CN115229452A - Constant velocity universal joint cage processing method - Google Patents
Constant velocity universal joint cage processing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115229452A CN115229452A CN202211164383.7A CN202211164383A CN115229452A CN 115229452 A CN115229452 A CN 115229452A CN 202211164383 A CN202211164383 A CN 202211164383A CN 115229452 A CN115229452 A CN 115229452A
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- pipe material
- constant velocity
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- spherical surface
- cleaning
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
- F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D3/00—Yielding couplings, i.e. with means permitting movement between the connected parts during the drive
- F16D3/16—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts
- F16D3/20—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members
- F16D3/22—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts
- F16D3/223—Universal joints in which flexibility is produced by means of pivots or sliding or rolling connecting parts one coupling part entering a sleeve of the other coupling part and connected thereto by sliding or rolling members the rolling members being balls, rollers, or the like, guided in grooves or sockets in both coupling parts the rolling members being guided in grooves in both coupling parts
- F16D2003/22303—Details of ball cages
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forging (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, and particularly provides a method for machining a constant velocity universal joint retainer, which comprises the following steps: blanking a pipe material; forming the pipe material to form a formed pipe material; finely turning and forming the inner spherical surface and the base surface of the pipe material; finely turning one end plane opposite to the base plane; punching to form a plurality of window holes; milling the plane of each window hole; carrying out carburizing heat treatment on the milled formed pipe material; hard vehicle base surfaces and interior spherical surfaces; and (5) hard turning an outer spherical surface after the plane of the window hole is hard milled to form the constant velocity universal joint retainer. According to the scheme of the invention, the size and shape accuracy of the constant velocity universal joint retainer can be ensured, the coaxiality can be ensured, and the workpiece cannot be deformed in the machining process. In the course of working, intensity, hardness and surface quality of the pipe material can be effectively improved, the whole process is low in energy consumption, fast in working speed and low in cost, and the window hole can not form a sharp corner, stress concentration and fracture phenomena can not be generated, and the production efficiency and the finished product yield can be greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to a machining method of a constant velocity universal joint retainer.
Background
The universal joint retainer has high requirements on the shape and size of the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface, the shape and size of the window, the center offset error of the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface and form and position tolerance precision, the wall is thin and is easy to deform in processing, and the traditional processing method is difficult to ensure the precision and the coaxiality error of the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface.
The conventional constant velocity joint cage manufacturing method generally includes: blanking, heating, upsetting, punching, roll forging, correcting, rough machining of a blank, broaching a window, heat treatment, fine grinding and vibration finishing. Before blanking, the raw materials are not subjected to effective heat treatment, so that the strength, hardness, surface quality and the like of the tube materials are not generally up to the standard during blanking, and the performance of a finished retainer is influenced; in the traditional scheme, the blank forming comprises the steps of heating, upsetting, punching, rolling forging and correcting, and the steps are hot-forming and consume very large energy; in the process of broaching the window, clamping and positioning are complicated, multiple times of clamping are needed, the processing speed is low, the cost of the cutter is high, a sharp corner can be formed at the window, stress concentration is easy to generate in subsequent heat treatment processing, and cracks and even fractures are formed; the whole processing process has various steps and complex process, and reduces the production efficiency.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving at least one of the problems of the background art and to providing a method of processing a constant velocity joint cage.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a constant velocity joint cage processing method, comprising:
blanking a pipe material according to the overall dimension of the constant velocity universal joint retainer;
forming the pipe material to form a formed pipe material;
positioning an outer spherical surface and one end plane of a formed pipe material by using a numerical control lathe, and finely turning an inner spherical surface of the formed pipe material and the other end plane serving as a base plane;
positioning and forming an outer spherical surface and the base surface of the pipe material by adopting a numerical control lathe, and finely turning the plane at one end;
positioning the outer spherical surface and the base surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material by using an automatic punch, pressing an inner hole close to the plane at one end, and punching the outer spherical surface from the inner spherical surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material to form a plurality of window holes;
positioning the base surface and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface by using a numerical control milling machine, clamping the plane at one end and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface, and milling the plane of each window hole;
carrying out carburizing heat treatment on the milled formed pipe material;
positioning the plane at one end and an inner hole corresponding to the plane at one end by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, clamping an outer spherical surface, and hard turning the base surface and the inner spherical surface;
and positioning the base surface after hard turning and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, tightly pressing the plane at one end, and hard turning the outer spherical surface after hard milling the plane of the window hole to form the constant velocity universal joint retainer.
