CN115261676A - Thermistor alloy, thermistor, manufacturing method of thermistor and glass - Google Patents
Thermistor alloy, thermistor, manufacturing method of thermistor and glass Download PDFInfo
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- CN115261676A CN115261676A CN202210887704.XA CN202210887704A CN115261676A CN 115261676 A CN115261676 A CN 115261676A CN 202210887704 A CN202210887704 A CN 202210887704A CN 115261676 A CN115261676 A CN 115261676A
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- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- 239000007888 film coating Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 238000009529 body temperature measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 3
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 2
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C1/00—Manufacture of metal sheets, metal wire, metal rods, metal tubes by drawing
- B21C1/003—Drawing materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special drawing methods or sequences
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
- C23C14/14—Metallic material, boron or silicon
- C23C14/20—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates
- C23C14/205—Metallic material, boron or silicon on organic substrates by cathodic sputtering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
- C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
- C23C14/34—Sputtering
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/02—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having positive temperature coefficient
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01C—RESISTORS
- H01C7/00—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material
- H01C7/04—Non-adjustable resistors formed as one or more layers or coatings; Non-adjustable resistors made from powdered conducting material or powdered semi-conducting material with or without insulating material having negative temperature coefficient
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermistor alloy, a thermistor, a manufacturing method of the thermistor alloy and glass, wherein the thermistor alloy is applied to the thermistor used by special equipment, and the thermistor alloy comprises nickel and iron, wherein the molar content of nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-30%. Because the components of the thermistor alloy comprise nickel and iron, and the molar content of the nickel and the iron is respectively 70-80% and 20-30%, the components of the thermistor alloy are less, the design of the resistor can be simplified, and the thermistor alloy prepared by reasonably configuring the molar content of the nickel and the iron has higher temperature sensitivity so as to meet the requirement of high-precision resistance measurement, and particularly when the thermistor alloy is applied to special equipment such as an airplane and the like, the high-precision resistance measurement can be realized through the thermistor alloy.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of resistors, in particular to a thermistor alloy, a thermistor, a manufacturing method of the thermistor alloy and glass.
Background
For example, in hot summer, when the airplane on the ground is in strong direct sunlight, the surface temperature of a windshield glass reaches 60 ℃, when the airplane flies at high altitude of 12000 m, the atmospheric environment temperature reaches-56.5 ℃ at the lowest, and the high-temperature environment or the low-temperature environment affects the temperature inside the airplane, and when the atmospheric environment temperature is low and the temperature inside the airplane is high, the outer surface of the windshield glass is frozen and the inner surface of the windshield glass is fogged, so that the sight of a driver is affected, and danger is possibly caused. Therefore, a thermistor is disposed in the windshield of these special devices to remove the ice layer and the fog layer on the windshield.
However, in the related art, the composition system of the thermistor is very complex, which results in a large influence factor of the temperature coefficient of the thermistor, thereby resulting in a very complex design of the thermistor, and if the composition system has less components, the temperature sensitivity of the thermistor is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention discloses a thermistor alloy, a thermistor, a manufacturing method of the thermistor and glass.
In order to achieve the purpose, in a first aspect, the embodiment of the invention discloses a thermistor alloy, which is applied to a thermistor applied to special equipment, and the composition of the thermistor alloy comprises nickel and iron, wherein the molar content of nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-30%.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the molar content of nickel is 75% to 80%, and the molar content of iron is 20% to 25%.
As an alternative embodiment, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, the molar content of nickel is 75%, and the molar content of iron is 25%.
As an alternative implementation, in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the component of the resistor further includes a soft metal, and the molar content of the soft metal is 1% to 5% of the sum of the molar contents of the iron and the nickel.
As an alternative implementation, in the embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, the soft metal includes at least one of aluminum, copper, gold, and silver.
In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a thermistor, comprising an insulating carrier and a thermistor alloy arranged on the insulating carrier, wherein the thermistor alloy is the thermistor alloy according to the first aspect.
In a third aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a thermistor according to the second aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
drawing: drawing a metal bar to form a resistance wire, wherein the resistance wire is the thermistor alloy;
wherein the components of the metal rod comprise nickel and iron, the molar content of the nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of the iron is 20-30%;
preparation: and arranging the resistance wire on the insulating carrier to prepare and form the thermistor.
