CN115236217B - Triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device and method - Google Patents
Triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115236217B CN115236217B CN202210688258.XA CN202210688258A CN115236217B CN 115236217 B CN115236217 B CN 115236217B CN 202210688258 A CN202210688258 A CN 202210688258A CN 115236217 B CN115236217 B CN 115236217B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
- G01N25/22—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity on combustion or catalytic oxidation, e.g. of components of gas mixtures
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/22—Fuels, explosives
- G01N33/222—Solid fuels, e.g. coal
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
The invention relates to a triaxial confining pressure coal oxidation heating characteristic measuring device which comprises an adjusting rack, a posture adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experimental cavity, a detection air source, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system, wherein the coal sample experimental cavity is connected with the inner side surface of the adjustable rack through the posture adjusting mechanism, the detection air source, the gas chromatograph and the control computer system are all connected with the outer side surface of the adjusting rack, and the coal sample experimental cavity is communicated with the detection air source through an air inlet pipe and is communicated with the gas chromatograph through an air outlet pipe. The using method comprises four steps of coal sample prefabrication, equipment prefabrication, detection operation and equipment reset. The invention can realize the research on the oxidation characteristics of the molded coal and the crushed coal under the multiple pressure effect under the temperature programming condition; the pressure point for promoting the oxidation combustion can be accurately found, and the detection operation precision and efficiency are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device and a using method thereof, and belongs to the field of coal test equipment.
Background
The measurement of the coal oxidation characteristics is an important constraint factor for ensuring the production safety of the coal mine and restricting the successful development of the productivity and working face of the coal mine, aiming at the problem, various structural types of coal sample spontaneous combustion characteristic detection devices and corresponding detection methods are developed at present, such as a deep mining deformation coal body oxidation characteristic test device with the patent application number of 201420664917.7, a test method for the influence of space and multicomponent gas on the spontaneous combustion tendency of the coal with the patent application number of 201610268808.7, a multi-element atmosphere environment load pressurized coal body oxidation heating characteristic measurement device and method with the patent application number of 202210056801.4 and the like, and the requirements on the coal sample characteristic detection operation can be met, but in use, equipment system structures are complex, equipment structure adjustment flexibility is poor, on one hand, the flexibility and convenience are insufficient when the equipment is operated, the operation efficiency is low and the labor intensity is high; on the other hand, the equipment structure cannot be flexibly adjusted according to the coal sample structure, so that the application range of the detection operation is narrow, and the requirements of detecting various structural coal samples cannot be effectively and flexibly met;
in addition, current traditional check out test set is in operation, often can't carry out high-efficient, convenient confining pressure, the synchronous regulation operation's of axle pressure needs to the coal sample simultaneously to can't effectually simulate coal actual natural environment when leading to the detection operation, consequently lead to detection operation result and coal actual state existence gap, can't accurately obtain coal natural state data.
Therefore, in view of the current situation, it is highly desirable to develop a new device and experimental method for detecting the spontaneous combustion characteristics of a coal sample, so as to meet the needs of practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device and a using method thereof.
The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises an adjusting frame, a posture adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experimental cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke adsorber, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system, wherein the adjusting frame is of a rectangular frame structure with an axis distributed vertically to the horizontal plane, the coal sample experimental cavity is embedded in the adjusting frame, is connected with the inner side surface of the adjusting frame through the posture adjusting mechanism and is distributed coaxially, the detection air source, the gas chromatograph and the control computer system are connected with the outer side surface of the adjusting frame, the coal sample experimental cavity is communicated with the detection air source through an air inlet pipe, is communicated with the gas chromatograph through an air outlet pipe, the pressure stabilizing valve, the pressure reducing valve and the flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe, the temperature and humidity sensor and the smoke absorber are sequentially arranged on the air outlet pipe, the adjusting frame, the posture adjusting mechanism, the coal sample experimental cavity, the detection air source, the pressure reducing valve, the flowmeter, the pressure stabilizing valve, the temperature and humidity sensor, the smoke absorber and the gas chromatographic analyzer are electrically connected with the control computer system, the control computer system comprises a PC (personal computer) terminal based on data calculation and a driving circuit based on an industrial computer, the PC terminal based on the data calculation and the driving circuit based on the industrial computer are electrically connected through a serial circuit, and the driving circuit based on the industrial computer is further electrically connected with the adjusting frame, the posture adjusting mechanism, the coal sample experimental cavity, the detection air source, the pressure reducing valve, the flowmeter, the pressure stabilizing valve, the temperature and humidity sensor, the smoke absorber and the gas chromatographic analyzer.
