CN115266801A - Detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for multiple temperature zones - Google Patents
Detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for multiple temperature zones Download PDFInfo
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- CN115266801A CN115266801A CN202110475285.4A CN202110475285A CN115266801A CN 115266801 A CN115266801 A CN 115266801A CN 202110475285 A CN202110475285 A CN 202110475285A CN 115266801 A CN115266801 A CN 115266801A
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Abstract
The invention provides a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature regions, which comprises an outer Dewar, an inner Dewar, a to-be-tested support member, a liquid inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a vacuum pumping port, a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, wherein the inner Dewar is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar, one end of the to-be-tested support member is connected with the outer Dewar, the other end of the to-be-tested support member is connected with the inner Dewar, the liquid inlet pipe is used for conveying liquid refrigeration media into the inner Dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe is used for conveying gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar out of the outer Dewar, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar. By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the technical problems that in the prior art, a thermal load testing system is limited by the self weight of the system, the self pressure building of the system and the influence of the self liquid level of the system, so that the measurement precision is low, the system is complex, the cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, and the applicability to the shape and the size of a testing temperature zone and a support piece to be tested is poor are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of refrigeration and low-temperature engineering, in particular to a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature zones.
Background
Low-temperature liquid such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquid helium and the like has special properties which are not possessed by a plurality of normal-temperature working media, and has irreplaceable application values in some high-tech fields such as aerospace, liquid fuel, superconductors, magnetic suspension, space exploration, biomedical treatment and the like. However, the temperature of the cryogenic liquid is usually different from the normal temperature environment by 100 ℃ or even more than 200 ℃, so the cryogenic system must have excellent thermal insulation performance, otherwise the cryogenic liquid absorbs heat and evaporates, resulting in loss. The current cryogenic system generally adopts a vacuum insulation mode, and a vacuum insulation structure has extremely low convective heat transfer coefficient, so that conduction heat leakage from a support member is generally the most main heat load source of the cryogenic system, and the heat load condition of the support member must be fully demonstrated and tested during the design of the cryogenic system. However, most of materials show physical properties different from those of the materials in a normal temperature state at a low temperature, and a thermal load test system of the support must have a low temperature condition, so that the functional requirement and the design difficulty of the test system are greatly improved, and the cost for building the thermal load test system of the support is obviously increased.
At present, the existing thermal load test scheme comprises a liquid nitrogen weighing method, a nitrogen flow method and a separate thermal compensation method established on the basis of the liquid nitrogen weighing method. The liquid nitrogen weighing method measures the mass consumed by liquid nitrogen in the low-temperature heat load testing system in a weighing mode, calculates the heat leakage quantity of the low-temperature system through latent heat of vaporization, and further calculates the heat load according to time; the nitrogen flow method is that nitrogen generated by heating and evaporating liquid nitrogen in a heat load test system is led out, the flow of the generated nitrogen is measured by a gas flowmeter, and then the heat load of the test system is calculated by the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid nitrogen; the thermal compensation method is characterized in that a split type low-temperature container with known thermal load through a weighing method and an adjustable heating plate are combined to replace a low-temperature system to be measured, a refrigerating machine is used for refrigerating the system to be measured until the stable working temperature is reached, the same refrigerating machine is used for refrigerating the split type low-temperature container with the known thermal load, meanwhile, a heating plate is used for carrying out thermal compensation on the low-temperature container with the known thermal load until the temperature of the container is stabilized at the same working temperature, and the sum of the thermal compensation amount of the heating plate and the thermal load of the known container is the thermal load of the system to be measured.
The existing thermal load test method has the following problems: the liquid nitrogen weighing method can only test the heat load of the support applied to the liquid nitrogen low-temperature system (-196 ℃), but is not applicable to the support applied to other temperature regions, the measurement precision of the liquid nitrogen weighing method is limited by the weight of the heat load testing system, the heavier the system is, the larger the range of the required weighing equipment is, and the lower the precision of testing the liquid nitrogen consumption is; compared with a liquid nitrogen weighing method, the nitrogen flow method is not limited by the weight of a heat load testing system, but the gas flow is inevitably influenced by the pressure build-up of the system, and accurate measurement can be carried out only after the pressure is stable, so that the requirement that the testing system must bear enough long liquid evaporation time, the testing system is not suitable for a support with a small testing volume, low-temperature liquid with small vaporization latent heat cannot be used, and in addition, the method cannot test the heat load of a high-liquid-level working condition for a system with the heat load changing along with the liquid level; the thermal compensation method can realize the thermal load test of a multi-temperature area, but the method has the disadvantages of complicated equipment, high cost and great operation difficulty, is difficult to test the supporting pieces with various shapes and sizes, and has the test precision still limited by the measurement precision of the weighing method of the reference container.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature zones, which can solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the heat load testing system is limited by the self weight of the system, the self pressure building of the system and the influence of the self liquid level of the system, so that the measurement precision is lower, the system is complex, the cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, and the applicability to the shape and the size of a testing temperature zone and a support piece to be tested is poor.
