CN101898883B - High-calcium fly ash concrete - Google Patents
High-calcium fly ash concrete Download PDFInfo
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- CN101898883B CN101898883B CN2010102463245A CN201010246324A CN101898883B CN 101898883 B CN101898883 B CN 101898883B CN 2010102463245 A CN2010102463245 A CN 2010102463245A CN 201010246324 A CN201010246324 A CN 201010246324A CN 101898883 B CN101898883 B CN 101898883B
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- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of building materials, particularly relating to high-calcium fly ash concrete. The high-calcium fly ash concrete comprises the following raw materials by weight in per cubic meter of concrete: 144-175 kg of mixing water, 224-480 kg of cement, 35-135 kg of high-calcium fly ash, 1007-1120 kg of gravels, 671-804 kg of sand, 1.7-9 kg of water reducing agents, 0-110 kg of low-calcium fly ash and 0-110 kg of slag powder, wherein the mixing water is temporary hardwater, and the concentration of HCO3<-> in the mixing water is greater than 300 mg/L. The concrete has the characteristics of easy production and high operability, the high-calcium fly ash resource can be fully utilized, and the poor stability is eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to building material technical field, be specifically related to a kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete.
Background technology
Flyash is a kind of trade waste in fuel-burning power plant, is the waste residue of discharging from flue behind the levigated coal dust firing, is commonly called as " flying dust ".Flyash is as a kind of artificial pozzolanic materials, at present the sorting technique disunity of China.In " flyash concrete utilisation technology standard " (GBJ 146-90), flyash is divided into I, II, three ranks of III from indexs such as fineness, loss on ignition, water demand ratio, sulfur trioxide contents; By coal flyash is divided into F class and C class among " flyash that is used for cement and concrete " (GB/T 1596-2005); F class flyash is the flyash of being collected by calcined anthracite; C class flyash is the flyash of being collected by the calcining of brown coal or sub-bituminous coal, its calcium oxide content one greater than 10%; " high-calcium fly ash concrete utilisation technology rules (Shanghai City standard) " (DBJO8-230-98) issued the quality standard of high-calcium fly ass first; Be defined as: high-calcium fly ass is that brown coal or sub-bituminous coal are after the grinding burning; The powder of from stack gas, collecting; Its calcium oxide content is more than 8%; Be calcium oxide content greater than 8% or free calcium oxide (f-CaO) content all be regarded as high-calcium fly ass greater than 1% flyash, one has characteristics such as low, the active height of water-based of need and self-hardening property high-calcium fly ass.Compare with the standard of " flyash that is used for cement and concrete ", it has set up free quicklime and volume stability binomial index in the high-calcium fly ass, to guarantee its stability.
Compare with common low calcium fly ash, the mineral composition characteristics of high-calcium fly ass are: not only contain some mineral identical with low calcium fly ash, like quartz, mullite etc., but the peak weakens by force, particularly mullite more a little less than; Also contain the tricalcium aluminate CA that does not have in the low calcium fly ash, Dicalcium Phosphate (Feed Grade) CS, f-CaO, the mineral that quantity such as MgO do not wait, wherein the higher f-CaO of content causes the cement volumetric expansion easily and causes that stability is bad.
Power Plant in China all will be discharged a large amount of flyash every year, and a considerable amount of high-calcium fly asses are wherein arranged, and its stacking has taken a large amount of land resources, also environment has been caused certain pollution.Professor Chen Zhiyuan of Tongji University just points out: compare with normally used low calcium fly ash, the calcium hydroxide that high-calcium fly ass is discharged in the time of not only can be with hydrated cementitious combines to form hydraulic cementing materials, and self just has gelling; Yet; Because the problem of stability makes that the utilization ratio of high-calcium fly ass is lower, also be restriction high-calcium fly ass key in application in concrete; So if can effectively solve the stability problem that high-calcium fly ass causes concrete; Will be for the application of high-calcium fly ass in cement concrete provide possibility, thus will help improving the utilization ratio of fly ash, also will play a part positive to the protection environment.
