CN110052792A - A kind of manufacturing method of hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel - Google Patents
A kind of manufacturing method of hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel Download PDFInfo
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- CN110052792A CN110052792A CN201910383403.1A CN201910383403A CN110052792A CN 110052792 A CN110052792 A CN 110052792A CN 201910383403 A CN201910383403 A CN 201910383403A CN 110052792 A CN110052792 A CN 110052792A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of manufacturing methods of hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel, using hot-rolled coil as raw material, successively after following steps, are made: (1) roll bending being cut to strip；(2) strip welds to form welded tube through ERW；(3) Welded Pipe carries out Tempering and Quenching；(4) Welded Pipe carries out cold reduced；(5) Welded Pipe carries out precision straightening；(6) Welded Pipe carries out non-destructive testing；(7) Welded Pipe carries out fixed ruler cutting；(8) Welded Pipe carries out surfaces externally and internally finishing.This method makes full use of ERW welded tube outer diameter and the material of wall thickness high-precision, Tempering and Quenching is high-intensitive and high tenacity, cold reduced high-precision high surface finish and high efficiency, precision straightening improve steel pipe straightness and circularity, non-destructive testing raising cylinder barrel reliability, Excircle machining surplus is small when using as Multi-stage cylinder, high-efficient and welded tube high concentricity, the small high-accuracy high-efficiency rate of machining allowance of inner hole scraping tumbling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention provides a kind of production technologies with the quenched cold reduced finishing of ERW welded tube to produce hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel
Manufacturing method.Belong to the processing of steel ultra-deep and component of machine manufacturing field.It is suitble to high efficiency to produce high-precision, height in enormous quantities
The hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel of intensity, high tenacity.Especially multistage hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel, and high production efficiency, recovery rate of iron is high, raw
Produce low cost.
Background technique
Currently, it is raw material that the country, which generallys use seamless steel pipe, when production hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel, conventional production process is seamless
The direct processing skill of multi-pass outer interior boring repeatedly after steel pipe fixed ruler cutting, recovery rate of iron is only 50~55%, and mechanicalness
Difference, dimensional accuracy are low.More advanced production technology is seamless steel pipe pickling cold-drawn annealing inner bore honing technique, although intensity mentions
Height, precision improves, but during produce cylinder barrel, metal material wastes more serious, and recovery rate of iron highest is generally 70~
75%, and in process of production, a large amount of spent acid and waste water can be generated, expenses of environmental protection is higher, so that the cost of cylinder barrel production
It is higher.External more advanced production technology is that welded tube normalizing pickling cold-drawn annealing inner hole scrapes rolling technique, recovery rate of iron 80
~85%, in process of production, a large amount of spent acid and waste water can be generated, expenses of environmental protection is higher, although the machinery of finished product cylinder barrel
Performance is more preferable, and dimensional accuracy is higher, but the cost of cylinder barrel production is higher.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome drawbacks described above, a kind of manufacturing method of cylinder barrel is provided, which uses ERW
The quenched cold reduced finishing mode of welded tube produces hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel.This method makes full use of ERW welded tube outer diameter and wall thickness high-precision
Degree, the material high intensity of Tempering and Quenching and high tenacity, cold reduced high-precision high surface finish and high efficiency, precision straightening mention
The straightness and circularity of high steel pipe, the reliability of the raising cylinder barrel of non-destructive testing, Excircle machining surplus when being used as Multi-stage cylinder
Small, high-efficient and welded tube high concentricity, the small high-accuracy high-efficiency rate of machining allowance of inner hole scraping tumbling.The production method from
It fundamentally changes existing for the direct processing technology of domestic existing seamless steel pipe and seamless steel pipe pickling cold-drawn annealing honing technique
Cylinder point.Recovery rate of iron is 85~88% from hot-rolled coil to finished product cylinder barrel, is 90 from welded tube to finished product cylinder barrel recovery rate of iron
~92%.And it is generated in production process without spent acid and acid-bearing wastewater, non-environmental-pollution.Specific technical solution is as follows:
A kind of manufacturing method of hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel successively after following steps, is made using hot-rolled coil as raw material:
It (1) is strip by hot-rolled coil longitudinal shearing slitting；
(2) strip welds to form welded tube through ERW；
(3) Welded Pipe carries out Tempering and Quenching；
(4) cold reduced is carried out to by the welded tube of step (3)；
(5) precision straightening is carried out to by the welded tube of step (4)；
(6) it is carried out non-destructive testing to by the welded tube of step (5)；
(7) fixed ruler cutting is carried out to by the welded tube of step (6)；
(8) surfaces externally and internally finishing is carried out to by the welded tube of step (7).
