CN115260173B - 环戊烷并吲哚类支链酸衍生物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
环戊烷并吲哚类支链酸衍生物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN115260173B CN115260173B CN202111210860.4A CN202111210860A CN115260173B CN 115260173 B CN115260173 B CN 115260173B CN 202111210860 A CN202111210860 A CN 202111210860A CN 115260173 B CN115260173 B CN 115260173B
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种环戊烷并吲哚类支链酸衍生物及其制备方法和应用,提供通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于药物化学领域,涉及一类新的S1P受体激动剂,具体涉及一种环戊烷并吲哚类支链酸衍生物作为S1P受体激动剂、及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
含氮杂环化合物有着非常独特的生物活性,其毒性低,普遍存在于天然产物、药物化学以及材料化学中,常被用做医药结构组成单元,并在医药合成方面起着重要的作用。吲哚是吡咯与苯并联的化合物,又称苯并吡咯。有些吲哚的衍生物与生命活动密切相关,所以吲哚也是一个很重要的杂环化合物。吲哚以其较高的生物活性,使其在抗高血压、抗增殖、抗病毒、抗肿瘤、镇痛、抗炎、抗菌等多个治疗领域的药物中。例如,吲哚结构最为重要的治疗领域是抗肿瘤药物、神经系统药物、内分泌和代谢药物、心脑血管药物、泌尿生殖系统药物、抗精神病药物、消化系统药物、抗感染药物等。常见靶点:促性腺激素释放激素受体(GnRHR)、促生长激素释放激素受体(GHSR)、胰高血糖素样肽-1受体(GLP1R)、黑色素受体-4(MC4R)、跨膜糖蛋白(Gp41)、组蛋白去乙酰化酶家族(HDAC)。吲哚类化合物的合成方法一直是人们研究的热点,其合成方法一直在不断完善和发展中。
1-磷酸鞘氨醇(sphingosine-1-phosphate,S1P)是近年来发现的具有重要生理功能的生物活性脂类。S1P可激活一系列下游信号通路产生重要的生理功能,如细胞的增值、迁移、存活、凋亡和细胞通讯等,从而参与免疫调节、糖代谢调节和炎症调节等多种生理功能。近年来,基于S1P信号通路的药物研发已成为自身免疫疾病、肿瘤、炎症等相关领域的研究热点。磷酸鞘氨醇受体(sphingosine 1-phosphate receptor,S1PR)属于G蛋白偶联受体家族,目前已发现5种亚型,分别称为S1PR1、2、3、4和5。不同亚型在各组织中分布不同。其中,S1PR1、2和3分布广泛,S1PR4主要表达于血液细胞和淋巴细胞,S1PR5表达于皮肤和中枢系统。S1PR1可通过控制淋巴细胞的迁移而产生免疫抑制,S1PR3可导致急性毒性及心动过缓。小分子S1P1受体激动剂可模拟S1P与受体结合,S1P1受体激动会扰乱淋巴细胞运输二隔离淋巴细胞,临床研究表明淋巴细胞隔离可降低炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤。因此,开发新颖的S1P1受体激动剂用于预防和/或治炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤将具有广阔的应用前景。
康乃德生物的CBP-307目前正在开展针对中重度溃疡性结肠炎/克罗恩治疗的临床实验。WO2018/014862也公开了一系列三环类化合物作为S1P1受体激动剂的应用。
炎症性肠病(IBD)是一种病因不明的慢性肠道疾病,主要类型为溃疡性结肠炎(UC)和克罗恩病(CD)。IBD影响了全世界500万人,欧美等发达国家已经经历过快速发展阶段,目前发病率约30/10万。亚洲成为增加最快的地区,近几十年来新发病例开始飙升。目前我国IBD总病例数约40万,是IBD发病率最高的亚洲国家,特别是近10年,UC增长2.3倍多,CD增长甚至达到15倍多。IBD的治疗药物主要有5-氨基水杨酸、糖皮质激素、免疫抑制剂三类经典药物,但疗效有限且伴随很多免疫抑制不良反应。随着大量关于IBD的研究以及循证医学的发展对治疗产生的积极的推进作用,IBD的治疗正进入免疫调节的生物学时代,主要包括促炎细胞因子抑制剂、抗炎细胞因子、细胞粘附分子抑制剂、T细胞抗体等,这些药物的迅速发展极大地丰富了IBD的治疗,开拓了IBD尤其是重症难治性IBD治疗的新思路。但至今仍有许多接受治疗的患者并没有得到缓解,高达80%的CD患者和30%的UC患者最终需要接受手术。该领域还有巨大的医疗需求未被满足。
发明内容
针对上述问题,本发明的目的在于提供新的环戊烷并吲哚类支链酸衍生物,及其用作S1P1受体激动剂在预防和/或治疗炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤,例如溃疡性结肠炎中的应用。
一方面,本发明提供一种通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,
其中:
X为N或者CRa,Ra选自氢原子、C1~3烷基、卤素、氰基和卤素取代的C1~3烷基;
R1为C1~3烷基或卤素取代的C1~3烷基,R2选自卤素、氰基和卤素取代的C1~3烷基;或者R1、R2与其所连的原子共同构成5-7元杂环基;
n选自0-3中的整数。
优选地,X为CH或者N;R1为异丙基;R2为Cl、F或者氰基;n为1或2。
优选地,所述化合物选自:
第二方面,本发明提供一种药物组合物,包括通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。
第三方面,本发明提供通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐或上述药物组合物在制备用于预防和/或治疗炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤的药物中的应用。优选地,所述炎症包括溃疡性结肠炎、风湿关节炎、特征性皮炎、嗜酸细胞性食管炎和直性脊柱炎。
附图说明
图1示出实施例7化合物对S1P1受体激动活性。
图2示出阳性对照化合物对S1P1受体激动活性。
具体实施方式
以下通过下述实施方式进一步说明本发明,应理解,下述实施方式仅用于说明本发明,而非限制本发明。
除非有相反陈述,下列用在说明书和权利要求中的术语具有下述含义。
术语“烷基”指饱和的脂族烃基团,C1~3烷基是指含有1至3个碳原子的烷基,例如甲基,乙基,正丙基,异丙基。
术语“卤素”指氟、氯、溴或碘。
术语“卤素取代的C1~3烷基”是指烷基的一个或多个H原子被卤素,特别是被F取代。
除非特别说明,本发明中,所有出现的化合物均意在包括所有可能的异构体,例如互变异构体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、及其混合物形式。
术语“本发明化合物”是指通式(I)所示的化合物。该术语还包括通式(I)化合物的各种晶型形式、药学上可接受的盐、水合物或溶剂合物。
术语“药学上可接受的盐”指本发明化合物与酸或碱所形成的适合用作药物的盐。药学上可接受的盐包括无机盐和有机盐。一类优选的盐是本发明化合物与酸形成的盐。适合形成盐的酸包括但不限于:盐酸、氢溴酸、氢氟酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等无机酸,甲酸、乙酸、丙酸、草酸、丙二酸、琥珀酸、富马酸、马来酸、乳酸、苹果酸、酒石酸、柠檬酸、苦味酸、甲磺酸、苯甲磺酸,苯磺酸等有机酸;以及天冬氨酸、谷氨酸等酸性氨基酸。
术语“药学上可接受的载体”表示能用于制备药物组合物的载体,它们一般是安全的、无毒性的,不是生物上或其他方面不期待的,且包括能被动物和人类药学上接受的载体。在说明书和权利要求书中使用的“药学上可接受的载体”包括一种或一种以上的这类载体。
术语“含有”、“包含”或“包括”表示各种成分可一起应用于本发明的混合物或组合物中。因此,术语“主要由...组成”和“由...组成”包含在术语“含有”中。
术语“预防”例如是指在可能暴露或预先处置于疾病但尚未经历或显示疾病症状的哺乳动物中使疾病临床症状不发展。
术语“治疗”可指抑制疾病,例如阻止或降低疾病或其临床症状的发展,或者缓解疾病,例如使疾病或其临床症状退化。
通式(I)化合物
其中:
X选自NRa、CRb和O,其中Ra、Rb分别独立地选自氢原子和C1~3烷基;X优选为O;
Y为N或者CRc,Rc选自氢原子、C1~3烷基、卤素、氰基和卤素取代的C1~3烷基;Y优选Y为CH或者N;