As an alternative embodiment, in the embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, the component of the metal rod is soft metal, and the molar content of the soft metal is 1% to 5% of the sum of the molar contents of the iron and the nickel; the wire drawing step specifically comprises the following steps:
and drawing the metal rod until the diameter of the formed resistance wire is less than or equal to 50 μm.
In a fourth aspect, the present invention discloses a method for preparing a thermistor according to the second aspect, wherein the method comprises the following steps:
film coating: putting the insulating carrier into a vacuum coating instrument for sputtering so as to form a metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier, wherein the metal film layer is the thermistor alloy, the target of the vacuum coating instrument is the nickel-iron alloy, and the thickness of the metal film layer is 1-10 mu m;
etching: and carrying out laser etching on the metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier to form the thermistor.
In a fifth aspect, the invention discloses glass, which is applied to special equipment, and the glass comprises a glass body and the thermistor according to the second aspect, wherein the thermistor is arranged on the glass body.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by adopting the thermistor alloy, the thermistor, the manufacturing method of the thermistor alloy and the glass, the components of the thermistor alloy comprise nickel and iron, and the molar contents of the nickel and the iron are respectively 70-80% and 20-30%, so that the components of the thermistor alloy are fewer, the design of the resistor can be simplified, the thermistor alloy prepared by reasonably configuring the molar contents of the nickel and the iron has higher temperature sensitivity so as to meet the requirement of high-precision temperature measurement, and particularly when the thermistor alloy is applied to special equipment such as an airplane and the like, the resistance value can be measured with high precision through the thermistor.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a first thermistor provided herein;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a second thermistor provided herein;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a third thermistor provided herein;
FIG. 4 is a phase diagram of a nickel-iron alloy of the present application;
fig. 5 is a graph of temperature-resistance relationships of thermistors of example one, example two, and comparative example one.
Detailed Description
In the present invention, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "center", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate an orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the invention and its embodiments and are not intended to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used to indicate other meanings besides the orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "on" may also be used to indicate some kind of attachment or connection relationship in some cases. The specific meanings of these terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or an electrical connection; may be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to specific situations.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the specific nature and configuration may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of the indicated devices, elements, or components. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The technical solution of the present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments and the accompanying drawings.
The first aspect of the application discloses a thermistor alloy 2, which is applied to a thermistor 10 used for special equipment, and the components of the thermistor alloy 2 comprise nickel and iron, wherein the molar content of nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-30%. Illustratively, the molar content of nickel is 70%, 72%, 75%, 78%, 80%, etc., and the molar content of iron is 20%, 22%, 25%, 28%, 30%, etc.
The thermistor alloy 10 that this application first aspect disclosed includes nickel and iron, and the molar content of nickel and iron is 70% ~ 80% and 20% ~ 30% respectively, like this, the component of this thermistor alloy is less, can simplify thermistor alloy 2's design, and the thermistor alloy 2 that forms through the preparation of the molar content of rational configuration nickel and iron has higher temperature sensitivity, in order to satisfy 2 measurement demands of thermistor alloy of high accuracy, especially when being applied to special equipment such as aircraft, can realize high accuracy measurement resistance through this thermistor alloy 2.
It should be noted that the special equipment includes, but is not limited to, an airplane, a special vehicle, a ship, etc.
Furthermore, the molar content of nickel is 75-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-25%. As can be seen from fig. 4 and 5, when the molar content of nickel is 75% and the molar content of iron is 25%, the thermistor alloy 2 is located at the triple point of the nickel-iron alloy, and when the molar content of nickel is 75% to 80% and the molar content of iron is 20% to 25%, the relationship curve between temperature and resistance is a broken line, it can be seen that, as the temperature increases, the crystal form of the thermistor alloy 2 changes, the temperature coefficient of the thermistor alloy also changes, when the temperature is lower, the temperature coefficient of the thermistor alloy is higher, so that the sensitivity to temperature is higher, so as to improve the accuracy of temperature measurement, when the temperature is higher, the temperature coefficient of the thermistor alloy is smaller, and when the thermistor 10 is at a higher temperature, the maximum range of the thermistor 10 is not easily exceeded.
