CN115245149A - Silkworm breeding device and method - Google Patents
Silkworm breeding device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115245149A CN115245149A CN202211026873.0A CN202211026873A CN115245149A CN 115245149 A CN115245149 A CN 115245149A CN 202211026873 A CN202211026873 A CN 202211026873A CN 115245149 A CN115245149 A CN 115245149A
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- 235000008708 Morus alba Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- 240000000249 Morus alba Species 0.000 claims description 10
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Images
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a silkworm breeding device, which comprises: a culture frame; the edge of the cultivation plate is provided with a plurality of notches avoiding positioning pieces; the cultivation plate is at least provided with a hollow area, and the hollow area is provided with a covering layer made of flexible materials; the cocoon forming device comprises a cocoon forming disc, a plurality of cocoon forming columns and a plurality of conveying mechanisms, wherein the cocoon forming disc is provided with cocoon forming grids which are uniformly distributed and are vertically communicated, and the edges of the cocoon forming grids are provided with a plurality of vertical cocoon forming columns; the cocoon forming grids are positioned at or close to the side edges of the cocoon forming plate, and vertical guide columns are arranged at the edges of the cocoon forming grids. The invention also discloses a culture method using the silkworm culture clothes. The invention has the beneficial effect of comprehensively improving the silkworm feeding and cocooning efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a silkworm breeding device and a breeding method, and relates to the technical field of silkworm breeding.
Background
With the increase of the industrialization degree of silkworm breeding, more types of devices and tools are used in the silkworm breeding, cocooning and other links, and the design of the devices or tools basically aims at improving the silkworm breeding efficiency.
The patent application with the publication number of CN114653656A discloses a cultivation frame for industrial silkworm breeding, which comprises a frame body, wherein the side surface of the frame body is provided with a ventilation groove, and the cultivation frame is characterized in that: shelf clamping seats are symmetrically distributed in the frame body and comprise fixed supporting blocks and L-shaped clamping blocks, the L-shaped clamping blocks are arranged on the fixed supporting blocks, the fixed supporting blocks are arranged on a bottom plate of the frame body, and elastic arch bars are arranged on the inner sides of the L-shaped clamping blocks; the bottom of the fixed supporting block is provided with an extending part which penetrates out of the bottom plate of the frame body, and the bottom plate of the frame body is provided with air holes.
The cultivation frame has the following defects: the cultivation frame is only provided with the ventilation grooves on the side faces, so that the cultivation frame is general in ventilation effect. In addition, this breed side of frame is provided with the strengthening rib for improve structural strength and warp in order to avoid piling up easy pressurized behind the multilayer, nevertheless the strengthening rib that sets up etc. can weaken ventilative groove ventilation air's performance to a certain extent, thereby make the circulation of air effect become worse.
Patent application with publication number CN114073243A discloses a shelf convenient for stacking for cultivation, which comprises a plate body. The plate body is provided with a screen plate. Through set up the otter board on the plate body, the otter board is formed with raises the hole, and the silkworm of being convenient for climbs to this shelf through raising the hole from this shelf below to realize the self-transfer of silkworm, accomplish the change of silkworm environment of raising at this in-process, and made things convenient for the silkworm to transfer to the frame of raising of next age, solved the problem that the silkworm shifts.
The shelf has the following disadvantages: firstly, after the shelves are stacked, a certain spacing distance is needed between the two clapboards to provide a space for the silkworm to move, the small clearance is not favorable for the silkworm to move freely and can damage the silkworm, however, the large clearance of the clapboards can increase the difficulty of the silkworm climbing upwards, especially for young silkworms in the low age stage, the young silkworms cannot climb to the upper shelf, and thus the feeding and the growth of the silkworm are influenced.
The patent application with the publication number of CN210157875U discloses a tufting tool convenient for cocoon outlet, which comprises a frame, an installation plate and a tufting cage, wherein a tufting cage penetrating groove is formed in the installation plate, the tufting cage is fixedly installed on the tufting cage penetrating groove, and an ejection device is arranged at the bottom of the tufting cage; frame, mounting panel and cluster cage are the main part of this device cluster utensil, for ripe silkworm cocoons provide the space to can play the guard action to the silkworm cocoon that produces.