The invention provides a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature areas, which comprises an outer Dewar, an inner Dewar, a to-be-tested support piece, a liquid inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe, a vacuum pumping port, a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, wherein the outer Dewar is connected with the inner Dewar through the support piece;
the vacuum pumping port is arranged on the outer Dewar, the inside of the outer Dewar is vacuumized through the vacuum pumping port to form a vacuum environment, the inner Dewar is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar, one end of the support piece to be tested is connected with the outer Dewar, and the other end of the support piece to be tested is connected with the inner Dewar;
the liquid inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe penetrate through the side wall of the outer Dewar to be communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar, the liquid inlet pipe is used for conveying liquid refrigeration media into the inner Dewar through the liquid inlet pipe, the exhaust pipe is used for conveying gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar to the outside of the outer Dewar, the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are arranged in the inner Dewar, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the inner Dewar, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar.
Further, outer dewar includes casing, front flange and back flange, and the both ends of casing have the opening, and front flange and back flange are respectively with the both ends detachably sealing connection of casing.
Furthermore, flange mounting surfaces are arranged on the periphery of the openings at the two ends of the shell, bolt holes are formed in the flange mounting surfaces, and the front flange and the back flange are respectively in bolted connection with the flange mounting surfaces at the two ends of the shell through the bolt holes.
Furthermore, the flange mounting surface is also provided with a sealing groove for arranging a sealing element, and the flange mounting surface is hermetically connected with the front flange or the back flange through the matching of the sealing element and the sealing groove.
Further, the feed liquor pipe includes outer dewar feed liquor pipe and interior dewar feed liquor pipe, interior dewar feed liquor pipe sealed fixed including on the dewar and with the inside intercommunication of interior dewar, have first through-hole on the casing of outer dewar, outer dewar feed liquor pipe pass behind the first through-hole with first through-hole sealed fixed together, and with interior dewar feed liquor pipe detachably sealing connection.
Furthermore, the exhaust pipe comprises an outer Dewar exhaust pipe and an inner Dewar exhaust pipe, the inner Dewar exhaust pipe is fixed on the inner Dewar in a sealing mode and communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar, a second through hole is formed in the shell of the outer Dewar exhaust pipe, the outer Dewar exhaust pipe penetrates through the second through hole and then is fixed with the second through hole in a sealing mode, and the outer Dewar exhaust pipe is detachably connected with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe in a sealing mode.
Further, outer dewar feed liquor pipe includes the footpath pipe, suit is at the outer vacuum casing and the head of footpath pipe, the cavity has between the outer wall of footpath pipe and the internal face of vacuum casing, the footpath pipe has first end and second end, the vacuum casing has third end and fourth end, third through-hole has on the terminal surface of third end, fourth end is the open end, the head is both ends open-ended cylinder, and have link and sealed end, sealed end has the screw thread, the suit is on the first end of footpath pipe after the link inserts the third through-hole, the outer wall and the third through-hole sealing connection of link, the internal face and the outer wall sealing connection of first end of link, the second end of footpath pipe passes first through-hole and interior dewar feed liquor pipe detachably sealing connection, the outer wall and the first through-hole sealing fixation of the fourth end of vacuum casing are in the same place, so that the cavity communicates with the inside vacuum environment of outer dewar.
Furthermore, the thermal load testing system further comprises a plurality of first aviation plugs and a plurality of second aviation plugs, the first aviation plugs are arranged on the shell, the second aviation plugs are arranged on the inner Dewar, and the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are connected with the measurement and control instrument outside the outer Dewar through the first aviation plugs and the second aviation plugs.
Further, hot load test system still includes the cold shield subassembly, and the cold shield subassembly includes cold shield body, clamp and sets up a plurality of cold shield couples on the cold shield body, and the cold shield body sets up between outer dewar and interior dewar, and a plurality of cold shield couples pass through the clamp to be fixed on including the dewar blast pipe for cold volume transmission in the interior dewar blast pipe is for the cold shield body.
