CN115262477A - Ecological bank protection system of charcoal suitable for drought and waterlogging are coerced in turn - Google Patents
Ecological bank protection system of charcoal suitable for drought and waterlogging are coerced in turn Download PDFInfo
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- CN115262477A CN115262477A CN202210839135.1A CN202210839135A CN115262477A CN 115262477 A CN115262477 A CN 115262477A CN 202210839135 A CN202210839135 A CN 202210839135A CN 115262477 A CN115262477 A CN 115262477A
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- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 260
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 123
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 30
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000005575 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000024346 drought recovery Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008641 drought stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010921 garden waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003621 irrigation water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003516 soil conditioner Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004162 soil erosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/04—Structures or apparatus for, or methods of, protecting banks, coasts, or harbours
- E02B3/12—Revetment of banks, dams, watercourses, or the like, e.g. the sea-floor
- E02B3/121—Devices for applying linings on banks or the water bottom
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/02—Filters adapted for location in special places, e.g. pipe-lines, pumps, stop-cocks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/001—Runoff or storm water
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Revetment (AREA)
Abstract
A biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress comprises a power control system and a protection system; the power control system comprises a buoyancy water conveying pipe, a drip irrigation pipe and a water pump, wherein the upper end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is fixed on the outer side of the water pump, the lower end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is connected with the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod, and the water suction pipe penetrates through the whole buoyancy water conveying pipe and the inside of the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod; the water suction pipe and the drip irrigation pipe are respectively connected with a water pump; the protection system comprises a fixed protection groove, a capsule storage groove, a montmorillonite storage groove and a water storage tank; the fixed protection groove is positioned below the side slope soil layer; a water seepage filter screen is inserted into the fixed protection groove, and a capsule storage groove is formed by wrapping the water seepage filter screen; the upper surface of the water storage tank is provided with water permeable holes of the water storage tank; the bottom of the water suction pipe is connected with a water suction disc. The method effectively solves the problem of plant drought and waterlogging stress hazard caused by water level change of the water bank side slope, realizes effective prevention and control of runoff pollution diffusion of the water bank side slope, and improves the ecological environment quality of the river bank.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ecological restoration, and particularly relates to a charcoal ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress.
Background
The ecological slope protection is a restoration measure for the bare slope after partial knowledge of subjects such as engineering mechanics, soil science, ecology and botany and the like is combined, and the comprehensive system restoration technology consisting of engineering and plants protects and reinforces the surface layer of the slope through the interaction (root anchoring effect) of plant roots and rock soil, so that the ecological slope protection has the slope protection capability of the traditional slope protection engineering, also ensures the landscape of the slope, has obvious effect and is one of the most common modes for ecological restoration of the slope at present. However, in the current construction process of ecological slope protection in south China, the problems of insufficient stability of side slope plant communities, low survival rate, poor landscape effect, high management cost and the like are difficult to effectively solve due to multiple complex influence factors such as heavy metal pollution, drought and waterlogging alternate stress, hydraulic erosion and the like.
Biochar is a porous material rich in carbon, and is internationally defined as "a solid material obtained by thermochemical conversion of biomass under limited oxygen conditions". Compared with the traditional soil conditioner, the biochar serving as a novel carbon-based conditioner can reduce the bioavailability of heavy metals in soil, can promote plant growth to a certain extent, and has the potential of repairing heavy metal contaminated soil. However, researches show that unreasonable application of the biochar can increase the total porosity of the soil, promote runoff generation, remarkably increase the total loss of the soil and erosion between ditches, and under the conditions of heavy rainfall, steep slope and the like, the application of the biochar can cause soil erosion and aggravate the risk of water and soil loss. Potential pollutants such as Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the like are easily introduced by applying the biochar, and related researches show that the application of the biochar can inhibit the initial growth of plants, the runoff pollutant concentration in the early rainfall is high, and the problem of inhibiting the initial growth of pioneer plants under the action of multiple stresses of biochar polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and runoff pollution is not effectively solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress and a construction method thereof, so as to overcome the defects in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress comprises a power control system and a protection system;
the power control system comprises a buoyancy water conveying pipe, a drip irrigation pipe and a water pump, wherein the upper end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is fixed on the outer side of the water pump, the lower end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is connected with the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod, and the water suction pipe penetrates through the whole buoyancy water conveying pipe and the inside of the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod; the water suction pipe and the drip irrigation pipe are respectively connected with a water pump;
the protection system comprises a fixed protection groove, a capsule storage groove, a montmorillonite storage groove and a water storage tank; the fixed protection groove is positioned below the side slope soil layer and is of a hollow structure; a water seepage filter screen is inserted into the fixed protection groove, and a capsule storage groove is formed by wrapping the water seepage filter screen; the inside of the capsule storage tank is filled with a biochar fertilizer slow-release capsule; the montmorillonite storage tank is arranged on the inner side wall of the capsule storage tank;
the biochar fertilizer slow-release capsules can be gradually dissolved after absorbing moisture, and the biochar loaded in the biochar fertilizer slow-release capsules is prepared by burning garden waste and is modified by nutritional ingredients. The biochar meets the plant planting requirement and can be purchased in the market.