R1选自卤素、氰基和卤素取代的C1~3烷基,R2为C1~3烷基或卤素取代的C1~3烷基;或者R1、R2与其所连的原子共同构成5-7元杂环基;R1优选为Cl、F或者氰基;R2优选为异丙基;
n选自0-3中的整数,优选为1或2。
本发明一些实施方式中,通式(I)化合物选自表1中所示的化合物。
表1
通式(I)化合物的制备方法
本发明一些实施方式中,通式(I)化合物的制备可采用如下通用合成路线:
其中,n、X、R1、R2的定义如上所述。
首先,化合物a(盐酸肼)溶液可溶于乙醇中,加入环戊酮和乙酸,搅拌反应10~36小时得到化合物b,其中盐酸肼和环戊酮的摩尔比可为1:(0.5~3.0),优选1:(1.5~2)。反应温度可为80~120℃。
接着化合物b和化合物c在NaH的存在下反应得到化合物d,化合物b、化合物c和NaH的摩尔比可为1:(2~6):(1~4)。反应温度可为60~100℃,反应溶剂可为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、乙腈等。
化合物d、Zn(CN)2和Pd(PPh3)4反应得到化合物e。该反应在保护气氛下进行,例如在氩气保护下进行。化合物d、Zn(CN)2和Pd(PPh3)4的摩尔比可为1:(1.5~3):(0.05~0.15)。反应温度可为100~150℃,反应溶剂可为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、乙腈等。
化合物e在NaHCO3存在下与NH2OH·HCl反应得到化合物f。化合物e与NH2OH·HCl的摩尔比可为1:(3~7),反应温度可为70~100℃,反应溶剂可为乙醇等。
化合物f与化合物g在HOBT(1-羟基苯并三唑)、EDCI(1-(3-二甲氨基丙基)-3-乙基碳二亚胺盐酸盐)存在下反应得到化合物h。化合物f、化合物g、HOBT、EDCI的摩尔比可为1:(0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2):(0.8~1.2),反应温度可为100~150℃,反应溶剂可为N,N-二甲基乙酰胺、N,N-二甲基甲酰胺、甲苯、乙腈等。
化合物g在强碱作用下水解去除酯基得到目标化合物,即、通式(I)化合物。强碱可为LiOH等。反应温度可为室温~50℃,反应溶剂可为四氢呋喃等。
通式(I)化合物的应用
通式(I)化合物可作为S1P1受体激动剂。从而可用于制备用于预防和/或治疗炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤的药物。炎症例如包括溃疡性结肠炎、风湿关节炎、特征性皮炎、嗜酸细胞性食管炎和直性脊柱炎。
药物组合物
本发明的药物组合物包含有效量的通式(I)所示的化合物或其互变异构体、对映异构体、非对映异构体、及其混合物形式、及其可药用的盐、及其药学上可接受的载体或赋形剂或稀释剂。
“有效量”意指本发明化合物:(i)治疗特定疾病、病症或障碍,(ii)减弱、改善或消除特定疾病、病症或障碍的一或多种症状,或(iii)预防或延迟本文所述特定疾病、病症或障碍的一或多种症状发作的量。
药学上可以接受的载体部分例子有纤维素及其衍生物(如羧甲基纤维素钠、乙基纤维素钠、纤维素乙酸酯等)、明胶、滑石、固体润滑剂(如硬脂酸、硬脂酸镁)、硫酸钙、植物油(如豆油、芝麻油、花生油、橄榄油等)、多元醇(如丙二醇、甘油、甘露醇、山梨醇等)、乳化剂(如、润湿剂(如十二烷基硫酸钠)、着色剂、调味剂、稳定剂、抗氧化剂、防腐剂、无热原水等。
本发明化合物或药物组合物的施用方式没有特别限制,代表性的施用方式包括(但并不限于):口服、直肠、肠胃外(静脉内、肌肉内或皮下)、和局部给药。
本发明化合物可以单独给药,或者与其他药学上可接受的化合物联合给药。
下面结合具体实施例,进一步阐述本发明。应理解,这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。下列实施例中未注明具体条件的实验方法,通常按照常规条件,或按照制造厂商所建议的条件。除非另外说明,否则百分比和份数按重量计算。
化合物的结构是通过核磁共振(NMR)或质谱(MS)来确定的,化合物的纯度是通过液相高压色谱仪(HPLC)测定的。NMR的测定是用Bruker AVANCE-400核磁共振仪,溶剂为氘代二甲基亚砜(DMSO-d6)或氘代甲醇(MeOH-d4),内标为四甲基硅烷(TMS),化学位移以ppm为单位。MS的测定使用安捷伦6120质谱仪。HPLC使用安捷伦1200DAD高压液相色谱仪测定。
实施例1
4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸
合成路线:
步骤1:7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚化合物合成
将(4-溴苯基)盐酸肼溶液(3.0g,13.4mmol)溶于50mL无水乙醇溶液中,再加入环戊酮(2.25g,26.8mmol)和乙酸(1.61g),将混合溶液在100℃条件下搅拌12h,在真空条件下浓缩混合物,并通过硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯在石油醚中0%至10%)纯化,得到棕色固体的7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚(2.1g,产率67%)。MS:m/z=236(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤2:4-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚(2.8g,11.9mmol)加入30mL的二甲基甲酰胺溶液中,并加入60%NaH溶液(953mg,23.8mmol)。在20℃搅拌30分钟后,向溶液中缓慢加入4-溴丁酸乙酯(7g,35.7mmol)。将混合物在氩气中于80℃搅拌16小时。反应混合物用200mL乙酸乙酯稀释,并用水(50mL×2)、盐水(50mL×2)洗涤。采用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空干燥浓缩。残余物通过反向快速色谱法(MeCN水溶液(0.1%TFA)50%至100%)纯化,得到呈红色油状的4-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(1.3g,产率31%)。MS:m/z=350(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤3:4-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将4-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(1.4g,4mmol)、Zn(CN)2(942mg,8mmol)和Pd(PPh3)4(463mg,0.4mmol)加入20mL二甲基甲酰胺溶液中。将混合物在氩气环境下于120℃搅拌24小时。反应混合物用乙酸乙酯(100mL)稀释并用水(20mL*3)、盐水(20mL*3)洗涤。采用无水硫酸钠干燥,真空干燥浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯在石油醚中0%至20%)纯化以得到黄色油状的4-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(960mg,产率81%)。MS:m/z=297(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤4:4-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成向无水乙醇溶液(15mL)中加入将4-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸酯(0.9g,3.1mmol)、NH2OH·HCl(1.1g,15.2mmol)和NaHCO3(1.9g,22.8mmol)加入15mL无水乙醇溶液中。混合物在85℃搅拌过夜。通过过滤分离固体,用MeOH(10mL)洗涤。在真空下浓缩合并的有机相并通过硅胶柱色谱法(MeOH/DCM 0%至10%)纯化后得到黄色固体状的乙基-4-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰)-2,3-二氢环戊并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸酯(370mg,产率37%)。MS:m/z=330(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤5:4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成