Further, the coal sample experiment cavity comprises a sealing cover, a bearing cavity, a bearing table, a bearing hydraulic bag, a driving piston, a shaft pressure driving mechanism, a confining pressure hydraulic bag, a pressure strain gauge, a temperature strain gauge, a heating ring and a transmission shaft, wherein the bearing cavity is of a cylindrical hollow tubular structure, the upper end face and the lower end face of the bearing cavity are connected with the sealing cover and form a sealed cavity structure, an air outlet is arranged on the sealing cover positioned at the top of the bearing cavity and communicated with an air outlet pipe through the air outlet, the sealing cover at the position of the lower end face is provided with a through hole coaxially distributed with the air outlet pipe, the confining pressure hydraulic bag, the bearing table and the bearing hydraulic bag are embedded in the bearing cavity and coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity, the confining pressure hydraulic bag is of a hollow columnar structure coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity and is connected with the inner side face of the bearing cavity, the bearing table is of a cylinder structure, the outer side surface of the bearing table is provided with at least one positioning groove with a U-shaped cross section, the bearing table is internally provided with a plurality of air guide holes which are distributed in parallel with the axis of the bearing table, the bearing hydraulic bag is of a closed annular structure, is coated outside the bearing table and is connected with the side surface of the bearing table through the positioning groove, the diameter of the bearing hydraulic bag is 90% -99% of the diameter of the bearing table, the bearing hydraulic bag is propped against the inner surface of the side wall of the surrounding hydraulic bag through the bearing hydraulic bag and is in sliding connection with the inner surface of the side wall of the surrounding hydraulic bag, the lower end surface of the bearing table is connected with a driving piston and is coaxially distributed, the lower end surface of the driving piston is connected with a shaft-pressing driving mechanism through a transmission shaft which is embedded in the through hole and is in sliding connection with the through hole, the shaft-pressing driving mechanism is positioned outside the bearing cavity and is connected with the adjusting frame, the transmission shaft and the driving piston are internally provided with an air guide cavity, the transmission shaft is communicated with the air guide cavity of the driving piston and is communicated with the air guide hole of the bearing platform, an air inlet is formed in the side surface of the transmission shaft, corresponding to the air guide cavity, of the transmission shaft, which is positioned outside the bearing cavity, and the transmission shaft is communicated with the air inlet pipe through the air inlet; the pressure strain gauge comprises at least three pressure strain gauges, wherein two pressure strain gauges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of an axis of a bearing cavity and are connected with the side surface of a confining pressure hydraulic bag, at least one pressure strain gauge is additionally arranged on the upper end face of a bearing table, two temperature strain gauges are arranged in total, one of the two temperature strain gauges is embedded in the upper end face of the bearing table, the other one of the two temperature strain gauges is embedded in the lower end face of a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, and the pressure strain gauges, the temperature strain gauges, a heating ring and a confining pressure driving mechanism are all electrically connected with a control computer system.
Further, the driving piston adopts any one of U-shaped and H-shaped structures with the axial section, the distance between the bottom of the upper end face of the driving piston and the lower end face of the bearing table is not less than 3 mm, a bearing screen plate which is coaxially distributed with the groove of the upper end face of the driving piston is additionally arranged in the groove of the upper end face of the driving piston, the bearing screen plate is propped against the lower end face of the bearing table and propped against the bottom of the upper end face of the driving piston through a disc spring, and the outer diameter of the driving piston is not more than 90% of the diameter of the bearing table.
Further, the axial pressure driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and a screw rod mechanism, and the confining pressure driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic station and an air compression station.
Further, the bearing hydraulic bag is of a closed annular structure which is coaxially distributed with the bearing table, at least three return springs which are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bearing hydraulic bag are arranged in the bearing hydraulic bag, and the return springs are distributed along the diameter direction of the bearing hydraulic bag.
Further, the regulation frame include and bear the base, bear stand, bear crossbeam, flexible regulation stand, core cover, pressure sensor, wherein bear the base and the core cover is coaxial to be distributed between, and be the frame construction that the axial cross-section is rectangle, the core cover cladding is outside the coal sample experimental chamber and be connected with the coal sample experimental chamber through gesture adjustment mechanism, bear the base up end and be connected with the core cover through four at least bearing stands, flexible regulation stand is four altogether, encircle bearing the base axis equipartition and with bear the base axis parallel distribution, flexible regulation stand up end is connected with bearing the base up end through bearing the crossbeam, the up end is connected with a bearing stand through bearing the stand to be connected with the core cover up end through bearing the stand, flexible regulation stand both ends all establish a pressure sensor with bearing crossbeam hookup location department, each flexible regulation stand and each pressure sensor all are in addition with control computer system electric connection.
Further, gesture adjustment mechanism include direction slide rail, actuating mechanism, revolving stage mechanism, plummer, displacement sensor, angle sensor, layer board, anchor clamps, the direction slide rail is transversal personally submits "U" word groove form structure, two altogether and with adjusting the frame axis symmetry distribution, and the direction slide rail passes through revolving stage mechanism and adjusts the frame and articulate, and be 0 ~ 90 contained angle with adjusting the frame axis, and two direction slide rail lower terminal surfaces are connected through at least one layer board in addition, and perpendicular distribution between layer board and the direction slide rail, direction slide rail all with a plummer sliding connection, just plummer rear end face inlay in the direction slide rail and through parallel distribution's of direction slide rail actuating mechanism and direction slide rail between sliding connection, plummer front end face passes through revolving stage mechanism and is connected with a anchor clamps, and is connected with coal sample experiment chamber surface through anchor clamps, and anchor clamps can carry out 0 ~ 360 scope rotations through revolving stage mechanism, establish another displacement sensor on the plummer, all establish an angle sensor on each mechanism, actuating mechanism, angle sensor all are connected with computer system.