The upper surface of the water storage tank is provided with water permeable holes of the water storage tank, the interior of the water storage tank is of a hollow structure, and a biochar filter plate is arranged; the bottom of the water suction pipe is connected with a water suction disc.
Furthermore, the capsule storage tank is divided by a plurality of storage tank slow-release diaphragms to form a plurality of independent closed spaces, and the storage tank slow-release diaphragms can be gradually dissolved after absorbing moisture to release the upper layer of the biochar fertilizer slow-release capsule; the bottom of the side surface of the fixed protective groove is provided with a plurality of protective groove water inlet holes, and the protective groove water inlet holes are on the same horizontal line; the water inlet hole of the protective groove is lower than the storage groove slow-release diaphragm at the bottommost part; the lowermost capsule storage tank is not provided with a montmorillonite storage tank; the montmorillonite storage tank is internally loaded with montmorillonite powder with the volume of 1/3, and is provided with air holes of the montmorillonite storage tank.
Furthermore, a signal receiver, a solar cell panel, a storage battery, a water pump and a protection groove cover plate are respectively arranged at the top of the fixed protection groove from top to bottom, and the above devices have a waterproof function; the top of the fixed protection groove is slidably connected with the structure above the protection groove cover plate through the protection groove cover plate moving track, and the protection groove cover plate slides along the protection groove cover plate moving track to realize the opening and closing of the capsule storage groove; the top of the solar cell panel is provided with a storage tank lifting handle which can extract the whole water seepage filter screen and the capsule storage tank; the embedding height of the fixed protection groove is 5-10cm above the flood level when the solar cell panel is positioned in 50 years.
Furthermore, the buoyancy inserting and pulling rod is concave inwards in the longitudinal direction, the bottom water sucking disc is of a complete disc structure, and the bottom water sucking disc can suck water in the water storage tank; the inserted bar is taken out to buoyancy can take out inserted bar fixed sleeve along the buoyancy of embedded in the storage water tank and reciprocate, and buoyancy is taken out inserted bar fixed sleeve top and is equipped with the fixed buckle of buoyancy raceway vertical position, and the fixed buckle of buoyancy raceway vertical position is interior convex structure, ensures that buoyancy takes out the inserted bar and promotes to highest position after, and the bottom can receive the fixed buckle of buoyancy raceway vertical position fixed, avoids breaking away from buoyancy and takes out inserted bar fixed sleeve.
Furthermore, the fixed protection groove is positioned below a bank slope soil layer, and a protection groove protection block is arranged outside the upslope position, so that the damage to the upper structure of the fixed protection groove caused by rainwater runoff washing, pollutant erosion and gravel falling can be prevented; the water storage tank is buried under the soil body of the side slope and is positioned at the downhill position of the fixed protection groove.
Further, a water storage tank water permeable hole for covering a water storage tank water permeable hole filter screen is formed in the top of the water storage tank; the inside of the water storage tank is provided with the biochar filter plate, when the water level of river water is submerged or rainfall runoff flows through the water permeable holes of the water storage tank, water sources can be stored, and the water permeable holes of the water storage tank and the biochar filter plate can realize double filtration of the water sources; drip irrigation pipe and water pump and link to each other, drip irrigation pipe downwardly extending, link to each other with horizontal buoyancy fixed strip step by step, the end connection horizontal drip irrigation strip, drip irrigation pipe, horizontal drip irrigation strip are equipped with respectively and drip irrigation the hole, drip irrigation the strip hole of permeating water.