Further, the molar content of nickel was 75% and the molar content of iron was 25%. The temperature sensitivity of the thermistor 10 is improved by setting the thermistor alloy to be the nickel-iron alloy and controlling the nickel-iron alloy to be at a three-phase point, so that the accuracy of measuring the temperature of the thermistor 10 is improved.
Alternatively, the thermistor alloy 2 may be prepared by a wire drawing method or a sputtering method, and when prepared by the wire drawing method, the thermistor alloy 2 is easily broken if the toughness of the thermistor alloy 2 is poor, and based on this, in some embodiments, the composition of the thermistor alloy 2 further includes a soft metal having a molar content of 1% to 5% of the sum of the molar contents of iron and nickel. Illustratively, the molar content of the soft metal is 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc. of the sum of the molar contents of iron and nickel. By adding 1-5% of soft metal, the toughness of the thermistor alloy can be improved, the difficulty of preparing the thermistor alloy by a wire drawing method is reduced, and the yield is improved.
Optionally, the soft metal comprises at least one of aluminum, copper, gold, silver. By adding at least one soft metal of aluminum, copper, gold and silver, the toughness of the thermistor alloy 2 can be effectively improved, so that the difficulty of preparing the thermistor alloy 2 by a wire drawing method is reduced, and the yield is improved. In particular, aluminum is added, and the aluminum has high toughness, low price, and economy while improving the toughness of the thermistor alloy.
The second aspect of the application discloses a thermistor 10, and the thermistor 10 is applied to special equipment, and comprises an insulating carrier 1 and a thermistor alloy 2 arranged on the insulating carrier 1, wherein the thermistor alloy 2 is the thermistor alloy 2 of the first aspect. It is understood that the thermistor 10 including the thermistor alloy 2 also has the technical effect of the thermistor alloy 2.
It will be appreciated that the thermistor 10 is also required to be provided for windshields of aircraft, special vehicles, ships and the like to measure temperature, and in order to ensure the light transmission of the glass to avoid blocking the driver, in some embodiments, the insulating carrier 1 is made of a transparent material. Through setting up this insulating carrier 1 for transparent material to be convenient for this thermistor 10 is applied to glass, can also guarantee glass's light transmissivity when measuring the temperature, in order to avoid blockking driver's sight.
Exemplarily, the insulating carrier 1 may be a transparent plastic, a transparent mica sheet, glass, or the like.
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, when the thermistor 10 is manufactured by a wire drawing method, the thermistor alloy 2 may be disposed on the insulating support 1, for example, the thermistor alloy 2 may be wound around the insulating support 1 or coiled on the insulating support 1, and optionally, the thermistor further includes a terminal 3 for electrically connecting the thermistor alloy, and the terminal 3 is welded to the thermistor alloy 2. When the thermistor 10 is manufactured by a sputtering method, the thermistor alloy 2 can be directly formed on the surface of the insulating support 1 by sputtering.
The third aspect of the present application discloses a method for preparing the thermistor 10 of the first aspect, which comprises the following steps:
drawing: drawing a metal rod to form a resistance wire, wherein the resistance wire is the thermistor alloy;
wherein, the components of the metal bar comprise nickel and iron, the molar content of nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-30%.
The thermistor 10 is prepared by a wire drawing method, the process is mature, and the yield is high.
Furthermore, the components of the metal rod also comprise soft metal, the molar content of the soft metal is 1-5% of the sum of the molar contents of iron and nickel, and the wire drawing step specifically comprises the following steps:
and drawing the metal rod until the diameter of the formed resistance wire is less than or equal to 50 mu m.
Illustratively, the molar content of the soft metal is 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, etc. of the sum of the molar contents of iron and nickel. By adopting the metal rod containing 1% -5% of soft metal, the toughness of the metal rod is improved, and the metal is drawn until the diameter of the resistance wire is less than or equal to 50 micrometers, so that the resistance of the metal rod is larger, the temperature sensitivity of the thermistor 10 is favorably improved, and the accuracy of temperature detection is improved. Illustratively, the diameter of the resistance wire is 50 μm, 45 μm, 40 μm, 35 μm, 30 μm, and the like.