Further, the driving mechanism is any one of a gear-rack mechanism, a screw mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder.
The application method of the triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a coal sample, setting the diameter and the height of the coal sample for detection according to the requirement of the detection operation, and preparing a corresponding coal sample for detection;
s2, prefabricating equipment, namely assembling a regulating rack, an attitude adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experiment cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke adsorber, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system to obtain finished product measuring equipment, loading the coal sample into the coal sample experiment cavity by a bearing table of the coal sample experiment cavity and coaxially distributing the coal sample, sealing the bearing cavity by a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, driving a heating ring outside the bearing cavity to initially heat the bearing cavity according to test requirements, synchronously driving a shaft pressure driving mechanism and a confining pressure driving mechanism to operate, driving a bearing hydraulic bag to carry out pressurizing expansion by the confining pressure driving mechanism on one hand, assisting the bearing table to bear the coal sample, and enabling the bearing hydraulic bag to prop against the confining pressure hydraulic bag, so that the bearing cavity above and below the bearing table is sealed and isolated; driving the confining pressure hydraulic bag to expand, and applying 360-degree confining pressure test acting force to the side surface of the coal sample by the confining pressure hydraulic bag; meanwhile, the bearing table and a coal sample connected with the bearing table are driven by the shaft pressure driving mechanism to ascend through a transmission shaft and are propped against a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, so that axial pressure is applied to the coal sample, the pressurizing operation of the coal sample is completed, in the pressurizing and temperature adjusting processes, the stress and temperature states of the coal sample are detected through a pressure strain gauge and a temperature strain gauge in the bearing cavity, and after a set test value is reached, the pressure of the coal sample is maintained, and the prefabrication of equipment is completed;
s3, after the detection operation is finished, driving a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke absorber and a gas chromatograph to operate, on one hand, pouring the gas of the detection air source into the coal sample experiment cavity from the bottom of the coal sample experiment cavity after pressure regulation, conveying the gas to the bottom of the coal sample through a gas guide cavity of the coal sample experiment cavity, enabling the gas to pass through a gap in the coal sample under the action of pressure, participating in the oxidation reaction of the coal sample, discharging the tail gas after the oxidation of the coal sample through a gas outlet of the coal sample experiment cavity, detecting the temperature and humidity of the tail gas in a first time by the temperature and humidity sensor, absorbing and purifying dust and liquid drops in the tail gas by the smoke absorber, conveying the tail gas after the purification to the gas chromatograph, analyzing and detecting the tail gas by the gas chromatograph, and outputting analysis and detection results to a control computer system, and finishing the conveying data by the control computer system, and then finishing the detection of the coal sample;
s4, resetting the equipment, after finishing the detection in the step S3, firstly stopping the air supply operation of the high-pressure air source, then operating by the axial pressure driving mechanism and the confining pressure driving mechanism of the coal sample experiment cavity, releasing the pressure in the coal sample experiment cavity, simultaneously stopping the operation of the heating ring, cooling the coal sample experiment cavity to normal temperature, finally taking out the coal sample from the opened coal sample experiment cavity, cleaning the bearing cavity, finishing the resetting, and returning to the step S1 to prepare for standby for the next round of time.
The system has high structural integration degree and modularization degree, can be suitable for research operation of preventing spontaneous combustion of deep mine coal with the depth of more than kilometers, and realizes research on oxidation characteristics of molded coal and broken coal under the condition of programmed temperature rise under the action of multiple pressures. Meanwhile, the invention can freely adjust the shaft pressure and the confining pressure, can accurately find out the pressure point for promoting the oxidation combustion in the actual test, improves the detection operation precision and efficiency, can independently use the shaft pressure or the confining pressure to detect the temperature rising characteristic and the gas release characteristic of the coal sample, has high operability, reliable measurement result and flexible and convenient operation, and can better simulate the oxidation combustion characteristic of the coal under the coal mine.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a system architecture of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a local structure of a coal sample experiment cavity;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to facilitate the construction of the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement of the purposes and the effects of the invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises an adjusting frame 1, a posture adjusting mechanism 2, a coal sample experiment cavity 3, a detection air source 4, a pressure reducing valve 5, a flowmeter 13, a pressure stabilizing valve 6, a temperature and humidity sensor 7, a smoke adsorber 8, a gas chromatograph 9 and a control computer system 10, wherein the adjusting frame 1 is of a rectangular frame structure with an axis vertically distributed with a horizontal plane, the coal sample experiment cavity 3 is embedded in the adjusting frame 1, the inner side surface between the posture adjusting mechanism 2 and the adjusting frame 1 is connected and coaxially distributed, the detection air source 4, the gas chromatograph 9 and the control computer system 10 are all connected with the outer side surface of the adjusting frame 1, the coal sample experiment cavity 3 is communicated with the detection air source 4 through an air inlet pipe 11 and is communicated with the gas chromatograph 9 through an air outlet pipe 12, the pressure stabilizing valve 6, the pressure reducing valve 5 and the flowmeter 13 are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe 11, the temperature and humidity sensor 7 and the smoke adsorber 8 are sequentially arranged on the air outlet pipe 12, and the adjusting frame 1, the posture adjusting mechanism 2, the coal sample experiment cavity 3, the detection air source 4, the pressure reducing valve 5, the flowmeter 13, the pressure stabilizing valve 6, the temperature and humidity sensor 7, the smoke adsorber 8 and the smoke adsorber 8 are all connected with the computer system 10.
