CN115259715B

CN115259715B - Anti-caking agent and preparation and application thereof

Info

Publication number: CN115259715B
Application number: CN202211028830.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周鹣鸣; 李欢欢; 庞敏; 李阳; 李臻; 韩云婷; 陈刚; 顾晓锋; 虞芪敏; 杨利香; 王琼; 倪雪峰; 吴小琴; 王堃
Original assignee: Shanghai Urban Construction Materials Co ltd; Shanghai Building Science Research Institute Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Urban Construction Materials Co ltd; Shanghai Building Science Research Institute Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-08-25
Filing date: 2022-08-25
Publication date: 2024-04-02
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-25
Also published as: CN115259715A

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-caking agents for soil solidifying agents, in particular to a novel anti-caking agent for a soil solidifying agent, a related soil solidifying agent, and preparation and application thereof. The anti-caking agent comprises only a dispersing component and no functional component, wherein the dispersing component is an inert component and does not react with water. The anti-caking agent prepared by reasonably selecting raw materials well solves the caking and caking problems of the raw materials, and has wide application in the aspects of premix, soil body curing agent, stirring piles and the like.

Description

Anti-caking agent and preparation and application thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of anti-caking agents, in particular to a novel anti-caking agent for a soil body curing agent, a related soil body curing agent, and preparation and application thereof.

Background

At present, soil body curing agents are used in various aspects, such as construction of various roads, railway construction, mud flat construction, land arrangement, river and lake management, airport construction and the like; the method is suitable for pit base layer, curtain grouting, pit filling, rock slope consolidation, beach planting, rock slope greening, vegetation recovery, soil layer spraying, sha Po consolidation and the like; the method is used for landfill construction, lake and river treatment, farmland water conservancy, harbor construction and the like; the method is used for beach planting, rock slope greening, vegetation recovery, sha Po consolidation and the like; the method is used for sludge consolidation, soft foundation treatment, beach construction and the like.

The inorganic compound soil body curing agent takes cement and lime as main raw materials, but the cement production process has high energy consumption and high cost, and discharges a large amount of carbon dioxide gas to pollute the environment (about 100-DEG electricity is needed for each ton of cement production, and about 500 kg of CO is released) ₂ ). Lime as curing agent is strictly neededThe grid controls the mixing amount, and the too high mixing amount often causes the problems of soil body cracking and the like. Along with the development of industrialization, various industrial wastes bring serious harm to the environment where human beings depend on and live, and industrial slag and other wastes are developed and utilized to form a soil body curing agent which becomes an important way for recycling the solid wastes.

Bulk solid wastes such as fly ash, carbide slag, gypsum, steel slag, aluminum slag, red mud, sludge incineration slag, household garbage incineration ash and various building solid wastes are used as waste residues with more and more discharge, the storage quantity is huge, a large amount of land is occupied, and serious environmental pollution is caused. The curing agent is prepared from the industrial wastes, so that the recycling of the industrial wastes can be realized, the adverse effect of the industrial wastes on the environment is eliminated, the problems of high energy consumption and high emission caused by using the traditional inorganic compound curing agent are solved, the engineering cost is saved, the curing effect is improved, and the cost is lower.

However, in the preparation process of the soil body curing agent, the curing agent has unstable performance due to various industrial solid waste sources, complex components and different water contents. The invention mainly focuses on the agglomeration problem in performance indexes. Agglomerating and caking of the curing agent materials during mixing, transporting and storing can greatly influence the use of the curing agent.