Furthermore, the cold shield assembly further comprises a cold shield mounting seat made of a heat-insulating non-metal material, one end of the cold shield mounting seat is connected with the cold shield body, and the other end of the cold shield mounting seat is connected with the inner Dewar and used for supporting the cold shield body and preventing the cold shield body from being in direct contact with the inner Dewar.
The invention provides a detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature areas, which connects a support piece to be tested with an inner Dewar and an outer Dewar, conveys a liquid refrigeration medium to the inner Dewar through a liquid inlet pipe, conveys gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigeration medium to the outside of the outer Dewar through an exhaust pipe, monitors the temperature in the inner Dewar and the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigeration medium by using a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, and can calculate the average heat load of the support piece to be tested through the change of the liquid storage amount within a certain time and the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigeration medium under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the self weight of the system and the pressure-building working condition, is suitable for multiple temperature areas such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium and the like, the test result is closer to the actual condition, the heat load test system is suitable for the supports to be tested with multiple shapes and sizes, and for the heat load test of multiple supports to be tested, the respective heat load of each support to be tested can be obtained by a method of simultaneous solution of multiple groups of test results, the heat load distribution condition of the supports to be tested in the actual low-temperature system can be conveniently analyzed, meanwhile, the test system is free of electric equipment, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the thermal load testing system is limited by the self weight of the system, the self pressure building of the system and the influence of the self liquid level of the system, so that the measurement precision is low, the system is complex, the cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, and the applicability to the shape and the size of a testing temperature zone and a support piece to be tested is poor.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating an external structure of a detachable liquid level type thermal load testing system suitable for various temperature zones according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating an internal structure of a detachable liquid level type thermal load testing system suitable for various temperature zones according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 shows a schematic view of an external dewar liquid inlet pipe structure provided according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature zones is provided, the heat load testing system includes an outer dewar 10, an inner dewar 20, a support member 30 to be tested, a liquid inlet pipe 40, an exhaust pipe 50, a vacuum pumping port 60, a temperature sensor, and a liquid level meter;
the vacuum pumping port 60 is arranged on the outer Dewar 10, the inside of the outer Dewar 10 is vacuumized through the vacuum pumping port 60 to form a vacuum environment, the inner Dewar 20 is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar 10, one end of the support member 30 to be tested is connected with the outer Dewar 10, and the other end is connected with the inner Dewar 20;
the liquid inlet pipe 40 and the exhaust pipe 50 penetrate through the side wall of the outer Dewar 10 to be communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar 20, the liquid inlet pipe 40 is used for conveying liquid refrigeration media into the inner Dewar 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 40, the exhaust pipe 50 is used for conveying gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar 20 to the outside of the outer Dewar 10, the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are arranged in the inner Dewar 20, the temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in the inner Dewar 20, and the liquid level meter is used for monitoring the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigeration media in the inner Dewar 20.
The heat load test system provided by the invention is suitable for various temperature regions, when in test, corresponding liquid refrigeration media are selected according to the required test temperature regions, such as liquefied natural gas (-160 ℃), liquid oxygen (-183 ℃), liquid argon (-185.7 ℃), liquid nitrogen (-196 ℃), liquid hydrogen (-253 ℃) and liquid helium (-269 ℃), and the consistency of the test environment and the application environment is improved by selecting the appropriate liquid refrigeration media, so that the accuracy of the test result is improved. The materials of the inner dewar 20, the liquid inlet pipe 40 and the gas outlet pipe 50 can be selected according to actual needs, for example, stainless steel is selected. The inner dewar 20 is used as a main container for storing the liquid refrigerant, and the pressure bearing performance thereof is designed according to actual needs, and as a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure bearing performance of the inner dewar 20 is designed to be 3bar positive pressure. And connecting structures, such as screw holes, are processed on the outer surface of the inner Dewar 20 according to the structure of the support member 30 to be tested, so that various support members 30 to be tested can be installed, and two ends of the support member 30 to be tested are respectively connected with the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10 through bolts. Further, in order to reduce the radiation heat leakage, the inner dewar 20 is coated with a plurality of layers of heat insulating materials. Meanwhile, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, the liquid inlet pipe 40 is connected to the bottom of the inner dewar 20, and the gas outlet pipe 50 is connected to the top of the inner dewar 20.