The traditional method of high-calcium fly ass being carried out harmless treatment is following:
1) ageing water spray, this method is utilized airborne CO through displaying for a long time
2With the f-CaO reaction in moisture and the high-calcium fly ass, reduce or elimination f-CaO, reach the purpose that reduces or eliminate stability; But this method needs the long time, and for ready mixed concrete manufacturing enterprise; Powder all is to be stored in the sealing barrel, so operability is not strong, in addition; Because high calcium ash has self-hardening property, the easy agglomerating caking of high calcium ash that this method is handled should not use as concrete adulterant;
2) chemi-excitation, it is (like alkaline matter: NaOH, Ca (OH) with exciting agent
2, an alkali metal salt: Na
2CO
3, Na
2SO
4, CaSO
4Deng) join in the cement concrete after; Through " variety effect " and " priming effect ", improve the chemically reactive of high-calcium fly ass, reduce the stability of high-calcium fly ass; But; The a large amount of alkalimetal ions or the sulfate ion of its introducing, the alkali metal content in the cement concrete that raising is made, thus increase the risk of cement concrete generation steel bar corrosion, alkali or sulphate attack;
3) mechanical activation, this method through grinding, makes the part f-CaO that is enriched in the coarse particles high-calcium fly ass be activated as active CaO high-calcium fly ass; CaO activity in the thin ash is also excited; Participate in aquation more easily, thereby stability is improved, but this method energy consumption is bigger;
4) mix other mineral admixture; Disclose a kind of composite blend that uses high-calcium fly ass like Chinese patent 03102238.3, its composition comprises the high-calcium fly ass of 70～90 weight %, the pozzolanic materials of 5～15 weight %; The clay mineral material of the sulplo-aluminate of 3～12 weight % and 2～13 weight %; Yet the composition of above-mentioned composite blend is too complicated, is unfavorable for it and in ready mixed concrete, applies; And the clay mineral material that adds in the above-mentioned composite blend does not almost all have hydration activity, and is unfavorable to concrete ultimate compression strength.
To sum up, above-mentioned that high-calcium fly ass is carried out the traditional method or time of harmless treatment is long, and operability is not strong, or energy consumption is big, or more concrete performances are brought detrimentally affect, is unfavorable for high-calcium fly ass promoting the use of in concrete mixing.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention provides a kind of convenient for production, strong operability, can make full use of the high-calcium fly ass resource and eliminate the bad high-calcium fly ash concrete of stability.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above; Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete; It is characterized in that: it comprises following raw material: mixing water, cement, high-calcium fly ass, rubble, sand, water reducer; Low calcium fly ash and slag powders, wherein said mixing water is a temporary hard water, its HCO
3 -Concentration＞300mg/L; The weight of each component is in said every cubic meter of concrete: mixing water 144～175kg, cement 224～480kg, high-calcium fly ass 35～135kg, rubble 1007～1120kg, sand 671～804kg, water reducer 1.7～9kg, low calcium fly ash 0～110kg, slag powders 0～110kg.
Press such scheme, the weight of each component is in said every cubic meter of concrete: mixing water 144～175kg, cement 224～480kg, high-calcium fly ass 35～135kg, rubble 1007～1120kg, sand 671～804kg, water reducer 1.7～9kg, low calcium fly ash 0.1～110kg, slag powders 0.1～110kg.
Press such scheme, calcium oxide content in the described high-calcium fly ass＞8% or free calcium oxide content＞1%.
Press such scheme, described cement is a kind of in silicate cement, the ordinary Portland cement, strength grade >=42.5.
Press such scheme, described rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, silt content≤2%.
Press such scheme, described sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.0～2.8, silt content≤3%.
Press such scheme, described water reducer is a kind of in polycarboxylate water-reducer, the naphthalene water reducer, water-reducing rate >=15%.Press such scheme, described low calcium fly ash is I level flyash or II level flyash.
Press such scheme, described slag powders is that GBFS is S95 grade slag powder or S105 grade slag powder, specific surface area>=400m
2/ kg.
The production technique of above-mentioned high-calcium fly ash concrete and maintenance environment, same with the production technique and the maintenance environmental facies of common ready mixed concrete.
Mechanism of the present invention is: the f-CaO in the high-calcium fly ass can react with water, generates Ca (OH)
2, following reaction formula, volume expanding, thus cause the cement concrete stability bad.