In order to avoid agglomeration and caking of solid waste, one solution thought mentioned in the prior art is to dry the solid waste such as steel slag, carbide slag, gypsum and the like, and although the problem of agglomeration of the water-containing raw materials can be solved by using a drying mode, the energy consumption is high and the production efficiency is low. Another way is to screen directly, but this would result in a loss of significant amounts of material. In yet another way, which focuses on consuming moisture from the sludge, rather than from the raw materials in the composition of the curing agent, CN111439987a, for example, discloses a beach sludge curing agent in which an enhanced activator (components of 16-23% calcium oxide, 46-66% sodium silicate, 16-27% calcium chloride and 1-7% polyacrylamide) is used, which rapidly consumes moisture from the sludge and gives off heat to increase the temperature of the sludge, thereby increasing the hydration rate of the potentially active material. As another example, KR102117552B1 discloses a curing composition for reinforcing a low cement soft soil foundation and a soft soil foundation treatment method using the same, which disclose that a circulating resource (industrial by-product) containing a large amount of calcium oxide is effective in securing early strength, thereby reducing moisture in the soft soil foundation to be reinforced. In addition, the water in the soft soil foundation can be evaporated by the heat generated by the reaction, so that the effect can be further improved. It follows that the use of cyclic resources (industrial by-products) containing a large amount of calcium oxide is mainly based on the consideration of ensuring early strength and evaporating water in soft soil foundations.

In the previous research, the problems of agglomeration and caking of the raw materials can be well solved by reasonably selecting the raw materials and combining the functional components with the dispersing components. The water-reactive raw materials such as calcium oxide are not good in effect, the problems of serious heat release, overlarge expansion rate and the like can occur, and the performance is better when the functional components are matched with inert dispersed components.

For the anti-caking agent, it is used in other fields such as foods, fertilizers, cosmetics, synthetic detergents, etc. Currently, commonly used anticaking agents in China include potassium ferrocyanide, sodium aluminosilicate, tricalcium phosphate, silicon dioxide and microcrystalline cellulose. Worldwide, there are also anti-agglomerating agents such as aluminum silicate, calcium alumino silicate, calcium stearate, magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide, magnesium stearate, magnesium phosphate, magnesium silicate, kaolin, talc and sodium ferrocyanide.

US9873637B2 relates to a process for preparing an anhydrite mortar composition, wherein an anti-caking agent is used, which is calcium carbonate, kaolin, alumina or silica, mineral or organic colorant (average particle size advantageously being of the order of 0.1 to 100 μm, preferably 0.5 to 5 μm, more preferably 1 μm). The anti-caking agent of the system is mixed with fatty alcohol, defoamer and the like to prepare an additive, the addition amount is small, and the problem to be solved is to reduce the film formation on the horizontal surface of the hydraulic composition, but not the caking and caking problems of raw materials.

US20180297897A1 discloses a solid particulate calcium nitrate composition comprising a solid particulate silicate in which an anti-caking agent is added in order to prevent caking caused by hygroscopicity of the calcium nitrate powder, the anti-caking agent consisting of a solid particulate silicate having an average particle size of between 0.05 μm and 750 μm, wherein the solid particulate silicate is present in an amount of from 0.01 to 2% by weight.

US20090320645A1 discloses a granulated blast furnace slag anticaking agent comprising component a: gluconic acid and/or salts thereof; component B: copolymers of C5-6 alkenes and one or more monomers selected from maleic anhydride, maleic acid or esterification products thereof, (meth) acrylic acid or esterification products thereof and/or salts thereof. US20090212261A1 discloses a steel slag anti-caking agent comprising (a) at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphonic acid derivatives and salts thereof and (B) at least one selected from the group consisting of aliphatic hydroxycarboxylic acids and at least one selected from the group consisting of phosphonate derivatives and salts thereof.

JPH0824819a discloses waste treatment materials and waste treatment methods, mentioning that anti-caking agents include silica gel, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, activated clay, stearate, alkyl amine acetate, palm oil, acid clay, activated bauxite, activated alumina, etc., but the application area is far from soil curing agents.

JP6183020B2 discloses an anti-caking method and an anti-caking agent which is composed of ash and fly ash and is selected from one or two or more of a higher fatty acid metal salt having 10 or more carbon atoms and hydrophobic fumed silica. The average particle diameter of the hydrophobic particles isThis patent deals mainly with the problem of anti-caking of open air powders.

JP2015054807A uses an anti-consolidation component selected from phosphonic acid, gluconic acid and salts thereof in preventing consolidation of blast furnace slag. The anti-caking agent of this patent is an aqueous solution.

