CN115247239A - Aluminum alloy strip for power battery shell and production method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy strip for power battery shell and production method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115247239A CN115247239A CN202111657013.2A CN202111657013A CN115247239A CN 115247239 A CN115247239 A CN 115247239A CN 202111657013 A CN202111657013 A CN 202111657013A CN 115247239 A CN115247239 A CN 115247239A
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 105
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 80
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005097 cold rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010731 rolling oil Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 abstract description 43
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 26
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910018575 Al—Ti Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910018084 Al-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018131 Al-Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018125 Al-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018182 Al—Cu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018192 Al—Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018461 Al—Mn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910018520 Al—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynechromium Chemical compound [Al].[Cr] QQHSIRTYSFLSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052746 lanthanum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001953 recrystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003562 lightweight material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/026—Alloys based on aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
- C22C1/03—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/06—Making non-ferrous alloys with the use of special agents for refining or deoxidising
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/10—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings
- H01M50/116—Primary casings; Jackets or wrappings characterised by the material
- H01M50/117—Inorganic material
- H01M50/119—Metals
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy strip production, and discloses an aluminum alloy strip for producing a power battery shell in a cast-rolling process and a production method thereof, wherein the alloy cost is saved by early-stage component adjustment, the homogenization annealing is shifted to the first cold rolling, and the first cold rolling reduction rate is 40-60%; secondly, after further cold rolling, secondary homogenizing annealing is carried out, and the grain size is further optimized; then further cold rolling is carried out after secondary homogenization annealing until the target thickness is reached; and after cold rolling to the target thickness, finally carrying out finished product annealing. By adopting reasonable component design and adding a certain amount of rare earth elements as a modifier, the content and size of impurities in molten aluminum are reduced, and the uniformity of matrix grains is ensured by two-step annealing and cold rolling processes, so that the aluminum alloy for the shell of the power battery has better performance, and the produced aluminum alloy for the shell of the power battery has the advantages of high strength, good deep drawing performance, low cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy strip production, and particularly relates to an aluminum alloy strip for producing a power battery shell in a casting and rolling process and a production method thereof.
Background
At present, the new energy automobile industry in China is developed at a high speed, and since 2018, the new energy automobile output and sale quantity continuously occupies the first major country of global new energy automobile output and sale for three years, and the new energy automobile sale quantity accounts for about 50% of the world. The new energy automobile has the functions of improving the endurance mileage, saving energy, reducing emission and the like due to light weight, is one of the core technologies of the automobile, is also the core competitiveness of the new energy automobile, and the application of the light weight material is the important importance of the light weight of the new energy automobile. With the rapid development of new energy automobiles, materials for power battery shells face a series of new technological breakthroughs and major development opportunities. The special performance and the operating environment of the power battery put higher requirements on the strength and the performance of the battery shell. The material for the power battery shell further requires to reduce the material cost on the premise of increasing the volume of the battery and reducing the thickness of the shell, and has excellent high-temperature creep resistance and good cold processing performances such as formability, deep drawing performance and the like. The aluminum alloy material has the characteristics of small density, excellent corrosion resistance, good heat dissipation, moderate weldability, moderate strength, good deep drawing performance and the like, meets the requirement of light weight of power battery materials, and can be used for manufacturing and producing shells of new energy automobile power batteries in large quantities.
Although the existing national standard (GB/T33824-2017) for the aluminum alloy for the power battery case is strictly in accordance with the corresponding performance requirements of the aluminum alloy with the same grade, and performance indexes such as earing ratio, cup crown value and the like are increased, the special application environment of the power battery puts forward higher requirements on formability, deep drawing performance and the like, and processes such as component design, cast rolling, cold rolling, annealing and the like of the aluminum alloy for the power battery case must be redesigned and developed to meet the performance requirements of the aluminum alloy for the power battery case under the current new trend.