Optionally, the soft metal comprises at least one of aluminum, copper, gold, silver. The toughness of the resistor can be effectively improved by adding at least one soft metal of aluminum, copper, gold and silver, so that the difficulty of preparing the resistor by a wire drawing method is reduced, and the yield is improved. Particularly, aluminum is added, so that the toughness of the aluminum is high, the price of the aluminum is low, and the aluminum has economical efficiency while the toughness of the aluminum is improved.
The fourth aspect of the present application discloses a method for manufacturing the thermistor 10 according to the second aspect, the method comprising the steps of:
film coating: putting the insulating carrier into a vacuum coating instrument for sputtering so as to form a metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier, wherein the metal film layer is the thermistor alloy, and the target of the vacuum coating instrument is nickel-iron alloy;
etching: and carrying out laser etching on the metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier to form the thermistor.
The metal film layer is sputtered by the vacuum coating instrument and then the resistance circuit is formed through laser etching to form the thermistor 10, compared with the thermistor 10 prepared by a wire drawing method, the preparation method does not need a grinding tool required by the wire drawing method, and the cost of production equipment can be reduced.
Further, in the coating step, the thickness of the metal film layer is 1-10 μm. Illustratively, the thickness of the metal film layer is 1 μm, 3 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, or the like. The thickness of the metal film layer is set to be 1-10 microns, so that the metal film layer can have a smaller cross section area to improve the resistance of the resistor 2, the sensitivity of the thermistor 10 on temperature detection is improved, and the detection precision is improved. When the thickness of the metal film layer is less than 1 μm, the metal film layer is too thin and easily broken. When the thickness of the metal film layer is greater than 10 μm, it is difficult to obtain a large resistance value after the metal film layer is passed, so that the temperature sensitivity of the thermistor 10 is not high enough, and the accuracy of temperature measurement is not high enough.
In some embodiments, the thermistor 10 is applied to glass, and the insulating carrier 1 may be glass, for example, the insulating carrier 1 is high alumina glass. Before the step of coating, the preparation method further comprises the following steps:
cutting a large glass substrate to form an insulating carrier;
polishing the periphery of the insulating carrier;
and putting the polished insulating carrier into a molten salt pool for strengthening.
Specifically, when the insulating carrier 1 after cutting the glass substrate is a wafer, the diameter thereof is 10mm to 40mm, and when the insulating carrier 1 after cutting the glass substrate is a block, the width thereof is 10mm to 40mm, and the length thereof is 10mm to 40mm. Through the reasonable size that sets up insulating carrier 1, can have suitable temperature measurement area to accurate reaction environment temperature. Illustratively, when the insulating support 1 after cutting the glass substrate is a wafer, the diameter thereof is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, or the like. When the insulating support 1 after cutting the glass substrate is in a block shape, the width thereof is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, etc., and the length thereof is 10mm, 20mm, 30mm, 40mm, etc.
In addition, the periphery of the cut insulating carrier 1 is polished, and the polished insulating carrier 1 is put into a molten salt pool for strengthening, so that the structural strength of the insulating carrier 1 is improved, and the insulating carrier can be applied to special equipment such as airplanes, special vehicles and ships.
Alternatively, the salt in the molten salt pond may include potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, and the like.
The fourth aspect of the present application also discloses a glass, which is applied to special equipment, and the glass comprises a glass body and the thermistor 10 as described in the first aspect, wherein the thermistor 10 is arranged on the glass body. The glass can be applied to windshield glass of airplanes, special vehicles and ships.
Since the glass includes the thermistor 10 as described in the first aspect, the glass has all the technical effects of the thermistor 10 as described in the first aspect, and thus, the details thereof are not repeated.
Further, the insulating carrier 1 of the thermistor 10 is made of a transparent material, so that the permeability of the glass is not affected, and particularly, when the insulating carrier is applied to windshields of airplanes, vehicles and ships, the sight of drivers is not affected.
Example one of the present examples discloses a thermistor alloy having a composition comprising nickel in a molar ratio of 72.41%, iron in a molar ratio of 25.44%, and aluminum in a molar ratio of 2.15%.
The embodiment of the application also discloses a thermistor prepared from the thermistor alloy, and the thermistor comprises a transparent mica sheet and the thermistor alloy arranged on the lens mica sheet.