CN111548101a discloses a cement-based high-efficiency permeable crystalline waterproof material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the raw materials comprise cement, building sand, cellulose ether, a leveling agent, a defoaming agent, a water reducing agent, calcium stearate, hydrophobic emulsion powder, a retarder, an anti-caking agent and a crystalline waterproof agent. The anti-caking agent is silicon dioxide.

CN111094511a discloses an anti-caking agent for soil, which comprises lignin and diatomaceous earth as active ingredients, wherein the lignin has a molecular weight peak in the range of a molecular weight 10,000 ～ 40,000 at a wavelength of 254nm in GPC molecular weight analysis using a UV detector. The addition of the anti-caking agent in this patent is mainly aimed at improving the caking of soil and the poor growth effect of plants.

CN108191322a discloses a dry-mixed mortar and a preparation method thereof, and the mixed anti-caking agent used comprises phosphorous slag and an exciting agent, so that the dry-mixed mortar is mainly prevented from being dried and knotted in the storage process, and the quality guarantee period is prolonged.

CN106316189a discloses a moistureproof and anti-caking agent for dry powder mortar, which adopts nano silicon dioxide, talcum powder with the particle size less than or equal to 0.008mm, light calcium carbonate, stearate and anti-caking rubber powder, and the storage time of the dry powder mortar can be prolonged by adding the anti-caking rubber powder according to a certain proportion in the production process.

From the prior art, no special anti-caking agent is available for the soil curing agent field.

Disclosure of Invention

The concept of an anti-caking agent is well studied in the fields of foods, fertilizers, cosmetics and the like, but no related research is available in the field of soil curing agents. The inventor has carried out series of attempts to form an anti-caking agent by using a functional component and a dispersing component, and the invention continues to carry out further deep mechanism and effect researches. On the one hand, the invention aims to provide a novel anti-caking agent which is suitable for the field of soil solidifying agents, and preparation and application thereof. The invention adopts specific disperse components and tries light porous material and mesoporous material by reasonably selecting and matching raw materials, thereby well solving the anti-caking problem of the curing agent.

On the other hand, the invention aims to provide a premix and preparation and application thereof, and not every raw material can cause agglomeration and caking in the field of soil curing agents and in the fields of concrete, filling materials, backfilling materials and roadbed materials. According to the analysis of the present invention, the wet solid waste with the water content of above 0.5%, especially with the water content of above 1%, and the solid waste with the water content of above 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15% are easy to cause agglomeration and caking. The problem of agglomeration and caking can be well solved by premixing the solid waste with the water content and the anti-caking agent.

The wet solid waste according to the present invention is, unless otherwise specified, solid waste containing a certain amount of water/adhering water, particularly solid waste that tends to agglomerate or agglomerate during use, and specifically solid waste having a water content of 0.5% or more, particularly solid waste having a water content of 1% or more, and the above-defined water content of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15% or more falls within this range. The water content is calculated: the wet solid waste weight is a, the weight after drying to constant weight at low temperature is b, and the water content is = (a-b)/b (the result is converted into percentage).

It should be emphasized here that the type of the solid waste is not particularly limited, as long as it is suitable for applications in the field of soil hardening agents and in the fields of concrete, filling materials, backfill materials, roadbed materials, and the like, for example. Meanwhile, even the same solid waste has quite different water contents due to different sources, and only the water contents of more than 0.5%, especially more than 1%, and further more than 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% and 15% are needed to be treated. In addition, if the wet solid waste having a water content of 1% or more is dehydrated by a treatment such as drying, it is not necessary to additionally mix the wet solid waste with the anti-caking agent, and it is permissible to add the anti-caking agent in this case.

In another aspect, the invention aims to provide a soil body curing agent with excellent performance, and preparation and application thereof, wherein the agglomeration and agglomeration problems of the soil body curing agent in the processes of material mixing, transportation and storage can be well solved by adding the anti-agglomeration agent or the premix containing the anti-agglomeration agent, and meanwhile, the stability of the performance of the soil body curing agent can be ensured.