CaO+H
2O→Ca(OH)
2
Be rich in Ca (HCO when in concrete production, using
3)
2With Mg (HCO
3)
2Temporary hard water during as mixing water because the f-CaO structure in the high-calcium fly ass is more loose, with cement clinker relatively; Particle is thin; Hydration activity is bigger, so after above-mentioned reaction takes place the f-CaO in the high-calcium fly ass and water, with rapidly and Ca (the HCO in the mixing water
3)
2Or Mg (HCO
3)
2Following reaction takes place, and generates CaCO
3With Mg (OH)
2Solid, thus concrete stability problem eliminated.
Ca(HCO
3)
2+Ca(OH)
2→2CaCO
3↓+2H
2O
Mg(HCO
3)
2+2Ca(OH)
2→Mg(OH)
2↓+2CaCO
3↓+2H
2O
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, in the concrete mixing process, uses and be rich in Ca (HCO
3)
2With Mg (HCO
3)
2Temporary hard water make mixing water, as far as concrete production enterprise, need not to change to production technique, convenient for production, strong operability; Economize on resources, cost is low.
The mineral composition that so-called " hard water " is meant in the water and is dissolved is many, especially calcium and magnesium.In hard water, calcium, magnesium can exist with forms such as carbonate, supercarbonate, vitriol, muriate and nitrate salt.If calcium and magnesium mainly exist with forms such as vitriol, nitrate salt and muriates in the hard water, be called permanent hard water, they can not be removed with the method for boiling; Calcium and magnesium are mainly with supercarbonate, like Ca (HCO in hard water
3)
2, Mg (HCO
3)
2When form exists, be called temporary hard water, during this hard water heated and boiled, supercarbonate can resolve into carbonate and precipitate to be removed.One, hard water should not be made industrial water, because of its decomposes in boiler can form bird nest, causes heat conduction bad, waste fuel, even lead to a disaster.
From the water source, concrete mixing water is divided into tap water, surface water, underground water, seawater and the trade effluent through suitably handling among " concrete mixing water supply standard " (JGJ 63-89).One is produced concrete and uses the Drinking Water of National standard more; And that surface water and underground water use in concrete production is less; Especially the phreatic use of hard water parakarst is not still less seen at present hard water parakarst underground water is used for the report that concrete mixes and stirs as yet.
And in areas such as China Guangxi, Yunnan, Guizhou, hard water resource rich, but utilization ratio is very low.The result shows according to " Guangxi emphasis karst River Basin Hydrology geology and environment geology survey (Babian Jiang basin) ", and whole district's karstic ground water development and use have a high potential, and annual the permission exploited 7.8 billion cubic meters, and the present situation produced quantity only accounts for 5.4%.In addition, according to " Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region underground water regimen circular ", Guangxi quality of groundwater type mainly is
Type with
Type is temporary hard water, and Ca (HCO
3)
2Solubility very high, be the 16.6g/100g pure water, one HCO
3 -Concentration greater than 300mg/L, even surpass 1000mg/L.Therefore use and be rich in Ca (HCO
3)
2With Mg (HCO
3)
2Temporary hard water make mixing water, can eliminate high-calcium fly ass and be applied to the bad problem of stability brought in the concrete preparation, also can economize on resources, reduce cost.
2, high-calcium fly ass is used in the concrete in a large number, and has eliminated the bad problem of stability that high-calcium fly ass exists, improved the high-calcium fly ass resource utilization, energy-conserving and environment-protective;
3, alkalimetal ion or sulfate ion are not introduced in the concrete, can not produced detrimentally affect concrete weather resistance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the sem photograph of the high-calcium fly ash concrete of embodiment 1;
Fig. 2 is the sem photograph of the high-calcium fly ash concrete of reference examples 1.
Embodiment
In order to understand the present invention better, further illustrate content of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment, but content of the present invention not only is confined to following embodiment.
The production technique of following high-calcium fly ash concrete and maintenance environment, all same with the production technique and the maintenance environmental facies of common ready mixed concrete.
Reference examples 1～4:
The shared weight ratio of concrete each raw material is as shown in table 1 in the reference examples.
Weight ratio (the kg/m of each raw material of table 1
3)
Wherein:
The free calcium oxide content of high-calcium fly ass is 3.2%;
Cement is ordinary Portland cement, and strength grade is 42.5;
Rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, and silt content is 2%;
Sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.0, and silt content is 3%;
Water reducer is a polycarboxylate water-reducer, and solid content is 20%, water-reducing rate 23%.