In this embodiment, the control computer system 10 includes a PC computer terminal 101 based on data calculation and a driving circuit 102 based on an industrial computer, where the PC computer terminal 101 based on data calculation and the driving circuit 102 based on an industrial computer are electrically connected through a serial circuit, and the driving circuit 102 based on an industrial computer is further electrically connected to the adjusting rack 1, the posture adjusting mechanism 2, the coal sample experiment chamber 3, the detection air source 4, the pressure reducing valve 5, the flowmeter 13, the pressure stabilizing valve 6, the temperature and humidity sensor 7, the smoke adsorber 8, and the gas chromatograph 9, respectively.
The key points are that the coal sample experiment cavity 3 comprises a sealing cover 31, a bearing cavity 32, a bearing platform 33, a bearing hydraulic bag 34, a driving piston 35, a shaft pressure driving mechanism 36, a confining pressure driving mechanism 37, a confining pressure hydraulic bag 38, a pressure strain gauge 39, a temperature strain gauge 301, a heating ring 302 and a transmission shaft 303, wherein the bearing cavity 32 is of a cylindrical hollow tubular structure, the upper end face and the lower end face of the bearing cavity 32 are both connected with the sealing cover 31 and form a closed cavity structure, wherein the sealing cover 31 positioned at the top of the bearing cavity 32 is provided with an air outlet 304 and is communicated with an air outlet pipe 12 through the air outlet 304, the sealing cover 31 positioned at the lower end face is provided with a through hole 305 coaxially distributed with the sealing cover, the confining pressure hydraulic bag 38, the bearing platform 33 and the bearing hydraulic bag 34 are embedded in the bearing cavity 32 and coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 32, the confining pressure hydraulic bag 38 is of a hollow columnar structure coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 32, the bearing platform 33 is in a cylindrical structure and is provided with at least one positioning groove 306 with a U-shaped cross section, a plurality of air guide holes 307 which are distributed in parallel with the axis of the bearing platform 33 are arranged in the bearing platform 33, the bearing hydraulic bag 34 is in a closed annular structure, is coated outside the bearing platform 33 and is connected with the side surface of the bearing platform 33 through the positioning groove 306, the diameter of the bearing hydraulic bag 34 is 90% -99% of the diameter of the bearing platform 33, the bearing hydraulic bag 34 is propped against and slidingly connected with the inner surface of the side wall of the confining pressure hydraulic bag 38 through the bearing hydraulic bag 34, the lower end surface of the bearing platform 33 is connected with the driving piston 35 and coaxially distributed, the lower end surface of the driving piston 35 is connected with the shaft pressure driving mechanism 36 through the transmission shaft 303 and coaxially distributed, the transmission shaft 303 is embedded in the through hole 305 and slidingly connected with the through hole 305, the shaft pressure driving mechanism 36 is located outside the bearing cavity 32 and is connected with the adjusting frame 1, the transmission shaft 303 and the driving piston 35 are both internally provided with an air guide cavity 308, the transmission shaft 303 is communicated with the air guide cavity 308 of the driving piston 35 and is communicated with the air guide hole 307 of the bearing platform 33, the side surface of the transmission shaft 303 corresponding to the air guide cavity 308, which is located outside the bearing cavity 302, is provided with an air inlet 309 and is communicated with the air inlet pipe 11 through the air inlet 309, the confining pressure driving mechanism 37 is connected with the adjusting frame 1 and is respectively communicated with the bearing hydraulic bag 34 and the confining pressure hydraulic bag 38, at least three heating rings 302 are wrapped outside the bearing cavity 302, are coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity 302 and are uniformly distributed from top to bottom along the axis of the bearing cavity 302, and all the heating rings 302 are mutually connected in parallel; the pressure strain gauges 39 are at least three, two of the pressure strain gauges 39 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the axis of the bearing cavity 32 and are connected with the side surface of the confining pressure hydraulic bag 38, the upper end surface of the bearing table 33 is additionally provided with at least one pressure strain gauge 39, the number of the temperature strain gauges 301 is two, one of the temperature strain gauges is embedded in the upper end surface of the bearing table 33, the other pressure strain gauge 39, the temperature strain gauge 301, the heating ring 302 and the confining pressure driving mechanism 37 are all electrically connected with the control computer system 10.