将3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯甲酸(225mg,1.1mmol)、HOBT(160mg,1.2mmol)、EDCI(227mg,1.2mmol)加入二甲基甲酰胺(5mL)溶液中。将混合物在15℃搅拌0.5小时。加入4-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲亚氨基酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(300mg,0.9mmol)。所得溶液在15℃下搅拌1小时,然后在85℃下搅拌过夜。反应混合物用NaHCO3(20mL)稀释,并用乙酸乙酯(30mL×3)萃取。有机相用盐水(20mL×2)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(乙酸乙酯在石油醚中0%至25%)纯化后得到黄色固体状的4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(50mg,产率11%)。MS:m/z=499(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤6:4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸化合物合成将4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊烷[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸酯(80mg,0.16mmol)和LiOH(12mg,0.5mmol)在H2O(2mL)加入3mL四氢呋喃。在40℃搅拌2小时。将反应混合物浓缩并通过制备型HPLC纯化后得到淡粉色固体状的4-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊烷[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸(40.25mg,产率57%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.50(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.41(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),8.11(d,J=1.4Hz,1H),7.77(dd,J=8.6,1.6Hz,1H),7.56(dd,J=12.3,8.9Hz,2H),4.98(dt,J=12.1,6.0Hz,1H),4.15(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.89(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.84(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.54(m,2H),2.24(m,2H),1.96(m,2H),1.39(d,J=6.0Hz,6H).MS:m/z=471(M+1,ESI+)。
实施例2:
合成路线:
步骤1:8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊烷[b]吲哚化合物合成
将(3-溴苯基)肼盐酸盐(5.0g,22.4mmol)、环戊酮(3.76g,44.7mmol)和H2SO4(2.2g,33.6mmol)加入50mL乙醇溶液中。将混合物在100℃搅拌16小时。在真空下浓缩混合物并通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至10%)纯化得到棕色固体状的8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚(1.42g,27%产率))。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ11.12(s,1H),7.25(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.07(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),6.85(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),2.91(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.78(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.42(dt,J=14.1,7.2Hz,2H)。MS:m/z=236(M+H,ESI+)。
步骤2:4-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚(1.4g,6.0mmol)加入15mL二甲基甲酰胺溶液后,将混合物加入60%NaH(476mg,12mmol)。在15℃下搅拌30分钟后,向溶液中缓慢加入4-溴丁酸乙酯(3.48克,17.9mmol))。将混合物在氩气环境中于80℃搅拌16小时。反应混合物用100mL乙酸乙酯稀释,并用水(30mL×2)、盐水(30mL×2)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。残余物用C18柱(MeCN在0.1%TFA/水50%至70%中)纯化,得到棕色油状的4-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环五[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(830mg,产率40%)。MS:m/z=350(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤3:4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将4-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(830mg,2.4mmol)、Zn(CN)2(558mg,4.8mmol)和Pd(PPh3)4(275mg,0.2mmol)加入10mL二甲基甲酰胺溶液中。将混合物在氩气环境中120℃搅拌24小时。反应混合物用100mL乙酸乙酯稀释并用水(20mL×3)、盐水(20mL×3)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化,得到黄色固体状4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(450mg,产率64%)。MS:m/z=297(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤4:4-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸酯(450mg,1.5mmol)、NH2OH HCl(490mg,7.6mmol)和NaHCO3(960毫克,11.4mmol)加入10mL无水乙醇溶液中。混合物在85℃搅拌过夜。通过过滤分离固体,用MeOH(10mL)洗涤。在真空下浓缩合并的有机相并通过硅胶柱色谱法(在DCM中的MeOH 0%至10%)纯化得到黄色固体状的4-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(300mg,60%产率)。MS:m/z=330(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤5:4-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯在5mL二甲基甲酰胺溶液中加入3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯甲酸(224mg,1.1mmol),再加入HOBT(162mg,1.2mmol)、EDCI(230mg,1.2mmol)。将混合物在15℃搅拌0.5小时。向其中加入-4-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(300mg,0.9mmol)。所得溶液在15℃下搅拌1小时,然后在85℃下搅拌过夜。