Finally, the invention aims to provide construction powder for stirring piles, construction slurry for stirring piles, solidified soil, concrete, filling materials, backfilling materials, roadbed materials and the like which use related anti-caking agents or premixes containing the anti-caking agents and soil curing agents, and the related products have stable performances and meet performance indexes in practical application.

In the prior series of researches of the inventor, the anti-caking agent is prepared by matching water reactive components such as calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, anhydrous gypsum, semi-hydrated gypsum and the like with dispersing components, so that the caking and caking problems are greatly improved, and the screen residue of raw materials is less. However, previous studies have considered that a water reactive component is necessary, which removes water from the raw material by reaction with water, thereby achieving the effect of improving caking and agglomeration. As the inventors have continued their studies, they have unexpectedly found that the anti-caking effect is essentially due to two aspects, on the one hand the reaction of the water-reactive component with water; on the other hand, the physical dispersion of the dispersed components is also of critical importance. The aqueous materials are susceptible to agglomeration into clumps/clusters due to the presence of water, but when inert dispersing components are added, the dispersing components prevent agglomeration of the materials.

Based on the foregoing important findings, the inventors have devised a novel anti-agglomerating agent that can solve the agglomeration problem by relying only on inert dispersing components.

Specifically, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

an anti-caking agent for a soil body curing agent only comprises a dispersing component and does not comprise a functional component, wherein the dispersing component is an inert component and does not react with water; the functional component is a water reactive component. Further, the anti-caking agent according to the present invention does not comprise free calcium oxide and free magnesium oxide.

In one embodiment, the dispersing component is selected from one or more of a lightweight porous material, a mesoporous material. Further, the lightweight porous material is selected from diatomaceous earth. The mesoporous material is selected from mesoporous carbon or mesoporous silicon. Further, the fineness of the lightweight porous material is 500 mesh or more, preferably 600 mesh, 800 mesh, 900 mesh or 1000 mesh or more. The fineness of the mesoporous material is more than 500 meshes, preferably more than 600 meshes, 800 meshes, 900 meshes or 1000 meshes.

In one embodiment, the dispersing component is selected from one or more of quartz powder, bentonite, kaolin, heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, and silica fume. The above components of the present invention may be prepared by themselves or may be obtained from commercial sources, such as by the chemical industry of the ridge, ke Mi Ou, guo Yao, shengmai, etc.

Further, the fineness of the dispersed component is 200 mesh or more, preferably 300 mesh or more. The preferred fineness is not exactly the same because of the differences in physical properties of the individual dispersed components. For example, the fineness of the quartz powder is 400 mesh or more, preferably 500 mesh, 600 mesh or 800 mesh or more. For light calcium carbonate, the fineness is more than 200 meshes, preferably more than 300 meshes. The fineness of the heavy calcium carbonate is more than 300 meshes, preferably more than 400 meshes. For kaolin, the fineness is above 600 meshes, preferably above 800 meshes, 900 meshes or 1000 meshes. The fineness of the micro silicon powder is more than 500 meshes, preferably more than 800 meshes.

The anti-caking agent is used for soil body curing agents, concrete, construction powder for stirring piles, construction slurry for stirring piles, filling materials, backfilling materials and roadbed materials.

A premix comprising wet solid waste and the aforementioned anti-caking agent. Wet solid waste is solid waste containing a certain amount of water/adhering water, and particularly solid waste that tends to agglomerate or agglomerate during use, and specifically solid waste having a water content of 0.5% or more, particularly solid waste having a water content of 1% or more, and solid waste having a water content of 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15% or more defined above is also within this range. Anti-caking agents have been described above.

The addition weight ratio of the wet solid waste to the anti-caking agent is 10:1-1:3, preferably 5:1-1:2, and more preferably 3:1-1:1.

Further, the moisture content of the wet solid waste is 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or 10% or more; preferably 3% to 40%, still preferably 5% to 30%, further preferably 10% to 20%.

In some embodiments, the wet solid waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, industrial by-product gypsum, aluminum slag, red mud, waste stone dust.