The conventional power battery shell generally adopts 3003 aluminum alloy and has good electric conductivity, heat conductivity, corrosion resistance and easy processing performance. The existing 3003 aluminum alloy is mostly produced by a hot rolling process, so that the defects of long production period, complex production process, high cost and the like of the 3003 aluminum alloy for the battery shell are caused. The casting and rolling process has different heat history from the traditional continuous casting and hot rolling process, and the casting and rolling process is one-step forming of aluminum plate strip casting and hot rolling. Therefore, when the aluminum plate strip is produced by adopting a casting and rolling process, the product has high impurity content, high pinhole rate and porosity, uneven grain size and poor deep drawing performance.
In order to solve the problems, in the prior art, CN108642353A, an aluminum alloy for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof, disclose an aluminum alloy for an automobile engine, which is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: mg:0.02 to 0.08%, ti:0.12 to 0.2%, V:0.12 to 0.2%, zr:0.1 to 0.2%, cu:2.5 to 3.2%, cr:0.1 to 0.18%, si:0.1 to 0.15%, ni: 0.1-0.15%, cd:0.06 to 0.12%, sr:0.02 to 0.06%, la:0.08 to 0.15%, ce:0.05 to 0.12 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, weighing metal materials according to mass fraction, adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, adding the rest metal materials for smelting, and performing casting and extrusion forming to obtain an ingot;
s2, carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
In S1, firstly adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, melting at 785-795 ℃, then adding the rest metal material, smelting at 815-825 ℃ for 1-1.5 h, and obtaining an ingot through casting and extrusion molding.
In S1, firstly adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, smelting at 788-792 ℃, then adding the rest metal material, smelting at 818-822 ℃ for 1.2-1.4 h, and obtaining the ingot through pouring and extrusion molding.
S2, placing the cast ingot at 220-240 ℃ for heat preservation for 2-3 h, heating to 330-350 ℃ for heat preservation for 1-1.5 h, then cooling to room temperature by water, standing for 1-1.5 h, then keeping the temperature at-140-135 ℃ for 3-5 min, then heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, standing for 4-5 h, and then standing for 1-1.5 h in a water bath at 70-80 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
And S2, placing the cast ingot at 225-235 ℃ for heat preservation for 2.2-2.8 h, heating to 335-345 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.2-1.4 h, cooling to room temperature by water, standing for 1.2-1.4 h, then keeping the temperature at-138-136 ℃ for 3.5-4.5 min, heating to room temperature at the heating rate of 1-2 ℃/min, standing for 4.2-4.8 h, and standing for 1.2-1.4 h in a water bath at 72-78 ℃ to obtain the aluminum alloy for the automobile engine.
The prior art II CN 108642354A-a high temperature and corrosion resistant aluminum alloy section bar for an automobile engine and a preparation method thereof-1. The high temperature and corrosion resistant aluminum alloy section bar for the automobile engine is characterized by comprising an aluminum alloy matrix and a coating coated on the surface of the aluminum alloy matrix, wherein the aluminum alloy matrix comprises the following components in percentage by mass: cu:2.5 to 3.5%, mn:0.32 to 0.56%, cr:0.3 to 0.4%, zr:0.12 to 0.22%, B:0.1 to 0.2%, be:0.08 to 0.15%, mg:0.1 to 0.2%, zn:0.1 to 0.2%, si:0.25 to 0.4%, fe:0.1 to 0.25%, ti:0.12 to 0.28%, ni:0.08 to 0.15%, V:0.05 to 0.15%, la:0.08 to 0.14%, eu:0.02 to 0.08 percent, er:0.06 to 0.12 percent, and the balance of Al and inevitable impurities.
In the aluminum alloy matrix, the mass fractions of Cu, zr and La satisfy the following relational expression: 0.5 xwCu +0.8 xwZr + wLa of more than or equal to 1.55 percent and less than or equal to 1.90 percent, wherein wCu, wZr and wLa are the mass fractions of Cu, zr and La respectively.
In the aluminum alloy matrix, the mass fractions of Cu, mn and Cr satisfy the following relational expression: 0.3% or more of wCu, wMn and wCr or less than 0.5%, wherein wCu, wMn and wCr are mass fractions of Cu, mn and Cr respectively.