反应混合物用NaHCO3(20mL)稀释,并用EA(30mL×3)萃取。有机相用盐水(20mL×2)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至25%)纯化得到黄色固体状的4-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(100mg,22%产率)。MS:m/z=499(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤6:4-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸化合物合成在4-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(100mg,0.2mmol)和LiOH(15mg,0.6mmol)水溶液中加入3mL四氢呋喃。将混合物在40℃搅拌2小时。将反应混合物浓缩,并通过HPLC(0.1%HCOOH/水/ACN)纯化得到白色固体状的4-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸(44.63mg,产率47%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.20(s,1H),8.49(s,1H),8.42(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=7.4Hz,1H),7.65(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.56(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.98(dt,J=12.0,6.0Hz,1H),4.17(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.11(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.91(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.44(m,2H),2.24(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.03-1.88(m,2H),1.39(d,J=6.0Hz,6H)。MS:m/z=471(M+1,ESI+)。
实施例3:
合成路线:
步骤1:7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊烷[b]吲哚化合物合成向(4-溴苯基)肼盐酸盐(2.0g,8.9mmol)的乙醇溶液中加入环戊酮(1.5g,17.9mmol)和H2SO4(1.32g,13.4mmol)。混合物在100℃搅拌过夜。在真空下浓缩反应混合物并且将残余物用30mLNaHCO3饱和水溶液稀释,用EA(50mL×3)萃取。有机层用盐水(30mL x2)洗涤,浓缩并通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化,得到棕色固体状的7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚(2.0g,产率95%)。MS:m/z=236(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤2:3-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯化合物合成向7-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚(1.0g,4.3mmol)的二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)溶液中加入NaH(60%)(0.26g,6.5mmol)。在15℃搅拌30分钟后,向溶液中缓慢加入3-溴丙酸甲酯(1.8g,10.6mmol)。将混合物在氩气环境中采用80℃加热并不断搅拌16小时。反应混合物用100mL乙酸乙酯稀释并用水(20mLx2)、盐水(20mLx2)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并减压浓缩。残余物通过反向快速色谱法(MeCN在0.1%TFA/水中40%至80%)纯化,得到红色油状的3-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(200mg,产率14%)。MS:m/z=322(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤3:3-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯化合物合成将3-(7-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(440mg,1.4mmol)、Zn(CN)2(322mg,2.7mmol)和Pd(PPh3)4(158mg,0.1mmol)加入含有20mL的二甲基甲酰胺溶液中。将混合物在氩气环境中加热120℃搅拌16小时。反应混合物用50mL乙酸乙酯稀释并用水(10mLx3)、盐水(10mLx3)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化得到无色油状的3-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(270mg,产率73%)。MS:m/z=269(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤4:3-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰亚胺酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯化合物合成向5mL无水乙醇溶液中加入3-(7-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(270mg,1.0mmol)、NH2OH盐酸盐(350mg,5.0mmol))和NaHCO3(635mg,7.5mmol)。混合物在85℃搅拌过夜。通过过滤分离固体,用MeOH(10mL)洗涤。在真空下浓缩,通过硅胶柱色谱法(在DCM中的MeOH 0%至20%)纯化得到棕色固体状的3-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(30mg,产率9%),为棕色固体。MS:m/z=316(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤5:3-(7-(5-(3-氰基丙酸乙酯-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯化合物合成
将3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯甲酸(24mg,0.12mmol)的二甲基甲酰胺溶液中加入HOBT(17mg,0.13mmol)、EDCI(24mg,0.13mmol)。将混合物在15℃搅拌0.5小时。向其中加入3-(7-(N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(30mg,0.1mmol)。所得溶液在15℃下搅拌1小时,然后在85℃下搅拌过夜。反应混合物用饱和NaHCO3(10mL)溶液稀释,并用乙酸乙酯(10mLx2)萃取。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化,得到黄色固体状的3-(7-(5-(3-氰基丙酸乙酯-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(9mg,产率20%)。MS:m/z=485(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤6:3-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸化合物合成
