CN115250870B - Consolidated plant ecological composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Consolidated plant ecological composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115250870B CN115250870B CN202210996100.9A CN202210996100A CN115250870B CN 115250870 B CN115250870 B CN 115250870B CN 202210996100 A CN202210996100 A CN 202210996100A CN 115250870 B CN115250870 B CN 115250870B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/30—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds
- A01G24/35—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing synthetic organic compounds containing water-absorbing polymers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/40—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure
- A01G24/42—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor characterised by their structure of granular or aggregated structure
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer processing, and discloses a concretion plant ecological composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the ecological composite material mainly comprises components such as a soil fertilizer, a soil adhesive, a foaming agent, montmorillonite, polyacrylamide and the like, is prepared into particles, and is coated by the montmorillonite, so that nutrient components are released underground, the soil particles are coated by infiltration, the soil particles have cohesiveness and water retention, the concretion plant ecological material is automatically dehydrated in a dry state, and the soil is in a loose state and has air permeability and water permeability and wind erosion resistance (wind blowing is not scattered and dust is not generated); when meeting water, the solidified plant ecological material and water molecules automatically polymerize to solidify soil into a whole, so that a rapid growth condition can be created for vegetation, a local good plant ecological environment of a slope is formed, an ecological chain system is induced to be established, and the purpose of ecological natural circulation is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizer processing, and particularly relates to a concretion vegetation ecological composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The vegetation grows closely with environmental quality, and the soil in some areas is not especially fertile, and moreover, often rainstorm, vegetation is planted in this area and is easily influenced in its growth, when meeting heavy rainstorm, probably appears, and the rainstorm breaks soil, and the rainwater is likely to be pulled up the vegetation root, then the vegetation is washed away by heavy rain. At present, the situation is avoided by using the multipurpose sand-fixing water-retaining vegetation composite material, the conventional sand-fixing water-retaining composite material is usually added with a common slow release fertilizer, and the free formaldehyde content in the slow release fertilizer is too high, so that the environment is polluted, and the absorption of plants is also not facilitated. In addition, the formed bonding layer is damaged and cannot play a role in bonding.
Aiming at the problems, the consolidation plant growth composite material is adopted to promote vegetation growth and soil consolidation. The concretion plant growth composite material is mainly compounded by urea formaldehyde slow release fertilizer, ecological curing agent, functional agent and the like with high molar ratio, has functions of high-quality moisture preservation, adhesion, film formation and crusting for the foundation soil particles, and can effectively concrete the foundation soil particles and form a protective film on the surface of the foundation soil particles. But has poor moisture retention and air permeability for soil and has certain limitation on promoting preparation and growth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a consolidated plant ecological composite material and a preparation method thereof, which are used for solving the problems in the prior art in the background technology.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the plant ecological composite material is solidified, and comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of soil fertilizer, 10-20 parts of soil adhesive, 5-8 parts of silicone oil, 5-8 parts of foaming agent, 5-8 parts of initiator, 10-15 parts of montmorillonite, 10-15 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
Further, the ecological composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of soil fertilizer, 10 parts of soil adhesive, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of initiator, 10 parts of montmorillonite, 10 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
Further, the ecological composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of soil fertilizer, 15 parts of soil adhesive, 7 parts of silicone oil, 7 parts of foaming agent, 7 parts of initiator, 12 parts of montmorillonite, 13 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
Further, the ecological composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of soil fertilizer, 20 parts of soil adhesive, 8 parts of silicone oil, 8 parts of foaming agent, 8 parts of initiator, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 15 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
Further, the polyacrylamide is white powder particles.
Further, a preparation method of the consolidated plant ecological composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, putting a soil fertilizer, a soil adhesive, silicone oil, a foaming agent, an initiator into a stirring kettle I for mixing to obtain a mixture A;
s2, transferring the mixture A into a granulator, and granulating by adding water to obtain a granular material A;
s3, transferring the granular material A into a stirring kettle II, and putting polyacrylamide into the stirring kettle II for mixing to obtain a granular material B;
s4, putting montmorillonite into the stirring kettle II so that the montmorillonite is adhered to the surface of the granular material B to obtain a granular material C;
s5, transferring the granular material C into a dryer for drying to obtain an ecological composite material finished product.