By applying the configuration mode, the detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature regions is provided, the heat load testing system connects the support member 30 to be tested with the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10, liquid refrigeration medium is conveyed to the inner Dewar 20 through the liquid inlet pipe 40, gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigeration medium is conveyed out of the outer Dewar 10 through the exhaust pipe 50, the temperature in the inner Dewar 20 and the liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigeration medium are monitored by using a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, and the average heat load of the support member 30 to be tested can be obtained through the liquid storage amount change within a certain time and the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigeration medium under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the self weight of the system and the pressure-building working condition, is suitable for multiple temperature areas such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium and the like, the test result is closer to the actual condition, the heat load test system is suitable for the supports to be tested with multiple shapes and sizes, and for the heat load test of multiple supports to be tested, the respective heat load of each support to be tested can be obtained by a method of simultaneous solution of multiple groups of test results, the heat load distribution condition of the supports to be tested in the actual low-temperature system can be conveniently analyzed, meanwhile, the test system is free of electric equipment, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the thermal load testing system is limited by the self weight of the system, the self pressure building of the system and the influence of the self liquid level of the system, so that the measurement precision is low, the system is complex, the cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, and the applicability to the shape and the size of a testing temperature zone and a support piece to be tested is poor.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the outer dewar 10 includes a housing 11, a front flange 12 and a rear flange 13, both ends of the housing 11 have openings, and the front flange 12 and the rear flange 13 are detachably and hermetically connected to both ends of the housing 11, respectively. The structure of the outer Dewar 10 is easy to disassemble, and the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are disassembled, so that the relative structures in the outer Dewar 10 can be conveniently replaced, the test requirements of the to-be-tested support structures with different shapes, sizes and quantities are met, and the applicability of the test system is improved. In addition, vacuum pumping port 60 welds on casing 11 to be connected with outside evacuation unit through the KF flange, make things convenient for the dismouting and have good leakproofness.
As an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, the periphery of the opening at both ends of the housing 11 has flange mounting surfaces 111, the flange mounting surfaces 111 have bolt holes 111a, and the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are respectively bolted to the flange mounting surfaces 111 at both ends of the housing 11 through the bolt holes 111 a. Bolt through holes corresponding to the bolt holes 111a are also formed around the front flange 12 and the rear flange 13 for easy assembly. The materials of the shell 11, the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 are selected according to actual needs, for example, stainless steel is selected, the pressure bearing performance of the stainless steel is designed according to specific needs, and for example, the pressure bearing performance is designed to be 1bar negative pressure.
In addition, in order to improve the sealing performance between the flange mounting surface 111 and the mounting sealing surfaces of the front flange 12 and the rear flange 13, the flange mounting surface 111 further includes a sealing groove for providing a sealing member, and the flange mounting surface 111 is sealingly connected to the front flange 12 or the rear flange 13 by the engagement between the sealing member and the sealing groove. As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the sealing groove is disposed around the openings at the two ends of the housing 11, the sealing ring made of rubber is used as a sealing element, the surface of the sealing ring is cleaned by industrial alcohol and coated with vacuum silicone grease, and then the sealing ring is filled into the sealing groove, and after the flange mounting surface 111 is bolted to the front flange 12 or the back flange 13, the sealing ring is extruded to deform, thereby achieving the sealing effect.
Further, as shown in fig. 2, the liquid inlet pipe 40 includes an outer dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and an inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42, the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 is hermetically fixed on the inner dewar 20 and is communicated with the inside of the inner dewar 20, a first through hole is provided on the housing 11 of the outer dewar 10, the outer dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 is hermetically fixed with the first through hole after passing through the first through hole, and is detachably and hermetically connected with the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42. As an embodiment of the present invention, the liquid inlet pipe 40 further comprises a first VCR joint 43, and the outer dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 are hermetically connected through the first VCR joint 43. First VCR connects 43 and adopts stainless steel, can bear the low temperature to guarantee not to leak under the low temperature operating mode. Through the configuration mode, the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 and the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 can still maintain good tightness through disassembly and assembly, so that the inner Dewar 20 can be conveniently replaced according to test requirements, and the applicability of the whole test system is improved. For convenient assembly and disassembly, the pipe section of the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 connected with the inner dewar 20 is a hard pipe, and then a corrugated hose is connected for convenient assembly and disassembly, and the tail end of the corrugated hose is welded with a first VCR joint 43 and is hermetically connected with the outer dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 through the first VCR joint 43.