Weight ratio according to mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass in the table 1; Mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass are stirred into slurry; Carry out stability according to " cement normal consistency water consumption, time of coagulation, the stability method of inspection " (GB/T 1346-2001) then and detect, the result is as shown in table 3.
Embodiment 1～4:
A kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete, the shared weight ratio of each starting material is as shown in table 2.
Each raw material weight of table 2 is than (kg/m
3)
Wherein:
The concentration of
is 630mg/L in the temporary hard water;
The free calcium oxide content of high-calcium fly ass is 3.2%;
Cement is ordinary Portland cement, and strength grade is 42.5;
Rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, and silt content is 2%;
Sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.0, and silt content is 3%;
Water reducer is a polycarboxylate water-reducer, and solid content is 20%, water-reducing rate 23%.
Weight ratio according to the mixing water in the table 2, cement and high-calcium fly ass; Mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass are stirred into slurry; Carry out stability according to " cement normal consistency water consumption, time of coagulation, the stability method of inspection " (GB/T 1346-2001) then and detect, the result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3 stability detected result and concrete crushing strength result
Can be known by table 3, use temporary hard water preparation high-calcium fly ash concrete, its Lei Shi folder swell value is reduced, stability is qualified, and concrete intensity is had no adverse effect.
The concrete test block of embodiment 1 and reference examples 1 is stirred blanks and moulding and conserving in the time of 14 days, carrying out scanning electron microscope analysis respectively: as shown in Figure 1 when using temporary hard water to mix the system high-calcium fly ash concrete (embodiment 1), concrete inner Ca (OH)
2Crystal (hexagonal) is less, and structure is closely knit; And when using tap water to mix the system high-calcium fly ash concrete (reference examples 1), as shown in Figure 2, there is a large amount of Ca (OH) concrete inside
2Crystal exists, and concrete inner structure is more loose than Fig. 1.
Embodiment 5～7:
A kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete, the shared weight ratio of each raw material is as shown in table 4.
Each raw material weight of table 4 is than (kg/m
3)
| Numbering | Mixing water | Cement | High-calcium fly ass | Rubble | Sand | Water reducer |
| Embodiment 5 | 158 | 405 | 45 | 1070 | 713.4 | 9.0 |
| Embodiment 6 | 158 | 360 | 90 | 1070 | 713.4 | 9.0 |
| Embodiment 7 | 158 | 315 | 135 | 1070 | 713.4 | 9.0 |
Wherein:
Mixing water is a temporary hard water, and the concentration of
is 1270mg/L;
The calcium oxide content of high-calcium fly ass is 9.3%;
Cement is silicate cement, and strength grade is 42.5;
Rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, and silt content is 1.4%;
Sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.8, and silt content is 1.7%;
Water reducer is a polycarboxylate water-reducer, and solid content is 10%, water-reducing rate 15%.
Weight ratio according to mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass in the table 4; Mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass are stirred into slurry; Carry out stability according to " cement normal consistency water consumption, time of coagulation, the stability method of inspection " (GB/T 1346-2001) then and detect, the result is as shown in table 5.
Table 5 stability detected result and concrete crushing strength result
Embodiment 8～10:
A kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete, the shared weight ratio of each raw material is as shown in table 6.
Each raw material weight of table 6 is than (kg/m
3)
Wherein:
Mixing water is a temporary hard water, and the concentration of
is 350mg/L;
The free calcium oxide content of high-calcium fly ass is 1.5%;
Cement is ordinary Portland cement, and strength grade is 42.5;
Rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, and silt content is 0.7%;
Sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.6, and silt content is 2.5%;
Water reducer is a naphthalene water reducer, and solid content is 33%, water-reducing rate 18.7%;
Low calcium fly ash is an II level flyash, and needing the water ratio is 104%.
Slag powders is that GBFS is the S95 grade slag powder, and specific surface area is 400m
2/ kg.
Weight ratio according to mixing water, cement, high-calcium fly ass, low calcium fly ash, slag powders in the table 6; Mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass are stirred into slurry; Carry out stability according to " cement normal consistency water consumption, time of coagulation, the stability method of inspection " (GB/T 1346-2001) then and detect, the result is as shown in table 7.