In some embodiments, the premix is 10kg/Φ15cm weight pressed, and after 5 days it is passed through a 2.36mm standard sieve with a screen residue of 15% or less, preferably 10% or less.

A method of preparing a premix, mixing the solid waste with an anti-caking agent. Generally, solid waste with water content of more than 0.5%, especially solid waste with water content of more than 1%, is easy to cause agglomeration and caking, and the premixing is mainly to treat solid waste with higher water content. Of course, all or part of the other solid waste with low water content can be premixed together. Furthermore, it is possible to select to premix part of the cement, even the admixture/auxiliary agent, at the same time, so long as the aforementioned inventive concept of treating the agglomeration and agglomeration of the solid waste with a relatively high water content is not affected, and it is within the scope of the present invention to premix part of other various raw materials or all of some raw materials.

A soil body curing agent, which contains the anti-caking agent. Soil curing agents are known in the art, for example, inorganic binders are a conventional curing material, including cement, lime, fly ash, etc., which may be used alone or in a mixture in a certain ratio. The ionic soil curing agent is a chemical substance formed by combining a plurality of strong ions. Organic soil curing agents are generally in liquid form and are of various types, and currently known products in the market include: kang Nai (CON-AID) from Johness burg, S-type stabilizer from SOILROCK, USA, TOP-SEAL, etc. Various curing agents are mixed and used in some use scenes, and other substances such as solid waste are added in some use scenes. However, in any case, the anti-caking agent according to the present invention may be added as long as the raw material has a high water content. In particular, it is effective to add solid waste having a water content of 1% or more.

Further, a soil body curing agent is provided, which contains an anti-caking agent, wet solid waste, a mineral additive, optional cement, optional auxiliary agent and optional incineration ash; the wet solid waste has the definition as described above.

The type of the solid waste is not particularly limited as long as it is suitable for application in the field of soil hardening agents and in the field of concrete.

Further, the wet solid waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, industrial byproduct gypsum, aluminum slag, red mud and waste stone powder. The moisture content of the wet solid waste is 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9% or more than 10%; preferably 3% to 40%, still preferably 5% to 30%, further preferably 10% to 20%.

Further, the mineral additive is one or more selected from copper slag powder, phosphorus slag powder, fly ash, steel slag, natural zeolite and silica fume. The incineration ash is selected from one or more of sludge incineration ash and garbage incineration ash. The auxiliary agent is one or more selected from accelerator, water reducer, enhancer and flocculant.

For the soil body curing agent, the preferable formula is as follows: comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 5-25% of anti-caking agent, 15-35% of wet solid waste, 25-50% of mineral admixture, 0-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

If a cement-based soil body curing agent is adopted, the soil body curing agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 10-20% of anti-caking agent, 20-30% of wet solid waste, 30-45% of mineral admixture, 15-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

In one scheme, the preparation method of the soil body curing agent comprises the steps of (1) pre-mixing wet solid waste and an anti-caking agent to obtain a premix; (2) A step of mixing the premix with a mineral admixture, optionally cement, optionally an auxiliary agent, optionally incineration ash.

In another embodiment, a soil body setting agent is provided, comprising the foregoing premix. The premix contains wet solid waste and an anti-caking agent, so that the raw materials with larger influence on caking and caking are divided independently, and the influence of the high-water-content raw materials on the whole curing agent is reduced.

Further, a soil body curing agent is provided, which comprises the premix, a mineral admixture, optional cement, optional auxiliary agents and optional incineration ash.

In a preferred scheme, the soil body curing agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-50% of premix, 25-50% of mineral admixture, 0-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

For the cement-based soil body curing agent, the soil body curing agent comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 30-40% of premix, 30-45% of mineral admixture, 15-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

Also provided is a method for preparing soil body curing agent, which comprises the step of mixing wet solid waste and the anti-caking agent to obtain a premix. As mentioned above, the premixing is mainly to treat the solid waste with higher water content. Of course, all or part of the other solid waste with low water content can be premixed together. Furthermore, it is possible to select to premix part of the cement, even the admixture/auxiliary agent, at the same time, so long as the aforementioned inventive concept of treating the agglomeration and agglomeration of the solid waste with a relatively high water content is not affected, and it is within the scope of the present invention to premix part of other various raw materials or all of some raw materials.