In order to prevent the liquid inlet pipe 41 from leaking heat during the conveying process and affecting the measurement result, as shown in fig. 3, the liquid inlet pipe 41 adopts a vacuum sleeve structure, specifically as follows: the outer dewar liquid inlet pipe 41 includes a radial pipe 411, a vacuum cover 412 and a sealing head 413 which are sleeved outside the radial pipe 411, a cavity 414 is provided between the outer wall surface of the radial pipe 411 and the inner wall surface of the vacuum cover 412, the radial pipe 411 has a first end 411a and a second end 411b, the vacuum cover 412 has a third end 412a and a fourth end 412b, a third through hole is provided on the end surface of the third end 412a, the fourth end 412b is an open end, the sealing head 413 is a cylinder with two open ends and has a connecting end 413a and a sealing end 413b, the sealing end 413b has a screw thread, the connecting end 413a is inserted into the third through hole and then sleeved on the first end 411a of the radial pipe 411, the outer wall surface of the connecting end 413a is hermetically connected with the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connecting end 413a is hermetically connected with the outer wall surface of the first end 411a, the second end 411b of the radial pipe 411 passes through the first through hole and is detachably and hermetically connected with the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42, and the outer wall surface of the fourth end 412b of the vacuum cover is hermetically fixed with the first through hole, so that the cavity 414 is communicated with the vacuum environment inside the outer dewar 10. When the liquid refrigeration medium is conveyed, the liquid refrigeration medium flows into the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 through the radial pipe 411 by assembling the thread on the sealing end 413b of the sealing head 413 with the external connecting pipe, and after the conveying is finished, the liquid refrigeration medium is in threaded sealing connection with the sealing cover through the thread on the sealing end 413b of the sealing head 413. Through the configuration mode, a vacuum heat insulation environment is provided for the radial pipe 411, heat leakage of the radial pipe 411 in the process of conveying the liquid refrigeration medium is effectively reduced, so that the conveying loss of the liquid refrigeration medium, particularly the liquid refrigeration medium such as liquid hydrogen, liquid helium and the like with low boiling point and small latent heat of vaporization is obviously reduced, and the measurement precision is ensured. As an embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall surface of the fourth end 412b of the vacuum cap 412 is hermetically welded to the first through hole, the outer wall surface of the connection end 413a is hermetically welded to the third through hole, the inner wall surface of the connection end 413a is hermetically welded to the outer wall surface of the first end 411a, and the second end 411b of the radial pipe 411 is hermetically connected to the inner dewar liquid inlet pipe 42 through the first VCR joint 43.
Furthermore, as shown in fig. 2, the exhaust pipe 50 includes an outer dewar exhaust pipe 51 and an inner dewar exhaust pipe 52, the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 is hermetically fixed to the inner dewar 20 and communicates with the inside of the inner dewar 20, the housing 11 of the outer dewar 10 has a second through hole, and the outer dewar exhaust pipe 51 passes through the second through hole and is hermetically fixed to the second through hole, and is detachably and hermetically connected to the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52. As an embodiment of the present invention, the outer wall surface of the outer dewar exhaust pipe 51 is hermetically welded to the wall surface of the second through hole, the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 is hermetically welded to the inner dewar 20 and communicates with the inside of the inner dewar 20, the exhaust pipe 50 further includes a second VCR joint 53, and the outer dewar exhaust pipe 51 and the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 are hermetically connected through the second VCR joint 53. The second VCR joint 53 is made of stainless steel and can bear low temperature, thereby ensuring no leakage under low temperature conditions. Through the configuration mode, the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 and the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 can still maintain good tightness after being disassembled and assembled, so that the inner Dewar 20 can be conveniently replaced according to the test requirement, and the applicability of the whole test system is improved.
Further, the thermal load testing system further comprises a plurality of first aviation plugs 70 and a plurality of second aviation plugs 80, the plurality of first aviation plugs 70 are arranged on the shell 11, the plurality of second aviation plugs 80 are arranged on the inner dewar 20, and the temperature sensor and the liquid level meter are connected with a measurement and control instrument outside the outer dewar 10 through the first aviation plugs 70 and the second aviation plugs 80. As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the mounting flange of the first aviation plug 70 is welded on the housing 11 and is connected with the first aviation plug 70 in a sealing manner through a KF flange, and the mounting flange of the second aviation plug 80 is welded on the inner dewar 20 and is connected with the second aviation plug 80 in a sealing manner through a CF flange. The inside core needle of second circular connector 80 passes through the soldering with the signal line of temperature sensor and level gauge and is connected, and outside core needle carries out the soldering with the inside core needle of first circular connector 70 through the lead wire and is connected, and first circular connector 70 is connected with outside observe and control instrument through outside integrated signal cable, and this kind of configuration makes things convenient for the dismouting and can guarantee the leakproofness.