Table 7 stability detected result and concrete crushing strength result
Embodiment 11,12:
A kind of high-calcium fly ash concrete, the shared weight ratio of each raw material is as shown in table 8.
Each raw material weight of table 8 is than (kg/m
3)
| Numbering | Mixing water | Cement | High-calcium fly ass | Low calcium fly ash | Slag powders | Rubble | Sand | Water reducer |
| Embodiment 11 | 165 | 385 | 55 | 55 | 55 | 1013 | 675 | 6.6 |
| Embodiment 12 | 165 | 275 | 55 | 110 | 110 | 1013 | 675 | 6.6 |
Wherein:
Mixing water is a temporary hard water, and the concentration of
is 1150mg/L;
The free calcium oxide content of high-calcium fly ass is 2.5%;
Cement is ordinary Portland cement, and strength grade is 52.5;
Rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, and silt content is 1.3%;
Sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.5, and silt content is 1.8%;
Water reducer is a polycarboxylate water-reducer, and solid content is 20%, water-reducing rate 25.2%;
Low calcium fly ash is an I level flyash, and needing the water ratio is 97%.
Slag powders is that GBFS is the S105 grade slag powder, and specific surface area is 560m
2/ kg.
Weight ratio according to mixing water, cement, high-calcium fly ass, low calcium fly ash and slag powders in the table 8; Mixing water, cement and high-calcium fly ass are stirred into slurry; Carry out stability according to " cement normal consistency water consumption, time of coagulation, the stability method of inspection " (GB/T 1346-2001) then and detect, the result is as shown in table 9.
Table 9 stability detected result and concrete crushing strength result
Claims (9)
1. high-calcium fly ash concrete, it is characterized in that: it comprises following raw material: mixing water, cement, high-calcium fly ass, rubble, sand, water reducer, low calcium fly ash and slag powders, wherein said mixing water is a temporary hard water, its HCO
3 -Concentration＞300mg/L; The weight of each component is in said every cubic meter of concrete: mixing water 144～175kg, cement 224～480kg, high-calcium fly ass 35～135kg, rubble 1007～1120kg, sand 671～804kg, water reducer 1.7～9kg, low calcium fly ash 0～110kg, slag powders 0～110kg.
2. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the weight of each component is in said every cubic meter of concrete: mixing water 144～175kg, cement 224～480kg, high-calcium fly ass 35～135kg, rubble 1007～1120kg, sand 671～804kg, water reducer 1.7～9kg, low calcium fly ash 0.1～110kg, slag powders 0.1～110kg.
3. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: calcium oxide content in the described high-calcium fly ass＞8% or free calcium oxide content＞1%.
4. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described cement is a kind of in silicate cement, the ordinary Portland cement, strength grade >=42.5.
5. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described rubble is 5～31.5mm continuous grading, silt content≤2%.
6. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described sand is river sand, fineness modulus 2.0～2.8, silt content≤3%.
7. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described water reducer is a kind of in polycarboxylate water-reducer, the naphthalene water reducer, water-reducing rate >=15%.
8. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described low calcium fly ash is I level flyash or II level flyash.
9. high-calcium fly ash concrete according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described slag powders is S95 grade slag powder or S105 grade slag powder, specific surface area>=400m
2/ kg.
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| CN103043973B (en) * | 2013-01-22 | 2014-06-11 | 甘肃省建材科研设计院 | Concrete heat storage material |
| CN103159416B (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2015-05-06 | 交通运输部科学研究院 | Concrete cementing material, mortar and concrete for buildings, and preparation methods |
| CN104058649B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-01-20 | 安徽华塑股份有限公司 | A kind of water-proof concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110218037B (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2021-10-08 | 山东创能机械科技有限公司 | Wet ash-discharging base filling material and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112250392B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-09-13 | 华电电力科学研究院有限公司 | Artificial macadam for road construction and preparation method thereof |
| CN112374812B (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2022-02-18 | 四川省铁证工程检测有限公司 | High-calcium fly ash concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN115124285A (en) * | 2021-12-09 | 2022-09-30 | 登封市中联混凝土有限公司 | Environment-friendly impervious concrete |
| CN115417648A (en) * | 2022-09-29 | 2022-12-02 | 中交绿建(厦门)科技有限公司 | Preparation method of anti-erosion large-volume concrete |
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