According to one aspect of the invention, the pipe material is in a normalized state, has a hardness value of HB170-220, and has an austenite grain size of grade 5 or less.
According to one aspect of the invention, the forming process is necking forming or cold rolling forming.
According to one aspect of the invention, when necking is formed, an upper die base and a lower die base are adopted for die assembly forming, a parting line is positioned in the center of the outer spherical surface of the retainer, and the arc and the diameter of the inner cambered surfaces of the upper die base and the lower die base are the arc and the diameter of the outer spherical surface of the constant velocity universal joint retainer.
According to one aspect of the invention, the milling of the upper and lower flat surfaces of the two windows is performed in one operation by mounting two milling tools in one operation while milling the flat surfaces of the windows.
According to one aspect of the invention, the carburizing heat treatment includes charging, washing, drying, carburizing and quenching, washing after quenching, tempering, moving, and discharging.
According to one aspect of the invention, the cleaning is: and pushing the milled forming pipe material to a cleaning machine, wherein the cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning machine is detected once per week and replaced once every 1-3 months.
According to one aspect of the invention, the drying is: pushing the cleaned forming pipe material to a drying furnace, wherein the drying temperature is as follows: the drying time is more than or equal to 60 minutes at 480 +/-10 ℃.
According to one aspect of the invention, the post-quench cleaning is: and pushing the formed tube material subjected to carburization quenching into a cleaning machine, wherein the cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 50 minutes, and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning machine is detected once per week and replaced once every 1-3 months.
According to one aspect of the invention, the tempering is: pushing the workpiece into a tempering furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃, the tempering time is more than or equal to 150 minutes, and the time interval between the tempering and the carburizing and quenching is less than or equal to 2 hours.
According to the scheme of the invention, the size and shape accuracy of the constant velocity universal joint retainer can be ensured, the coaxiality can be ensured, and the workpiece cannot be deformed in the machining process. Moreover, by the scheme of the invention, the strength, hardness and surface quality of the pipe material can be effectively improved and ensured in the processing and manufacturing process, the whole process is low in energy consumption, high in processing speed and low in cost, a sharp corner cannot be formed at the window hole, stress concentration and fracture cannot be generated, and the production efficiency and the finished product yield can be greatly improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart schematically showing a method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 schematically shows a structural view of the constant velocity joint cage obtained by the constant velocity joint cage processing method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The content of the invention will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that the embodiments discussed are only for the purpose of enabling a person of ordinary skill in the art to better understand and thus implement the contents of the present invention, and do not imply any limitation on the scope of the present invention.
As used herein, the term "include" and its variants are to be read as open-ended terms meaning "including, but not limited to. The term "based on" is to be read as "based, at least in part, on". The terms "one embodiment" and "an embodiment" are to be read as "at least one embodiment".
The retainer is used as a key part of a fixed constant velocity universal joint and is used for limiting the moving area of a steel ball in the constant velocity universal joint, the outer spherical surface of the retainer is in clearance fit with the inner spherical surface of the outer shell, the inner spherical surface of the retainer is in clearance fit with the inner spherical surface of the inner star sleeve, a plurality of window holes (generally 6 or 8) are formed in the inner spherical surface and the outer spherical surface of the retainer, and the planes of the window holes are in clearance fit with the steel ball (the minimum fit clearance is zero).