The cluster has the following disadvantages: each cluster cage only allows a single silkworm to form a cocooning space, so that a competition mechanism exists when the silkworm climbs into the cluster cage, and the cocooning efficiency of the silkworm is greatly influenced. In addition, in general, ecdysone or the like is added to the silkworm before the silkworm cocoons to catalyze the cocoons, and in this case, the silkworm which needs to move and climb to the edge position tuft cage may be cocooned in advance, and the subsequent collection of the silkworm cocoons is affected.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silkworm breeding device and a silkworm breeding method, which comprehensively improve the silkworm breeding and cocooning efficiency.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A silkworm breeding device comprising:
the cultivation frame comprises a bottom plate and four fence plates which jointly form a rectangular enclosure; a plurality of vertical positioning pieces are arranged on the bottom plate of the bottom plate and positioned at the edge of the bottom plate;
the cultivation plates are arranged in the cultivation frame and stacked in multiple layers, and a plurality of notches avoiding the positioning pieces are formed in the edges of the cultivation plates; the cultivation plate is at least provided with a hollow area, and the hollow area is provided with a covering layer made of flexible materials; holes for the silkworm to climb are laid on the covering layer; the covering layer is used for placing the feeding paste, and the part for placing the feeding paste is downwards collapsed by weight to form a feeding area;
the cocoon forming tray is arranged in the culture frame, and the bottom edge of the cocoon forming tray is supported at the top of the positioning piece; the cocoon forming tray is provided with cocoon forming grids which are uniformly distributed and are vertically communicated, and the edges of the cocoon forming grids are provided with a plurality of vertical cocoon forming columns; the edge of the cocooning grid positioned at or close to the side edge of the cocooning tray is provided with a vertical inducing column, a core body made of water-absorbing materials and soaked in mulberry leaf water is embedded in the inducing column, and the inducing column is provided with a plurality of air holes communicated with the core body and used for emitting smell for inducing silkworm.
As a further improvement of the invention, the covering layer is a woven net, and the meshes of the woven net form the holes for the silkworms to climb.
As a further improvement of the invention, the mesh is made of nylon.
As a further improvement of the invention, the edge part of the covering layer is fixed on the top surface of the cultivation plate, and the other part covers the hollow area.
As a further improvement of the invention, the induction column is internally provided with an embedded channel, and the embedded channel forms an opening at the top of the induction column; the air holes are communicated with the embedded channels, and openings are formed in the side faces of the induction columns; the core body is of a columnar structure and is inserted into the embedded channel.
As a further improvement of the invention, the top end of the inducing guide post is provided with an extrusion rod which is inserted in the embedded channel in a sliding manner, and the extrusion rod can slide along the embedded channel and is used for extruding the core body.
As a further improvement of the invention, the extrusion rod is provided with a stopping structure which can be abutted against the top of the guide pillar for limiting the downward sliding distance of the extrusion rod.
As a further improvement of the invention, the induction column comprises a base column with the bottom end arranged on the edge of the cocooning grid and a connecting column detachably connected to the top end of the base column; the core body is arranged on the connecting column.
As a further improvement of the invention, the cultivation frame is provided with a plurality of cultivation frames and stacked into a plurality of layers; the top edge of the fence plate is provided with a bearing plate which is bent outwards; the bottom surface of bottom plate is equipped with a plurality ofly at the edge and breeds the supporting seat that the frame spaced apart and form the transom with adjacent layer, the bottom of supporting seat has the backup pad that supports on the loading board of frame is bred to the next layer, have protruding formation and inlay card in the first location card angle on the fence inboard wall of frame is bred to the next layer on the bottom surface of backup pad.