Further, the upper parts of the water storage tank and the fixed protection groove are respectively connected with a lateral buoyancy fixing strip, the lateral buoyancy fixing strip surrounds a plant planting area, the plant planting area is positioned above a slope surface soil layer, the lateral buoyancy fixing strip is of a hollow structure, and the side surface of the lateral buoyancy fixing strip is provided with a lateral buoyancy fixing strip air vent; the lateral buoyancy fixing strips are made of flexible materials and can be fixed to correspond to streamline shapes according to the shape of a slope.
Furthermore, the lateral buoyancy fixing strips are transversely connected with the transverse buoyancy fixing strips, the bottoms of the connection positions are provided with the inserting and pulling rods, the transverse buoyancy fixing strips are of hollow structures, the inserting and pulling rods are longitudinally inwards concave and embedded in inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeves, the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeves are of hollow structures, the tops of the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeves are provided with position fixing buckles, the position fixing buckles are inwards convex, and the bottoms of the inserting and pulling rods are provided with cake-shaped protection plugs; the drawing and inserting rod can move up and down along the inside of the drawing and inserting rod fixing sleeve, and the highest position can be fixed on the position fixing buckle; the bottom of the pull-insert rod fixing sleeve is provided with a sleeve fixing cone, and the pull-insert rod fixing sleeve is completely embedded under the slope soil.
Further, a shrub buoyancy planting cylinder is arranged in the area surrounded by the lateral buoyancy fixing strips; the bush buoyancy planting cylinder is fixed on the transverse buoyancy fixing strip and the drip irrigation pipe, the side wall of the bush buoyancy planting cylinder is of a hollow structure, and the bottom of the bush buoyancy planting cylinder is provided with a bush planting bottom net which can plant shallow root system bushes; and arranging planting set nets at the bottoms of the areas surrounded by the lateral buoyancy fixing strips and the transverse drip irrigation strips close to the water storage tank to plant herbaceous plants. When the river water level is high, the lateral buoyancy fixing strips, the buoyancy water conveying pipes, the transverse buoyancy fixing strips, the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders and the like float on the surface of the water body under the action of buoyancy, so that plants are prevented from being submerged under a river; when the water level drops below the water permeable hole of the water storage tank, the plants are restored to be close to the side slope.
The invention also provides a method for constructing the biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress, which comprises the steps of firstly digging two transverse grooves with certain depth along the side slope, ensuring that the height of the top of the groove at the position of an uphill slope is higher than the flood water level in 50 years, the top of the groove at the position of a downhill slope is 5-10cm above the normal water level, burying and fixing a protection groove and a related device in the transverse groove at the position of the uphill slope, burying a water storage tank in the transverse groove at the position of the downhill slope, and then filling and compacting soil; hammering a sleeve fixing cone into the slope to enable the lateral buoyancy fixing strips, the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders and the planting sleeve nets to be respectively tiled along the slope surface to be in streamline shapes so as to slow down the flow velocity of runoff; planting shrubs with shallow root systems in the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder, and planting herbaceous plants in gaps between the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders and the planting sleeve nets.
Wherein, the flood water level and the normal water level can be confirmed according to the data published by the local hydrological bureau of construction once the flood water level and the normal water level are met for 50 years.
When the water is in a rich water period, the water level of the river water submerges the water permeable holes of the water storage tank, and the water storage tank stores water sources; when the water is in a dry period, a system switch and a water pumping control button are started, a water source is sucked into the water pump on the upward slope through the water sucking disc and the water sucking pipe, the drip irrigation control button is regulated and controlled, the flow rate is controlled, and irrigation of shrubs and herbaceous plants is carried out; in the dry season, the plants are irrigated once every 2-3 days at first, and irrigated once every 4-5 days after one month, and the drought tolerance of the plants is improved through drought stress.
After the biochar in the fixed protective groove is used for a period of time and needs to be replaced, the storage groove lifting handle is moved transversely, the capsule storage groove is opened, the water seepage filter screen is lifted, the internal structure is taken out, and the water seepage filter screen, the biochar fertilizer slow release capsule and montmorillonite powder are replaced.
In addition, the biochar only needs to be selected from biochar which meets the plant planting requirement and can be purchased in the market. The electric appliances involved in the invention are all conventional electric appliances, the connection mode is also conventional connection, and the slope protection system is constructed as long as the control mode of the slope protection system can be realized, so that the innovation of electric control and the like is not involved.