The fixed constant velocity universal joint assembly process is as follows: the star-shaped sleeve is arranged in the retainer, the assembly is arranged in the bell-shaped shell, and the steel balls are arranged in sequence. Whether the star sleeve can be installed in the retainer or not is required to meet the requirement that the length of the window hole of the retainer is required to be larger than the assembly height of the star sleeve, and whether the retainer can be installed in the bell housing or not is also related to the length of the window hole of the retainer. Because the inner cavity space of the fixed constant velocity universal joint is limited, the structural size of the retainer is limited, the wall thickness of the retainer is thin (the thickness is generally 4.0-8.0), and the retainer must have certain strength and wear resistance, therefore, the material is low carbon alloy structural steel (generally 20CrMnTi, SAE8617H), and the carburizing heat treatment method is adopted, the window beam of the retainer needs to have enough strength, and the beam width is kept consistent, so the window shape of the retainer is completely consistent, and the window shape meets the assembly requirements of the star sleeve and the bell housing.
Based on the structure and requirements of the constant velocity joint cage according to the present invention, the present invention proposes the following embodiments.
Fig. 1 schematically shows a flow chart of a constant velocity joint cage processing method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the constant velocity joint cage processing method according to the present invention includes the steps of:
blanking a pipe material according to the overall dimension of the constant velocity universal joint retainer;
forming the pipe material to form a formed pipe material;
positioning and forming an outer spherical surface and one end plane of the pipe material by adopting a numerical control lathe, and finely turning and forming an inner spherical surface and the other end plane which is used as a base plane of the pipe material;
positioning and forming an outer spherical surface and the base surface of the pipe material by using a numerical control lathe, and finely turning the plane at one end;
positioning the outer spherical surface and the base surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material by using an automatic punch, pressing an inner hole close to a plane at one end, and punching the outer spherical surface from the inner spherical surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material to form a plurality of window holes;
positioning the base plane and the inner hole corresponding to the base plane (namely the inner hole part close to one side of the base plane) by adopting a numerical control milling machine, clamping a plane at one end and the inner hole corresponding to the plane (namely the inner hole part close to one side of the plane), and milling the plane of each window hole;
carrying out carburizing heat treatment on the milled formed pipe material;
positioning a plane at one end and an inner hole corresponding to the plane by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, and clamping an outer spherical surface, a hard lathe base surface and an inner spherical surface;
and positioning the base surface after hard turning and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, tightly pressing a plane at one end, and hard turning an outer spherical surface after hard milling the plane of the window hole to form the constant velocity universal joint retainer.
According to the scheme of the invention, the size and shape precision of the constant velocity universal joint retainer can be ensured, the coaxiality can be ensured, and the deformation of a workpiece can not be caused in the machining process. Moreover, through the scheme, in the processing and manufacturing process, the strength, hardness and surface quality of the pipe material can be effectively improved and guaranteed, the whole process is low in energy consumption, high in processing speed and low in cost, a sharp corner cannot be formed at the window hole, stress concentration and fracture phenomena cannot be generated, and the production efficiency and the finished product yield can be greatly improved.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, a cold-drawn steel pipe made of low carbon alloy steel of 20CrMnTi, SAE8617H is used as a raw material before blanking a pipe material, and the cold-drawn steel pipe is a hot-rolled bar material which is hot-pierced into a pipe blank, and the pipe blank is then cold-drawn, and since the steel material of the steel pipe is deformed and rolled and has a thin wall thickness, the microstructure, the non-metallic inclusion, the hardenability and the like cannot be controlled according to the bar standard. Therefore, the hot rolled bar and the cold drawn steel tube must be controlled separately according to their respective requirements.
The hot-rolled bar raw material meets the chemical composition: the steel plate contains 0.18 to 0.23 percent of carbon, 0.17 to 0.37 percent of silicon, 0.80 to 1.10 percent of manganese, 1.00 to 1.30 percent of chromium, 0.04 to 0.10 percent of titanium, less than or equal to 0.030 percent of phosphorus and less than or equal to 0.030 percent of sulfur, wherein the percentages are mass percent. The macroscopic tissues meet the general looseness less than or equal to 2.0 grade; the central porosity is less than or equal to 2.0 grade; ingot type segregation is less than or equal to 2.5 grade; general point segregation is less than or equal to 1.0 grade; the edge point segregation is less than or equal to 1.0 grade. The non-metallic inclusions satisfy: the A-type fine inclusion is less than or equal to 2.0; the A-type coarse inclusion is less than or equal to 2.0; the B-type fine inclusion is less than or equal to 2.5; the B-type coarse inclusion is less than or equal to 2.5; the C-type fine inclusion is less than or equal to 2.0; the C-type coarse inclusion is less than or equal to 2.0; the D-type fine inclusion is less than or equal to 2.5; the D-type coarse inclusion is less than or equal to 2.5.