A silkworm breeding method comprises the following steps:
s1: placing a first culture plate on a bottom plate of a culture frame, and aligning a notch at the edge of the first culture plate with a positioning piece on the bottom plate;
s2: coating a culture paste material on the covering layer of the first culture plate, and putting 1-instar silkworm on the food material on the covering layer;
s3: stacking a second cultivation plate on the first cultivation plate, and aligning the notch at the edge of the second cultivation plate with the positioning piece on the bottom plate;
s4: coating the culture paste on the covering layer of the second culture plate, so that the silkworm on the first culture plate can climb to the food on the covering layer of the second culture plate through the hole on the second culture plate;
s5: removing the first culture plate, stacking the third culture plate on the second culture plate, repeating S3-S4 until the silkworm grows to 5-year-old silkworm, and adding components for promoting silkworm cocooning into the culture paste material coated on the covering layer of the last culture plate;
s6: preparing a cocooning disc, and soaking the inner core body of the inducing guide post in mulberry leaf water;
s7: and supporting the bottom edge of the cocooning disc at the top of the positioning piece, so that the induction columns induce 5-year-old silkworms to be diffused and distributed, and climb and cover cocooning grids in the cocooning disc to perform spinning and cocooning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the silkworm is induced to move and diffuse around rapidly before climbing the cocooning tray by arranging the inducing guide columns on the cocooning grids at the edge position of the cocooning tray, so that the distribution of the silkworms is matched with the coverage range of the cocooning tray, the climbing competition of the silkworms is reduced, and the cocooning efficiency is improved; in addition, the silkworm cocooning before climbing to the cocooning grid can be avoided, and the related processing procedures of silkworm cocoon collection can be facilitated.
Drawings
The preferred embodiments of the present invention will hereinafter be described in detail to facilitate understanding of the objects and advantages of the invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is an exploded view of a silkworm breeding apparatus;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a silkworm breeding carrier formed by stacking a plurality of layers of breeding frames;
FIG. 3 is a first schematic structural view of a cultivation frame;
FIG. 4 is a second schematic structural view of the cultivation frame;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the cultivation frame;
FIG. 6 is a schematic top view of a habitat plate;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the cultivation plate after the cultivation paste is placed thereon;
FIG. 8 is a schematic top view of a cocoon plate;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a partial structure of a cocoon plate;
fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an induction column.
Detailed Description
The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings and exemplary embodiments.
The terms of orientation of up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, and the like as referred to or as may be referred to in this specification are defined with respect to the configuration shown in the drawings, and the terms "inner" and "outer" refer to directions toward and away from the geometric center of a particular component and are relative terms, and thus may be changed accordingly depending on the position and the state of use of the particular component. Therefore, these and other directional terms should not be construed as limiting terms.
Referring to fig. 1, a silkworm breeding apparatus includes: a culture frame 1, a culture plate 2 and a cocooning plate 3. The cultivation frame 1 is a tool carried by the cultivation plate 2 and the cocooning disc 3, the cultivation plate 2 is used for feeding the silkworm, a plurality of cultivation plates are used in use, generally 3-5 cultivation plates are used, the cultivation plates are stacked in the cultivation frame 1, all the cultivation plates can be stacked in the cultivation frame 1, the used cultivation plates 2 can be drawn out from the cultivation frame 1, and only 2 layers are reserved in the cultivation frame 1. The cocoon forming plate 3 is used for silkworm cocooning and is placed at the uppermost part in the culture frame 1, namely, above the culture plates 2 stacked in multiple layers.
One cultivation frame 1 is used for cultivating one cage of silkworm, and in the application process of actual cultivation of silkworm, a plurality of cultivation frames 1 are usually stacked for multi-cage cultivation of silkworm, so that a high-efficiency industrial silkworm cultivation mode is realized.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the cultivation frame 1 stacked in multiple layers constitutes a cultivation carrier for silkworm, the cultivation frame 1 includes a bottom plate 11, four enclosure boards 12 which together form a rectangular enclosure, and the width of the enclosure boards 12 defines a loading space in the cultivation frame 1, that is, the number of layers of the cultivation boards 2 which can be stacked in the cultivation frame 1. The top edge of the fence plate 12 is provided with a bearing plate 13 formed by bending outwards, and the bearing plate 13 is in a rectangular edge strip structure in a top view. The bottom surface of the bottom plate 11 is provided with a plurality of supporting seats 14 at the edge, under the condition that the multi-layer cultivation frame 1 is stacked to form a cultivation carrier, the supporting seats 14 separate the two adjacent layers of cultivation frames 1, and form a ventilation window 1-A for ventilating the silkworm in the cultivation frame 1, the ventilation window 1-A is a fully-open window with a through circumferential direction, and a good ventilation effect can be achieved.