In addition, in order to reduce the radiation heat leakage of outer dewar 10 to inner dewar 20, as shown in fig. 2, the thermal load test system further includes cold shield assembly 90, cold shield assembly 90 includes cold shield body 91, clamp and a plurality of cold shield hooks 92 of setting on cold shield body 91, cold shield body 91 sets up between outer dewar 10 and inner dewar 20, a plurality of cold shield hooks 92 pass through the clamp to be fixed on inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 for the cold volume in inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 is given to cold shield body 91. The cold energy in the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 is derived from the low-temperature gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid refrigeration medium in the inner Dewar 20, the low-temperature gas is discharged to the external environment through the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52, and the cold energy is transmitted to the cold shield body 91 through the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52, the hoop and the cold shield hook 92 in the conveying process. Further, the portion of the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 connected to the cold shield hook 92 is a hard pipe, and then a length of corrugated hose is connected for easy assembly and disassembly, and the end of the corrugated hose is welded with a second VCR connector 53, and is hermetically connected with the outer Dewar exhaust pipe 51 through the second VCR connector 53. As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the cold shield hook 92 is tightly connected to the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 by a clip, and when the cold shield hook 92 is installed, the surface of the inner dewar exhaust pipe 52 is coated with low temperature heat conductive glue, and then wrapped with a layer of heat conductive indium sheet, and finally the cold shield hook 92 is fastened by the clip. In addition, the cold shield body 91 is made of polished aluminum alloy, and a plurality of layers of heat insulating materials are wrapped on one side facing the outer Dewar 10, so that the radiation heat received by the cold shield body 91 is further reduced. Meanwhile, in order to detect the cooling state of the cold shield body 91, a temperature sensor is attached to the surface of the cold shield body 91.
Further, cold shield subassembly 90 still includes adiabatic non-metallic material's cold shield mount pad 93, and cold shield mount pad 93 one end is connected with cold shield body 91, and the other end is connected with interior dewar 20 for support cold shield body 91 not with interior dewar 20 direct contact. By this arrangement, the heat conduction leakage of the cold shield body 91 to the inner dewar 20 is reduced. Further, two ends of the cold shield installation seat 93 are respectively connected with the inner dewar 20 and the cold shield body 91 through bolts.
In addition, outer dewar 10 still includes lug mount pad 14 and frock support mounting interface 15, and lug mount pad 14 material is stainless steel, welds in the surface of casing 11, and the central processing can install the screw hole of eyebolt for the lifting by crane, remove and the transportation of thermal load test system. The tool bracket mounting interfaces 15 are arranged on the outer surfaces of the front flange 12 and the back flange 13 and are used for being connected with an external tool bracket.
Through the configuration mode, the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10 of the testing system provided by the invention can be completely disassembled and separated, the same set of outer Dewar 10 can be matched with a plurality of sets of inner Dewar 20 with different sizes, installation modes and geometric shapes, the internal structure can be flexibly customized for the forms and sizes of different supports to be tested, and the testing method is not changed, so that the system has stronger universality for the thermal load tests of the supports with different sizes, interfaces and numbers, and the construction period and the cost of multiple tests can be reduced. The installation sequence of the thermal load test system is as follows: firstly, a support member 30 to be tested is installed on a front flange 12 of an outer Dewar 10, then an inner Dewar 20 is installed on the other side of the support member 30 to be tested and screws are fastened, then a shell 11 of the outer Dewar 10 is installed on the front flange 12, after the installation is finished, a lead wire connected with the inner side of a first aviation plug 70 and a lead wire connected with the outer side of a second aviation plug 80 are connected through tin soldering and are insulated and protected by a heat shrink tube, then a first VCR connector 43 and a second VCR connector 53 between the inner Dewar 20 and the outer Dewar 10 are connected, a cold shield installation seat 93 is installed, a cold shield hook 92 is hung on an inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52, a cold shield body 91, the cold shield installation seat 93 and the inner Dewar 20 are assembled together by screws, then the cold shield hook 92 is fastened with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe 52 by a hoop, and finally a back flange 13 is installed on the shell 11. The disassembly sequence is the reverse of the installation sequence described above.
The basic principle of the thermal load test system provided by the invention is that liquid state refrigerating medium is filled in the inner Dewar 20 and stands still, and the liquid level is read through the liquid level meter. In the standing process, the liquid cooling medium is gradually evaporated due to heat conduction and leakage of the support member 30 to be measured, so that the liquid level is reduced, the consumption of the liquid cooling medium can be calculated through the liquid level change within a certain time, the heat required for evaporating the liquid cooling medium is calculated according to the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid cooling medium under normal pressure, and finally the average heat load is calculated according to the time.