To save material, the relationship of formula (I) is met between the width and welded tube of strip:
B=(D0-S0)*3.1415926*K+G (I)
Wherein, B is the width of strip；D0For the outer diameter of welded tube；S0For the wall thickness of welded tube；
K is welded tube tube reducing coefficient, K value 1.01~1.04；G is welding amount of compression, 0.5~10mm of G value.
To reduce processing capacity, while improving the utilization rate of raw material.Meeting formula between the wall thickness of welded tube and the wall thickness of cylinder barrel
(II) relationship: S0=S+ (0.5~2.0mm) (II)
Wherein, S0For the wall thickness of welded tube；S is the wall thickness of cylinder barrel.
Further, in the ERW welding process for carrying out step (2), the burr in weld seam and outside weld seam need to be removed, wherein welding
The reinforcement of burr in seam are as follows: -0.25~+0.50mm.Under condition limitation, cylinder barrel produced can be used as multistage hydraulic
Cylinder cylinder barrel.
Online annealing heat treatment is carried out to weld seam after welding has been completed for the internal stress for eliminating welded seam area, specifically:
Weld seam is heated to 850~950 DEG C, is then cooled down, when the temperature of weld seam drops to 400 DEG C, water cooling is carried out to weld seam,
Welded Pipe carries out sizing when the temperature of weld seam is cooled to 80 DEG C or less, when carrying out sizing, can use four-roller sizing, sizing amount
It is the 1~2% of welded tube outer diameter, makes welded tube sizing in plastic zone, make the outer diameter tolerance of welded tubeThe wall thickness of welded tube is public
Difference isWelded Pipe carries out online thick aligning after sizing, makes straightness < 1/1000 of welded tube；Wherein, D0For the outer of welded tube
Diameter；S0For the wall thickness of welded tube.
While eliminating welded seam area internal stress, the elimination of internal stress can be also carried out to heat affected area when welding, is disappeared
The method removed is identical as the method for welded seam area internal stress is eliminated.
Due to using hot-rolled coil as raw material, the circumferential wall difference of welded tube is practical poor for the same plate of hot-rolled coil, this makes to weld
The circumferential direction of pipe can be controlled in ± 1%S0Within, longitudinal wall thickness accuracy is ± 3%S0Within.Make the dimensional accuracy of welded tube much higher than heat
Roll the dimensional accuracy of seamless steel pipe, the dimensional accuracy of hot rolled seamless steel tube are as follows:
Outer-diameter accuracyWall thickness accuracyStraightness < 1.0/1000；
Wherein D01For the outer diameter of hot rolled seamless steel tube, S01For the wall thickness of hot rolled seamless steel tube.
Further, it when carrying out the Tempering and Quenching of step (3), is successively quenched, cools down and is tempered, wherein temperature when quenching
Degree is 800~950 DEG C；It is cooled to carry out using water-spraying control mode；Tempering is carried out at 450~650 DEG C, and is kept the temperature.Passing through
After above-mentioned Tempering and Quenching, the intensity of cylinder barrel can be effectively improved, guarantees the mechanical performance of welded tube, there is cylinder barrel good
Comprehensive mechanical property there is very high intensity to have good plasticity and toughness again.