The bottom of the supporting base 14 has a supporting plate 141, and the supporting plate 141 is used for supporting on the bearing plate 13 of the next cultivation frame 1. Due to the arrangement of the supporting seat 14, the actual contact part of the two adjacent layers of the cultivation frames 1 is less, so that the width of the top end of the fence plate 12 is actually increased by the carrying plate 13 formed by bending the top end of the fence plate 12, the contact area is increased, and a more stable supporting effect is obtained. The bottom surface of the supporting plate 141 is provided with a first positioning clamping angle 142 formed in a protruding mode, and the first positioning clamping angle 142 is clamped and embedded on the inner wall of the fence plate 12 of the next layer of the cultivation frame 1, so that the positioning effect between layers is achieved, and the situation that the cultivation carrier is inclined is avoided.
In this embodiment, the supporting seats 14 are disposed at four corners of the bottom surface of the bottom plate 11, and depending on the specific specification and size of the cultivation frame 1, the supporting seats 14 may be additionally disposed at other positions on the edge of the bottom plate 11.
The fence board 12 is inclined and inclined outwards from the bottom edge to the top edge, so that the inner circumference of the fence board 12 is gradually reduced from top to bottom. The first positioning clamping angle 142 is obliquely arranged on the surface for clamping and embedding the inner wall of the fence board 12 and is basically attached to the inner wall of the fence board 12. In the process of stacking the cultivation frame 1 on the current layer on the next layer, the first positioning clamp angle 142 can fall into the range surrounded by the top of the fence plate 12 of the next layer cultivation frame 1, and the first positioning clamp angle 142 can not contact with the fence plate 12, so that the current layer cultivation frame 1 is prevented from being clamped when being inclined in the horizontal direction, and the first positioning clamp angle 142 and the fence plate 12 are prevented from always keeping in contact to generate friction force when being stacked. When frame 1 was bred to the breed frame 1 of current layer folds completely at next layer, just on the inner wall of attaching the fence board 12 of first location card angle 142 to the position that will breed frame 1 at current layer locks completely.
The enclosure board 12 is provided with a plurality of ventilation grooves 1-B which are communicated from inside to outside, the mulberry silkworm breeding carrier takes the ventilation window 1-A between two adjacent layers of breeding frames 1 as a main ventilation channel, and the ventilation groove 1-B on the enclosure board 12 of each layer of breeding frame 1 as an auxiliary ventilation channel, so that a perfect ventilation and air exchange mechanism with excellent effect is formed.
When the number of layers of the silkworm breeding carrier is high, the breeding frame 1 positioned at the middle and lower layers is heavier in load, and the supporting seat 14 separates the breeding frames 1 at the adjacent layers, so that the situation that the fence board 12 is bent under pressure is particularly easy to occur. Therefore, the outer wall of the fence plate 12 is provided with at least one fence transverse reinforcing rib 121 and a plurality of fence vertical reinforcing ribs 122 which are spaced from each other and intersect with the fence transverse reinforcing rib 121, and the upper end and the lower end of the fence vertical reinforcing rib 122 are respectively connected with the supporting plate 141 and the part of the bottom plate 11 outside the fence plate 12, so that the structural strength of the fence plate 12 is enhanced, and the fence plate has better load performance to avoid bending.
The central portion of the fence panel 12 is the most flexible and deformable portion and therefore the structural strength of this portion needs additional reinforcement. The middle part of the outer wall of the fence plate 12 is provided with a plurality of fence oblique reinforcing ribs 123, and the fence oblique reinforcing ribs 123 intersect with the fence transverse reinforcing ribs 121 and the fence vertical reinforcing ribs 122. Obviously, the provision of said diagonal rail reinforcement 123 results in the partial blockage of the ventilation slots 1-B in the central portion of the fence panel 12, but since the ventilation windows 1-a are the main ventilation channels, the ventilation performance of the ventilation slots 1-B in the central portion of the fence panel 12 is slightly impaired and not sufficiently affected.