For the case that a plurality of different supporting members are adopted at the same time, the system can also calculate the respective thermal load condition of each supporting member in a mode of simultaneous solution of a plurality of groups of tests. For example, a system with two supports to be tested, support a and support B, can perform three sets of tests, respectively: 1 support a +3 supports B, 1 support a +4 supports B, 4 supports B +0 supports a. And subtracting the heat load test result of the first group of tests from the heat load test result of the second group of tests to obtain the heat load of 1 support member B, subtracting the heat load test result of the third group of tests from the heat load test result of the second group of tests to obtain the heat load of 1 support member A, and subtracting the heat load of 4 support members B from the heat load test result of the third group of tests to obtain the heat load of other interference heat leakage such as heat radiation, pipeline heat leakage and the like. The method can be used for analyzing the heat load distribution condition of the support structure of the low-temperature system more systematically.
In summary, the present invention provides a detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for various temperature regions, the heat load testing system connects a support member to be tested with an inner dewar and an outer dewar, a liquid refrigerant is conveyed to the inner dewar through a liquid inlet pipe, gas generated by evaporation of the liquid refrigerant is conveyed to the outside of the outer dewar through an exhaust pipe, temperature in the inner dewar and liquid storage amount of the liquid refrigerant are monitored by a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter, and an average heat load of the support member to be tested can be obtained by changing the liquid storage amount within a certain time and latent heat of vaporization of the liquid refrigerant under normal pressure. The heat load test system is not limited by the self weight of the system and the pressure-building working condition, is suitable for multiple temperature areas such as liquefied natural gas, liquid nitrogen, liquid argon, liquid oxygen, liquid hydrogen, liquid helium and the like, the test result is closer to the actual condition, the heat load test system is suitable for the supports to be tested with multiple shapes and sizes, and for the heat load test of multiple supports to be tested, the respective heat load of each support to be tested can be obtained by a method of simultaneous solution of multiple groups of test results, the heat load distribution condition of the supports to be tested in the actual low-temperature system can be conveniently analyzed, meanwhile, the test system is free of electric equipment, the structure is simple, and the cost is low. Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the thermal load testing system is limited by the self weight of the system, the self pressure building of the system and the influence of the self liquid level of the system, so that the measurement precision is low, the system is complex, the cost is high, the operation difficulty is high, and the applicability to the shape and the size of a testing temperature zone and a support piece to be tested is poor.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the orientation words such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc. are usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these orientation words do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore, should not be considered as limiting the scope of the present invention; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.
For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over … …", "over … …", "over … …", "over", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.
It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of the present invention should not be construed as being limited.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A detachable liquid level type heat load test system suitable for various temperature areas is characterized by comprising an outer Dewar (10), an inner Dewar (20), a support piece (30) to be tested, a liquid inlet pipe (40), an exhaust pipe (50), a vacuum pumping port (60), a temperature sensor and a liquid level meter;
the vacuum pumping port (60) is arranged on the outer Dewar (10), the inside of the outer Dewar (10) is vacuumized through the vacuum pumping port (60) to form a vacuum environment, the inner Dewar (20) is arranged in the vacuum environment of the outer Dewar (10), one end of the support (30) to be tested is connected with the outer Dewar (10), and the other end of the support is connected with the inner Dewar (20);
the utility model provides a Dewar (20) with the inside intercommunication of interior Dewar (20) is carried to feed liquor pipe (40) with blast pipe (50) pass the lateral wall of outer Dewar (10), feed liquor pipe (40) are used for passing through liquid refrigerant in feed liquor pipe (40) carry in interior Dewar (20), blast pipe (50) are used for with in interior Dewar (20) the gas that liquid refrigerant evaporation produced is carried outside outer Dewar (10), temperature sensor with the level gauge sets up in interior Dewar (20), temperature sensor is used for monitoring the temperature in interior Dewar (20), the level gauge is used for monitoring in interior Dewar (20) the liquid volume of liquid refrigerant's liquid reserve.
2. The thermal load testing system according to claim 1, wherein the outer dewar (10) comprises a housing (11), a front flange (12) and a rear flange (13), both ends of the housing (11) have openings, and the front flange (12) and the rear flange (13) are detachably and hermetically connected with both ends of the housing (11), respectively.
3. The thermal load test system according to claim 2, wherein the opening at the two ends of the housing (11) is surrounded by flange mounting surfaces (111), the flange mounting surfaces (111) are provided with bolt holes (111 a), and the front flange (12) and the back flange (13) are respectively bolted to the flange mounting surfaces (111) at the two ends of the housing (11) through the bolt holes (111 a).