In this embodiment, the driving piston 35 adopts any one of "U" and "H" structures with an axial cross section, and a space between the bottom of the upper end surface of the driving piston 35 and the lower end surface of the bearing table is not less than 3 mm, a bearing mesh plate 351 coaxially distributed in the groove of the upper end surface of the driving piston 35 is additionally disposed in the groove of the upper end surface of the driving piston 35, the bearing mesh plate 351 abuts against the lower end surface of the bearing table 33, and abuts against the bottom of the upper end surface of the driving piston 35 through a disc spring 352, and the outer diameter of the driving piston 35 is not greater than 90% of the diameter of the bearing table 33.
Further preferably, the axial pressure driving mechanism 36 is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and a screw rod mechanism, and the confining pressure driving mechanism 37 is any one of a hydraulic station and a blank-hold station.
In this embodiment, the carrying hydraulic bag 34 is a closed ring structure coaxially distributed with the carrying table 33, at least three return springs 14 uniformly distributed around the axis thereof are disposed in the carrying hydraulic bag 34, and each return spring 14 is distributed along the diameter direction of the carrying hydraulic bag 34.
It should be noted that the adjusting rack 1 includes a bearing base 111, a bearing upright 112, a bearing beam 113, telescopic adjusting uprights 114, a core sleeve 115, and a pressure sensor 116, where the bearing base 111 and the core sleeve 115 are coaxially distributed, and are all in a rectangular frame structure with an axial section, the core sleeve 115 is wrapped outside the coal sample experimental cavity 3 and connected with the coal sample experimental cavity 3 through a posture adjusting mechanism 2, the upper end surface of the bearing base 111 is connected with the core sleeve 115 through at least four bearing uprights 112, the telescopic adjusting uprights 114 are four in number, uniformly distributed around the axis of the bearing base 111 and distributed parallel to the axis of the bearing base 111, the upper end surface of the telescopic adjusting uprights 114 is connected with the upper end surface of the bearing base 111 through the bearing beam 113, the upper end surface is connected with one bearing upright 112 through the bearing upright 112, and is connected with the upper end surface of the core sleeve 115 through the bearing upright 112, two ends of the telescopic adjusting uprights 114 are all provided with the pressure sensor 116 at the connection position of the bearing beam 113, and simultaneously, the telescopic adjusting uprights 114 and the pressure sensors 116 are all connected with the control computer system 10.
The telescopic adjusting stand column is an electric telescopic column, a hydraulic telescopic column and an air pressure telescopic column structure, and the telescopic adjusting stand column can be flexibly adjusted through the height, so that the installation and positioning of the coal sample experimental cavity through the core sleeve are met, the adaptability of the coal sample experimental cavity structures with different heights can be met, and the flexibility of equipment use is improved.
In addition, the gesture adjustment mechanism 2 includes guide slide rail 21, actuating mechanism 22, revolving stage mechanism 23, plummer 24, displacement sensor 25, angle sensor 26, layer board 27, anchor clamps 28, guide slide rail 21 is transversal and personally submits "U" word groove form structure, two and with adjusting frame 1 axis symmetry distribution, and guide slide rail 21 passes through revolving stage mechanism 23 and adjusting frame 1 articulates, and be 0 ~ 90 contained angle with adjusting frame 1 axis, and two guide slide rail 21 lower terminal surface are connected through at least one layer board 27 in addition, and perpendicular distribution between layer board 27 and the guide slide rail 21, guide slide rail 21 all with a plummer 24 sliding connection, and plummer 24 rear end face inlay in guide slide rail 21 and through parallel distribution's with guide slide rail 21 axis actuating mechanism 22 and guide slide rail 21 between sliding connection, plummer 24 front end face passes through revolving stage mechanism 23 and anchor clamps 28 and coal sample experiment chamber 3 surface connection, and anchor clamps 28 can carry out 0 ~ 360 rotation through revolving stage mechanism 23, another and set up on the plummer 21 and respectively one and establish that displacement sensor 25, 26, the angle sensor 25 all is connected to computer system, computer system displacement sensor 25.
The driving mechanism is any one of a gear-rack mechanism, a screw mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder.
The guide sliding rail is hinged with the adjusting rack through the rotary table mechanism, the clamp is hinged with the bearing table, the included angle between the guide sliding rail and the axis of the adjusting rack is adjusted, the coal sample experimental cavity is rotated out of the adjusting rack, the included angle between the axis of the coal sample experimental cavity and the horizontal plane is adjusted through the rotary table mechanism between the clamp and the bearing table, the coal sample loading and cleaning requirements on the coal sample experimental cavity are met, meanwhile, the working position of the bearing table is adjusted cooperatively through the guide sliding rail and the driving mechanism during cleaning, operation and test operation of the coal sample experimental cavity, the height of the working position of the coal sample experimental cavity is adjusted flexibly, the lower end face of the coal sample experimental cavity in a test state is made to abut against the supporting plate, and the positioning stability and reliability of the coal sample experimental cavity are improved.
