags the phase of the periphery by half a period, so that the radiation of a high-performance fan-shaped beam is realized; in the aspect of narrow beams, the paths of electromagnetic fields are controlled to meet the same phase distribution on a narrow beam surface as much as possible, so that pencil beam radiation is realized. The antenna of the embodiment has the advantages of simple structure, compact size, excellent beam sharp cutting capability, stable beam internal gain and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a side view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a top view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 3 is another side view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to one embodiment of the present invention;
figure 4 is yet another side view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a simulation and test curve of S11 corresponding to the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with sharp spatial cutoff of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a gain simulation and test curve corresponding to the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with a sharp spatial cutoff characteristic according to the present invention;
FIGS. 7 and 8 are respectively the broadband radiation patterns obtained by simulation and test of the E-plane and H-plane of the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic of the present invention operating at a frequency of 26 GHz;
fig. 9 and 10 are broadband radiation patterns obtained by simulation and test of the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic, which works at the frequency of 31 GHz, of the E-plane and the H-plane respectively.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the description of the invention relating to "first", "second", etc. is for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying any relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a broadband sector radiation beam antenna module with a spatial sharp cutoff characteristic, aiming at realizing sector radiation beams on the premise of low cost and simple structure, and simultaneously the radiation beams have good spatial sharp cutoff characteristic, so that the performance of the antenna can be improved. The specific structure of the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatially sharp cutoff characteristic refers to the following embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, fig. 1 is a side view of a broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with a spatially sharp cutoff characteristic according to an embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a top view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to an embodiment of the present invention; figure 3 is another side view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff according to one embodiment of the present invention; figure 4 is another side view of a broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff characteristics in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In an embodiment of the present invention, the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with a spatially sharp cutoff characteristic includes: feed 200, antenna medium 100, and support structure 300.
The feed 200, the antenna medium 100 and the support structure 300 will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
The feed source 200, the feed source 200 is a waveguide structure with standard flange size, and the waveguide structure is provided with a waveguide port 210;
the antenna comprises an antenna medium 100, the antenna medium 100 and a feed source 200 are arranged at intervals, the antenna medium 100 is a periodic grid-shaped lens structure, the periodic grid-shaped lens structure comprises a plurality of grid pieces 110 at intervals, the thickness of each grid piece 110 is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, and the distance 120 between every two adjacent grid pieces 110 is gradually increased from the middle to two sides;
a support structure 300, the support structure 300 connecting the antenna medium 100 and the feed 200;
wherein the feed 200 is configured to radiate electromagnetic signals to the antenna medium 100, and the antenna medium 100 is configured to control the phase of the radiation aperture so as to meet the radiation aperture electromagnetic distribution requirement required by the target beam.
In this embodiment, the antenna medium 100 is a periodic grating lens structure, the feed source 200 is specifically a waveguide structure, the periodic grating lens structure is an upper portion of the antenna, the waveguide structure is a lower portion of the antenna, the two portions are arranged in a spaced manner, and the two portions are connected through the support structure 300. For the periodic grating lens structure, it includes a plurality of grating sheets 110 arranged at intervals, each grating sheet 110 has the same size and different thickness, and each grating sheet 110 is arranged in parallel. Specifically, the gate 110 at the center among the plurality of gates 110 is thick, the adhesive sheets at both sides are thin, and the thickness of the entire gate 110 is gradually reduced from the center to both sides. The radiation apertures are formed between the intervals of the adjacent grid plates 110, the radiation apertures on the two sides are wider, the radiation aperture in the middle is smaller, and the whole interval 120 gradually increases from the middle to the two sides.
During operation, the feed source 200 radiates electromagnetic signals to the antenna medium 100, the antenna medium 100 controls the phase of a radiation aperture surface, specifically, different equivalent dielectric constants are constructed through a periodic grid-shaped lens structure, the phase of the radiation aperture is modulated by controlling the change of the dielectric constant, wherein the phase of the middle part of the aperture lags the phase of the peripheral phase by a half period, so that high-performance fan-shaped beam radiation is realized; in the aspect of narrow beam, the electromagnetic field can meet the same phase distribution on the narrow beam surface as far as possible by controlling the passing path of the electromagnetic field, so that pencil beam radiation is realized, and the performance of the antenna is improved.
In a specific embodiment, there are ten grid pieces of the grid pieces 110, which are respectively a first grid piece 111 to a sixth grid piece 116, the first grid piece 111 is a single piece and is centrally disposed, the remaining grid pieces 110 are two pieces and are symmetrically disposed with respect to the first grid piece 111, the second grid piece 112 is adjacent to the first grid piece 111, the sixth grid piece 116 is far away from the first grid piece 111, and the second grid piece 112 to the sixth grid piece 116 are sequentially arranged from the middle to both sides;
first to fifth pitches 121 to 125 are respectively formed between adjacent ones of the first to sixth gates 111 to 116.