A construction powder for a stirring pile, which contains the anti-caking agent, or contains the premix or the soil body curing agent. Typically, the powder may be prepared as follows: taking materials according to weight percentage, mixing wet solid waste and an anti-caking agent according to weight ratio in advance to obtain a premix, grinding until the 0.08mm sieve allowance is less than 10%, obtaining dry powder, adding the low-water-content solid waste (if any), the functional additive (if any), the cement (if any) and the like into the dry powder under stirring, and stirring uniformly to obtain the construction powder. Furthermore, the construction powder for the stirring pile prepared by the method is prepared into slurry with the water cement ratio of 0.6-2.0, and can be applied to the stirring pile prepared by blending with foundation soil. When the method is applied, construction equipment such as double-shaft, three-shaft and six-shaft stirring piles, jet grouting piles and the like are adopted, and the pile is fully stirred with foundation soil for preparation.

A construction slurry for a stirring pile, which contains the anti-caking agent, or contains the premix or the soil body curing agent. Typically, the slurry may be prepared as follows: taking materials according to weight percentage, mixing wet solid waste and an anti-caking agent according to weight ratio in advance to obtain a premix, adding water to blend to prepare slurry, adding low-water-content solid waste, functional additive (if any) and cement (if any) into the slurry, and stirring uniformly to obtain the construction slurry. Furthermore, the construction slurry for the stirring pile prepared by the method is prepared into slurry with the water cement ratio of 0.6-2.0, and can be applied to the stirring pile prepared by blending with foundation soil. Specifically, when in use, water is added and stirred to prepare slurry with the water-cement ratio of 0.6-2.0, and construction equipment such as double-shaft, three-shaft and six-shaft stirring piles, jet grouting piles and the like are adopted to fully stir with foundation soil for preparation.

The low-moisture content solid waste refers to solid waste with a moisture content of less than 1% and 0.5%, and is dry and does not cause caking or caking, so that the low-moisture content solid waste can be used without mixing with an anti-caking agent like wet solid waste. Of course, it is not excluded here that it is used after premixing with the anti-caking agent.

A solidified soil comprising the anti-caking agent or the premix or the soil solidifying agent. The soil to be solidified is not particularly limited, and may be loess, black soil, saline-alkali soil or the like. And adding the soil body curing agent into the soil, or fully stirring the soil body curing agent with foundation soil by using construction equipment such as double-shaft, three-shaft and six-shaft stirring piles, jet grouting piles and the like, so as to obtain the cured soil.

The invention also provides a filling material which contains the anti-caking agent or the premix or the soil body curing agent.

The invention also provides a backfill material which contains the anti-caking agent or the premix or the soil body curing agent.

The invention also provides a roadbed material which contains the anti-caking agent or the premix or the soil body curing agent.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:

(1) Before the research of the inventor, the soil body curing agent field and the concrete field have no special anti-caking agent to solve the caking and caking problems of raw materials. The invention well solves the problems of agglomeration and caking of raw materials by reasonably selecting and matching the raw materials.

(2) The present invention has for the first time found that the anti-caking effect comes substantially from two aspects, on the one hand the reaction of the water-reactive component with water; on the other hand, physical dispersion of the dispersed components; by carefully screening the raw materials, a very good anti-caking effect is achieved by only relying on the dispersing components.

(3) The porous material and the mesoporous material have physical water absorption effect and can show good anti-caking effect.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows the appearance of the premix of example 2 after sieving, wherein the anti-caking agent is 200 meshes of quartz powder, 400 meshes of quartz powder, 200 meshes of heavy calcium carbonate (namely heavy calcium carbonate), 200 meshes of light calcium carbonate (namely light calcium carbonate) and 800 meshes of diatomite in sequence from left to right.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

Example 1:

the anti-caking agent was mixed with gypsum (water content 6.2%) in the weight ratio shown in Table 1 to obtain a premix, and the premix state was observed and recorded in Table 1. The state is mainly to observe whether the material is hardened or not, whether all the screened residues are soft or not, whether the materials can be manually crushed or not, and the amount of the screened residues.