Further, after step (4), the outer diameter precision of welded tube isD is the outer diameter of cylinder barrel.By walking
Suddenly after (4), welded tube has basically reached the standard of cylinder barrel.
Since the outer diameter of welded tube is different from the outer diameter of finished product hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel.Need to change the outer diameter of welded tube, it is accurate
Cold reduced is that a kind of high-accuracy high-efficiency rate changes outer diameter of steel pipes and improves the production of outer diameter of steel pipes dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness
Technique.After cold reduced, the dimensional accuracy of welded tube are as follows: outer diameter isD is the outer diameter of finished product hydraulic cylinder, subsequent to add
Spare time amount is 0.05~0.10%D.
Further, after step (5), straightness < 0.2/1000 of welded tube.Due to welded tube during heat treatment and cold reduced
Bending can be generated, Welded Pipe is needed to be aligned.When being corrected, can be aligned using gag press straightening or cross roll.Pressure is rectified
The simple low cost of equipment of straight machine, but the device is complicated for cross-roll straightening machine, and cost is high, but leveling effect is good, will not generate local pressure
Flat deformation.It is therefore proposed that using skew roller type multiple roll straightening process.
Preferably, it in step (6), is detected using the ability of water pressure test Welded Pipe carrying internal pressure, and using super
At least one of sonic flaw detection, eddy current inspection, magnetic powder inspection are detected.
In above-mentioned each detection method, it is proposed that combined using the water pressure test and ultrasonic examination, the water pressure test can be verified
The ability of steel pipe carrying internal pressure；Ultrasonic examination not only can detecte the defect of steel pipe surfaces externally and internally, but also can detecte steel pipe
Internal defect.
The pressure of the water pressure test are as follows:Wherein: K is stress coefficient, generally takes 0.80；S is the wall of pipe
It is thick；D is tube outer diameter；σsFor pipe nominal-ultimate strength.And hydraulic test pressure is usually that practical multistage hydraulic cylinder uses
The 2 times or more of rated pressure.100% ultrasonic examination is carried out to full tube body again, to prevent during production and the water pressure test
The defects of cracking, being layered in tube body, it is ensured that the quality of pipe.The standard of flaw detection is (vertical by ISO 9303 or ASTM E213
To) and ISO 9305 or ASTM E213 (transverse direction) as defined in ultrasonic examination L4 grade carry out, i.e., artificial standard specimen defective tube depth
It is the 5% of wall thickness, so as to find excessively internal any tiny flaw inside cylinder barrel.
Specifically, in step (8), surfaces externally and internally finishing includes outer circle finishing and finishing of internal diameter, therein outer
Circle finishing is one of outer circle finish turning, peripheral milling, centerless external cylindrical mill, rolling, polishing or electro-spark polishing mode or two kinds
The combination of mode；Finishing of internal diameter uses inner hole scraping tumbling technique.The inner hole scraping tumbling technique, which is that inner hole overall length is small, cuts
The boring and rolling for cutting surplus combine technique.
It is finished to foreign round, to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of outer circle.The mode of outer circle finishing has:
The group of any method such as outer circle finish turning, peripheral milling, centerless external cylindrical mill, rolling, polishing, electro-spark polishing or two kinds of modes
It closes.Such as it is using the outer-diameter accuracy after the mill processing of wide grinding wheel centerless external cylindricalRoughness < 0.4 μm.Due to welded tube wall thickness
Precision is high, the circularity of pipe and directly spends after accurate tube reducing and precision straightening, the machining allowance of such inner hole is small, it is preferred to use
Inner hole scraping tumbling technique is processed, and inner hole precision isSurface roughness < 0.20 μm.And the concentricity of inside and outside circle <
1%S, S are that finished product hydraulic cylinder barrel is thick.
Specific embodiment
In the application, ERW welding is high-frequency resistance welding (HFRW).
The application is further described below in conjunction with a concrete case, specifically with's
For multistage hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel.