Compared with the prior art, the charcoal ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress and the construction method thereof have the following advantages:
(1) According to the invention, by constructing the plant community of the shrub and the herbaceous plant with the shallow root system, the erosion and corrosion of rainfall on the water bank side slope are effectively relieved, and the water and soil loss is prevented;
(2) The invention effectively solves the problem of plant drought and waterlogging stress hazard caused by water level change of the water bank side slope, when the water level of the river bank rises, the slope protection system can float on the surface of the water body to prevent the plants from being submerged by the river water, and when the water level of the river bank falls, the slope protection system returns to the original position to cover the bare side slope, thereby greatly improving the survival rate of the plants;
(3) According to the invention, water irrigation is supplemented by fully utilizing in-situ water resources, and accurate drip irrigation can be carried out by utilizing water resources prestored in a rich water period in a long-term low water level or drought period, so that the maintenance management difficulty is greatly reduced;
(4) The biochar filtering and slow-release functions can effectively purify runoff pollutants and irrigation water, realize effective prevention and control of the runoff pollution diffusion of the water bank slope and improve the quality of the ecological environment of the river bank.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
description of the reference numerals:
1 system controller, 2 system switch, 3 signal transmitter, 4 pumping control button, 5 drip irrigation control button, 6 storage tank lifting handle, 7 solar cell panel, 8 buoyancy water pipe socket, 9 storage battery, 10 buoyancy water pipe, 11 drip irrigation pipe, 12 water pump, 13 signal receiver, 14 protection tank cover plate moving track, 15 protection tank cover plate, 16 protection tank protection block, 17 montmorillonite storage tank, 18 montmorillonite powder, 19 montmorillonite storage tank vent hole, 20 storage tank support rod, 21 storage tank diaphragm, 22 biochar fertilizer capsule, 23 capsule storage tank, 24 water seepage filter screen, 25 protection tank water inlet hole, 26 side buoyancy fixing strip vent hole, 27 fixing protection tank, 28 suction rod, 29 position fixing buckle, 30 suction rod fixing sleeve, 31 protection end plug, 32 sleeve fixing cone, 33 suction hole, 34 transverse buoyancy fixing strip, 35 shrub planting cylinder, 36 planting bottom net, 37 buoyancy side fixing strip, 38 buoyancy strip water permeable hole, 39 transverse planting water storage tank strip, 40 water storage tank cover net, 41, 42 water suction pipe, 43 suction rod fixing clamp, 43 buoyancy inserting rod fixing strip filtering plate, 35 buoyancy inserting fixing clamp, 44 buoyancy water storage tank water pipe fixing clamp, 45 water storage tank water pipe, and water storage tank water inlet hole, 46 water inlet hole of buoyancy fixing strip, and water pipe clamp.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, technical terms used in the following examples have the same meanings as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. The test reagents used in the following examples, unless otherwise specified, are all conventional biochemical reagents; the experimental methods are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to examples.
A biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress and a construction method thereof comprise a power control system and a protection system;
the power control system includes: the system comprises a system controller 1, a system switch 2, a signal emitter 3, a pumping control button 4, a drip irrigation control button 5, a storage tank lifting handle 6, a solar panel 7, a buoyancy water pipe socket 8, a storage battery 9, a buoyancy water pipe 10, a drip irrigation pipe 11, a water pump 12 and a signal receiver 13;
the protection system includes: a protective groove cover plate moving track 14, a protective groove cover plate 15, a protective groove protective grid 16, a montmorillonite storage groove 17, montmorillonite powder 18, a montmorillonite storage groove air vent 19, a storage groove support rod 20, a storage groove slow release diaphragm 21, a biochar fertilizer slow release capsule 22, a capsule storage groove 23, a water seepage filter screen 24, a protective groove water inlet 25, a lateral buoyancy fixing strip air vent 26, a fixed protective groove 27, a plugging rod 28, a position fixing buckle 29, a plugging rod fixing sleeve 30, a protective plug 31, a sleeve fixing cone 32, a drip irrigation hole 33, a transverse buoyancy fixing strip 34, a shrub buoyancy planting cylinder 35, a shrub planting bottom net 36, a lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37, a drip irrigation strip water permeable hole 38, a transverse drip irrigation strip 39, a planting sleeve net 40, a water storage tank 41, a water suction pipe 42, a buoyancy water pipe vertical position fixing buckle 43, a buoyancy plugging rod fixing sleeve 44, a buoyancy plugging rod 45, a water storage tank water permeable hole filter screen 46, a water storage tank water permeable hole 47, a water absorption disc 48 and a biochar filter plate 49;