The cold-drawn seamless steel tube meets the chemical composition requirement of the hot-rolled bar.
Hardness: the steel pipe is delivered in a normalized state, and the hardness value is HB170-220.
Grain size: according to YB/T5148 carburizing method, the austenite grain size is not coarser than 5 grade at 925 deg.C for 8 hours.
Surface quality: according to the GB/T8162 standard.
Allowable deviation of steel pipe size: the allowable deviation of the outer diameter is +/-0.15 mm, the allowable deviation of the inner diameter is +/-0.50 mm, and the cage is made of low-carbon alloy steel to meet the requirements of enough strength and wear resistance on the surface and enough toughness on the core, so the cage is realized by a carburizing heat treatment method.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the steel pipe cutting machine is adopted for blanking the pipe materials, the forming cutting tool is adopted, the system automatically monitors the service life of the cutting tool, and the system has the function of automatically separating the stub bar, the stub bar and blanking pipe materials.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the tube stock is formed into a formed tube stock by forming treatment, wherein the forming treatment is formed by mounting a die special for forming by using an oil press and necking forming or mounting a die special for rolling by using a cold rolling machine and cold rolling forming. When the necking is formed, the upper die holder and the lower die holder are used for die assembly and forming, a parting line is positioned in the center of the outer spherical surface of the retainer, and the arc and the diameter of the inner arc surface of the upper die holder and the inner arc surface of the lower die holder are the arc and the diameter of the outer spherical surface of the retainer, so the diameter of the outer spherical surface of the retainer formed by the necking is determined by the upper die cavity and the lower die cavity, and the size and the shape of the outer spherical surface of the retainer are stable.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer spherical surface and one end plane of the formed tube material are positioned by a numerically controlled lathe, and the inner spherical surface and the other end plane as a base surface of the formed tube material are finely turned: the outer spherical surface formed by necking or cold rolling and the plane at one end of the outer spherical surface are used as positioning and clamping references, the clamping position of the outer spherical surface is ensured to be firmly clamped under the cutting action, and the turning of the base surface (the plane at the other end) and the inner spherical surface is finished in steps.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the outer spherical surface and the base surface of the formed pipe material are positioned by a numerical control lathe, and the finish turning of one end plane is as follows: the outer spherical surface formed by necking or cold rolling and the turned base surface are used as positioning and clamping references to finish turning of a plane at one end opposite to the base surface, the requirement on the total height of the retainer is met, and the height of the center of the outer spherical surface of the retainer is additionally controlled.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the punch press is adapted to punch from the inner spherical surface to the outer spherical surface in a tonnage selected based on the shape of the aperture and the wall thickness, the aperture shape being determined by the punch while the arc and the base of the outer spherical surface are positioned to compress the inner bore at the end plane opposite the base. Because the shapes of the plurality of window holes arranged on the retainer are consistent, the punching of the plurality of window holes can be completed at one time, and the retainer has the characteristics of uniform window hole indexing, good deformation uniformity and consistency, high production efficiency, labor safety guarantee and the like.
According to one embodiment of the invention, a base surface and an inner hole corresponding to the base surface are used as positioning references, a plane at one end opposite to the base surface and the inner hole are used as clamping references, and 2 special milling cutters are installed at one time by a numerical control milling machine to mill an upper plane and a lower plane of an opposite window hole at one time.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the carburizing heat treatment includes charging, washing, drying, carburizing and quenching, washing after quenching, tempering, moving, and discharging.