The coating comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 25 to 40 parts of TiC, 15 to 25 parts of NiO and 10 to 20 parts of TiO2.
The preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section for the automobile engine is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace for melting, then adding the rest raw materials into the smelting furnace for melting, pouring after detecting the content of each component, and carrying out extrusion forming to obtain an ingot;
s2, carrying out heat treatment on the cast ingot to obtain an aluminum alloy matrix;
s3, cleaning and preheating the aluminum alloy matrix, carrying out plasma cladding to obtain a coated aluminum alloy matrix, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section for the automobile engine.
In S1, adding an aluminum ingot into a smelting furnace, heating to 765-800 ℃ to melt the aluminum ingot, adding the rest raw materials into the smelting furnace to melt, detecting the content of each component, cooling to 560-575 ℃, pouring, and carrying out extrusion molding to obtain an ingot.
And S2, placing the ingot at 290-310 ℃ for heat preservation for 1.5-2.5 h, then heating to 400-420 ℃ for heat preservation for 3-3.5 h, then cooling to 180-200 ℃, preserving heat for 0.5-1 h, cooling to room temperature by water, and standing for 2-3 h to obtain the aluminum alloy matrix.
And S3, cleaning the aluminum alloy matrix, preheating to 80-100 ℃, carrying out plasma cladding to obtain a coated aluminum alloy matrix, then placing the coated aluminum alloy matrix at 140-155 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 3.5-4 h, then heating to 190-210 ℃, carrying out heat preservation for 0.5-1 h, and then carrying out air cooling to room temperature to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and corrosion-resistant aluminum alloy section for the automobile engine.
Three CN 103966487A-production process of special aluminum alloy cast rod used for forging automobile aluminum alloy wheel hub-discloses a production process of special aluminum alloy cast rod used for forging automobile aluminum alloy wheel hub, which is characterized in that: the composition and the weight percentage thereof are as follows:
0.20 to 0.30 percent of Cu0.20 to 0.25 percent of Fe0.20, 0.90 to 1.20 percent of Mg0.70 to 0.80 percent of Si0.06 to 0.10 percent of Mn, 0.15 to 0.22 percent of Cr0.15, 0.02 percent of Ti0.02 percent of Zn or less 0.05 percent of Al-Cu master alloy 0.50 to 0.75 percent of Al-Fe master alloy 2.00 to 2.50 percent of Al-Si master alloy 3.50 to 4.00 percent of Al-Mn master alloy 0.60 to 1.00 percent of Al-Cr master alloy 3.00 to 4.40 percent of Al-Ti master alloy 0.20 percent of Al and the balance of Al;
the Al-Cu intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with the Cu content of 40%;
the Al-Fe intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with 10 percent of Fe content;
the Al-Si intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with the Si content of 20%;
the Al-Mn intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with 10% of Mn content;
the Al-Cr intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with 5% of Cr content;
the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is an intermediate alloy with 10 percent of Ti content;
the preparation method of the aluminum alloy cast rod comprises the following steps:
(1) Smelting of
Placing the composition Al, cu, fe, si, mn, cr, ti, zn, al-Cu intermediate alloy, al-Fe intermediate alloy, al-Si intermediate alloy, al-Mn intermediate alloy, al-Cr intermediate alloy and Al-Ti intermediate alloy into a smelting furnace according to the weight ratio, and placing the intermediate alloy on an original aluminum ingot when adding the intermediate alloy; after all the raw materials are smelted and melted, adding 0.90-1.20% of Mg, uniformly stirring the melt in the furnace by using stirring equipment, and then removing slag by using a metallurgical slag removal device to prepare an aluminum alloy melt;
(2) Refining and standing
Introducing the aluminum alloy melt in the smelting furnace into a standing furnace, and spraying No. 2 flux powder into the aluminum alloy melt by using argon or nitrogen for refining, wherein the addition amount of the No. 2 flux powder is 1.5 per mill of the weight of the aluminum alloy melt; then refining for 30 minutes by using argon or nitrogen, and simultaneously adding Al-Ti-B fuse raw materials into the standing furnace, wherein the adding weight ratio of the Al-Ti-B fuse raw materials is 1.7 per mill of the weight of the aluminum alloy melt; after the refining process is finished, carrying out slag removal treatment on the aluminum alloy melt by using a metallurgical slag removal device;
the No. 2 flux powder is formed by mixing a composition of KCl 32-40 wt%, naCl less than or equal to 8 wt%, caCl2 less than or equal to 8 wt%, mgCl 238-46 wt% and BaCl 25-8 wt%;
(3) Casting and forming