the whole structure of the fixed protection groove 27 is positioned below a bank slope soil layer, and a protection groove protection block 16 is arranged outside the upslope position, so that the damage to the upper structure of the fixed protection groove 27 caused by rainwater runoff erosion, pollutant erosion and gravel falling can be prevented;
the capsule storage grooves 23 are separated by a plurality of storage groove slow release diaphragms 21 to form a plurality of independent closed spaces, and the storage groove slow release diaphragms 21 can be gradually dissolved after absorbing moisture to release the upper layer biochar fertilizer slow release capsules 22; the bottom of the side surface of the fixed protective groove 27 is provided with a plurality of protective groove water inlet holes 25, and the protective groove water inlet holes 25 are on the same horizontal line; and the water inlet 25 of the protective groove is lower than the sustained-release diaphragm 21 of the storage groove at the bottommost part; the lowermost capsule storage tank 23 is not provided with the montmorillonite storage tank 17; the montmorillonite storing groove 17 is loaded with montmorillonite powder 18 with 1/3 of the volume, and is provided with a montmorillonite storing groove vent 19.
The top of the fixed protection groove 27 is respectively provided with a signal receiver 13, a solar cell panel 7, a storage battery 9, a water pump 12 and a protection groove cover plate 15 from top to bottom, and the fixed protection groove and the protection groove have waterproof functions; the top of the fixed protection groove 27 is slidably connected with a protection groove cover plate 15 through a protection groove cover plate moving track 14, and the protection groove cover plate 15 slides along the protection groove cover plate moving track 14 to realize the opening and closing of the capsule storage groove 23; the top of the solar cell panel 7 is provided with a storage tank lifting handle 6 which can extract the whole water seepage filter screen 24 and the capsule storage tank 23; the burying height of the fixed protection groove 27 is 5-10cm above the flood level when the solar cell panel 7 is positioned in 50 years;
the upper end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe 10 is connected with the outer side of the water pump 12, the lower end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is connected with the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod 45, and the water suction pipe 42 inside the buoyancy water conveying pipe penetrates through the whole buoyancy water conveying pipe 10 and the buoyancy inserting and extracting rod 45; the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod 45 is longitudinally concave, the bottom water sucking disc 48 is of a complete disc structure, and the bottom water sucking disc 48 can suck water in the water storage tank; the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod 45 can move up and down along a buoyancy pumping and inserting rod fixing sleeve 44 embedded in the water storage tank 41, a buoyancy water pipe vertical position fixing buckle 43 is arranged at the top of the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod fixing sleeve 44, the buoyancy water pipe vertical position fixing buckle 43 is of an inward convex structure, and after the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod 45 is lifted to the highest position, the bottom of the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod 45 can be fixed by the buoyancy water pipe vertical position fixing buckle 43, so that the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod fixing sleeve 44 is prevented from being separated;
the water storage tank 41 is completely buried under the soil body of the side slope and is positioned at the downhill position of the fixed protection groove 27, and the top of the water storage tank 41 is provided with a water storage tank water permeable hole 47 covering a water storage tank water permeable hole filter screen 46; a biochar filter plate 49 is arranged in the water storage tank 41, when the water level of river water is over or rainfall runoff flows through the water permeable holes 47 of the water storage tank, water sources can be stored, and double filtration of the water sources can be realized through the filter screen 46 of the water permeable holes of the water storage tank and the biochar filter plate 49; the drip irrigation pipe 11 is connected with the water pump 12, the drip irrigation pipe 11 extends downwards and is connected with the transverse buoyancy fixing strip 34 step by step, the tail end of the drip irrigation pipe 11 is connected with the transverse drip irrigation strip 39, and the drip irrigation pipe 11 and the transverse drip irrigation strip 39 are respectively provided with a drip irrigation hole 33 and a drip irrigation strip water permeable hole 38;