In addition, if the number of layers of the mulberry silkworm breeding carrier is small, and the number of the mulberry silkworms bred in the breeding frame 1 is small, the performance of the mulberry silkworm breeding carrier for ventilation is relatively low, and at the moment, the support seat 14 is not arranged at the bottom of the breeding frame 1. The laminating of the top surface of supporting seat 14 is in the bottom surface of bottom plate 11 to the top surface of supporting seat 14 extends there is the mounting panel of laminating on bottom plate 11 bottom surface, be equipped with on the mounting panel and run through the mounting panel and insert and establish the detachable fastener of fixing on bottom plate 11 bottom surface, make supporting seat 14 can dismantle with breed frame 1 and connect, the nimble use of selecting of being convenient for.
Have protruding second locator card angle 111 that forms on the bottom surface of bottom plate 11, the top surface of mount pad has the recess, and second locator card angle 111 inserts and establishes in the recess, 14 dismantles the back at supporting seat, and second locator card angle 111 is used for the inlay card on the fence board 12 inner wall of frame 1 is bred to the next floor, promptly breed when using under the condition that frame 1 does not use supporting seat 14, second locator card angle 111 still can be used for the location with fence board 12 inlay card to breed frame 1.
Furthermore, a plurality of bottom plate reinforcing ribs 112 which are mutually crossed are arranged on the bottom surface of the bottom plate 11, two ends of each bottom plate reinforcing rib 112 are connected with a second positioning clamping corner 111, and each second positioning clamping corner 111 not only can be used for being clamped and positioned with the fence plate 12, but also can form a structure for enhancing the strength of the bottom plate 11 with the bottom plate reinforcing ribs 112.
Referring to fig. 6 and 7, the cultivation plate 2 forms a silkworm rearing apparatus, the cultivation plate 2 has at least one hollow area 21, the hollow area 21 is provided with a covering layer 22 made of flexible material, holes 22R are laid on the covering layer 22 for silkworm to climb, the covering layer 22 is used for placing rearing paste, and the part for placing rearing paste is heavy and collapses downwards to form a feeding area 22a. Breed board 2 and pile up the multilayer and place and raise the silkworm in breeding frame 1, breed and be equipped with a plurality of its edges on the bottom plate 11 of frame 1 and be the setting element 11A of erectting the form, the edge of breeding board 2 is equipped with a plurality of breachs 2A of dodging setting element 11A, and setting element 11A and breach set up and are used for fixing a position breed the position of board 2 in breeding frame 1.
When rearing the silkworm, at first place first breed board 2 on the bottom plate 11 of breeding in the frame 1, place a plurality of courses of cream material of raising on the overburden 22 of first breed board 2, then throw 1 age silkworm on the overburden 22 foodstuff of first breed board 2, after the silkworm feeds on first breed board 2 and excretes, the environment of first breed board 2 is unsuitable for continuing to raise promptly, needs to pile second breed board 2 on first breed board 2, breed board 2 has certain thickness, and overburden 22 is thinner one deck, and the clearance distance between two overburden 22 is basically the same with the thickness of breed board 2, has formed the space that supplies the silkworm activity. The distribution of the silkworms on the covering layer 22 is relatively uniform, the covering layer 22 is made of flexible materials, and has the characteristic that audiences sink downwards based on the elasticity and the tensioning degree of the materials, and meanwhile, the covering layer 22 of the first cultivation plate 2 sinks downwards moderately and uniformly due to the uniform distribution of the silkworms on the covering layer 22. Then, several feeding pastes are placed on the covering layer 22 of the second cultivation plate 2, the covering layer 22 is collapsed downwards to form a feeding area 22a at the position where the feeding paste is placed, namely, the feeding area 22a is collapsed downwards to a larger extent, while the rest part is collapsed downwards to a smaller extent, at this time, the gap distance between two covering layers 22 corresponding to the feeding area 22a is relatively smaller, and the gap distance between two covering layers 22 corresponding to the rest part is relatively larger. Due to the upward climbing property of the silkworms, the silkworms tend to climb on the covering layer 22 of the second cultivation plate 2 to feed at the position corresponding to the feeding area 22a under the induction of the feeding paste.
This embodiment is through setting up overburden 22, can provide the space of silkworm activity at first to avoid weighing the mulberry silkworm, and second overburden 22 is made by flexible material and has the characteristic that heavily sinks downwards for place and raise the clearance distance that has reduced the corresponding in feed area 22a after the cream material, be favorable to the mulberry silkworm to climb upwards.