Further, the setting conditions of the first stirring kettle and the second stirring kettle are as follows: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the rotating speed is 960r-1300r/min, and the time is 10-30 minutes.
Further, the conditions set by the dryer are as follows: the temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the time is 1-2 hours.
The invention has the technical effects and advantages that: compared with the prior art, the consolidated plant ecological composite material and the preparation method thereof provided by the invention have the following advantages:
the ecological composite material provided by the invention is mainly composed of components such as soil fertilizers, soil adhesives, foaming agents, montmorillonite, polyacrylamide and the like, is prepared into particles, and is prepared by wrapping the soil fertilizers, the soil adhesives and the foaming agents by the montmorillonite, so that the soil particles are conveniently released under the ground, and are wrapped by infiltration, so that the soil particles have cohesiveness and water retention, and in a dry state, the solidified plant ecological material is automatically dehydrated, and the soil is in a loose state, has air permeability and water permeability and has wind erosion resistance (wind blowing is not scattered and dust is not generated); when meeting water, the solidified plant ecological material and water molecules automatically polymerize, soil is solidified into a whole, the compressive strength of the composite structure body can reach 5.6MPa, the splitting strength can reach 0.56MPa, the soil body has good scouring resistance, the scouring resistance flow rate can reach 1.12m/min, meanwhile, the soil body has permeability control property, rapid growth conditions can be created for vegetation, a local good plant ecological environment of a slope is formed, and the ecological chain system is induced to be established, so that the aim of ecological natural circulation is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of preparing a consolidated plant ecological composite of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a consolidated plant ecological composite material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of soil fertilizer, 10 parts of soil adhesive, 5 parts of silicone oil, 5 parts of foaming agent, 5 parts of initiator, 10 parts of montmorillonite, 10 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
The soil fertilizer has the following functions: the soil can continuously supply and regulate water, nutrient, air and heat required by plants in the growth process, and has very outstanding fertility characteristics. The fertilizer is one of important matters for promoting plant growth and raising crop yield. The fertilizer resource can solve the problems of unbalanced soil fertility, insufficient soil fertility and the like, thereby creating a comprehensive-nutrition growing environment for crops.
The soil adhesive is a water-soluble organic soil conditioner (also known as rubber powder, soil conservation agent, soil moisture conservation agent, water and soil conservation agent, rubber powder and the like) formed by high molecular polymerization. Belongs to an artificially synthesized high molecular long chain polymer, is colorless, and has no harm to the environment due to the fact that decomposed products are water and nitrogen. Because the composite material has stronger sedimentation and flocculation soil particles, a good aggregate structure is formed in the soil, so that the composite material forms an anti-scouring and anti-leakage carrier. The method is mainly used for greening spray seeding, tree planting and forestation and the like. The soil moisture evaporation control agent has the characteristics of preventing soil loss caused by surface runoff, improving soil permeability, preserving soil and fertilizer, relieving and regulating soil moisture evaporation and the like.
Silicone oils, generally colorless (or pale yellow), odorless, nontoxic (which has been found in recent years to be harmful to humans), nonvolatile liquids, which are insoluble in water, methanol, glycols and ethoxyethanol, and which are miscible with benzene, dimethyl ether, methyl ethyl ketone, carbon tetrachloride or kerosene, slightly soluble in acetone, dioxane, ethanol and butanol, have a very low vapor pressure, a relatively high flash and fire point, a relatively low freezing point, silicone oils have excellent heat resistance, electrical insulation, weather resistance, hydrophobicity, physiological inertia and a relatively low surface tension, and furthermore have a low viscosity-temperature coefficient, relatively high compression resistance, and some varieties have radiation resistance, and are used: there are various viscosities. Has higher heat resistance, water resistance, electrical insulation and lower surface tension.