4. The thermal load testing system according to claim 3, wherein the flange mounting face (111) further has a sealing groove for providing a seal, and the flange mounting face (111) is sealingly connected to the front flange (12) or the rear flange (13) by the seal and the sealing groove being engaged with each other.
5. The thermal load testing system according to claim 4, wherein the liquid inlet pipe (40) comprises an outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) and an inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42), the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42) is hermetically fixed on the inner Dewar (20) and communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar (20), the shell (11) of the outer Dewar (10) is provided with a first through hole, the outer Dewar liquid inlet pipe (41) is hermetically fixed with the first through hole after passing through the first through hole and is detachably and hermetically connected with the inner Dewar liquid inlet pipe (42).
6. The thermal load testing system according to claim 5, wherein the exhaust pipe (50) comprises an outer Dewar exhaust pipe (51) and an inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52), the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52) is hermetically fixed on the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (20) and is communicated with the inside of the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (20), a second through hole is formed in the shell (11) of the outer Dewar exhaust pipe (10), and the outer Dewar exhaust pipe (51) passes through the second through hole and is hermetically fixed with the second through hole and is detachably and hermetically connected with the inner Dewar exhaust pipe (52).
7. The thermal load testing system according to claim 6, wherein the outer Dewar inlet pipe (41) comprises a diameter pipe (411), a vacuum cover (412) fitted around the diameter pipe (411), and a sealing head (413), a cavity (414) is provided between the outer wall surface of the diameter pipe (411) and the inner wall surface of the vacuum cover (412), the diameter pipe (411) has a first end (411 a) and a second end (411 b), the vacuum cover (412) has a third end (412 a) and a fourth end (412 b), the third end (412 a) has a third through hole on its end surface, the fourth end (412 b) is an open end, the sealing head (413) is a cylinder open at both ends and has a connecting end (413 a) and a sealing end (413 b), the sealing end (413 b) has a screw thread, the connecting end (413 a) is fitted on the first end (411 a) of the diameter pipe (411) after being inserted into the third through hole, the outer wall surface of the connecting end (413 a) and the outer wall surface of the connecting end (413 a) is detachably connected with the first end (411 a) of the vacuum cover (413 a), the connecting end (413 a) is connected with the inner wall surface of the first end (411) of the vacuum cover (413 a) and the vacuum cover (413 b) detachably connected with the first end of the outer Dewar inlet pipe (411), so that the cavity (414) is in communication with the vacuum environment inside the outer dewar (10).
8. The thermal load testing system according to claim 7, further comprising a plurality of first aviation plugs (70) and a plurality of second aviation plugs (80), a plurality of said first aviation plugs (70) being disposed on said housing (11), a plurality of said second aviation plugs (80) being disposed on said inner dewar (20), said temperature sensor and said level gauge being connected to instrumentation external to said outer dewar (10) through said first aviation plugs (70) and said second aviation plugs (80).
9. The thermal load testing system according to claim 8, further comprising a cold shield assembly (90), wherein the cold shield assembly (90) comprises a cold shield body (91), a clamp, and a plurality of cold shield hooks (92) disposed on the cold shield body (91), wherein the cold shield body (91) is disposed between the outer dewar (10) and the inner dewar (20), and the plurality of cold shield hooks (92) are fixed on the inner dewar exhaust pipe (52) through the clamp for transferring the cold in the inner dewar exhaust pipe (52) to the cold shield body (91).
10. The thermal load testing system of claim 9, wherein said cold shield assembly (90) further comprises a cold shield mount (93) of a thermally insulating non-metallic material, said cold shield mount (93) being connected at one end to said cold shield body (91) and at the other end to said inner dewar (20) for supporting said cold shield body (91) from direct contact with said inner dewar (20).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110475285.4A CN115266801A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for multiple temperature zones |
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| CN202110475285.4A CN115266801A (en) | 2021-04-29 | 2021-04-29 | Detachable liquid level type heat load testing system suitable for multiple temperature zones |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116773090A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江珏芯微电子有限公司 | Device and method for representing Dewar vacuum performance |
| CN116864258A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-10 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Support connection structure and superconducting magnet |
-
2021
- 2021-04-29 CN CN202110475285.4A patent/CN115266801A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116864258A (en) * | 2023-08-08 | 2023-10-10 | 西安聚能超导磁体科技有限公司 | Support connection structure and superconducting magnet |
| CN116773090A (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-09-19 | 浙江珏芯微电子有限公司 | Device and method for representing Dewar vacuum performance |
| CN116773090B (en) * | 2023-08-22 | 2023-11-24 | 浙江珏芯微电子有限公司 | Device and method for representing Dewar vacuum performance |
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