As can be seen from table 1, for quartz powder, fineness is required to be more than 400 meshes to obtain a good anti-caking effect; for diatomite, the anti-caking effect is very good (only 800-mesh and 1250-mesh diatomite is purchased, and the qualitative experiment adopts 800 meshes here); the light calcium carbonate with 200 meshes has better anti-caking effect; however, for heavy calcium carbonate, the anti-caking effect of 200 meshes of heavy calcium carbonate still needs to be improved, and the anti-caking effect can be better achieved by more than 300 meshes.

TABLE 1 premix status

Example 2:

further experiments were carried out according to the preferred fineness of the material obtained from the qualitative experiments of example 1. The anti-caking agent and gypsum (water content 6.2%) were mixed according to the weight ratio of Table 2 to obtain a premix, 10 kg/phi 15cm weight pressure was applied, and after 5 days, the premix was sieved through a 2.36mm standard sieve, the conditions after sieving were shown in FIG. 1, and the screen residue data were shown in Table 2. From experimental data, the screened inert material with specific fineness can meet the anti-caking effect.

TABLE 2 premix run out test results

In previous studies, pre-mix samples spiked with calcium oxide alone showed significant caking with a sieve balance of 60.0%; when calcium oxide is blended with inert components (quartz powder), the agglomeration phenomenon of the curing agent can be greatly reduced, and the screen allowance is only 4.5 percent (specifically shown in table 3). The addition of the inert component alone also reduces the caking of the curative/premix, but the inert component does not absorb water and is slightly less effective than the re-addition of calcium oxide to the inert component.

TABLE 3 test results of the screen residue test of the calcium oxide-containing premix

Example 3:

the anti-caking agent was mixed with gypsum (water content 6.2%) according to the weight ratio of Table 4 to give a premix, 10 kg/15 cm weight, and after 5 days, passed through a 2.36mm standard sieve, the screen residue data are shown in Table 4.

After further expanding the range of experimental materials, it was found that the selection of poorly water-soluble substances generally has a certain anti-agglomerating effect when the particle size is small, but different materials have different properties and preferred fineness.

TABLE 4 premix run out test results

Example 4:

according to the weight ratio of the raw materials in Table 5, the anti-caking agent and gypsum are firstly mixed to obtain a premix, and then the premix is mixed with cement (PO 42.5 in the south of Pinghu) and slag powder to prepare the soil body curing agent. According to the water: soil body curing agent is 1.5:1, soil body curing agent: the engineering soil was tested at 1:5 and the results are reported in Table 5.

TABLE 5 results of curative compressive strength test

Table 6 shows the relationship between the holding time and the strength, and the strength was decreased with the increase of the holding time, probably due to the higher moisture content and the lack of calcium oxide. It can be seen that the individual incorporation of inert components is more suitable for ready-to-use scenarios.

TABLE 6 14d unconfined Strength Change/MPa for curing agent placed for different times

It is noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises an element.

The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A premix characterized by: the soil hardening agent comprises wet solid waste and an anti-caking agent for the soil hardening agent, wherein the wet solid waste is solid waste with the water content of more than 1 percent; the adding weight ratio of the wet solid waste to the anti-caking agent is 10:1-1:3; the anti-caking agent only comprises a dispersing component and does not comprise a functional component, wherein the dispersing component is an inert component and does not react with water, and the functional component is a water-reactive component; the anti-caking agent does not contain free calcium oxide and free magnesium oxide; the dispersion component is a substance insoluble or poorly soluble in water, wherein the insoluble or poorly soluble in water means that the solubility in water is less than 0.01g/100g at 20 ℃; the moisture content of the wet solid waste is 5% -30%.