Foaming agents are substances that make the object substance pore, and can be classified into three categories, chemical foaming agents and physical foaming agents, and surfactants. The chemical foaming agent is a compound which can release gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen and the like after being heated and decomposed and form pores in the polymer composition; the physical foaming agent is a compound formed by changing the physical form of a certain substance, namely expansion of compressed gas, volatilization of liquid or dissolution of solid, and is beneficial to nutrition release of the ecological composite material.
An initiator is a substance that initiates the polymerization of a monomer. The unsaturated monomer has free radical type, anionic type, cationic type, coordination compound and the like as polymerization active centers, and the most used free radical type in the adhesive industry at present shows unique chemical activity, and covalent bond homolysis occurs under the action of heat or light to generate two free radicals, so that polymerization reaction can be initiated. Facilitating adhesion between materials.
The montmorillonite can expand several times after adding water, becomes paste, and shrink after being dehydrated by heating, has strong adsorption capacity and cation exchange performance, and is beneficial to nutrition release.
Polyacrylamide is a linear high molecular polymer. The glass-state solid is hard at normal temperature, and the products include glue solution, latex, white powder particles, translucent beads, flakes and the like. The thermal stability is good. Can be dissolved in water in any proportion, and the aqueous solution is uniform and transparent liquid. After long-term storage, the solution viscosity is reduced due to slow degradation of the polymer, which is favorable for adhesion of montmorillonite on the particle surface.
As shown in FIG. 1, the preparation of the consolidated plant ecological composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the soil fertilizer, the soil adhesive, the silicone oil, the foaming agent, the initiator and the mixture into a stirring kettle I for mixing to obtain a mixture A; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle I are as follows: the temperature was 35℃and the rotational speed was 960rr/min for 10 minutes.
(2) And transferring the mixture A into a granulator, and granulating by adding water to obtain the granular material A.
(3) Transferring the granular material A into a stirring kettle II, and adding polyacrylamide into the stirring kettle II for mixing to obtain a granular material B; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle II are as follows: the temperature was 35℃and the rotational speed was 960rr/min for 10 minutes.
(4) Putting montmorillonite into a stirring kettle II to enable the montmorillonite to adhere to the surface of the granular material B, and obtaining the granular material C.
(5) And transferring the granular material C into a dryer for drying, wherein the dryer is set with the following conditions: the temperature is 80 ℃ and the time is 1 hour, and the finished ecological composite material is obtained.
Example 2
The embodiment of the invention provides a consolidated plant ecological composite material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 45 parts of soil fertilizer, 15 parts of soil adhesive, 7 parts of silicone oil, 7 parts of foaming agent, 7 parts of initiator, 12 parts of montmorillonite, 13 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
The preparation method of the consolidated plant ecological composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the soil fertilizer, the soil adhesive, the silicone oil, the foaming agent, the initiator and the mixture into a stirring kettle I for mixing to obtain a mixture A; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle I are as follows: the temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1100r/min, and the time is 20 minutes.
(2) And transferring the mixture A into a granulator, and granulating by adding water to obtain the granular material A.
(3) Transferring the granular material A into a stirring kettle II, and adding polyacrylamide into the stirring kettle II for mixing to obtain a granular material B; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle II are as follows: the temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1100r/min, and the time is 20 minutes.
(4) Putting montmorillonite into a stirring kettle II to enable the montmorillonite to adhere to the surface of the granular material B, and obtaining the granular material C.
(5) And transferring the granular material C into a dryer for drying, wherein the dryer is set with the following conditions: the temperature is 85 ℃ and the time is 1.5 hours, and the finished ecological composite material is obtained.
Example 3
The embodiment of the invention provides a consolidated plant ecological composite material, which comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of soil fertilizer, 20 parts of soil adhesive, 8 parts of silicone oil, 8 parts of foaming agent, 8 parts of initiator, 15 parts of montmorillonite, 15 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water.
The preparation method of the consolidated plant ecological composite material comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the soil fertilizer, the soil adhesive, the silicone oil, the foaming agent, the initiator and the mixture into a stirring kettle I for mixing to obtain a mixture A; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle I are as follows: the temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1300rr/min, and the time is 30 minutes.