Standing the refined aluminum alloy melt in a standing furnace for 30min, and keeping the temperature in the standing furnace between 735 ℃ and 745 ℃; then casting and molding the aluminum alloy melt by a hot-top casting machine to prepare an aluminum alloy cast rod; and then the aluminum alloy cast rod is subjected to homogenization annealing and cooling procedures to obtain the special aluminum alloy cast rod for forging the aluminum alloy hub of the automobile.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows:
(1) The 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell further requires to reduce the material cost on the premise of increasing the volume and reducing the thickness of the shell of the battery, and has excellent high-temperature creep resistance and good cold processing performances such as formability, deep drawing performance and the like. In general, in order to ensure the performance of the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell, continuous casting and hot rolling processes are adopted for production, so that the production process of the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell is complex, the production period is long, and the production cost is high.
(2) The casting and rolling process adopts aluminum alloy casting and rolling for one-step forming, so that the defects of large inclusion content, high pinhole rate and porosity, uneven grain size, poor deep drawing performance and the like of a cast-rolled plate blank product are caused, and the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell is limited to be produced by adopting the casting and rolling process;
(3) The 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell has higher requirements on strength, deep drawing performance, earing rate, cup crown value and the like than the common 3003 aluminum alloy, so that the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell has higher alloy cost than the common 3003 aluminum alloy in the aspects of alloy addition amount and the like, and the alloy cost of the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell is higher.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell has high requirements on high-temperature creep resistance, formability and deep drawing performance, but the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell produced by the cast-rolling process has low yield and many product defects due to inherent defects of the cast-rolling process. Therefore, the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell is very difficult to produce in large batches by adopting the cast-rolling process, the existing production process after cast rolling needs to be improved, the original secondary cold rolling is changed into the tertiary cold rolling, the corresponding annealing process is matched, the components of the alloy are redesigned on the basis, and the rare earth element is added to further optimize the 3003 structure and improve the comprehensive performance of the alloy.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: by adopting the method, the comprehensive performance and the yield of the aluminum alloy 3003 for producing the power battery shell in the casting and rolling process can be greatly improved, the production process of the 3003 is more stable, and the defects of unmatched performance requirements and production process, low yield, high cost and the like in the process of producing the aluminum alloy 3003 for the power battery shell in the casting and rolling process can be effectively overcome.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip for a power battery shell by a casting and rolling process.
The invention is realized in such a way that the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell comprises the following components:
fe:0.3% -0.5%, si: 0.1-0.2%, mn: 0.5-1%, mg:0.01 to 0.1 percent, cu: 0.1-0.2%, zn: 0.05-0.1%, ti:0.015% -0.3%, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent of aluminum for the rest.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip for power battery cases, comprising:
1) Proportioning raw materials according to the composition of the aluminum alloy;
2) Controlling the temperature according to the smelting temperature control requirement;
3) Al-5Ti-1B wire is adopted for on-line grain refinement;
4) Online degassing is carried out by adopting a nitrogen double-rotor degassing mode;
5) Filtering the aluminum liquid on line;
6) Producing a cast-rolling plate blank by adopting an aluminum alloy crystallizer, and polishing;
7) Carrying out primary cold rolling on the produced cast-rolled plate blank;
8) Carrying out primary homogenizing annealing after primary cold rolling;
9) Secondary cold rolling is carried out after primary homogenizing annealing;
10 ) secondary cold rolling, and then carrying out secondary homogenization annealing on the aluminum coil;
11 After the secondary annealing, the aluminum coil is cold-rolled to the thickness of the finished product, and the finished product annealing is carried out.