In this embodiment, the covering layer 22 is a woven net, and the holes 22R for the silkworms to climb are formed in the meshes of the woven net, so that the covering layer 22 has the characteristics of lighter weight and thinner thickness, and meanwhile, the structural toughness is better, and the holes 22R are not easy to tear. More specifically, the mesh of netting is established to the hexagon mesh, and the structure of hexagon mesh is more stable, is difficult for dragging the damage, provides the more stable passageway of climbing of silkworm. The netting is made by the nylon material, and the ductility and the compliance of nylon material are higher, and non-deformable after the use is comparatively durable.
Further, the edge portion of the cover layer 22 is fixed on the top surface of the cultivation board 2, and the remaining portion covers the hollow area 21, that is, the actual area of the cover layer 22 is slightly larger than the hollow area 21, and more specifically, the edge of the cover layer 22 is pressed on the top surface of the cultivation board 2 by heat molding, so that the top surface of the cultivation board 2 is still in a planar structure after the cover layer 22 is fixed, and the multilayer stacking of the cultivation board 2 is not adversely affected.
Inserting and embedding matched inserting pieces 23 and inserting grooves 24 are arranged on the opposite surfaces of any two adjacent layers of cultivation plates 2 respectively, the inserting pieces 23 and the inserting grooves 24 are arranged at the edge positions of the cultivation plates 2, and the inserting and embedding matching between the inserting pieces 23 and the inserting grooves 24 is used for avoiding the situation that the adjacent two layers of cultivation plates 2 are offset and staggered.
Referring to fig. 8-10, the bottom edge of cocoon plate 3 is supported on the top of positioning member 11A, cocoon plate 3 has uniformly distributed and vertically through cocoon grids 31, and the edge of cocoon grid 31 is provided with a plurality of vertical cocoon columns 32. By utilizing the characteristic that the silkworm ascends, the silkworm climbs to the cocoon forming plate 3 from the last cultivation plate 2, climbs to the cocoon forming plate 3 from the cocoon forming grid 31, and silks on the cocoon forming column 32, so that the silkworm is positioned in the cocoon forming grid 31 to form cocoons.
For the last feeding of the silkworm, it is common to add ingredients such as ecdysone or the like which promote the cocooning of the silkworm, i.e. to place a feeding cream containing ecdysone on the covering layer 22 of the last spacer board, which causes the silkworm to cocoon as quickly as possible. However, silkworms are mainly concentrated in the area where the cover layer 22 is placed with the feeding cream and in the vicinity thereof, and the coverage of the cocooning tray 3 is much larger than that of the silkworms, so that the speed at which the silkworms climb onto the cocooning tray 3 and each silkworm occupies a separate cocooning grid 31, that is, the silkworms cover the entire cocooning tray 3 is slow, and since ecdysone is contained in the feeding cream at the last time, the silkworms partially moved to the edge position of the cultivation board 2 do not climb up yet and are cocooned on the cultivation board 2 in advance.
Based on this, the edge of the cocooning grid 31 which is positioned at or close to the side edge of the cocooning disc 3 is provided with a vertical inducing guide post 33, a core 34 which is made of water-absorbing material and is soaked by mulberry leaf water is embedded in the inducing guide post 33, the inducing guide post 33 is provided with a plurality of air holes 33a communicated with the core 34 and used for emitting odor for inducing silkworm, namely, the inducing guide post 33 can enable the edge position of the cocooning disc 3 to emit odor for inducing silkworm, so that after the cocooning disc 3 is placed in the cultivation frame 1, the silkworm can be induced to rapidly diffuse to the periphery from the original concentrated area, and before climbing to the cocooning disc 3, the distribution of the silkworm on the cultivation plate 2 is close to the coverage range of the cocooning disc 3. On one hand, the silkworm can rapidly spread to the periphery by an induction mechanism triggered by the induction column 33, and the silkworm is prevented from being cocooned in advance before climbing to the cocooning tray 3; on the other hand, each cocooning cell 31 can only accommodate the next silkworm for cocooning, so that climbing competition of the silkworms can be reduced, and the phenomenon of congestion caused by searching other vacant cocooning cells 31 after some silkworms climb to the occupied cocooning cells 31 is avoided.