将3-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(9mg,0.02mmol)和LiOH(1.4mg,0.06mmol)在H2O(0.5mL)中。将混合物在40℃搅拌2小时。将混合物浓缩并通过HPLC纯化的白色固体状的3-(7-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊烷[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸(4.43mg,52%产率)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.50(s,1H),8.40(d,J=8.9Hz,1H),8.09(s,1H),7.76(d,J=8.5Hz,1H),7.59(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.54(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),4.98(m,1H),4.35(t,J=6.6Hz,2H),2.92(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.82(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.72(t,J=6.7Hz,2H),2.47(m,2H),1.39(d,J=6.0Hz,6H)。MS:m/z=457(M+1,ESI+)。
实施例4:
合成路线:
步骤1:8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊烷[b]吲哚化合物合成
向(3-溴苯基)盐酸肼盐(5.0g,22.4mmol)中加入50mL的无水乙醇溶液,并向混合溶液中加入环戊酮(3.76g,44.7mmol)和H2SO4(2.2g,33.6mmol)。将混合物在100℃搅拌16h。在真空下浓缩混合物,并通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至10%)纯化得到棕色固体状的8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚(2.0g,8.5mmol,产率38%)。MS:m/z=236(M+H,ESI+)。
步骤2:3-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯化合物合成向8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚(2.0g,8.5mmol)的二甲基甲酰胺(20mL)溶液中加入NaH(510mg,12.7mmol,矿物油中的60%)。在15℃搅拌30分钟后,向溶液中缓慢加入3-溴丙酸甲酯(3.55g,21.3mmol)。将混合物在氩气环境中于80℃搅拌16小时。反应混合物用100mL乙酸乙酯溶液稀释并用水(30mL×2)、盐水(30mL×2)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。残余物通过柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化得到棕色油状的3-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(1.34g,4.2mmol,50%产率)。MS:m/z=322(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤3:3-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯化合物合成将3-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(1.34g,4.2mmol)、Zn(CN)2(0.98g,8.3mmol)和Pd(PPh3)4(0.48g,0.4mmol)中加入10mL二甲基甲酰胺。将混合物在氩气120℃搅拌16小时。反应混合物用100mL乙酸乙酯稀释并用水(20mL×3)、盐水(20mL×3)洗涤。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化得到棕色油状物3-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(450mg,1.7mmol,40%产率)。MS:m/z=269(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤4:3-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰亚胺酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯化合物合成向10mL无水乙醇中加入3-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊基[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸甲酯(450mg,1.7mmol)、NH2OH HCl(583mg,8.4mmol)和NaHCO3(1.06g,12.6mmol)。将混合物在85℃下搅拌16小时。通过过滤分离固体,用MeOH(10mL)洗涤。真空浓缩合并的有机相,得到黄色坚硬的3-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲酰氨基甲酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(500mg,粗品)。MS:m/z=316(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤5:3-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯化合物合成向10mL二甲基甲酰胺中加入3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯甲酸(391mg,1.9mmol),再加入HOBT(279mg,2.1mmol)、EDCI(396mg,2.1mmol)。将混合物在15℃搅拌0.5小时。向其中加入3-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(500mg,1.6mmol)。所得溶液在15℃下搅拌1小时,然后在85℃下搅拌过夜。反应混合物用20mLNaHCO3稀释,并用EA(30mL×3)萃取。合并的有机相用盐水(20mL×2)洗涤,经Na2SO4干燥并真空浓缩。粗残余物通过硅胶柱色谱法(EA在PE中0%至20%)纯化,得到棕色固体状的3-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(40mg,5%产率)。MS:m/z=485(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤6:3-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸化合物合成向2mL四氢呋喃溶液中加入3-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸乙酯(40mg,0.08mmol)和LiOH(6mg,0.25mmol)在H2O(0.5mL)中。将混合物在40℃搅拌2小时。将反应混合物浓缩并通过HPLC(0.1%HCOOH/水/ACN)纯化得到黄色固体状3-(8-(5-(3-氰基-4-异丙氧基苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丙酸(20.57mg,0.05mmol,产率54.7%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ8.49(d,J=2.2Hz,1H),8.42(dd,J=9.0,2.2Hz,1H),7.75(dd,J=7.4,0.6Hz,1H),7.67(d,J=8.2Hz,1H),7.57(d,J=9.2Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.04–4.91(m,1H),4.38(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.10(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.95(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.73(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.43(dt,J=14.5,7.5Hz,2H),1.39(d,J=6.0Hz,6H)。MS:m/z=457(M+1,ESI+)。