As shown in fig. 3, the method for using the triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a coal sample, setting the diameter and the height of the coal sample for detection according to the requirement of the detection operation, and preparing a corresponding coal sample for detection;
s2, prefabricating equipment, namely assembling a regulating rack, an attitude adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experiment cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke adsorber, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system to obtain finished product measuring equipment, loading the coal sample into the coal sample experiment cavity by a bearing table of the coal sample experiment cavity and coaxially distributing the coal sample, sealing the bearing cavity by a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, driving a heating ring outside the bearing cavity to initially heat the bearing cavity according to test requirements, synchronously driving a shaft pressure driving mechanism and a confining pressure driving mechanism to operate, driving a bearing hydraulic bag to carry out pressurizing expansion by the confining pressure driving mechanism on one hand, assisting the bearing table to bear the coal sample, and enabling the bearing hydraulic bag to prop against the confining pressure hydraulic bag, so that the bearing cavity above and below the bearing table is sealed and isolated; driving the confining pressure hydraulic bag to expand, and applying 360-degree confining pressure test acting force to the side surface of the coal sample by the confining pressure hydraulic bag; meanwhile, the bearing table and a coal sample connected with the bearing table are driven by the shaft pressure driving mechanism to ascend through a transmission shaft and are propped against a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, so that axial pressure is applied to the coal sample, the pressurizing operation of the coal sample is completed, in the pressurizing and temperature adjusting processes, the stress and temperature states of the coal sample are detected through a pressure strain gauge and a temperature strain gauge in the bearing cavity, and after a set test value is reached, the pressure of the coal sample is maintained, and the prefabrication of equipment is completed;
s3, after the detection operation is finished, driving a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke absorber and a gas chromatograph to operate, on one hand, pouring the gas of the detection air source into the coal sample experiment cavity from the bottom of the coal sample experiment cavity after pressure regulation, conveying the gas to the bottom of the coal sample through a gas guide cavity of the coal sample experiment cavity, enabling the gas to pass through a gap in the coal sample under the action of pressure, participating in the oxidation reaction of the coal sample, discharging the tail gas after the oxidation of the coal sample through a gas outlet of the coal sample experiment cavity, detecting the temperature and humidity of the tail gas in a first time by the temperature and humidity sensor, absorbing and purifying dust and liquid drops in the tail gas by the smoke absorber, conveying the tail gas after the purification to the gas chromatograph, analyzing and detecting the tail gas by the gas chromatograph, and outputting analysis and detection results to a control computer system, and finishing the conveying data by the control computer system, and then finishing the detection of the coal sample;
s4, resetting the equipment, after finishing the detection in the step S3, firstly stopping the air supply operation of the high-pressure air source, then operating by the axial pressure driving mechanism and the confining pressure driving mechanism of the coal sample experiment cavity, releasing the pressure in the coal sample experiment cavity, simultaneously stopping the operation of the heating ring, cooling the coal sample experiment cavity to normal temperature, finally taking out the coal sample from the opened coal sample experiment cavity, cleaning the bearing cavity, finishing the resetting, and returning to the step S1 to prepare for standby for the next round of time.
The system has high structural integration degree and modularization degree, can be suitable for research operation of preventing spontaneous combustion of deep mine coal with the depth of more than kilometers, and realizes research on oxidation characteristics of molded coal and broken coal under the condition of programmed temperature rise under the action of multiple pressures. Meanwhile, the invention can freely adjust the shaft pressure and the confining pressure, can accurately find out the pressure point for promoting the oxidation combustion in the actual test, improves the detection operation precision and efficiency, can independently use the shaft pressure or the confining pressure to detect the temperature rising characteristic and the gas release characteristic of the coal sample, has high operability, reliable measurement result and flexible and convenient operation, and can better simulate the oxidation combustion characteristic of the coal under the coal mine.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the above embodiments and descriptions are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention, and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is defined in the appended claims. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation intensification characteristic measuring device which characterized in that: the triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises an adjusting frame, a posture adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experimental cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke adsorber, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system, wherein the adjusting frame is of a rectangular frame structure with an axis distributed vertically to the horizontal plane, the coal sample experimental cavity is embedded in the adjusting frame, is connected with the inner side surface of the adjusting frame through the posture adjusting mechanism and is distributed coaxially, the detection air source, the gas chromatograph and the control computer system are all connected with the outer side surface of the adjusting frame, the coal sample experimental cavity is communicated with the detection air source through an air inlet pipe and is communicated with the gas chromatograph through an air outlet pipe, the pressure stabilizing valve, the pressure reducing valve and the flowmeter are sequentially arranged on the air inlet pipe, the device comprises an air outlet pipe, a temperature and humidity sensor and a smoke adsorber, wherein the air outlet pipe is sequentially provided with the temperature and humidity sensor and the smoke adsorber, the adjusting frame, an attitude adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experiment cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, the temperature and humidity sensor, the smoke adsorber and a gas chromatograph are electrically connected with a control computer system, the control computer system comprises a PC (personal computer) terminal based on data calculation and a driving circuit based on an industrial computer, the PC