Specifically, the number of the grid plates 110 is odd, the number of the grid plates 110 is 11, and the grid plates 110 on both sides are symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle grid plate 110. Correspondingly, the number of the second grid 112 to the sixth grid 116 is 2, and the number of the first grid 111 is 1.
Further, the thickness of the first gate 111 is 0.2 to 0.3 λ 0 The thickness of the second grid 112 is 0.2-0.3 lambda 0 The thickness of the third grid 113 is 0.2-0.28 lambda 0 The thickness of the fourth grid plate 114 is 0.14-0.2 lambda 0 The thickness of the fifth grid 115 is 0.08-0.18 lambda 0 The thickness of the sixth grid plate 116 is 0.02-0.07 lambda 0 . Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength. It is understood that the thickness of the first gate 111 may be 0.2 λ 0 、0.25λ 0 And 0.3 lambda 0 Etc., the thickness of the second gate 112 may be 0.2 λ 0 、0.25λ 0 And 0.3 lambda 0 The thicknesses of the first and second gates 111 and 112 may be the same. The third gate 113 may have a thickness of 0.2 λ 0 、0.24λ 0 、0.28λ 0 The thickness of the fourth grid 114 can be selected to be 0.14 lambda 0 、0.16λ 0 、0.2λ 0 The thickness of the fifth grid 115 may be selected to be 0.08 lambda 0 、0.12λ 0 、0.18λ 0 The thickness of the sixth gate 116 may be selected to be 0.02 λ 0 、0.04λ 0 、0.07λ 0 . It is understood that the thicknesses of the first to sixth grids 111 to 116 may be designed according to practical requirements, and are not limited herein.
Since the first to sixth grids 111 to 116 are arranged at intervals, the number of the spaces 120 is ten, and the radiation apertures are symmetrically arranged. FromThe middle of the periodic grid-shaped lens structure is sequentially as follows: first pitch 121 through fifth pitch 125. The first distance 121 is 0.05-0.1 lambda 0 The second spacing 122 is 0.05-0.11 lambda 0 And the third distance 123 is 0.07-0.15 lambda 0 And the fourth spacing 124 is 0.1-0.25 lambda 0 And the fifth spacing 125 is 0.15-0.25 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength. The first radiation aperture can be selected to be 0.05 lambda 0 、0.07λ 0 、0.1λ 0 The second radiation aperture can be selected to be 0.05 lambda 0 、0.08λ 0 、0.11λ 0 The third radiation aperture can be selected to be 0.07 lambda 0 、0.11λ 0 、0.15λ 0 The fourth radiation aperture can be selected to be 0.1 lambda 0 、0.15λ 0 、0.2λ 0 、0.2λ 0 The fifth radiation aperture can be selected to be 0.15 lambda 0 、0.2λ 0 、0.25λ 0 . It is understood that the first to fifth radiation apertures 125 can be designed according to practical requirements, and are not limited herein.
In a specific embodiment, the distance 302 between the feed 200 and the antenna medium 100 is 0.08-0.2 lambda 0 . The spacing 302 may also be set to 0.08 λ 0 、0.14λ 0 、0.2λ 0 The spacing 302 between the feed 200 and the antenna medium 100 may be set as desired, and is not limited thereto.
For each grid 110, the grid 110 includes a rectangular section 111 and a fan-shaped section 112 connected to a wide side of the rectangular section 111, and the rectangular section 111 is connected to the support structure 300. Specifically, the length of the rectangular section 111 is 2.2-3.6 lambda 0 Width of 0.55-0.8 lambda 0 The height of the segment 112 is 1.2-1.7 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength. The length of the rectangular section 111 may be 2.2 λ 0 、2.9λ 0 、3.6λ 0 The width may be 0.55 lambda 0 、0.65λ 0 、0.8λ 0 The height of the segment 112 may be 1.2 λ 0 、1.55λ 0 、1.7λ 0 It is understood that the specific dimensions of the rectangular segment 111 and the fan-shaped segment 112 can be designed according to the actual requirements,and are not limited herein.
In a specific embodiment, the periodic grating lens structure is formed by 3D printing and is made of resin; or the periodic grating lens structure is machined. The periodic grating lens structure is formed by 3D printing in the embodiment, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and convenience in production. In other embodiments, the periodic grating lens structure can also be machined.
In a specific embodiment, the supporting structure 300 is a plurality of supporting pillars 301, and two ends of the supporting pillars 301 are respectively connected to the feed source 200 and the antenna medium 100. Specifically, there are 4 support columns 301, and the feed source 200 and the antenna medium 100 are connected to two ends of each support column 301 respectively, so as to fix the feed source 200 and the antenna medium 100.