实施例5:
合成路线:
步骤1:4-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯化合物合成向含有5mL的二甲基甲酰胺中加入3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯甲酸(234.59mg,1.09mmol),搅拌后加入HOBT(159.98mg,1.18mmol)、EDCI(226.97mg,1.18mmol)。在25℃下搅拌0.5小时后,向其中加入4-[8-[(Z)-N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯(300mg,910.77umol)。将混合物在25℃下搅拌1小时并在85℃下搅拌16小时。反应混合物用EA(100mL)稀释,用NaHCO3(aq.)(20mL×2)、盐水(20mL×2)洗涤。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,浓缩并通过快速色谱法纯化(EA在PE中0%至20%)得到黄色油状的4-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯(100mg,196.85umol,产率21.61%)。MS:m/z=508(M+H,ESI+)。
步骤2:4-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸化合物合成
在4mL四氢呋喃中加入4-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯(260mg,511.80umol),混合后添加到LiOH(36.77mg,1.54mmol)水溶液中。将混合物在25℃搅拌16小时。向反应混合物中加入HCl(5mL)并用EA(60mL)稀释,用水(10mL)、盐水(10mL)洗涤。在真空下浓缩有机层并通过HPLC(ACN在0.1%HCOOH/H2O中)纯化,得到白色固体状的4-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊基[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸(105.83mg,220.50umol,产率43.08%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO)δ12.20(s,1H),8.19(s,1H),8.13(d,J=8.7Hz,1H),7.74(d,J=7.3Hz,1H),7.64(d,J=8.1Hz,1H),7.46(d,J=8.4Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.88(dt,J=11.9,6.0Hz,1H),4.17(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),3.11(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.91(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.44(m,2H),2.24(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.99–1.88(m,2H),1.37(d,J=6.0Hz,6H)。MS:m/z=480(M+H,ESI+)。
实施例6:
合成路线:
步骤1:8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊烷[b]吲哚化合物合成向(3-溴苯基)肼溶液(10g,53.47mmol)和环戊酮(8.99g,106.93mmol)的乙醇溶液中加入硫酸(7.87g,80.20mmol,4.27mL)。然后将混合物在100℃搅拌24小时。混合物用NaHCO3(饱和水溶液)中和。将混合物过滤并减压浓缩。残余物用水(100mL)稀释并用EA(200mLx3)萃取。有机层在减压下浓缩并通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,用EA:PE(0%~5%)洗脱,得到深棕色油状8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚(1.87g,7.92mmol,产率14.81%)。MS:m/z=236(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤2:4-(8-溴-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成向8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢环戊二烯并[b]吲哚(1.87克,7.92毫摩尔)的DMF(20毫升)溶液中加入氢化钠(950.32mg,23.76mmol,60%的矿物油溶液)),将混合物在20℃搅拌20分钟,加入4-溴丁酸乙酯(7.72g,39.60mmol),并将混合物在100℃搅拌16小时。混合物用水(50mL)稀释并用EA(100mL×3)萃取。有机层减压浓缩,硅胶柱色谱纯化,用PE:EA=0%~20%洗脱,得到淡黄色固体状4-(8-溴-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊烷[b]吲哚乙酯-4-基)丁酸酯(1.93g,5.51mmol,69.57%产率)。MS:m/z=350(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤3:4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成将氰化锌(1.31g,11.13mmol)和四(三苯基膦)钯(643.35mg,556.75umol)。然后将混合物在100℃搅拌16小时。混合物用水(40mL)稀释并用EA(80mL×3)萃取。在减压下浓缩有机层并通过硅胶柱色谱纯化,用EA:PE=0%~20%洗脱得到淡黄色油状的4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊并[b]吲哚-4-基)丁酸酯(1.27g,4.29mmol,产率76.97%)。MS:m/z=297(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤4:(E)-4-(8-(N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成向4-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基)丁酸乙酯(1.27g,4.29mmol)的乙醇溶液中加入羟胺盐酸盐(1.49g,21.43mmol)和碳酸氢钠(1.80g,21.43mmol)。然后将混合物在氩气环境下在90℃搅拌16小时。在减压下浓缩混合物并用水(10mL)稀释,用EA(20mLx3)萃取。有机层在减压下浓缩,得到浅黄色固体状4-[8-[N'-羟基氨基甲酰亚胺酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯(1.2g,3.64mmol,产率85.01%)。MS:m/z=330(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤5:4-(8-(5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯化合物合成
向5-氯-6-异丙氧基-吡啶-3-羧酸(628.45mg,2.91mmol)中加入二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)中,后再混合溶液中加入1-羟基苯并三唑(426.62mg,3.16mmol)、3-(乙基亚氨基亚甲基氨基)-N,N-二甲基-丙-1-胺盐酸盐(605.26mg,3.16mmol)。在25℃搅拌0.5小时后,添加4-[8-[N'-羟基氨基甲酰]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基]丁酸乙酯(800mg,2.43mmol)。将混合物在25℃下搅拌1小时,然后在90℃下搅拌16小时。反应混合物用水(10mL)稀释并用EA(20mLx3)萃取,有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥,浓缩并通过硅胶柱层析纯化,用EA洗脱:PE=0%~20%,得到浅黄色油状4-(8-(5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(300mg,589.40umol,24.27%产率)。MS:m/z=509(M+1,ESI+)。