Further, in the step 2), the smelting temperature control requirement is as follows: the smelting temperature is 750 +/-15 ℃, the temperature of the pre-feeding material is more than 670 ℃, the temperature of the feeding material is 755 +/-15 ℃, the sampling temperature is 750 +/-15 ℃, the temperature of the powder spraying and refining is 750 +/-15 ℃, and the temperature of the converter turning is 750 +/-15 ℃.
Further, in the step 5), a domestic ceramic filter plate of 30ppi +50ppi is adopted for double-stage double-chamber filtration or an RB/RA tubular filter box is adopted for filtering the aluminum liquid.
Further, in the step 6), 60-100 # alumina sand paper and 200-400 # water grinding sand paper are adopted for vertical grinding, and no concave-convex hand feeling exists after grinding.
Further, in the step 7), the rolling speed of the primary cold rolling is 130-180 m/min, the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the rolling oil temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the primary cold rolling reduction rate is 40-50%.
Further, in the step 8), the temperature of the primary homogenizing annealing is 550-600 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
Further, in the step 9), the rolling speed of the secondary cold rolling is 180-200 m/min, the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the rolling oil temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the reduction rate of the secondary cold rolling is 30-40%.
Further, in the step 10), the annealing temperature of the secondary homogenizing annealing is 500-550 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
Further, in the step 11), the annealing temperature of the finished product is 400-480 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that:
the invention ensures the mechanical property of the aluminum plate through reasonable component design, and the aluminum liquid is purified in the smelting process by adding the rare earth element into the aluminum liquid, thereby greatly reducing the inclusion, pinhole rate and porosity in the cast rolling blank. Meanwhile, the cold rolling stage is divided into three parts, and primary cold rolling is adopted before homogenization annealing, so that strain accumulation is increased, and therefore, in the subsequent homogenization annealing process, recrystallization is more sufficient, and crystal grains are more uniform. Through three-stage cold rolling and two-time homogenization annealing, a recrystallization mechanism in the homogenization annealing process is fully utilized, the grain size is more uniform, and the deep drawing performance of the aluminum coil is greatly improved. By the method, the deep drawing performance r value of the aluminum alloy 3003 for the power battery shell is improved from about 0.3 to over 0.6, so that the method is suitable for a more complex forming process.
The low-cost 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell, which is produced according to the invention, has the advantages of high strength, good deep drawing performance, low cost and the like. The invention adds a fine grain strengthening mechanism through the improvement of rolling and annealing process on the basis of the original strong and plasticity mechanism, and controls the precipitation degree of precipitated particles in the precipitation strengthening process to improve the precipitation strengthening efficiency, and thirdly, the method provided by the invention can greatly improve the deep punching performance of the 3003 aluminum alloy for the power battery shell and meet the complex forming process. Therefore, the invention saves the alloy cost by adjusting the components at the early stage and creatively adjusts the components at the cold rolling and annealing stages. Firstly, after the homogenization annealing is moved to the primary cold rolling, the primary cold rolling reduction rate is 40-60%; secondly, after further cold rolling after homogenizing annealing, secondary homogenizing annealing is carried out, and the grain size is further optimized; thirdly, after the secondary homogenizing annealing, further performing cold rolling until the target thickness is reached; fourthly, after cold rolling to the target thickness, final product annealing is carried out to ensure the final performance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip for a power battery case by a cast rolling process according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the metallographic structure of the cast-rolled plate according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an effect diagram of a metallographic structure after initial cold rolling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the metallographic structure after uniform annealing according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the metallographic structure after the secondary cold rolling according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a diagram illustrating the effect of metallographic structure of the finished board according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and do not limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for producing an aluminum alloy strip for a power battery shell by a casting and rolling process, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for producing an aluminum alloy strip for a power battery case by a cast rolling process according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:
s101, proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy;
s102, controlling the temperature according to the smelting temperature control requirement;
s103, adopting Al-5Ti-1B wires to refine grains on line;
s104, performing online degassing in a nitrogen double-rotor degassing mode;
s105, filtering the aluminum liquid on line;
s106, producing a cast-rolling plate blank by adopting an aluminum alloy crystallizer, and polishing;
s107, carrying out primary cold rolling on the produced cast-rolled plate blank;
s108, performing primary homogenization annealing after primary cold rolling;
s109, secondary cold rolling is carried out after primary homogenization annealing;
s110, carrying out secondary homogenization annealing on the aluminum coil after secondary cold rolling;
and S111, after secondary annealing, cold-rolling the aluminum coil to the thickness of a finished product, and annealing the finished product.