(1) public formula (II) S is utilized0The thickness S of=S+ (0.5~2.0mm), cylinder barrel are 7.5mm, according to the tool of hot-rolled coil
Body specification selects the hot-rolled coil with a thickness of 8.0mm, which is welded tube wall thickness S0。
And take the outer diameter D of welded tube0For 162mm, according to public formula (I) B=(D0-S0) * 3.1415926*K+G calculated,
In K value 1.02, G value 5mm, carry out calculate strip width B value 498mm.
Using having a size of 1500*8.0mm material is raw material for the hot-rolled coil of 25Mn, will be width by the hot-rolled coil slitting
Degree is three strips of 498mm.
(2) wide 498mm strip is welded as through ERW welded pipe product lineSteel pipe.
In carrying out ERW welding process, the burr in weld seam and outside weld seam need to be removed, wherein the reinforcement of the burr in weld seam
Control are as follows: -0.10~+0.20mm.
After welding has been completed, online annealing heat treatment is carried out to weld seam, specifically: weld seam is heated to 890~920 DEG C,
Then cool down, when the temperature of weld seam drops to 400 DEG C, to weld seam carry out water cooling, the temperature of weld seam be cooled to 80 DEG C with
Welded Pipe will carry out sizing when lower, and using four-roller sizing, sizing amount is the 1~2% of welded tube outer diameter, make welded tube sizing in plastic zone,
Make the outer diameter tolerance of welded tubeThe wall thickness tolerance of welded tube isThe online row of Welded Pipe progress is slightly rectified after sizing
Directly, make straightness < 1/1000 of welded tube.
It is appreciated that can also be 850~860 DEG C or 930~920 DEG C when being heated to weld seam in other embodiments,
It or is other values between 850~950 DEG C.
(3) Welded Pipe carries out Tempering and Quenching, specifically: quenching temperature is 880 DEG C, water-spraying control, tempering temperature
It is 500 DEG C, after heat preservation 45 minutes, the mechanical performance of product are as follows: yield strength > 600MPa, tensile strength > 750MPa are had no progeny and prolonged
Stretch rate > 15%, low-temperature impact toughness (- 20 DEG C) > 60J.
It is appreciated that in other embodiments, quenching temperature can be selected at 800~950 DEG C, tempering temperature
It can be selected at 450~650 DEG C.
(4) accurate cold reduced is carried out using cold reduced machine Welded Pipe, the size of welded tube after tube reducing are as follows: Φ 160*8.0*
11870mm.Outer-diameter accuracy is ΦSpeed of production is 20 ms/min.
(5) precision straightening is carried out using 11 rollers aligning, straightness < 0.2/1000 of welded tube, speed of production are after aligning
20 ms/min.
(6) water pressure test is carried out to the welded tube after precision straightening, test pressure is that (the specified of cylinder barrel uses pressure to 48MPa
For 19MPa).Rhythm of production is 50 seconds/root.
The full tube body of Welded Pipe carries out 100% ultrasonic examination again, to prevent in production and water pressure test process middle tube body
The defects of inside cracking, being layered, it is ensured that the quality of welded tube.Artificial standard specimen defective tube depth is the 5% of wall thickness.Rhythm of production is
50 seconds/root.
(7) carrying out fixed ruler cutting to the welded tube after hydraulic pressure and flaw detection isCylinder barrel pipe, every root bead
Pipe can produce 7 cylinder barrel pipes.Rhythm of production is 150/hour.
(8) to the outer circle progress overall length finishing of cylinder barrel pipe, (outer circle is not necessarily to when being used as single stage hydraulic cylinder with cylinder barrel again
Finishing), to improve the dimensional accuracy and surface smoothness of outer circle, to reach multistage hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel to the size essence of outer diameter
The requirement of degree and surface smoothness.Here it is finished by the way of wide grinding wheel centerless external cylindrical mill.After outer circle finishes
Outer-diameter accuracy be ΦRoughness is 0.20 μm.Speed of production is 1.0 ms/min.