2. Premix according to claim 1, wherein the wet solid waste and the anti-caking agent are added in a weight ratio of 5:1-1:2.

3. Premix according to claim 2, wherein the wet solid waste and the anti-caking agent are added in a weight ratio of 3:1-1:1.

4. The premix of claim 1, wherein the dispersing component is selected from one or more of a lightweight porous material, a mesoporous material.

5. The premix of claim 4 wherein the lightweight porous material is selected from the group consisting of diatomaceous earth; the mesoporous material is selected from mesoporous carbon or mesoporous silicon.

6. The premix of claim 4 wherein the fineness of the lightweight porous material, mesoporous material is greater than 500 mesh.

7. The premix of claim 1, wherein the dispersing component is selected from one or more of quartz powder, kaolin, heavy calcium carbonate, light calcium carbonate, and silica fume.

8. Premix according to claim 7, wherein the fineness of the dispersed component is 200 mesh or more.

9. The premix of claim 1 wherein the dispersion component is quartz powder having a fineness of 400 mesh or more;

or the dispersion component is micro silicon powder with fineness of more than 500 meshes;

or the dispersion component is kaolin with fineness of more than 800 meshes;

or the dispersed component is heavy calcium carbonate with fineness of more than 300 meshes;

or the dispersion component is light calcium carbonate with fineness of more than 200 meshes;

or the dispersed component is diatomite with fineness of more than 500 meshes.

10. Premix according to claim 9, wherein the dispersion component is quartz powder with a fineness of 600 mesh or more;

or the dispersion component is micro silicon powder with the fineness of more than 800 meshes;

or, the dispersion component is kaolin with fineness of more than 1000 meshes;

or the dispersed component is heavy calcium carbonate with fineness of more than 400 meshes;

or the dispersion component is light calcium carbonate with fineness of more than 300 meshes;

or the dispersed component is diatomite with fineness of more than 800 meshes.

11. Premix according to claim 1, characterized in that: the wet solid waste is selected from one or more of carbide slag, industrial byproduct gypsum, aluminum slag, red mud and waste stone powder.

12. A method of preparing a premix according to any one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the wet solid waste and the anti-caking agent are mixed.

13. The method of manufacturing according to claim 12, wherein: the mixing adopts a grinding and mixing mode.

14. The soil body curing agent is characterized in that: comprising a premix according to any one of claims 1 to 11;

or, a premix prepared by the method of claim 12 or 13.

15. A soil body setting agent according to claim 14, wherein: comprising said premix, mineral admixture, optionally cement, optionally auxiliary agent, optionally incineration ash.

16. A soil body setting agent as claimed in claim 15 wherein the soil body setting agent meets one or more of the following conditions:

(1) The mineral additive is one or more selected from copper slag powder, phosphorus slag powder, fly ash, steel slag, natural zeolite and silica fume;

(2) The incineration ash is selected from one or more of sludge incineration ash and garbage incineration ash;

(3) The auxiliary agent is one or more selected from accelerator, water reducer, reinforcing agent and flocculant;

(4) Comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 20-50% of premix, 25-50% of mineral admixture, 0-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

17. A soil body setting agent as claimed in claim 15 or 16 wherein the soil body setting agent comprises the following raw materials in weight percent: 30-40% of premix, 30-45% of mineral admixture, 15-30% of cement, 0-10% of auxiliary agent and 0-15% of incineration ash.

18. A method of preparing a soil body setting agent as claimed in any one of claims 14 to 17 comprising (1) mixing a mineral admixture, optionally cement, optionally an auxiliary agent, optionally incineration ash to form a material a; (2) taking the premix as a material B; (3) mixing the material A and the material B.

19. The utility model provides a construction powder for stirring stake which characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

20. The utility model provides a construction thick liquids for stirring stake which characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

21. A solidified soil, characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

22. A filling material, characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

23. A backfill material, characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.

24. A subgrade material, characterized in that: a pre-mix according to any one of claims 1 to 11 or a soil body solidifying agent according to any one of claims 14 to 17.