步骤6:4-(8-(5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸化合物合成将4-(8-(5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸乙酯(330mg,648.34umol)加入四氢呋喃(3mL)溶液中,混合后加入氢氧化锂一水合物(136.03mg,3.24mmol)和水(0.5mL)。然后将混合物在20℃搅拌16小时。减压浓缩混合物并用水(10mL)稀释。混合物用水溶液酸化。HCl(1M)至pH=6。混合物用EA(20mL x3)萃取。有机层用无水Na2SO4干燥。混合物用HPLC 0.1%HCOOH/CH3CN/H2O纯化,得到白色固体状4-(8-(5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基吡啶-3-基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基)-2,3-二氢环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4(1H)-基)丁酸(147.62mg,306.94umol,产率47.34%)。MS:m/z=481(M+1,ESI+)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.19(s,1H),8.90(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.50(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.81-7.69(m,1H),7.68-7.57(m,1H),7.19(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),5.45(dt,J=12.4,6.2Hz,1H),4.16(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),3.10(t,J=6.9Hz,2H),2.90(t,J=7.1Hz,2H),2.48-2.37(m,2H),2.24(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),1.94(p,J=7.1Hz,2H),1.39(d,J=6.2Hz,6H)。
实施例7:
合成路线
步骤1:3-[8-[(Z)-N'-羟基氨基甲酰亚胺酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸化合物合成向3-(8-氰基-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊[b]吲哚-4-基)丙酸乙酯(1.2g,4.25mmol)在EtOH(20mL)中的溶液中加入NH2OH HCl(1.48g,21.25mmol),碳酸氢钠(1.79g,21.25mmol)。将混合物在85℃搅拌16小时。通过过滤分离固体并用乙醇(10mL)洗涤。得到黄色固体,无需进一步纯化即可直接使用。MS:m/z=288(M+H,ESI+)。
步骤2:3-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸化合物合成向3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯甲酸(562.10mg,2.62mmol)中加入二甲基甲酰胺(30mL)溶液,混合后加入EDCI(543.85mg,2.84mmol)、HOBT(383.33mg,2.84mmol)。将所得溶液在15℃搅拌30分钟,向其中加入3-[8-[(Z)-N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸(1.9g,2.18mmol,33%产率)。将混合物在15℃下搅拌1小时并在85℃下搅拌16小时。加入EA(100mL)洗涤的水溶液。NaHCO3(30mL*3)。有机相用Na2SO4干燥并浓缩。残余物通过HPLC(0.1%TFA/H2O中的ACN)纯化,得到黄色固体3-[8-[5-(3-氯-4-异丙氧基-苯基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊基[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸(152.27mg,326.81umol,产率14.98%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.38(s,1H),8.18(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.12(dd,J=8.7,2.2Hz,1H),7.76–7.71(m,1H)1H),7.66(d,J=7.6Hz,1H),7.45(d,J=9.0Hz,1H),7.20(t,J=7.8Hz,1H),4.94–4.82(m,1H),4.38(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.09(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.94(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.73(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.47–2.37(m,2H),1.37(d,J=6.0Hz,6H)。质谱:m/z=466(M+H,ESI+)。
实施例8:
合成路线:
步骤1:3-[8-[5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸乙酯化合物合成向5-氯-6-异丙氧基-吡啶-3-羧酸(738.46mg,3.42mmol)中加入二甲基甲酰胺(10mL)中,混合后加入HOBT(501.29mg,3.71mmol)、EDCI(711.20mg,3.71mmol).在25℃下搅拌0.5小时后,向其中加入3-[8-[(Z)-N'-羟基氨基甲脒酰基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊基[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸乙酯(900mg,2.85mmol),将混合物在25℃下搅拌1小时并在85℃下搅拌16小时。反应混合物用EA(100mL)稀释,用NaHCO3(aq.)(20mL×2)、盐水(20mL×2)洗涤。有机层用Na2SO4干燥,浓缩并通过快速色谱法纯化(EA在PE中0%至20%)得到黄色油状3-[8-[5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸乙酯(500mg,1.01mmol,35.40%产率)。MS:m/z=495(M+H,ESI+)。
步骤2:3-[8-[5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸化合物合成向乙基3-[8-[5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊二烯[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸乙酯(500mg,1.01mmol)中加入四氢呋喃(8mL)溶液,混合后加入氢氧化锂水合物(72.58mg,3.03mmol)。将混合物在30℃搅拌16小时。向反应混合物中加入1M HCl(10mL)并用EA(60mL)稀释,用水(10mL)、盐水(10mL)洗涤。在真空下浓缩有机层并通过HPLC(0.1%HCl/H2O中的ACN)纯化,得到黄色固体状3-[8-[5-(5-氯-6-异丙氧基-3-吡啶基)-1,2,4-噁二唑-3-基]-2,3-二氢-1H-环戊基[b]吲哚-4-基]丙酸(151.33mg,324.11umol,产率32.08%)。表征数据:1H NMR(400MHz,DMSO-d6)δ12.38(s,1H),8.92(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),8.53(d,J=2.1Hz,1H),7.75(dd,J=7.5,0.8Hz,1H),7.66(dd,J=8.2,0.8Hz,1H),7.23–7.16(m,1H),5.51–5.40(m,1H),4.37(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),3.09(t,J=7.0Hz,2H),2.94(t,J=7.2Hz,2H),2.73(t,J=6.8Hz,2H),2.47–2.38(m,2H),1.40(d,J=6.2赫兹,6小时)。MS:m/z=467(M+H,ESI+)。