In the present embodiment, the carburizing treatment is performed in an automatically controlled carburizing heat treatment multi-purpose furnace or a continuous furnace. When the forming tube materials are put into a frame, a plurality of forming tube materials are simultaneously carburized, the forming tube materials are placed in order or in a staggered mode, a gap larger than or equal to 1 mm is kept between the forming tube materials, and the forming tube materials cannot be put into a material basket. During feeding, the trolley is hung by a traveling crane charging basket and pushed to the lifting platform to move to the front of the cleaning machine.
During cleaning, the formed pipe material is pushed to a cleaning machine, the cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, and the cleaning liquid is detected once per week and replaced once every 1-3 months.
Drying: pushing the formed pipe material to a drying furnace, wherein the drying temperature is as follows: the temperature is 480 +/-10 ℃, and the drying time is more than or equal to 60 minutes.
Carburizing and quenching: and pushing the formed pipe material into a carburizing furnace, and setting process parameters according to the process technical requirements of the workpiece to perform carburizing and quenching on the workpiece. In each operation stage, equipment and instruments are observed, a carburizing and quenching process monitoring record table is recorded, abnormal conditions are reported in time, and the working conditions of a propane station and a pressure feeding station are checked according to regulations (1 time per hour) in the production process; the carburizing furnace periodically burns carbon black once a month, the furnace temperature and the carbon potential are checked once a week, the verification method is a nine-point method, the uniformity of a carburized layer is less than or equal to 0.2 mm, a record is formed, the quenching oil level is checked once a week and added in time, and the cooling characteristic of the quenching oil is detected once a quarter.
Cleaning after quenching: and pushing the formed pipe material into a cleaning machine, and cleaning the formed pipe material after quenching. The cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 50 minutes, the cleaning solution is detected once a week and replaced once every three months to form a record.
Tempering: pushing the formed pipe material into a tempering furnace, and tempering the workpiece. The tempering temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃, the tempering time is more than or equal to 150 minutes, and the interval between the quenching and the tempering of the parts is less than or equal to 2 hours.
Moving: and after the tempering is finished, pulling the formed pipe material onto a trolley, moving the formed pipe material to the front of a lifting platform, and pushing the workpiece and the material frame onto the trolley through the lifting platform.
Blanking: and hoisting the formed pipe material and the material frame to a discharging hopper by using a travelling crane. When being placed, the workpiece is carefully collided and damaged, and the workpieces are ensured to be neat and consistent in quantity.
Monitoring the formed pipe material in the carburizing treatment process, wherein the monitored process parameters are as follows: the temperature, the carbon potential and the time of the high-temperature soaking stage, the strong infiltration stage, the diffusion stage and the cooling soaking stage. The temperature of quenching oil, the quenching cooling characteristic curve, the quenching cooling time, the tempering temperature and time, and the requirements of effective carburized layer, metallographic structure, surface hardness, core hardness, deformation and the like are met.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, after the carburizing treatment is completed, a composite vertical inverted lathe is used, a hard turning end face insert and an intermittently cutting hard turning inner spherical insert are arranged using a large inner hole (an inner control portion corresponding to the one end plane) of a small end face (the one end plane opposite to the base surface) as a positioning reference and an outer spherical surface as a clamping reference, and hard turning of the base surface and the inner spherical surface is completed according to a pre-programmed program.
And then, a composite vertical inverted lathe is adopted, hard milling of a window hole plane is firstly completed, then an outer spherical surface is hard turned, wherein the hard milling of the window hole plane is realized by taking a base surface and an inner hole after hard turning as positioning, a window hole positioning rod is used for aligning to the position of the window hole, the other end surface is immediately pressed, 2 hard milling blades are installed at one time by adopting a pre-programmed program, hard milling of the upper plane and the lower plane of the relative window hole is completed at one time, and hard milling of all the window hole planes is completed through numerical control indexing. And then, hard turning the outer spherical surface by adopting a hard turning blade for intermittently cutting the outer spherical surface, so that the constant velocity universal joint retainer is formed, and the structure of the constant velocity universal joint retainer is shown in figure 2.