Further, the induction columns 33 are arranged on the edges of the cocoon forming grids 31 on the edge of the cocoon forming plate 3, one induction column 33 is arranged on every two to three cocoon forming grids 31, the arrangement position and the number of the induction columns 33 can be achieved as long as induction of the silkworms to move and spread all around is met, and the induction columns do not need to be arranged too many.
The induction column 33 has an embedded channel 33b therein, the embedded channel 33b forms an opening at the top of the induction column 33, the ventilation hole 33a communicates with the embedded channel 33b and forms an opening at the side of the induction column 33, and the core 34 is provided in a columnar structure and inserted in the embedded channel 33 b. When the mulberry leaf water soaking device is used specifically, the core body 34 can be soaked in mulberry leaf water, after the mulberry leaf water soaking device is soaked fully, the core body 34 is plugged into the induction column 33 through the embedded channel 33b, and the core body 34 and the induction column 33 can be separated, so that the core body 34 can be replaced conveniently.
The top end of the inducing guide post 33 is provided with an extrusion rod 35 which is inserted into the embedded channel 33b in a sliding mode, the extrusion rod 35 can slide along the embedded channel 33b and is used for extruding the core 34, and the extrusion rod 35 can press the core 34 out of partial mulberry leaf water by pressing the extrusion rod 35 downwards, so that the odor emitted by the inducing guide post 33 is stronger, and the operation mode can be adopted when the diffusion speed of the silkworm is insufficient.
In addition, the pressing rod 35 is provided with a stopping structure 351, and the stopping structure 351 can be abutted against the top of the guiding column 33 to limit the downward sliding distance of the pressing rod 35, so as to prevent the core 34 from being damaged due to the excessive downward pressing force of the pressing rod 35.
Further, the inducing column 33 comprises a base column 331 with a bottom end disposed on the edge of the cocoon forming chamber 31, a connecting column 332 detachably connected to the top end of the base column 331, and the core 34 is disposed on the connecting column 332. It is inconvenient to insert the core 34 directly on the cocoon forming plate 3, the induction column 33 is set to a detachable structure, the core 34 is inserted into the connecting column 332, and the connecting column 332 and the base column 331 are connected when in use. More specifically, the top of foundation column 331 has slot 3A, the bottom of spliced pole 332 have with slot 3A joint complex inserted block 3B, the mode operation of dismantling of joint is comparatively convenient.
For the cocoon forming plate 3, the cocoon forming plate 3 comprises a frame 3-1 surrounded in a rectangular shape and ribs 3-2 laid in the frame and arranged in a crossed manner, and the ribs 3-2 form the edges of the cocoon forming grids 31, so that the cocoon forming plate 3 is lighter and the bearing of the culture frame 1 is reduced on the premise of ensuring the structural strength of the cocoon forming plate 3.
A silkworm breeding method using the silkworm breeding device of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
s1: the first cultivation plate 2 is placed on the bottom plate 11 of the cultivation frame 1, and the notch of the edge of the first cultivation plate 2 is aligned with the positioning piece 11A on the bottom plate 11.
S2: the first cultivation plate 2 is coated with cultivation paste on the covering layer 22, and 1 st silkworm is thrown on the covering layer 22.
S3: the second cultivation plate 2 is stacked on the first cultivation plate 2, and the notch of the edge of the second cultivation plate 2 is aligned with the positioning piece 11A on the bottom plate 11.
S4: the culture paste is coated on the covering layer 22 of the second culture plate 2, so that the silkworm on the first culture plate 2 climbs to the foodstuff on the covering layer 22 of the second culture plate 2 through the hole 22R on the second culture plate 2.
S5: removing the first culture plate 2, stacking the third culture plate 2 on the second culture plate 2, repeating S3-S4 until the silkworm grows to 5-year-old silkworm, and adding components for promoting silkworm cocooning to the culture paste applied on the covering layer 22 of the last culture plate 2.
S6: the cocoon forming plate 3 is prepared such that the inner core 34 of the induction column 33 is soaked in the water of the mulberry leaves.