The embodiment of the present application further discloses a method for preparing the thermistor 10, which includes the following steps:
processing a metal bar: melting nickel with the molar content of 72.41%, iron with the molar content of 25.44% and aluminum with the molar content of 2.15% in a vacuum electric furnace or an atmosphere electric furnace, casting and forming, and processing into a metal rod with the diameter of 8 mm;
drawing: gradually drawing and reducing the resistance wire on a wire drawing machine to the diameter of 50 mu m, wherein the resistance wire is made of thermistor alloy;
preparation: the resistance wire was placed on a transparent mica sheet to prepare a thermistor.
It will be appreciated that during drawing, a significant amount of stress builds up from the rod to the wire, and therefore the stress in the wire can also be removed by annealing after the drawing step, thereby further improving the performance of the resistance wire.
Example two
The second embodiment of the present application discloses a method for preparing a thermistor 10, which is different from the first embodiment in that:
the molar content of nickel is 74.39%, the molar content of iron is 23.49% and the molar content of aluminum is 2.12%.
EXAMPLE III
The third embodiment of the present application discloses a thermistor alloy 10, which includes 75% nickel by mole and 25% iron by mole.
The third embodiment of the application also discloses a thermistor prepared from the thermistor alloy, and the thermistor comprises high-alumina glass and the thermistor alloy arranged on the high-alumina glass.
The third embodiment of the present application further discloses a preparation method of the thermistor 10, which includes the following steps:
film coating: the high-alumina glass is placed in a vacuum sputtering instrument for sputtering, and the thickness of a nickel-iron alloy film sputtered on the high-alumina glass is 1 mu m, wherein the target of the vacuum sputtering instrument is nickel-iron alloy, the molar content of nickel accounts for 75%, and the molar content of iron accounts for 25%. Sputtering chamber body vacuum is less than or equal to 5 in area10-2Pa, the working vacuum is 0.5-1.5 Pa, the working gas Ar is 100sccm (standard cubic centimeter per minute), and the sputtering time is 1-2 hours.
Etching: and carrying out laser etching on the nickel-iron alloy film on the high-alumina glass to form the thermistor.
Comparative example 1
The first comparative example of the present application discloses a method for manufacturing a thermistor 10, which is different from the first embodiment in that:
the molar content of nickel is 68.48%, the molar content of iron is 29.35% and the molar content of aluminum is 2.17%.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, fig. 4 is a phase diagram of a nickel-iron alloy, and fig. 5 is a graph showing a relationship between temperature and resistance of three thermistors 10 prepared in the first embodiment, the second embodiment and the first embodiment. Wherein the thermistor 10 of the first embodiment has a temperature coefficient of 2.3 Ω/c at 20 ℃ or lower and a temperature coefficient of 2.7 Ω/c at 20 ℃ or higher, the thermistor 10 of the second embodiment has a temperature coefficient of 2.2 Ω/c at 20 ℃ or lower and a temperature coefficient of 3.0 Ω/c at 20 ℃ or higher, and the thermistor 10 of the first embodiment has a straight line relationship between temperature and resistance and the thermistor 2 has a temperature coefficient of 2.4 Ω/c.
As can be seen from fig. 4, the thermistors 10 of the fourth embodiment and the fifth embodiment of the present application have higher temperature coefficients, so as to improve the sensitivity of the thermistors 10 to temperature, and particularly, in the second embodiment, when the molar content of nickel is 74.39%, the molar content of iron is 23.49%, and the molar content of aluminum is 2.12%, the temperature coefficient of the resistance 2 can reach 3.0 Ω/c, so as to have higher temperature sensitivity, thereby being beneficial to improving the sensitivity and accuracy of temperature detection.
It can be understood that the relationship between the temperature and the resistance of the thermistor 10 in the related art is a straight line and has only one temperature coefficient, and the temperature control logic and strategy of the temperature controller in the related art are suitable for the thermistor 10 having only one temperature coefficient, and even if the thermistors 10 of different models are applied to the temperature controller, it is difficult to accurately control the temperature if the models of the thermistors 10 and the models of the temperature controller do not correspond to each other, thereby easily causing a safety accident.
The thermistor 10 of the present application has a multi-stage temperature coefficient, and is not suitable for a temperature controller in the related art, so that misuse is not caused, and safety is improved.