According to the scheme of the invention, the shape and the dimensional accuracy of the constant velocity universal joint retainer obtained by the method can be effectively ensured, the mechanical property of the constant velocity universal joint retainer is excellent, the problems of stress concentration and crack fracture can not be generated, the whole processing technology is simple and rapid, the positioning reference is less, the technology difficulty is reduced, and the production efficiency and the finished product yield are effectively improved.
Finally, it is noted that the above-mentioned preferred embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that, although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the above-mentioned preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made therein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. The constant velocity joint cage processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
blanking a pipe material according to the overall dimension of the constant velocity universal joint retainer;
forming the pipe material to form a formed pipe material;
positioning an outer spherical surface and one end plane of a formed pipe material by using a numerical control lathe, and finely turning an inner spherical surface of the formed pipe material and the other end plane serving as a base plane;
positioning and forming an outer spherical surface and the base surface of the pipe material by adopting a numerical control lathe, and finely turning the plane at one end;
positioning the outer spherical surface and the base surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material by using an automatic punch, pressing an inner hole close to the plane at one end, and punching the outer spherical surface from the inner spherical surface of the finish-turned formed pipe material to form a plurality of window holes;
positioning the base surface and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface by using a numerical control milling machine, clamping the plane at one end and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface, and milling the plane of each window hole;
carrying out carburizing heat treatment on the milled formed pipe material;
positioning the plane at one end and an inner hole corresponding to the plane at one end by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, clamping an outer spherical surface, and hard turning the base surface and the inner spherical surface;
and positioning the base surface after hard turning and the inner hole corresponding to the base surface by adopting a composite vertical inverted lathe, tightly pressing the plane at one end, and hard turning the outer spherical surface after hard milling the plane of the window hole to form the constant velocity universal joint retainer.
2. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 1, wherein the tube stock is in a normalized state, has a hardness value of HB170-220, and has an austenite grain size of 5 or less.
3. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 1, wherein the forming process is a necking forming or a cold rolling forming.
4. The method for processing the constant velocity universal joint cage according to claim 3, wherein an upper die holder and a lower die holder are used for matched die forming during necking, a parting line is located at the center of the outer spherical surface of the cage, and the inner arc surface circular arc and the diameter of the upper die holder and the inner arc surface circular arc and the diameter of the lower die holder are the outer spherical surface circular arc and the diameter of the constant velocity universal joint cage.
5. The method of machining a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 1, wherein when milling the flat surfaces of the window holes, two milling cutters are mounted at a time to mill the upper and lower flat surfaces of the two window holes facing each other at a time.
6. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 1, wherein the carburizing heat treatment includes charging, cleaning, baking, carburizing and quenching, cleaning after quenching, tempering, moving, and discharging.
7. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 6, wherein the cleaning is: and pushing the milled forming pipe material to a cleaning machine, wherein the cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 60 minutes, and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning machine is detected once per week and replaced once every 1-3 months.
8. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 6, wherein the baking is: pushing the cleaned forming pipe material to a drying furnace, wherein the drying temperature is as follows: the drying time is more than or equal to 60 minutes at 480 +/-10 ℃.
9. The method of processing a constant velocity joint cage according to claim 6, wherein the post-quenching cleaning is: and pushing the formed tube material subjected to carburization quenching into a cleaning machine, wherein the cleaning temperature is 60 +/-10 ℃, the cleaning time is more than or equal to 50 minutes, and the cleaning liquid in the cleaning machine is detected once per week and replaced once every 1-3 months.
10. Method of machining a constant velocity joint cage according to any of claims 6-9, characterized in that the tempering is: pushing the quenched and cleaned formed pipe material into a tempering furnace, wherein the tempering temperature is 170 +/-10 ℃, the tempering time is more than or equal to 150 minutes, and the time interval between the tempering and the carburizing and quenching is less than or equal to 2 hours.
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2003049861A (en) * | 2001-08-03 | 2003-02-21 | Ntn Corp | Cage of fixed constant velocity universal joint and its manufacturing method and fixed constant velocity universal joint |
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| CN115229452B (en) | 2022-12-09 |
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