terminal based on data calculation and the driving circuit based on the industrial computer are electrically connected through a serial port circuit, and the driving circuit based on the industrial computer is further electrically connected with the adjusting frame, the attitude adjusting mechanism, the coal sample experiment cavity, the detection air source, the pressure reducing valve, the flowmeter, the pressure stabilizing valve, the temperature and humidity sensor, the smoke adsorber and the gas chromatograph respectively; the coal sample experiment cavity comprises a sealing cover, a bearing cavity, a bearing table, a bearing hydraulic bag, a driving piston, a shaft pressure driving mechanism, a confining pressure hydraulic bag, a pressure strain gauge, a temperature strain gauge, a heating ring and a transmission shaft, wherein the bearing cavity is of a cylindrical hollow tubular structure, the upper end face and the lower end face of the bearing cavity are connected with the sealing cover to form a sealed cavity structure, the sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity is provided with an air outlet and communicated with an air outlet pipe through the air outlet, the sealing cover at the position of the lower end face is provided with a through hole coaxially distributed with the air outlet pipe, the confining pressure hydraulic bag, the bearing table and the bearing hydraulic bag are embedded in the bearing cavity and coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity, the confining pressure hydraulic bag is of a hollow columnar structure coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity and connected with the inner side face of the bearing cavity, the bearing table is of a cylindrical structure, the outer side surface of the bearing platform is provided with at least one positioning groove with a U-shaped cross section, a plurality of air guide holes which are parallel to the axis of the bearing platform are arranged in the bearing platform, the bearing hydraulic bag is of a closed annular structure, is coated outside the bearing platform and is connected with the side surface of the bearing platform through the positioning groove, the diameter of the bearing hydraulic bag is 90% -99% of the diameter of the bearing platform, the bearing hydraulic bag is propped against the inner surface of the side wall of the confining pressure hydraulic bag through the bearing hydraulic bag and is in sliding connection, the lower end surface of the bearing platform is connected with the driving piston and is coaxially distributed, the lower end surface of the driving piston is connected with the axial pressure driving mechanism through a transmission shaft and is coaxially distributed, the transmission shaft is embedded in the through hole and is in sliding connection with the through hole, the axial pressure driving mechanism is positioned outside the bearing cavity and is connected with the adjusting frame, the transmission shaft and the driving piston are internally provided with an air guide cavity, and the air guide cavity of the transmission shaft and the driving piston is communicated with the air guide hole of the bearing platform, the driving shaft corresponding to the air guide cavity is provided with an air inlet on the side surface of the outer side of the bearing cavity and is communicated with the air inlet pipe through the air inlet, the confining pressure driving mechanism is connected with the adjusting rack and is respectively communicated with the bearing hydraulic bag and the confining pressure hydraulic bag, at least three heating rings are coated outside the bearing cavity, are coaxially distributed with the bearing cavity and are uniformly distributed along the axis of the bearing cavity from top to bottom, and the heating rings are mutually connected in parallel; the pressure strain gauge comprises at least three pressure strain gauges, wherein two pressure strain gauges are symmetrically distributed on two sides of an axis of a bearing cavity and are connected with the side surface of a confining pressure hydraulic bag, at least one pressure strain gauge is additionally arranged on the upper end face of a bearing table, two temperature strain gauges are arranged in total, one of the two temperature strain gauges is embedded in the upper end face of the bearing table, the other one of the two temperature strain gauges is embedded in the lower end face of a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, and the pressure strain gauges, the temperature strain gauges, a heating ring and a confining pressure driving mechanism are all electrically connected with a control computer system.
2. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving piston adopts any one of U-shaped and H-shaped structures with the axial section, the distance between the bottom of the upper end face of the driving piston and the lower end face of the bearing table is not less than 3 mm, a bearing screen plate which is coaxially distributed with the groove of the upper end face of the driving piston is additionally arranged in the groove of the upper end face of the driving piston, the bearing screen plate is propped against the lower end face of the bearing table and propped against the bottom of the upper end face of the driving piston through a belleville spring, and the outer diameter of the driving piston is not more than 90% of the diameter of the bearing table.
3. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the axial pressure driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic cylinder, a pneumatic cylinder and a screw rod mechanism, and the confining pressure driving mechanism is any one of a hydraulic station and a pneumatic station.
4. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the bearing hydraulic bag is of a closed annular structure which is coaxially distributed with the bearing table, at least three return springs which are uniformly distributed around the axis of the bearing hydraulic bag are arranged in the bearing hydraulic bag, and the return springs are distributed along the diameter direction of the bearing hydraulic bag.
5. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model provides an adjustable frame including bearing the base, bear stand, carrier beam, flexible regulation stand, core cover, pressure sensor, wherein bear base and core cover room coaxial distribution to be the frame construction that the axial cross-section is rectangle, the core cover cladding is outside the coal sample experimental chamber and be connected with the coal sample experimental chamber through gesture adjustment mechanism, bear the base up end and be connected with the core cover through four at least carrier stands, flexible regulation stand is four altogether, encircle bearing the base axis equipartition and with bear the base axis parallel distribution, flexible regulation stand lower extreme face is connected with bearing the base up end through carrier beam, the up end is connected with a carrier stand through carrier beam to be connected with core cover up end through carrier stand, flexible regulation stand both ends all establish a pressure sensor with carrier beam hookup location department, each flexible regulation stand and each pressure sensor all are connected with controlling computer system in addition.
6. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the utility model provides a posture adjustment mechanism include direction slide rail, actuating mechanism, revolving stage mechanism, plummer, displacement sensor, angle sensor, layer board, anchor clamps, the direction slide rail is the transversal and personally submits "U" word wall form structure, two altogether and with adjusting the frame axis symmetric distribution, and the direction slide rail passes through revolving stage mechanism and adjusts the frame and articulate to be 0 ~ 90 contained angle with adjusting the frame axis, and two direction slide rail lower terminal surfaces are connected through at least one layer board in addition, and perpendicular distribution between layer board and the direction slide rail, direction slide rail all with a plummer sliding connection, just plummer rear end face inlay in the direction slide rail and through parallel distribution's with direction slide rail actuating mechanism and direction slide rail between sliding connection, plummer front end face passes through revolving stage mechanism and anchor clamps to be connected with coal sample experiment chamber surface, and anchor clamps pass through revolving stage mechanism and can carry out 0 ~ 360 scope rotation, establish another displacement sensor on the plummer, all establish an angle sensor on each revolving stage mechanism, actuating mechanism, displacement sensor, angle sensor all are connected with computer system.
7. The triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation temperature rising characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the driving mechanism is any one of a gear-rack mechanism, a screw rod mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder and a pneumatic cylinder.
8. The method for using the triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the application method of the triaxial confining pressure coal body oxidation heating characteristic measuring device comprises the following steps:
s1, prefabricating a coal sample, setting the diameter and the height of the coal sample for detection according to the requirement of the detection operation, and preparing a corresponding coal sample for detection;
s2, prefabricating equipment, namely assembling a regulating rack, an attitude adjusting mechanism, a coal sample experiment cavity, a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke adsorber, a gas chromatograph and a control computer system to obtain finished product measuring equipment, loading the coal sample into the coal sample experiment cavity by a bearing table of the coal sample experiment cavity and coaxially distributing the coal sample, sealing the bearing cavity by a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, driving a heating ring outside the bearing cavity to initially heat the bearing cavity according to test requirements, synchronously driving a shaft pressure driving mechanism and a confining pressure driving mechanism to operate, driving a bearing hydraulic bag to carry out pressurizing expansion by the confining pressure driving mechanism on one hand, assisting the bearing table to bear the coal sample, and enabling the bearing hydraulic bag to prop against the confining pressure hydraulic bag, so that the bearing cavity above and below the bearing table is sealed and isolated; driving the confining pressure hydraulic bag to expand, and applying 360-degree confining pressure test acting force to the side surface of the coal sample by the confining pressure hydraulic bag; meanwhile, the bearing table and a coal sample connected with the bearing table are driven by the shaft pressure driving mechanism to ascend through a transmission shaft and are propped against a sealing cover at the top of the bearing cavity, so that axial pressure is applied to the coal sample, the pressurizing operation of the coal sample is completed, in the pressurizing and temperature adjusting processes, the stress and temperature states of the coal sample are detected through a pressure strain gauge and a temperature strain gauge in the bearing cavity, and after a set test value is reached, the pressure of the coal sample is maintained, and the prefabrication of equipment is completed;
s3, after the detection operation is finished, driving a detection air source, a pressure reducing valve, a flowmeter, a pressure stabilizing valve, a temperature and humidity sensor, a smoke absorber and a gas chromatograph to operate, on one hand, pouring the gas of the detection air source into the coal sample experiment cavity from the bottom of the coal sample experiment cavity after pressure regulation, conveying the gas to the bottom of the coal sample through a gas guide cavity of the coal sample experiment cavity, enabling the gas to pass through a gap in the coal sample under the action of pressure, participating in the oxidation reaction of the coal sample, discharging the tail gas after the oxidation of the coal sample through a gas outlet of the coal sample experiment cavity, detecting the temperature and humidity of the tail gas in a first time by the temperature and humidity sensor, absorbing and purifying dust and liquid drops in the tail gas by the smoke absorber, conveying the tail gas after the purification to the gas chromatograph, analyzing and detecting the tail gas by the gas chromatograph, and outputting analysis and detection results to a control computer system, and finishing the conveying data by the control computer system, and then finishing the detection of the coal sample;
s4, resetting the equipment, after finishing the detection in the step S3, firstly stopping the air supply operation of the high-pressure air source, then operating by the axial pressure driving mechanism and the confining pressure driving mechanism of the coal sample experiment cavity, releasing the pressure in the coal sample experiment cavity, simultaneously stopping the operation of the heating ring, cooling the coal sample experiment cavity to normal temperature, finally taking out the coal sample from the opened coal sample experiment cavity, cleaning the bearing cavity, finishing the resetting, and returning to the step S1 to prepare for standby for the next round of time.
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| CN102507334B (en) * | 2011-10-28 | 2013-10-23 | 西安理工大学 | Measurement mechanism for lateral deformation of pressure chamber of true triaxial apparatus |
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