S1P1高表达细胞活性的测定以下实验通过β-arrestin assay检测化合物对S1P1高表达细胞的活性。
1、实验材料
2、实验仪器
3、实验步骤
第一天:细胞种板及化合物处理
(1)首先,使用Echo纳升级移液工作站在培养板中将化合物以10μM浓度起始、进行4倍梯度稀释成10个浓度点,每个浓度点2复孔;
(2)用FreeStyleTM表达培养基重悬细胞,调整细胞密度以使每40μL悬液含细胞7500个;在细胞培养板的板孔中加入测试浓度的样品,并于相应孔中加入40μL细胞悬液;
(3)将上述细胞板置于37℃、5%CO2的培养箱中孵育过夜;
第二天:检测及数据分析
(1)缓冲液参照LiveBLAzerTM-荧光共振能量转移B/G上样试剂盒说明书中的制备方法来制备;
(2)向各孔中加入8uL检测试剂,摇动混匀1分钟,再以1000转/分钟离心10秒,23℃避光孵育2小时;
(3)用Envision多功能酶标仪进行检测;
(4)利用PrismDemo软件分析数据并拟合曲线。
4、实验结果:各化合物的EC50值如下表所示。此外,实施例7化合物及阳性对照化合物的测试结果如图1、图2所示。
化合物编号 | EC50(nM) |
奥扎莫德 | B |
1 | D |
2 | A |
3 | D |
4 | A |
5 | — |
6 | — |
7 | A |
8 | — |
化合物对TNBS诱导大鼠溃疡性结肠炎的药效研究实验方法:SD大鼠异氟烷麻醉后,每只大鼠经直肠灌入18mg TNBS乙醇溶液。造模后的大鼠随机分成4组:正常对照组、模型组、阳性对照药柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)组、实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)组。造模后第二天各组动物按应给予药液经口灌胃开始给药,5mL/kg体重(柳氮磺吡啶组为10mL/kg),1次/天,连续7天,并观察动物的粪便。末次给药后次日CO2过量吸入麻醉处死动物,随后解剖,摘取整个结肠组织,剖开后清洗结肠内容物,称重并测量结肠长度,观察大体情况并拍照,使用Image-J计算溃疡面积。
实验结果:
体重情况
模型组及各给药组大鼠经TNBS造模后,前3天体重增长缓慢,给药后第4天体重增长加快,模型组体重明显小于正常对照组(p<0.001vs.正常对照组)。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)组大鼠在D2、D3时体重明显重于模型对照组(p<0.05vs.正常对照组);实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)组大鼠在D4、D5时体重明显重于模型对照组(p<0.05vs.正常对照组)。
表5.连续7天经口灌胃给予受试物对TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠体重的影响(n=10)
受试物对TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠重量、结肠长度及溃疡大小的影响由于病变结肠组织肿胀、坏死、增厚明显,因此造模后大鼠结肠整体重量较正常组织重。柳氮磺吡啶组、实施例7化合物组大鼠的结肠重量明显轻于模型组(p<0.01或p<0.001vs.模型组)。
大鼠造模后结肠发生病变,导致结肠长度缩短,模型组大鼠结肠长度明显短于正常对照组(p<0.001vs.正常对照组)。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例化合物均具有明显抑制TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠长度缩短的作用,大鼠结肠长度明显长于模型组(p<0.01或p<0.001vs.模型组),且基本与正常对照组结肠长度相当。
结肠重量/结肠长度(CW/CL)能一定程度反应结肠病变的严重程度。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物组大鼠结肠重量/结肠长度比值均明显小于模型组(p<0.001vs.模型组),说明其具有一定的抑制TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠病变的作用。
Image-J计算溃疡面积。结果显示,柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物组大鼠结肠溃疡面积均明显小于模型组(p<0.001vs.模型组),具有明显改善大鼠结肠溃疡的作用,其缩小溃疡面积程度从强到弱依次为:柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)>实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)。
表6.连续7天经口灌胃给予受试物对TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠重量、结肠长度及溃疡面积的影响(n=10)
结果显示:
(a)一般状况:柳氮磺吡啶组及实施例7组大鼠体重重于模型组。各给药组在造模后出现稀便的症状与同一时间点模型组大鼠比较未出现明显改善的趋势。(b)结肠大体观:各组别大鼠的大体解剖观从优到差显示:柳氮磺吡啶组≥实施例7(3mg/kg)组>模型组。且柳氮磺吡啶、及实施例7(3mg/kg)组的大体解剖观明显优于模型组。(c)结肠重量、结肠长度、溃疡面积:柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)均明显减轻了大鼠结肠重量(p<0.01或p<0.001vs.模型组)。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)、实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)均具有明显抑制TNBS诱导的溃疡性结肠炎大鼠结肠长度缩短的作用(p<0.001vs.模型组)。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)组大鼠结肠重量/结肠长度比值明显小于模型组(p<0.001vs.模型组)。柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)明显减轻了大鼠结肠的溃疡面积(p<0.001vs.模型组)。
结论
连续7天经口灌胃给于柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物,根据各组动物临床观察情况、大鼠结肠大体观并结合结肠重量/结肠长度比值,以及结肠溃疡面积的统计结果,柳氮磺吡啶(360mg/kg)及实施例7化合物(3mg/kg)均具有良好的改善由TNBS诱导的大鼠溃疡性结肠炎病变的作用。
Claims (5)
1.一种通式(I)所示的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐:
;
其中,
X为CH;
R1为异丙基;
R2为Cl或者氰基;
n为1或2。
2.根据权利要求1所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,其特征在于,所述化合物选自:
,
,
。
3.一种药物组合物,包括权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐,以及药学上可接受的载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。
4.一种权利要求1或2所述的化合物或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于预防和/或治疗炎症、免疫性疾病或肿瘤的与S1P1受体激动剂相关药物中的应用。
5.根据权利要求4所述的应用,其特征在于,所述炎症包括溃疡性结肠炎、风湿关节炎、特征性皮炎、嗜酸细胞性食管炎和直性脊柱炎。
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