The invention is further described below with reference to examples.
Example 1: the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.35%, si:0.15%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.05%, cu:0.15%, zn:0.07%, ti:0.025%, re:0.03 percent of aluminum for the rest;
after raw materials are smelted, molten aluminum is poured into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740-760 ℃, standing time is 50min, impurities in the molten aluminum are enabled to float upwards fully, and argon is used for purification treatment.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8.5mm, primary cold rolling to 4.5mm, homogenizing annealing temperature: 590 ℃, homogenization convection time: 20h, secondary cold rolling to 2.5mm, secondary homogenizing annealing temperature of 540 ℃, secondary homogenizing annealing time of 20h, and finished product thickness: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 18h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 110 | 60 | 38 | 3 | 0.65 |
Example 2:
proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.08%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07%, ti:0.028%, re:0.03 percent of aluminum for the rest;
after raw materials are smelted, molten aluminum is poured into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 760 ℃, standing time is 40min, impurities in the molten aluminum are enabled to float sufficiently, and argon is used for purification treatment.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, primary cold rolling to 4mm, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization ignition time: 20h, secondary cold rolling to 2.5mm, secondary homogenizing annealing temperature of 540 ℃, secondary homogenizing annealing time of 20h, and finished product thickness: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 130 | 65 | 35 | 4 | 0.63 |
Example 3:
proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.06%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07%, ti:0.02%, re:0.03 percent of aluminum for the rest;
after raw materials are smelted, pouring molten aluminum into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, wherein the standing time is 50min, so that impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and purifying by adopting argon.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, primary cold rolling to 4.5mm, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization fire time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 120 | 55 | 45 | 3 | 0.64 |
Comparative example 1: proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.15%, si:0.1%, mn:0.45%, mg:0.01%, cu:0.1%, zn:0.02%, ti:0%, re:0 percent.
After raw materials are smelted, pouring molten aluminum into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, wherein the standing time is 50min, so that impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and purifying by adopting argon.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, primary cold rolling to 4.5mm, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization fire time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 90 | 45 | 35 | 5 | 0.32 |
Comparative example 2: proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.5%, si:0.3%, mn:0.8%, mg:0.05%, cu:0.4%, zn:0.08%, ti:0.08%, re:0 percent of the total weight of the mixture,
after raw materials are smelted, molten aluminum is poured into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 780 ℃ for 50min, so that impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and argon is used for purification treatment.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, primary cold rolling to 4.5mm, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization fire time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 160 | 70 | 20 | 8 | 0.25 |
Comparative example 3:
the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.06%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07%, ti:0.02%, re:0.03 percent of aluminum for the rest;
after raw materials are smelted, molten aluminum is poured into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, standing time is 50min, impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and argon is used for purification treatment.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, no primary cold rolling, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization fire time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 120 | 55 | 40 | 6 | 0.4 |
Comparative example 4:
proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07%, the balance being aluminum;
after raw materials are smelted, pouring molten aluminum into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, wherein the standing time is 50min, so that impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and purifying by adopting argon.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, no primary cold rolling, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization ignition time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 80 | 45 | 40 | 6 | 0.5 |
Comparative example 5:
the aluminum alloy is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.06%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07% of the balance being aluminium;
after raw materials are smelted, pouring molten aluminum into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, wherein the standing time is 50min, so that impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and purifying by adopting argon.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, no primary cold rolling, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization fire time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 90 | 55 | 36 | 4 | 0.6 |
Comparative example 6:
proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy, wherein the weight ratio of Fe:0.45%, si:0.2%, mn:0.75%, mg:0.06%, cu:0.18%, zn:0.07%, ti:0.02% of the balance being aluminium;
after raw materials are smelted, molten aluminum is poured into a standing furnace at the smelting temperature of 740 ℃, standing time is 50min, impurities in the molten aluminum fully float upwards, and argon is used for purification treatment.