In conclusion, the broadband sector beam antenna with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic provided by the scheme works in a millimeter wave frequency band, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and easiness in installation; the wide beam surface realizes flat beam radiation and has the characteristic of sharp spatial cutoff, the narrow beam surface is pencil-shaped narrow beam radiation, and the working frequency covers 24 to 40 GHz; the cross polarization inhibition degree of the two orthogonal surfaces is higher than 20dB and the side lobe is less than-15 dB; and may be conveniently designed and applied to other higher or lower frequency bands.
Referring to fig. 5 and 6, fig. 5 is a simulation and test curve of S11 corresponding to the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with spatial sharp cutoff characteristics according to the present invention; fig. 6 is a gain simulation and test curve corresponding to the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic according to the present invention. From the above fig. 5, it can be seen that the simulation results of S11 of the antenna are better than-15 dB in the range of 24 to 40 GHz, and the test results are better than-12.5 dB. From the above fig. 6, it can be derived that the antenna gain remains stable over a wide frequency band, with a typical measured gain value of 12 dB.
Referring to fig. 7-10, fig. 7 and 8 are respectively a broadband radiation pattern obtained by simulating and testing the E-plane and the H-plane of the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic according to the present invention when the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module operates at a frequency of 26 GHz; fig. 9 and 10 are broadband radiation patterns obtained by simulation and test of the broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with the spatial sharp cutoff characteristic, which works on the E-plane and the H-plane at the frequency of 31 GHz, respectively. From the test results of fig. 7-10, it can be seen that the E plane is a wide beam and the H plane is a pencil narrow beam. The E-plane is in the form of a flat beam and has a fast roll-off characteristic, i.e., a spatially sharp cutoff characteristic, at the edge of the main beam. Meanwhile, in a broadband range, both the two orthogonal surface side lobes are smaller than-15 dB, and the cross polarization suppression degree is superior to 20dB (the cross polarization suppression degree is superior to 25dB in most frequency band ranges).
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents made by the contents of the specification and drawings or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields within the spirit of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A broadband fan beam antenna module having spatially sharp cutoff characteristics, comprising:
the feed source is a waveguide structure with standard flange size, and the waveguide structure is provided with a waveguide port;
the antenna medium is arranged at intervals with the feed source, the antenna medium is of a periodic grid-shaped lens structure, the periodic grid-shaped lens structure comprises a plurality of spaced grid pieces, the thickness of each grid piece is gradually reduced from the middle to two sides, and the distance between every two adjacent grid pieces is gradually increased from the middle to two sides;
a support structure connecting the antenna medium and the feed source;
the feed source is configured to radiate electromagnetic signals to an antenna medium, the antenna medium is configured to control the phase of a radiation aperture surface so as to meet the electromagnetic distribution requirement of the radiation aperture surface required by a target beam, the grid plate comprises a rectangular section and a fan-shaped section connected with the wide side of the rectangular section, and the rectangular section is connected with the supporting structure.
2. The broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff of claim 1, wherein there are ten grating pieces, namely, a first grating piece to a sixth grating piece, wherein the first grating piece is a single piece and is centrally disposed, and the remaining grating pieces are two pieces and are symmetrically disposed with respect to the first grating piece, wherein the second grating piece is adjacent to the first grating piece, wherein the sixth grating piece is far away from the first grating piece, and wherein the second grating piece to the sixth grating piece are sequentially arranged from the middle to both sides;
first to fifth intervals are formed between adjacent grid pieces in the first to sixth grid pieces respectively.
3. The broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff of claim 2 wherein the thickness of the first grating is 0.2-0.3 λ 0 The thickness of the second grid sheet is 0.2-0.3 lambda 0 The thickness of the third grid sheet is 0.2-0.28 lambda 0 The thickness of the fourth grid sheet is 0.14-0.2 lambda 0 The thickness of the fifth grid sheet is 0.08-0.18 lambda 0 The thickness of the sixth grid sheet is 0.02-0.07 lambda 0 ；
The first distance is 0.05-0.1 lambda 0 The second distance is 0.05-0.11 lambda 0 The third distance is 0.07-0.15 lambda 0 The fourth interval is 0.1-0.25 lambda 0 The fifth distance is 0.15-0.25 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength.
4. The broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff of claim 1 wherein the feed is spaced from the antenna medium by 0.08-0.2 λ 0 。
5. The broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff of claim 1 wherein the length of the rectangular segment is 2.2-3.6 λ 0 Width of 0.55-0.8 lambda 0 The height of the sector section is 1.2-1.7 lambda 0 Wherein λ is 0 Centered at a free-space wavelength.
6. The broadband fan beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff of claim 1 wherein the periodic grating lens structure is 3D printed and made of resin; or the periodic grating lens structure is machined.
7. The broadband fan-shaped radiation beam antenna module with spatially sharp cutoff characteristics of claim 1 wherein said support structure is a plurality of support posts, both ends of said support posts are connected to the feed source and the antenna medium, respectively.
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