It reuses deep hole scraping cleaning mill to process inner hole, the inner hole precision after the processing of inner hole scraping tumbling technique
ForRoughness < 0.20 μm.Speed of production is 0.40 m/min.
So far, steel cylinder pipe has been processed into as finished product multistage hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel.The production technology is from ERW welded tube to finished cylinder
The recovery rate of iron of cylinder is 91.4%.It is 85~88% from hot-rolled coil to the lumber recovery of ERW welded tube.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of manufacturing method of hydraulic cylinder cylinder barrel, which is characterized in that using hot-rolled coil as raw material, successively through following steps
Afterwards, it is made:
It (1) is strip by hot-rolled coil longitudinal shearing slitting；
(2) strip welds to form welded tube through ERW；
(3) Welded Pipe carries out Tempering and Quenching；
(4) cold reduced is carried out to by the welded tube of step (3)；
(5) precision straightening is carried out to by the welded tube of step (4)；
(6) it is carried out non-destructive testing to by the welded tube of step (5)；
(7) fixed ruler cutting is carried out to by the welded tube of step (6)；
(8) surfaces externally and internally finishing is carried out to by the welded tube of step (7).
2. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Meet the relationship of formula (I) between the width and welded tube of strip:
B=(D0-S0)*3.1415926*K+G (I)
Wherein, B is the width of strip；
D0For the outer diameter of welded tube；S0For the wall thickness of welded tube；
K is welded tube tube reducing coefficient, K value 1.01~1.04；
G is welding amount of compression, 0.5~10mm of G value.
3. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Meet the relationship of formula (II) between the wall thickness of welded tube and the wall thickness of cylinder barrel:
S0=S+ (0.5~2.0mm) (II)
Wherein, S0For the wall thickness of welded tube；S is the wall thickness of cylinder barrel.
4. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In the ERW welding process for carrying out step (2), the burr in weld seam and outside weld seam need to be removed, wherein the burr in weld seam
Reinforcement are as follows: -0.25~+0.50mm.
5. manufacturing method according to claim 4, which is characterized in that
After welding has been completed, online annealing heat treatment is carried out to weld seam, specifically: weld seam is heated to 850~950 DEG C, then
Cool down, when the temperature of weld seam drops to 400 DEG C, water cooling is carried out to weld seam, when the temperature of weld seam is cooled to 80 DEG C or less
Welded Pipe carries out sizing, and sizing amount is the 1~2% of welded tube outer diameter, makes the outer diameter tolerance of welded tubeThe wall thickness of welded tube
Tolerance is
Welded Pipe carries out online thick aligning after sizing, makes straightness < 1/1000 of welded tube；
Wherein, D0For the outer diameter of welded tube；S0For the wall thickness of welded tube.
6. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
Carry out step (3) Tempering and Quenching when, be successively quenched, cool down and be tempered, wherein quenching when temperature be 800~
950℃；It is cooled to carry out using water-spraying control mode；Tempering is carried out at 450~650 DEG C, and is kept the temperature.
7. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
After step (4), the outer diameter precision of welded tube isD is the outer diameter of cylinder barrel.
8. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
After step (5), straightness < 0.2/1000 of welded tube.
9. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step (6), detected using the ability of water pressure test Welded Pipe carrying internal pressure, and use ultrasonic examination, whirlpool
At least one of stream flaw detection, magnetic powder inspection are detected.
10. the manufacturing method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that
In step (8), surfaces externally and internally finishing includes outer circle finishing and finishing of internal diameter, and outer circle finishing therein is outer
Circle smart car, peripheral milling, centerless external cylindrical mill, rolling, polishing or any one mode or any two mode in electro-spark polishing
Combination；Finishing of internal diameter uses inner hole scraping tumbling technique.
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| CN201910383403.1A CN110052792B (en) | 2019-05-09 | 2019-05-09 | Manufacturing method of cylinder barrel for hydraulic cylinder |
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