the plant planting area is surrounded by a lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37, the lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37 is respectively connected with the water storage tank 41 and the upper part of the fixed protection groove 27 and is positioned on a slope surface soil layer, the lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37 is of a hollow structure, and the lateral side of the lateral buoyancy fixing strip is provided with a lateral buoyancy fixing strip air hole 26; the lateral buoyancy fixing strips 37 are made of flexible materials and can be fixed to correspond to streamline shapes according to the shapes of the slopes; the lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37 is transversely connected with a transverse buoyancy fixing strip 34, the bottom of a connection position is provided with a plugging rod 28, the transverse buoyancy fixing strip 34 is of a hollow structure, the plugging rod 28 is longitudinally concave and embedded in a plugging rod fixing sleeve 30, the plugging rod fixing sleeve 30 is of a hollow structure, the top of the plugging rod fixing sleeve is provided with a position fixing buckle 29, the position fixing buckle 29 is inwards convex, and the bottom of the plugging rod 28 is provided with a cake-shaped protective plug 31; the inserting and pulling rod 28 can move up and down along the inside of the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve 30, and the highest position can be fixed on the position fixing buckle 29; a sleeve fixing cone 32 is arranged at the bottom of the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve 30, and the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve 30 is completely embedded under the slope soil;
the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder 35 is positioned in an area surrounded by the lateral buoyancy fixing strip 37 and is fixed on the transverse buoyancy fixing strip 34 and the drip irrigation pipe 11, the side wall of the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder 35 is of a hollow structure, and the bottom of the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder is provided with a shrub planting bottom net 36 which can be used for planting shallow root system shrubs; planting nets 40 are arranged at the bottoms of the areas surrounded by the bottom side buoyancy fixing strips 37 and the transverse drip irrigation strips 39, so that herbaceous plants can be planted; when the river water level is high, the lateral buoyancy fixing strips 37, the buoyancy water conveying pipe 10, the transverse buoyancy fixing strips 34, the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders 35 and the like float on the surface of the water body under the action of buoyancy, so that plants are prevented from being submerged under the river; when the water level drops below the water permeable holes 47 of the water storage tank, the plants are restored to the positions close to the side slopes;
the implementation process of the invention is as follows:
the implementation place of the invention is an ecological environment comprehensive improvement project accepted by our company, project areas are in south China, the rainfall is abundant all the year round, the soil and rivers in the project areas are polluted by nitrogen and phosphorus, the river bank side slopes are bare and have poor stability, the water level change is large, and a stable side slope ecological system with good landscape effect needs to be constructed.
Firstly, cutting two transverse grooves with certain depth along a side slope, ensuring that the top of the groove at the position of an uphill slope is higher than a flood water level within 50 years, the top of the groove at the position of a downhill slope is 5-10cm above a normal water level, embedding and fixing structures such as a protective groove 27, a water seepage filter screen 24 and the like in the transverse groove at the position of the uphill slope, embedding a water storage tank 41 in the transverse groove at the position of a downhill slope, and then filling and compacting soil; hammering the sleeve fixing cone 32 into the slope to make the lateral buoyancy fixing strips 37, the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders 35, the planting sleeve nets 36 and the like spread along the slope in a streamline shape; planting shrubs with shallow root systems in the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder, and planting herbaceous plants in gaps between the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders and the planting sleeve nets;
in the rich water period of 6-9 months, the river water level submerges the water permeable holes 47 of the water storage tank, and the water storage tank 41 stores water; in a dry period of 12-2 months, the system switch 2 and the water pumping control button 4 are started, water is pumped into the uphill water pump through the water suction disc 48 and the water suction pipe 42, the drip irrigation control button 5 is regulated and controlled, the flow rate is controlled, and irrigation of shrubs and herbaceous plants is carried out; in the dry season, irrigating once every 2 days at first, and irrigating once every 4 days after one month;
after the biochar in the fixed protective tank is used for a period of time and needs to be replaced, the lifting handle 6 of the storage tank is moved transversely, the capsule storage tank 23 is opened, the water seepage filter screen 24 is lifted, the internal structure is taken out, and the water seepage filter screen 24, the biochar fertilizer slow-release capsule 22 and the montmorillonite powder 18 are replaced.