S7: the bottom edge of the cocoon forming plate 3 is supported on the top of the positioning piece 11A, so that the induction columns 33 induce the 5-instar silkworms to spread, climb to and fully spread over the cocoon forming grids 31 in the cocoon forming plate 3, and the silking and the cocoon forming are carried out.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified, or some technical features can be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A silkworm breeding device is characterized by comprising:
the cultivation frame comprises a bottom plate and four fence plates which jointly form a rectangular enclosure; a plurality of vertical positioning pieces are arranged at the edge of the bottom plate;
the cultivation plates are arranged in the cultivation frame and stacked in multiple layers, and a plurality of notches avoiding the positioning pieces are arranged at the edges of the cultivation plates; the cultivation plate is at least provided with a hollow area, and the hollow area is provided with a covering layer made of flexible materials; holes for the silkworm to climb are laid on the covering layer; the covering layer is used for placing the feeding paste, and the part for placing the feeding paste is collapsed downwards by weight to form a feeding area;
the cocoon forming tray is arranged in the culture frame, and the bottom edge of the cocoon forming tray is supported at the top of the positioning piece; the cocoon forming tray is provided with cocoon forming grids which are uniformly distributed and are vertically communicated, and the edges of the cocoon forming grids are provided with a plurality of vertical cocoon forming columns; the edge of the cocooning grid positioned at or close to the side edge of the cocooning tray is provided with a vertical inducing column, a core body made of water-absorbing materials and soaked in mulberry leaf water is embedded in the inducing column, and the inducing column is provided with a plurality of air holes communicated with the core body and used for emitting smell for inducing silkworm.
2. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the covering layer is a woven net, and the mesh holes of the woven net form the holes for the silkworms to climb.
3. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 2, wherein the net is made of a nylon material.
4. The silkworm breeding device of claim 1, wherein the edge portion of the covering layer is fixed to the top surface of the breeding plate, and the remaining portion covers the hollowed-out area.
5. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the induction column has an embedded channel therein, the embedded channel forming an opening at the top of the induction column; the air holes are communicated with the embedded channels, and openings are formed in the side faces of the induction columns; the core body is of a columnar structure and is inserted into the embedded channel.
6. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 5, wherein the top end of the guiding post is provided with a pressing rod slidably inserted into the embedded channel, and the pressing rod can slide along the embedded channel to press the core.
7. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 6, wherein the pressing rod is provided with a stop structure which can abut against the top of the guide post to limit the downward sliding distance of the pressing rod.
8. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the inducing pillars comprise base pillars with bottom ends arranged on the edges of the cocooning grids, connecting pillars detachably connected to top ends of the base pillars; the core body is arranged on the connecting column.
9. The silkworm breeding device according to claim 1, wherein the breeding frame is provided in plurality and stacked in multiple layers; the top edge of the fence plate is provided with a bearing plate which is bent outwards; the bottom surface of bottom plate is equipped with a plurality ofly at the edge and breeds the supporting seat that the frame spaced apart and form the transom with adjacent layer, the bottom of supporting seat has the backup pad that supports on the loading board of frame is bred to the next layer, have protruding formation and inlay card in the first location card angle on the fence inboard wall of frame is bred to the next layer on the bottom surface of backup pad.
10. A silkworm breeding method using the silkworm breeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising the steps of:
s1: placing the first cultivation plate on the bottom plate of the cultivation frame, and aligning the notch at the edge of the first cultivation plate with the positioning piece on the bottom plate;
s2: coating a culture paste material on the covering layer of the first culture plate, and putting 1-instar silkworm on the food material on the covering layer;
s3: stacking a second cultivation plate on the first cultivation plate, and aligning the notch at the edge of the second cultivation plate with the positioning piece on the bottom plate;
s4: coating the culture paste on the covering layer of the second culture plate, so that the silkworm on the first culture plate can climb to the food on the covering layer of the second culture plate through the hole on the second culture plate;
s5: removing the first culture plate, stacking the third culture plate on the second culture plate, repeating S3-S4 until the silkworm grows to 5-year-old silkworm, and adding components for promoting silkworm cocooning into the culture paste material coated on the covering layer of the last culture plate;
s6: preparing a cocooning plate, and soaking the inner core body of the guide pillar in mulberry leaf water;
s7: and supporting the bottom edge of the cocooning disc at the top of the positioning piece, so that the induction columns induce 5-year-old silkworms to be diffused and distributed, and climb and cover cocooning grids in the cocooning disc to perform spinning and cocooning.
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