Thickness of cast-rolled blank: 8mm, no primary cold rolling, homogenizing annealing temperature: 580 ℃, homogenization ignition time: 20h, thickness of the finished product: 1.0mm, annealing temperature of finished product: the annealing time is 20h at 450 ℃.
| State of alloy | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Elongation (%) | Percentage of produced ear (%) | r value |
| 3003-O | 90 | 65 | 33 | 4 | 0.5 |
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
fe:0.3% -0.5%, si: 0.1-0.2%, mn:0.5% -1%, mg:0.01 to 0.1 percent, cu: 0.1-0.2%, zn: 0.05-0.1%, ti:0.015% -0.3%, re:0.1 to 0.3 percent of aluminum for the rest.
2. A production method for the aluminum alloy strip for power battery cases according to claim 1, characterized by comprising:
1) Proportioning raw materials according to the components of the aluminum alloy;
2) Controlling the temperature according to the smelting temperature control requirement;
3) Adopting Al-5Ti-1B wire to refine grains on line;
4) Online degassing is carried out by adopting a nitrogen double-rotor degassing mode;
5) Filtering the aluminum liquid on line;
6) Producing a cast-rolling plate blank by adopting an aluminum alloy crystallizer, and polishing;
7) Carrying out primary cold rolling on the produced cast-rolled plate blank;
8) Carrying out primary homogenizing annealing after primary cold rolling;
9) Secondary cold rolling is carried out after primary homogenizing annealing;
10 ) secondary cold rolling, and then carrying out secondary homogenization annealing on the aluminum coil;
11 After the secondary annealing, the aluminum coil is cold-rolled to the thickness of the finished product, and the finished product annealing is carried out.
3. The method for producing the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell in the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2), the smelting temperature control requirement is as follows: the smelting temperature is 750 +/-15 ℃, the temperature of the pre-feeding material is more than 670 ℃, the temperature of the feeding material is 755 +/-15 ℃, the sampling temperature is 750 +/-15 ℃, the temperature of the powder injection refining is 750 +/-15 ℃, and the temperature of the converter turning is 750 +/-15 ℃.
4. The method for producing the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell by the cast-rolling process as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), 30ppi +50ppi domestic ceramic filter plate is adopted for double-stage double-chamber filtration or RB/RA tubular filter box is adopted for filtering aluminum liquid.
5. The method for producing the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery case through the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 6), 60-100 # aluminum oxide abrasive paper and 200-400 # water grinding abrasive paper are adopted for vertical grinding, and no concave-convex hand feeling exists after grinding.
6. The production method of the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery case by the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 7), the rolling speed of the primary cold rolling is 130-180 m/min, the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the rolling oil temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the reduction rate of the primary cold rolling is 40-50%.
7. The production method of the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell in the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 8), the temperature of the primary homogenizing annealing is 550-600 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
8. The production method of the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery case by the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 9), the rolling speed of the secondary cold rolling is 180-200 m/min, the initial rolling temperature is less than or equal to 60 ℃, the rolling oil temperature is 35-45 ℃, and the reduction rate of the secondary cold rolling is 30-40%.
9. The method for producing the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery shell in the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 10), the annealing temperature of the secondary homogenization annealing is 500-550 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
10. The production method of the aluminum alloy strip for the power battery case by the cast-rolling process according to claim 1, wherein in the step 11), the annealing temperature of the finished product is 400-480 ℃, the temperature is kept for 15-30 h, and the annealing atmosphere is air.
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