The thermistor alloy, the thermistor, the manufacturing method of the thermistor and the glass disclosed in the embodiments of the invention are described in detail, the principle and the embodiment of the invention are explained by applying specific examples, and the description of the embodiments is only used for helping understanding the thermistor alloy, the thermistor and the manufacturing method of the thermistor, the glass and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The thermistor alloy is characterized by being applied to a thermistor used by special equipment, and comprising nickel and iron, wherein the molar content of nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of iron is 20-30%.
2. A thermistor alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar content of nickel is 75-80% and the molar content of iron is 20-25%.
3. A thermistor alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that the molar content of nickel is 75% and the molar content of iron is 25%.
4. A thermistor alloy according to any of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the thermistor alloy is a resistance wire, the composition of the thermistor alloy further comprises a soft metal, the molar content of which is 1% to 5% of the sum of the molar contents of iron and nickel.
5. A thermistor alloy according to claim 4, characterized in that the soft metal comprises at least one of aluminium, copper, gold, silver.
6. A thermistor comprising an insulating support and a thermistor alloy provided on said insulating support, said thermistor alloy being a thermistor alloy according to any of claims 1 to 5.
7. A method of manufacturing a thermistor according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the following steps:
drawing: drawing a metal bar to form a resistance wire, wherein the resistance wire is the thermistor alloy;
the metal bar comprises nickel and iron, wherein the molar content of the nickel is 70-80%, and the molar content of the iron is 20-30%;
preparation: and arranging the resistance wire on the insulating carrier to prepare and form the thermistor.
8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that the components of the metal rod further comprise a soft metal, and the molar content of the soft metal is 1-5% of the sum of the molar contents of the iron and the nickel; the wire drawing step specifically comprises the following steps:
and drawing the metal rod until the diameter of the formed resistance wire is less than or equal to 50 μm.
9. A method of making a thermistor according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
film coating: putting the insulating carrier into a vacuum coating instrument for sputtering so as to form a metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier, wherein the metal film layer is the thermistor alloy, the target of the vacuum coating instrument is a nickel-iron alloy, and the thickness of the metal film layer is 1-10 mu m;
etching: and carrying out laser etching on the metal film layer on the surface of the insulating carrier to form the thermistor.
10. Glass for special equipment, comprising a glass body and a thermistor according to claim 6, wherein the thermistor is arranged on the glass body.
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| CN202210887704.XA CN115261676A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Thermistor alloy, thermistor, manufacturing method of thermistor and glass |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210887704.XA CN115261676A (en) | 2022-07-26 | 2022-07-26 | Thermistor alloy, thermistor, manufacturing method of thermistor and glass |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1454993A (en) * | 1972-11-07 | 1976-11-10 | Post Office | Manufacture of nickel-iron films and patterns in such films |
| CN102800449A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-28 | 东莞市东思电子技术有限公司 | Chip thermistor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103060615A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-04-24 | 江苏华鑫合金有限公司 | Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermal resistance alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651666A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏华鑫合金有限公司 | PTC thermistor alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN105331891A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-17 | 刘潇 | Alloy steel for high-temperature-resistant resistor |
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2022
- 2022-07-26 CN CN202210887704.XA patent/CN115261676A/en active Pending
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1454993A (en) * | 1972-11-07 | 1976-11-10 | Post Office | Manufacture of nickel-iron films and patterns in such films |
| CN102800449A (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2012-11-28 | 东莞市东思电子技术有限公司 | Chip thermistor and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103060615A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2013-04-24 | 江苏华鑫合金有限公司 | Positive temperature coefficient (PTC) thermal resistance alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN104651666A (en) * | 2013-01-28 | 2015-05-27 | 江苏华鑫合金有限公司 | PTC thermistor alloy wire and preparation method thereof |
| CN105331891A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-02-17 | 刘潇 | Alloy steel for high-temperature-resistant resistor |
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| 白全智: "热敏电阻合金", 材料导报, no. 06, pages 27 - 30 * |
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Effective date of registration: 20230801 Address after: Guanzhuang Dongli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100024 (Building Materials Research Institute) Applicant after: BEIJING HANGBO NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: CHINA BUILDING MATERIALS ACADMEY Applicant after: China Building Materials Group Co.,Ltd. Address before: Guanzhuang Dongli, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100024 (Building Materials Research Institute) Applicant before: BEIJING HANGBO NEW MATERIAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. |
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Application publication date: 20221101 |