(2) And transferring the mixture A into a granulator, and granulating by adding water to obtain the granular material A.
(3) Transferring the granular material A into a stirring kettle II, and adding polyacrylamide into the stirring kettle II for mixing to obtain a granular material B; the setting conditions of the stirring kettle II are as follows: the temperature is 40 ℃, the rotating speed is 1300rr/min, and the time is 30 minutes.
(4) Putting montmorillonite into a stirring kettle II to enable the montmorillonite to adhere to the surface of the granular material B, and obtaining the granular material C.
(5) And transferring the granular material C into a dryer for drying, wherein the dryer is set with the following conditions: the temperature is 90 ℃ and the time is 2 hours, and the finished ecological composite material is obtained.
In the examples 1 to 3, the compositions are shown in the following table:
| example 1 (parts) | Example 2 (parts) | Example 3 (parts) | |
| Soil fertilizer | 40 | 45 | 50 |
| Soil binder | 10 | 15 | 20 |
| Silicone oil | 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Foaming agent | 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Initiator(s) | 5 | 7 | 8 |
| Montmorillonite | 10 | 12 | 15 |
| Polyacrylamide | 10 | 13 | 15 |
| Water and its preparation method | Proper amount of | Proper amount of | Proper amount of |
Compared with the existing materials, the consolidated plant ecological composite material provided by the invention is prepared into particles by using components such as soil fertilizers, soil adhesives, foaming agents, montmorillonite and polyacrylamide, the soil fertilizers, the soil adhesives and the foaming agents are wrapped by the montmorillonite, so that nutrients are released underground, the soil particles are wrapped by infiltration, the soil particles have cohesiveness and water retention, the consolidated plant ecological material is automatically dehydrated in a dry state, and the soil is in a loose state and has air permeability and water permeability and wind erosion resistance (wind blowing is not scattered and dust is not generated); when meeting water, the solidified plant ecological material and water molecules automatically polymerize, soil is solidified into a whole, the compressive strength of the composite structure body can reach 5.6MPa, the splitting strength can reach 0.56MPa, the soil body has good scouring resistance, the scouring resistance flow rate can reach 1.12m/min, meanwhile, the soil body has permeability control property, rapid growth conditions can be created for vegetation, a local good plant ecological environment of a slope is formed, and the ecological chain system is induced to be established, so that the aim of ecological natural circulation is fulfilled.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications may be made to the embodiments described, or equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements or changes may be made without departing from the spirit and principles of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. The preparation method of the consolidated plant ecological composite material is characterized in that the ecological composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40-50 parts of soil fertilizer, 10-20 parts of soil adhesive, 5-8 parts of silicone oil, 5-8 parts of foaming agent, 5-8 parts of initiator, 10-15 parts of montmorillonite, 10-15 parts of polyacrylamide and a proper amount of water, and the preparation steps are as follows:
s1, adding a soil fertilizer, a soil adhesive, silicone oil, a foaming agent, an initiator into a first stirring kettle to be mixed to obtain a mixture A, wherein the first stirring kettle is provided with the following setting conditions: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the rotating speed is 960r-1300r/min, and the time is 10-30 minutes;
s2, transferring the mixture A into a granulator, and granulating by adding water to obtain a granular material A;
s3, transferring the granular material A into a second stirring kettle, and adding polyacrylamide into the second stirring kettle for mixing to obtain a granular material B, wherein the second stirring kettle is provided with the following setting conditions: the temperature is 35-45 ℃, the rotating speed is 960r-1300r/min, and the time is 10-30 minutes;
s4, putting montmorillonite into the stirring kettle II so that the montmorillonite is adhered to the surface of the granular material B to obtain a granular material C;
s5, transferring the granular material C into a dryer for drying to obtain an ecological composite material finished product.
2. The method of manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the conditions set by the dryer are as follows: the temperature is 80-90 ℃ and the time is 1-2 hours.
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