By constructing the ecological water bank slope protection system, the ecological environment quality of a project area is greatly improved, the plant community is quickly restored, the diffusion of runoff pollutants is effectively controlled, the slope stability is stronger, the stress resistance of plants is obviously enhanced, the survival rate reaches more than 90 percent, and the social benefit, the ecological benefit and the economic benefit are obvious.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an ecological bank protection slope system of biological charcoal suitable for drought and waterlogging are threatened in turn which characterized in that: comprises a power control system and a protection system;
the power control system comprises a buoyancy water conveying pipe (10), a drip irrigation pipe (11) and a water pump (12), wherein the upper end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe (10) is fixed on the outer side of the water pump (12), the lower end of the buoyancy water conveying pipe is connected with a buoyancy pumping and inserting rod (45), and a water suction pipe (42) penetrates through the whole buoyancy water conveying pipe (10) and the inside of the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod (45); the water suction pipe (42) and the drip irrigation pipe (11) are respectively connected with the water pump (12);
the protection system comprises a fixed protection groove (27), a capsule storage groove (23), a montmorillonite storage groove (17) and a water storage tank (41); the fixed protection groove (27) is positioned below the side slope soil layer and is of a hollow structure; a water seepage filter screen (24) is inserted into the fixed protective groove (27), and the water seepage filter screen (24) is wrapped to form a capsule storage groove (23); the inside of the capsule storage tank (23) is provided with a biochar fertilizer slow-release capsule (22); the montmorillonite storage tank (17) is arranged on the inner side wall of the capsule storage tank (23);
the upper surface of the water storage tank (41) is provided with water permeable holes (47) of the water storage tank, the interior of the water storage tank is of a hollow structure, and a biochar filter plate (49) is arranged; the bottom of the water suction pipe (42) is connected with a water suction disc (48).
2. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the capsule storage groove (23) is divided by a plurality of storage groove slow-release membranes (21) to form a plurality of independent closed spaces; the bottom of the side surface of the fixed protective groove (27) is provided with a plurality of protective groove water inlet holes (25), and the protective groove water inlet holes (25) are on the same horizontal line; and the water inlet hole (25) of the protective groove is lower than the slow-release diaphragm (21) of the bottommost storage groove; the bottommost capsule storage tank (23) is not provided with a montmorillonite storage tank (17); the montmorillonite storage tank (17) is internally loaded with montmorillonite powder with the volume of 1/3, and is provided with an air vent (19) of the montmorillonite storage tank.
3. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the fixed protection groove (27) is respectively provided with a signal receiver (13), a solar cell panel (7), a storage battery (9), a water pump (12) and a protection groove cover plate (15) from top to bottom, and the fixed protection groove and the protection groove have waterproof functions; the top of the fixed protection groove (27) is connected with a protection groove cover plate (15) in a sliding way through a protection groove cover plate moving track (14), and the protection groove cover plate (15) slides along the protection groove cover plate moving track (14) to realize the opening and closing of the capsule storage groove (23); the top of the solar cell panel (7) is provided with a storage groove lifting handle (6).
4. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the buoyancy pumping and inserting rod (45) is longitudinally concave, the water absorbing disc (48) at the bottom is of a disc structure, and the water absorbing disc (48) can absorb water in the water storage tank (41); inserted bar (45) can be taken out along the buoyancy of embedded in storage water tank (41) inserted bar fixed sleeve (44) and reciprocate, inserted bar fixed sleeve (44) top is taken out to buoyancy is equipped with buoyancy raceway vertical position fixed buckle (43), buoyancy raceway vertical position fixed buckle (43) are interior convex structure, ensure that buoyancy is taken out inserted bar (45) and promote to the highest position after, the bottom can receive buoyancy raceway vertical position fixed buckle (43) fixed, avoid breaking away from buoyancy and take out inserted bar fixed sleeve (44).
5. The charcoal ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the fixed protection groove (27) is positioned below a bank slope soil layer, and a protection groove protection block (16) is arranged outside the upslope position; the water storage tank (41) is buried under the soil body of the side slope and is positioned at the downhill position of the fixed protection groove (27).
6. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the top of the water storage tank (41) is provided with a water storage tank water permeable hole (47) covering a water storage tank water permeable hole filter screen (46); a biochar filter plate (49) is arranged in the water storage tank (41); drip irrigation pipe (11) downwardly extending, link to each other with horizontal buoyancy fixed strip (34) step by step, end connection horizontal drip irrigation strip (39), be equipped with on drip irrigation pipe (11), horizontal drip irrigation strip (39) respectively and drip irrigation hole (33), drip irrigation strip hole (38) of permeating water.
7. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the upper parts of the water storage tank (41) and the fixed protection groove (27) are respectively connected with a lateral buoyancy fixing strip (37), a plant planting area is surrounded by the lateral buoyancy fixing strip (37), the plant planting area is positioned on a slope surface soil layer, the lateral buoyancy fixing strip (37) is of a hollow structure, and the lateral surface of the lateral buoyancy fixing strip is provided with a lateral buoyancy fixing strip ventilation hole (26); the lateral buoyancy fixing strips (37) are made of flexible materials and can fix corresponding streamline shapes according to the shapes of the slopes.
8. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the lateral buoyancy fixing strip (37) is transversely connected with the transverse buoyancy fixing strip (34), and the bottom of the connection position is provided with a drawing and inserting rod (28); the transverse buoyancy fixing strip (34) is of a hollow structure, the inserting and pulling rod (28) is longitudinally concave and embedded in an inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve (30), the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve (30) is of a hollow structure, a position fixing buckle (29) is arranged at the top of the inserting and pulling rod fixing sleeve, the position fixing buckle (29) is inwards convex, and a protection plug (31) in a round cake shape is arranged at the bottom of the inserting and pulling rod (28); the drawing and inserting rod (28) can move up and down along the inside of the drawing and inserting rod fixing sleeve (30), and the highest position can be fixed on the position fixing buckle (29); the bottom of the drawing and inserting rod fixing sleeve (30) is provided with a sleeve fixing cone (32), and the drawing and inserting rod fixing sleeve (30) is buried under the slope soil.
9. The biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for drought and waterlogging alternate stress as claimed in claim 7, wherein: a shrub buoyancy planting cylinder (35) is arranged in the area surrounded by the lateral buoyancy fixing strip (37); a bush buoyancy planting cylinder (35) is fixed on the transverse buoyancy fixing strip (34) and the drip irrigation pipe (11), the side wall of the bush buoyancy planting cylinder (35) is of a hollow structure, and the bottom of the bush buoyancy planting cylinder is provided with a bush planting bottom net (36); planting netting (40) is arranged at the bottom of the area enclosed by the lateral buoyancy fixing strips (37) close to the water storage tank (41) and the transverse drip irrigation strips (39) to plant herbaceous plants.
10. A method for constructing the charcoal ecological water bank revetment system according to any one of claims 1-9, which is suitable for drought and waterlogging alternating stress, comprising: firstly, cutting two transverse grooves with certain depth along a side slope, ensuring that the top of the groove at the position of an uphill slope is higher than a flood water level within 50 years, the top of the groove at the position of a downhill slope is 5-10cm above a normal water level, burying a fixed protection groove (27) and a related device thereof in the transverse groove at the position of the uphill slope, burying a water storage tank (41) in the transverse groove at the position of a downhill slope, and then filling and compacting soil; hammering a sleeve fixing cone (32) into the slope to enable the lateral buoyancy fixing strips (37), the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders (35) and the planting sleeve nets (40) to be respectively tiled along the slope to be in a streamline shape so as to slow down the flow velocity of runoff; shallow root system shrubs are planted in the shrub buoyancy planting cylinder (35), and herbaceous plants are planted at the gaps among the shrub buoyancy planting cylinders (35) and the positions of planting cover nets (40).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210839135.1A CN115262477B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for alternate stress of drought and waterlogging |
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| CN202210839135.1A CN115262477B (en) | 2022-07-18 | 2022-07-18 | Biochar ecological water bank slope protection system suitable for alternate stress of drought and waterlogging |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003013424A (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-15 | Tamai Kankyo Syst Kk | Lakeside greening method |
| CN214168940U (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-09-10 | 韶关市华源水电建设有限公司 | Ecological bank protection of hydraulic engineering |
| CN114277735A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-05 | 浙江富江水利水电工程有限公司 | Ecological river channel structure and construction method |
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2022
- 2022-07-18 CN CN202210839135.1A patent/CN115262477B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003013424A (en) * | 2001-06-29 | 2003-01-15 | Tamai Kankyo Syst Kk | Lakeside greening method |
| CN214168940U (en) * | 2020-12-19 | 2021-09-10 | 韶关市华源水电建设有限公司 | Ecological bank protection of hydraulic engineering |
| CN114277735A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-04-05 | 浙江富江水利水电工程有限公司 | Ecological river channel structure and construction method |
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